2GTG - Know How Training 14 March 2013 - Participants 2pg - 2
2GTG - Know How Training 14 March 2013 - Participants 2pg - 2
GTG MS6001A
Know How
Prepared by:
Bambang Tri Priatmoko
PT CHANDRA ASRI PETROCHEMICAL Tbk
March 2013
(FOR INTERNAL USE IN PT CAP)
(Courtesy of General Electric & Alstom)
Table of Contents
1.
GTG Overview
2.
GT Mechanical System
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
GT Maintenance Schedule
GT Accessory & Support System
GT Control Philosophy
GT Control System
GT Protection System
Generator Control & Protection System
2
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 1
GTG OVERVIEW
3
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GTG OVERVIEW
4
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Ignition
Exhaust
Stack
Combustion
Chamber
Atm Air
Intake
Starting
Engine
Compressed
Air
Gas
Compressor
Reduction
Gear
11KV
3Phs,
50Hz
Exciter
Turbine
Generator
5
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GE GT MS 6001
6
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 2
GAS TURBINE
MECHANICAL SYSTEM
7
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
GT & COMPRESSOR
ATOMIZING AIR
MANIFOLD
AXIAL FLOW
COMPRESSOR
1ST STG ROTOR
BLADE
17TH STG
WHEEL
COMBUSTION
LINER
FUEL
DISTANCE
NOZZLE
PIECE
EXHAUST
STAKE
1ST STG
TURBINE
NOZZLE
3RD STG
TURBINE
NOZZLE
3RD STG
TURBINE
BUCKET
LOAD
COUPLING
INLET
PLENUM
ACCESSORY
COUPLING
EXHAUST
PLENUM
BEARING
NO.1
TURBINE
BASE
Heat
Exchanger
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
BEARING
NO.2
8
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
COMPRESSOR SECTION
Lower half
Compressor
casing
Compressor &
Turbine Rotor
Compressor
Stator
Inlet plenum
9
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
10
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Compressor Casing
11
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Bearings
Bearing #2
Located inside the exhaust frame inner tunnel.
Labyrinth seals at each end of bearing housing are
pressured with air extracted from compressor 5th
stage
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
12
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
COMBUSTION SYSTEM
Reverse Flow
COMBUSTION SYSTEM
14
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
COMBUSTION Parts 2
Atomizing
Air Flange
Liquid
Fuel
connector
Combustion
Liner
Transition
Piece
Fuel
Nozzle
Atomizing
Air Flange
Retaining ring
Transition
Piece
Support
15
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
Nozzle
Holes
UV FLAME
DETECTOR
Counterclockwise arrangement
2 high volateg retractableelectrode Spark plugs (at
Chambers 1, 10). As rotor
speed increases, chamber
pressure cause the spark plugs
to retracts the electrodes
4 UV Flame Detectors
(chambers 2,3,7,8)
Each CC is connected with
cross fire tube
Each CC has Fuel nozzle hole
False start drain manifold at
piping of Chambers 3-7 to drain
unburned fuel out in case of GT
fail to start up after firing.
16
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Fuel Nozzle
Gas
Fuel
Liquid Fuel
Atomizing Air
17
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Spark Plug
Electrode
18
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
TURBINE SECTION
Consists of Turbine rotor and stator, turbine shell, turbine nozzle, shroud,
exhaust frame and exhaust diffuser
Turbine Rotor and Stator are used to convert high energy, pressured gas
is produced by the compressor and combustion sections to mechanical
energy
Turbine buckets in size from 1st to the 3rd stage
TURBINE ROTOR
1st stg Turbine Bucket 1st rotating surfaces encountered by the extremely
got gases leaving the 1st stg nozzle
2nd stg Turbine bucket, bigger than 1st stg bucket. Tip of this bucket has
shroud as tip seal.
3rd stg turbine bucket the biggest one. It has also shroud as tip seal on
tip of the bucket
This shroud interlock from bucket to bucket dampen vibration
19
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
1st stg
Nozzle
2nd stg
Nozzle
3rd stg
Nozzle 3rd stg
Bucket
2nd stg
Bucket
1st stg
Bucket
FORWARD
AFT
20
Turbine Stator
21
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Turbine Shell
22
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
23
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Couplings
25
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GE GT MS5002e
GE GT Frame 7
26
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 3
GTG MAINTENANCE
SCHEDULE
27
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Type of Maintenance
Combustion Inspection (1 year)
Combustion chambers
Combustion liners
Cross fire tubes
Fuel Nozzles
Spark Plugs
29
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 4
GT ACCESSORIES AND
SUPPORT SYSTEM
30
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GT ACCESSORIES and
SUPPORT SYSTEM
Accessory Drive
Cooling & Sealing Air
System
Starting System
Lubricating System Fire Protection
System
Cooling System
Ventilation and
Dual Fuel System
Heating System
Atomizing Air System
Hydraulic Supply
System
Trip Oil System
31
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
NOMENCLATURES
ANSI/IEEE C37.2-2008
1 Master Element
2 Time Delay Starting or Closing Relay
3 Checking or Interlocking Relay
4 Master Contactor
5 Stopping Device
6 Starting Circuit Breaker
7 Rate of Change Relay
8 Control Power Disconnecting Device
9 Reversing Device
10 Unit Sequence Switch
11 Multi-function Device
12 Overspeed Device
13 Synchronous-speed Device
14 Underspeed Device
15 Speed or Frequency, Matching Device
16 Data Communications Device
17 Shunting or Discharge Switch
18 Accelerating or Decelerating Device
19 Starting to Running Transition Contactor
20 Electrically Operated Valve (Solenoid Valve)
21 Distance Relay
22 Equalizer Circuit Breaker
23 Temperature Control Device (heater)
24 Volts Per Hertz Relay
25 Synchronizing or Synchronism-Check Device
26 Apparatus Thermal Device (Thermo Switch)
27 Undervoltage Relay
28 Flame detector
29 Isolating Contactor or Switch
30 Annunciator Relay
31 Separate Excitation Device
32 Directional Power Relay (Reverse Power
Relay)
33 Position Switch
34 Master Sequence Device
35 Brush-Operating or Slip-Ring Short-Circuiting
Device
32
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
NOMENCLATURES -2
33
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Abbreviations
34
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Accessory Gear
35
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Accessory Gear - 2
STARTING MEANS
Diesel Engine
37
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
STARTING MEANS
Diesel Engine
Starting Means DE
39
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Starting Means DE
40
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Starting System
41
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lubricating System
Circulating to
Bearing #1 and2,
Generator
Bearings
Reduction gear,
Turbine
Accessory gear
Some of them is
diverted and
filtered to be
used for Control
Fluid by
Hydraulic Control
Devices
42
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lubricating System - 2
43
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
Lubricating System - 3
Components:
Lube reservoir
Main Lube oil pump (Shaft driven,
positive displacement)
Aux Lube Pump and Emergency pump
Pressure relief Valve VR-1 in the main
pump discharge
Lube Fluid HE
Lube Filters
Bearing Header Press Regulator VRP-2
20QN 1: to prevent GT start if LO temp
is low
Lubrication fluid for Main, Aux and
emergency pumps from reservoir
Lubricating fluid for Control from
Bearing Header 925psig = 1.75 bar)
Lubricant must be regulated and maintain
its pressure to meet bearing requirement,
acc lube system and hydraulic control
and trip oil system
Lubricating System - 4
Lubricating System - 5
46
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
47
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Coolant flows to the DE water pump and Turbine shaft-driven water pump
DE is equipped with its own coolant pump which drive water through the DE
cooling jacket
Shaft-driven water pump drives water through the LO and AA HE
After absorbing heat, the coolant is supposed to flows to the radiator, BUT
This cooling water system has been modified which received water supply
from Sea water. The coolant flows to ditch canal
VTR-1 and VTR-2 : temperature actuated 3 way valve to control lube oil and
AA HE temperature respectively by controlling flow of coolant through AA inlet
compressor and Lube oil HE
It has manually operated devices that can override the thermal element when
the thermal element leaks
48
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
49
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
63AD-1 Diff pressure switch is used to monitor the air pressure and initiate
alarm if the pressure across the compressor drops to a level inadequate for
proper atomizing the fuel
AA leaves the compressor and is piped to the AA Manifold, with pigtail piping
providing equal pressure distribution of AA to the 10 Fuel nozzles.
During starting up when Accessory gear is not rotating at full speed, so AA
compressor does not provide enough air, Starting AA booster compressor (CA2) is started and driven using a belt by starting means till 60% of GT Speed
Starting AA compressor at this time has high pressure ration and discharging
through the main AA compressor which as low pressure ratio.
The main AA compressor press ratio increases within increasing turbine speed
(60% speed self sustaining speed) when GT speed > max capability of
starting AA Compressor, DE speed is reduced to idle, the starting AA
compressor speed reduce to 1/3 of the previous speed
The main AA compressor supplies air from the precooler thought check valve,
bypasing the starting AA compressor completely
Pneumatic valve VA-22 to isolate the compressor inlet as soon as the
conditions are fulfilled.
VA-22 will be actuated by regulated air (VPR 68-1) only if 20AB is energized
53
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
AA System on
Duel Fuel Operation
Purge Air
Bypass valve is open, AA is recirculated. After a short time delay, AA system reaches
a lower level, 20PL-1 id energized, to allow air purging the oil passages during running
on gas fuel, to prevent accumulation of oil fuel and fuel oil coking in the fuel nozzle.
AD is used to operate VA19-1 (purge valve) which is controlled by 20PL-1 to allow
purge air flow in to purge air manifold
Purge air system is to minimize fouling, keep fuel nozzle clean, and ready for operation
on liquid fuel
Small flow of air through AA passages of the fuel oil nozzle prevents entry of any
combustion products
VCK 2 1 to 10 check valves to prevent oil fuel enter the purge air system when running on oil
fuel.
Similarly, oil fuel check valves installed in the oil piping to the oil fuel nozzles to insure purge air is
directed to the nozzle, not to the oil fuel system
If any leaks should occur through the purge air check valves when operating on oil fuel, it will drain
out of the purge air manifold through the NO port of VA19-1 to the Tell-Tale leak off piping.
54
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
55
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
56
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
57
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Provide necessary cooling air flow from GT compressor (5th and 11th Stages
and compressor discharge) to parts of GT rotor and stator, covering
59
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
60
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
61
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
62
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 5
GAS TURBINE
CONTROL PHILOSOPHY
TOTAL CONTROL SYSTEM
CONTROL SYSTEM
PROTECTION SYSTEM
SEQUENCING
POWER SUPPLY
63
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GT CONTROL SYSTEM
Start-up / Shutdown sequence and control
(manual and Automatic)
Acceleration Control
Speed/load control (during start up and
Synchronizing)
Exhaust Control (limit turbine internal
components)
Fuel Control System (Liquid and Gas Fuel
Control System)
Dual Fuel System
Modulated VIGV
64
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GT PROTECTION SYSTEM
Functions
Trip GTG when critical parameters are exceeded or control
equipment fails
Shut off fuel flow to the combustion chamber
Contains electrical operated system or mechanical devices
Covers
Flame Detection and Protection System
Over Speed Protection System
Over Temperature Protection System
Vibration Protection
Combustion Monitoring (if any)
65
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
General Philosophy
General Philosophy-2
Monitor
ACCELERATION
MANUAL CONTROL (FSR)
SHUTDOWN
SYNCHRONIZING (NOT in the
Turboline control)
Start Up/Shutdown
Sequence and Control
Start Up/Shutdown
Sequence and Control-2
19.82%
100.3% FSNL
95%
L14HS
(L2F)
15.62%
Temp
Rate
degC
(L2W)
11.62%
t sec
58% L14HA
TTXD
Clutch
disengag
ed
18% L14HM
(L2TV)
Zero
Fire
Warm-up
Accelerate
Min-Max
: 0%
: 15.62%
: 11.62%
: 19.82%
: 0-100%
72
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
74
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Speed/Load Control
78
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Synchronizing
79
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Firing Temperature
80
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Exhaust Temperature
Control FSRT
Temperature Feedback
Temperature Control reference
Temperature reference section
Cold Junction compensation
Cold Junction Scan
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
81
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
Exhaust Temperature
Control FSRT -2
Temperature control software
Determines cold junction compensated
Thermocouple readings
Selects the temp. control set point
Calculates the control set point
Calculates median exhaust temp. value
Compares the value with the set point
Generates FSR to control and limit exhaust
temperature
82
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
83
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Temperature Reference
Select Program
84
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
85
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 6
86
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
87
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
88
89
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Control Components:
63FL-2 - Liquid Fuel PRESSURE
SWITCH
VS1 Fuel Oil STOP Valve
33FL Fuel Oil Stop Valve limit
switch
20CF - Fuel Pump Clutch Solenoid
65FP - Liquid Fuel Pump Bypass
Valve Servo Valve
77FD-1,2,3 - Flow Divider magnetic
pick up
Control Cards
90
Bypass valve bypasses the excess fuel delivered by Main Fuel pump back to the
Pump inlet
Fuel pump clutch solenoid (20CF) will be energized to drive the pump when stop
valve (VS-1) is open (indicated by LS - 33FL) and liquid fuel pressure is enough
(63FL-2)
Control System checks the permissive L4 and L20FLX to allow FSR1 for closing
Bypass valve (closing bypass valve sends fuel to combustors)
Fuel Splitter ensures requisite FSR when FSR1 is active
When 65FP receives signal from the controller, HP hydraulic supply will enter to
servo valve and actuate the bypass valve according to the signal is given from the
controller. Higher signal is given will close the bypass valve
False start drain valve will open because compressor discharge is not high enough
yet to close the valve
When turbine speed reaches firing speed, the DE will hold the firing speed until 2TV
time has completed its cycle
When 20FL is energized, Fuel Oil stop valve (VS-1) will open, stop valve limit
switch 33FL is switched to enable to energize fuel pump solenoid valve (20CF) and
the fuel pump will be driven by the accessory gear
92
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
As fuel flow to the combustors, speed sensors at Flow divider (77FD1,2,3) send signal to the controller. When fuel flow rate = the called-for
rate, Servo Valve 65FP is moved to null position and the bypass valve will
remain stationary until the input signal changes
FSR is multiplied by TNH to make it a function of speed, Net result is
FQROUT a digital liquid fuel commend
At full speed, TNH does not change therefore FQROUT = FSR
Controller will check
93
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Control Components
Gas Supply Pressure Switch 63FG
will initiate an alarm whenever pressure
drops lower that setpoint
Gas Fuel Solenoid Valve 20 FG will
vent gas in P2 line when the solenoid is
de-energized. 20FG is energized to
close the vent when L4 master control
protection is energized
Fuel Gas Transducers 96FG-2A, - 2B,
2C
4 LVDT 96SR-1/2 and 96GC-1/2
2 Servo Valves - 65GC and 90SR
94
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
LVDT
95
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
96
Controlled by
Gas Speed Stop/Ratio Valve
(SRV)
Gas Control valve (GCV)
P1
P2
P3
VH-5
P3
SRV
P3
GCV
To Turbine
97
pressure (P2)
Any emergency Trip or normal shutdown will close the valve to shut
off the gas fuel by dumping hydraulic oil supply to the tank
99
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
100
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
101
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Fuel Splitter
Fuel Transfer from Liquid to Gas
Liquid Fuel Purge
Fuel Transfer from Gas to Liquid
Mixed Fuel Operation
Fuel Splitter
FSR1 for Liquid fuel command
FSR2 for Gas
FSR = FSR1 + FSR2
102
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
105
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
106
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
107
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
108
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
109
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Operation
During a normal start-up, IGVs are held in the full-closed position until the proper
temperature corrected speed is reached, at which time, the IGV will begin to open.
The IGV remain in the minimum full-open position till 20 % load,
The compressor bleed valves will close when the generator breaker is closed to maintain
compressor surge margin
When in Simple Cycle mode (IGV temperature control mode is not activated), the IGVs are
held at the minimum full speed angle until the simple cycle IGV exhaust temperature setpoint
is reached (approximately 167C below the base temperature control setpoint with the same
PCD bias ).
For Steam Generating applications which require exhaust temperature control by inlet guide
vanes, the IGVs are held at the minimum full speed angle until combined cycle IGV exhaust
temperature control setpoint is reached.
As output increases, the IGV is held at this minimum angle until IGV temperature control
setpoint is reached (point B). Between point B and point C, IGV is opened to maintain
setpoint temperatures as output is further increased.
At point C, IGV is at its full-open position and upon further increase in output the turbine will
reach its BASE temperature limit (point D).
The operator can activate or deactivate the IGV temperature control mode at any time via the
panel selector switch. The control system will automatically reprogram the IGV to the correct
position in a controlled rate.
Manual open/close softswitches are provided to manually position the IGV between the
minimum full speed angle and full open. This control should only be used in special
circumstances to limit the travel (amount opened) of the IGV.
The manual control has authority to command an IGV angle only when LESS THAN that
being called for by the automatic control system. In normal operations the manual control is
set at full open.
110
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Exhaust Temperature
Control vs IGV Curve
Te
mp
Load
increase
Steam
generation
co
ntr
ol
Se
tpo
int
Full Load,
Base Load
Full Open
Simple
Cycle
Adjusting IGV
It is used for generating
steam, where maximum
exhaust temperature is
desired
It will automatically hold the
IGV at minimum angle during
part load operation
Curve shows the IGV is
positioned to the minimum full
speed angle at the end of start
up.
111
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
(CSRVPS)
Base Load
Full Load
steam
6.7/%
TNHCOR
20%
Load
10
Ba C b
se elo
TX w
SE
T
91%
16
7
Ba C
se be
TX low
SE
T
57
Rota
ting
Stall
Regio
n
Full Open at
Full Load
32
0%
FSNL
14HS
TNHCOR
112
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Speed TNH
IGV
PART
SPEED
REF.
INLET
GUIDE
VANE
REF.
IGV Reference
IGV
Part
Speed
Ref
113
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 7
GT PROTECTION SYSTEM
114
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
GT PROTECTION SYSTEM
Flame Detection and
Protection System
Over Speed
Protection System
Over Temperature
Protection System
Vibration Protection
Combustion
Monitoring
115
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
OVER SPEED
PROTECTION SYSTEM
The control system is designed to protect
GT against damage caused by overspeed
of the turbine shaft
During Normal Operation, the turbine
shaft is controlled by Speed control &
Temperature control loops
Overspeed protection systems will trip the
Fuel Stop Valve(s) closed when the
turbine speed exceeds the trip setting.
117
Overspeed Protections
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Consists of
Overspeed bolt assembly, mounted inside the accessory gear shaft is used to sense
the turbine speed
It is a spring loaded, eccentrically located bolt assembled in a cartridge and
designed so that the adjustable spring force holds the bolt in the seated position until
the trip speed is reached
As the turbine speed increases causes the centrifugal forces acting on the bolt to
exceed the spring force and the bolt moves outward in less than one shaft revolution
where it contacts and trips the overspeed mechanism
Overspeed trip mechanism is mounted on the accessory gear, adjacent to the
overspeed bolt assembly
When actuated, the overspeed bolt assembly trips the latching trip finger of the OS
trip mechanism, which causes to release the trip valve to dump hydraulic oil in the
pilot dump valve cylinder of SRV/Stop Valve and close the SRV/Stop valve, shut off
fuel flow and shut down the GT.
The OS trip mechanism may be tripped manually and must be reset manually.
119
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Over Speed
PROTECTION Schematic
Mechanical Bolt
Assembly
120
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Over Temperature
PROTECTION SYSTEM
Protects the GT against possible damage caused by
overfiring
In normal operation, the exhaust temp control system
reacts to regulate the fuel flow when the firing
temperature limit is reached
In case of exhaust temperature (TTXM) or fuel low
exceeds the control limit (TTRX), OT protection system
initiates an alarm (L30TXA) prior to tripping the GT
If the temperature (TTXM) increase event higher than
TTRXB + trip margin (TTKOT2), or,
It TTXM is higher than Isothermal trip set point
(TTKOT1), the GT is tripped
121
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Over Temperature
PROTECTION SCHEMATIC
122
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
VIBRATION
PROTECTION SYSTEM
Sensors (39V) are located on selected bearing housing of the GT, load
reduction gear and driven load
Type of sensors:
Velocity Probes (EMF is generated in a coil if it is moved thorough a
magnetic field)
Proximity Probes (non contact probe operating on the edy current
principle)
Accelerometer Probes
The controller will detect excessive vibration and sensor faults, annunciates
alarms and trips the GT
Vibration protection software will display several alarm message such as:
Vibration Sensor disabled when input channel is disabled
High Vibration Alarm when any vibration signal exceeds the alarm
setpoint for more than the specified time
Vibration Transducer Fault when a short or open transducer Fault is
detected for more than the specified time. GT operation is not
interrupted but indicates that maintenance or replacement is required 123
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
124
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Combustion Monitoring
125
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Display Messages
126
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
127
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Lesson 8
GENERATOR
CONTROL & AVR
128
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Generator Ventilation
ENCLO
SURE
MAG.
CORE
ROTOR
wDG
MV
PLATFORM
EXHAUST
DUCT
EXCITER
REDUC
TION
GEAR
MEASUR
EMENT
RING
GEN HTR
Vibration BASE
Detector
TC OIL
OUTLET
FANS
TC COLD
AIR
RETAINING
EARTH
RING
ROTOR
GRD
STATOR
PLUG
WDG
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
FANS
TC HOT
AIR
BEARING
129
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
Generator
GENERATOR
BEARING NO.3 SIDE
REDUCTION GEAR
130
SIDE
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
Generator Measurement
Stator
Thermocouples
Bearing
Vibration sensor
Lube oil pressure switch
Thermocouple
Thermometers
Reduction Gear
Vibration Sensors
Thermocouples
Thermometers
Miscellaneous
Rotor Grounding
Rotor Ground detection
Space Heater
131
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Excitation System
-U
-I
-Q
-P
-Q
-S
-F
-T
Bar Temp T1 T6
Hot Air Temp
Cold Air Temp
T7-T8
T9 T10
133
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Transfer switch 43S provides for selection of Auto or Manual (back up) AVR
Automatic Excitation is a close loop system controlled by AVR,
regulates generator output at rated voltage 11KV according to change
of the load
Manual Excitation is controlled by separate source
As the load increase, generator voltage tends to decrease, AVR will
increase excitation current to allow generator voltage back to the rated
voltage
Stator side of the exciter is fed by regulated DC current from AVR
It induces rotated rotor of the exciter to produce AC current and then
rectified to be 236 volts and 0 481 Amp, to generate 11KV, 50Hz, 38MVA
134
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Generator CP System
TI3
G2
PPT Exc.
Trafo
TP1
Exc.
Voltage
V,I
Sensor
135
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
DISADVANTAGES
Requires maintenance, adjustment & inspections.
Produces brush drop, spark, noise & friction loss.
Limits maximum speed of the machine.
Brushes assembly on a large machine is a costly
element.
ADVANTAGES
Life of motor using brushless excitation
significantly
longer compared to a motor using brushes.
It reduces noise.
Loss should be reduced, i.e brush drop.
It reduces the maintenance and replacement.
Less maintenance cost.
136
It reduces spark, wear & tear.
EXCITATION FAULTS
Excitation Transformer
Overheating 1st step
Excitation Transformer
Overheating 2nd step
Excitation rectifier Fuse
Flashing too long
Excitation Over current 1st step
Excitation Over current 2nd step
Voltage regulator power supply
Voltage regulator measuring
Excitation Rotating Diode
Loss of excitation
137
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
138
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Exciter - Specification
V
I
PF
Speed
No, of pole
No. of Phase
236 volt
481 Amp
0.9
- 3000 rpm
- 10
-5
Armature
V
I
- 236 V
- 481 A
Filed
V
I
No. of Pole
No. of Coil
- 35V
- 55A
-8
- 3 / pole
139
By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko
Q - VAR
P - Watt
S Volt Amp
140
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
Generator Capability vs
Ambient Temp
P1
P2
141
T1
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
142
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
QUESTION
&
ANSWER
143
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
THANK YOU
FOR
YOUR ATTENTION
Please do not hesitate to contact me at
0813 140 78900
[email protected]
FOR TRAINING PURPOSE ONLY
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By: Bambang Tri Priatmoko