Australian/New Zealand Standard: Vehicle Support Stands
Australian/New Zealand Standard: Vehicle Support Stands
AS/NZS 2538:1995
AS/NZS 2538:1995
This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical
Committee CS/43, Vehicle Stands and Vehicle Ramps. It was approved on behalf of
the Council of Standards Australia on 25 January 1995 and on behalf of the Council
of Standards New Zealand on 31 January 1995. It was published on 5 June 1995.
PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Joint Australia /New Zealand Standards Committee CS/43
on Vehicle Stands and Vehicle Ramps.
The objective of this Standard is to ensure, through performance requirements, that vehicle
support stands (also known as axle stands or jack stands) are sufficiently robust so that they
will not fail under normal conditions of use, and to ensure that axle stands are constructed
and designed so that they will be stable and will not damage the vehicle when used in the
correct manner.
The objective of this revision is to include the latest technology and testing procedures. The
Standard was originally prepared in response to a request by the Defence Standardization
Committee which felt that its experience of unsatisfactory performance of vehicle support
stands in the defence field would also be of concern to the general public that uses similar
stands for domestic purposes.
The term normative has been used in this Standard to indicate that the appendix to which
it applies is an integral part of the Standard.
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AS/NZS 2538:1995
CONTENTS
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SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY AND OVERLOAD CAPACITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INSTRUCTIONS FOR ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MARKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PACKAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDICES
A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF STABILITY FACTOR .
B TEST FOR RELEASE UNDER LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C TEST FOR STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D OVERLOAD TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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1789
1790
2105
DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply.
3.1 Vehicle support standa device of fixed or adjustable height onto which an
appropriate part, e.g. axle or chassis, of a raised vehicle is lowered and supported for the
purpose of maintenance or storage of the vehicle. Where the device is of adjustable height,
the height is not intended to be varied when the device is loaded.
NOTE: Vehicle support stands may be of either fixed height or adjustable height. Some typical
vehicle support stands are illustrated in Figure 1.
3.2 Vehiclea passenger car, passenger car derivative or multipurpose passenger car as
defined by the Australian Design Rules or the New Zealand Vehicle Standard Regulations,
a goods-carrying vehicle or a towed unit such as a caravan or a trailer.
3.3 Nominated capacitythe capacity nominated by the manufacturer as the maximum
load that is to be supported by a single vehicle support stand.
NOTE: The nominated capacity must be marked on the stand (see Clause 8(b)).
3.4 Base planethe plane of contact between the base of the vehicle support stand and the
surface upon which it rests.
3.5 Projected plan area of the basethe maximum area in the base plane described by
joining up the points of contact of the vehicle support stand with the base plane. (See
Figure 2.)
3.6 Projected plan area of the engagement headthe area obtained by projecting the
engagement head vertically downward onto the base plane. (See Figure 3.)
3.7 Stability factora measure of the ability of a vehicle support stand to resist tipping
as a result of its geometric design.
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FIGURE 1
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FIGURE 4
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4.2 Capacity The minimum nominated capacity of a vehicle support stand shall be not
less than 750 kg.
4.3 Stability factor When determined by the method described in Appendix A, the
stability factor shall be not less than 7.0.
4.4 Engagement head The engagement head of a vehicle support stand shall
(a) have a projected plan area of at least 3000 mm2; and
(b) be capable of retaining a cylindrical bar of 100 mm nominal diameter when the head
cap is inclined at 5 to the horizontal.
NOTE: This is intended to provide a test of the shape of the head cap and its ability to retain a
100 mm diameter axle housing.
4.5 Adjustable height stands Where a vehicle support stand incorporates a means of
adjusting its height, the stand shall comply with the following:
(a) The height adjustment mechanism shall
(i)
be permanently attached to the stand;
(ii)
be capable of easy and positive adjustment when the stand is not loaded;
(iii)
be such that it cannot support a load when extended beyond the manufacturers
claimed maximum height; and
(iv)
for stands where sudden release is possible, not release under load, when tested
in accordance with Appendix B.
(b) Pin type adjustment shall be permanently attached to the stand and shall include
(i)
a device on the pin to prevent over-inserting; and
(ii)
if other than a simple pin, a design feature such that the stand cannot be used
unless all parts of the device are fully engaged.
NOTE: For a stand with a pin type adjustment, the pin is to be attached to the stand by means
of a metal linkage, e.g. chain or flexible wire.
(c)
The vehicle support stand shall be designed so that, except in those designs where the
sides of the columns are brought into parallel alignment by the application of a load,
when the upper column is extended to its highest possible position the angle formed
by the axes of the upper and base portions due to clearances between these portions is
not greater than 1.5.(See Figure 4.)
4.6 Finish
4.6.1 Surfaces Finished surfaces shall not have any hazardous projections and the edges
shall be rounded or bevelled or otherwise treated to prevent injury to the operator.
4.6.2 Protective coating A corrosion protection coating shall be applied to the vehicle
support stand, except for mating or sliding parts.
NOTES:
1 The purpose of this Clause is to prevent excessive rusting.
2 Although any suitable protective coating may be used, the protective coating is to be applied
using good commercial practice.
3 Some examples of suitable protective coatings are specified in AS 1192, AS 1789, AS 1790 and
AS 2105.
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5.1 Structural integrity When tested in accordance with Appendix C, a vehicle support
stand shall support a force of 1.5 times its nominated capacity and shall not break, fracture
or permanently deform by more than 1% of its original height and shall remain capable of
easy and positive adjustment throughout its range of travel.
5.2 Overload capacity When tested in accordance with Appendix D, a vehicle stand shall
support a force of 3 times its nominated capacity and shall not break, fracture or permanently
deform by more than 5% of its original height.
6 INSTRUCTIONSFOR ASSEMBLY Where assembly is required, adequate instruction
shall be provided to enable correct assembly of the stands.
7 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE Each stand shall be supplied with clear instructions
explaining the safe use of the stand. The instructions shall include the following
recommendations:
(a)
(b)
(c)
Check that no part of the underbody of the vehicle will foul as the stands are
positioned.
(d)
(e)
8 MARKING Each vehicle support stand shall be permanently and legibly marked in
English with the following information:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
9 PACKAGING If the vehicle support stands are packaged, then the following
information shall be clearly marked on the packaging:
(a)
The height lowered, in millimetres, being the minimum height of the engagement
head.
(b)
The height raised, in millimetres, being the maximum height of the engagement head.
(c)
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APPENDIX A
A3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Select a point Q on the upper face of the engagement head so that it is the furthest
point from the axis of the stand (see Figure A1).
If it is possible to rotate the engagement head relative to the base of the stand, do so
until point Q is at its closest position to the perimeter of the projected plan area of the
base (see Figure A2).
Measure the distance from the vertical projection of point Q on the base plane to the
perimeter of the projected plan area of the base. This is dimension c of the stability
factor equation (see Figure A3).
Measure the perpendicular height of Q above the base plane. This distance is dimension
a in the stability factor equation.
Calculate the stability factor using the following formula:
Stability factor
c
( ) 60
a
10
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APPENDIX B
(b)
B4
(a)
Position the vehicle support stand in its intended work orientation on a hard, flat
surface.
(b)
Adjust the height of the stand to a position above the minimum height of the stand.
NOTE: It is not necessary to adjust the height of the stand to its maximum for this test. It is
not intended that this be a test of the stability of the stand.
(c)
Lower the test mass gently onto the engagement head, ensuring that it is centrally
located with respect to the projected plan area of the base.
(d)
Gradually apply a force, equal to 10% of the force applied by the action of gravity on
the test mass, to the height adjustment release mechanism in a direction which would
cause the mechanism to release.
NOTE: Assume that the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 for the purpose of calculating
the applied force.
(e)
B5
(a)
(b)
Whether or not the height adjustment mechanism released when the specified force was
applied.
(c)
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APPENDIX C
(ii)
(iii)
and capable of applying the appropriate force and having a means of indicating the
force being applied. Alternatively, a suitable rig which employs a weight of appropriate
mass to apply the force may be used.
(b)
(c)
(d)
A 50 mm diameter metal rod through which the force can be transmitted to the
engagement head.
(e)
A suitably large, hard, flat surface such as metal, onto which the vehicle support stand
is stood and tested.
C4
(a)
Position the vehicle support stand so that it is in the least stable configuration (see
Appendix A) and measure the height a shown in Figure A3.
(b)
Align the axis of the 50 mm diameter rod vertically so that it passes through the point
Q on the periphery of the engagement head (see Figure A1).
(c)
Gradually apply a force via the rod to the engagement head and increase the force to
1.5 times the nominated capacity and then hold for 60 s.
(d)
(e)
Manually adjust the height of the stand through its full range of travel.
C5
(a)
The loss of height, if any, which occurred, expressed as a percentage of the original
height a.
(b)
Mode of failure.
(c)
Whether or not it was possible to manually adjust the height of the stand through its
full range of travel.
(d)
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APPENDIX D
OVERLOAD TEST
(Normative)
D1 SCOPE This Appendix sets out a method for determining the vehicle stands ability
to support a force equal to 3 times its nominated capacity.
D2
(a)
(ii)
(iii)
and capable of applying the appropriate force and having a means of indicating the
force being applied. Alternatively, a suitable rig which employs a weight of appropriate
mass to apply the force may be used.
(b)
(c)
(d)
A 50 mm diameter metal rod through which the force can be transmitted to the
engagement head.
(e)
A suitably large, hard, flat surface such as metal, onto which the vehicle support stand
is stood and tested.
D3
(a)
Position the vehicle support stand so that it is in the least stable configuration (see
Appendix A) and measure the height a shown in Figure A3.
(b)
Align the axis of the 50 mm rod horizontally so that it passes through the centre of the
engagement head.
(c)
Gradually apply a force to the centre of the engagement head and increase the force to
3 times the nominated capacity and then hold for 60 s.
(d)
D4
(a)
The loss of height, if any, which occurred, expressed as a percentage of the original
height a (see Clause 5.2).
(b)
(c)
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