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  • Lab 10 - Proximity Sensors and Switches: Format

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    Hasrat Ahmad Abdullah
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    This lab involves using proximity sensors and switches to test different targets and their sensing capabilities. Students will connect sensors to a PLC and observe LED responses when bringing targets near the sensors. They will create a table with sensing distances and observations. The lab also introduces PLC programming using DirectSoft tutorials and sample programs. Students will run the programs, make logic changes, and describe the program operations. A report describing sensor observations and answering questions is required.

    Original Description:

    PLC introduction

    Original Title

    10-Proximity PLC Intro

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    This lab involves using proximity sensors and switches to test different targets and their sensing capabilities. Students will connect sensors to a PLC and observe LED responses when bringing targets near the sensors. They will create a table with sensing distances and observations. The lab also introduces PLC programming using DirectSoft tutorials and sample programs. Students will run the programs, make logic changes, and describe the program operations. A report describing sensor observations and answering questions is required.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pdf or txt
    98 views5 pages

    Lab 10 - Proximity Sensors and Switches: Format

    Uploaded by

    Hasrat Ahmad Abdullah
    This lab involves using proximity sensors and switches to test different targets and their sensing capabilities. Students will connect sensors to a PLC and observe LED responses when bringing targets near the sensors. They will create a table with sensing distances and observations. The lab also introduces PLC programming using DirectSoft tutorials and sample programs. Students will run the programs, make logic changes, and describe the program operations. A report describing sensor observations and answering questions is required.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    Lab 10 Proximity Sensors and Switches

    Lab 10-1

    Lab 10 Proximity Sensors and Switches


    Format
    This lab will be conducted during your regularly scheduled lab time in a group format. I
    strongly recommend that you rotate roles during the lab - don't let one person do all of the
    programming at the computer. You may ask the lab instructor for assistance if needed, but
    successful completion of the lab is your responsibility.
    Report
    A short individual informal report is due for this lab at 8:00 AM on the Thursday of the week
    after you perform the lab. This short report may be neatly handwritten, and should be stapled
    in the upper left-hand corner. At a minimum, all of the information specifically requested in
    this lab handout must be present in your report. As part of your report, please include a brief
    description of the objective of this lab. (Yes, in this one case, education can be an
    objective, but you should be specific about what material is being used in the education.)
    Procedures
    10.1 Testing Different Proximity Switches:
    Four different proximity switches will be provided. The switches will be connected to a
    PLC. As you bring different targets to close (a relative term) proximity to the different
    sensors, LEDs on the PLC rack will go on or off, depending on the normal state of the
    switches (open or closed). For each of the sensors, you are to determine the capability of the
    sensor in determining the proximity of each of a different set of targets. Capability
    includes, among other things, distance to the target, and angle of incidence (is the target at
    an angle with respect to the switches sensing axis?).
    There are 7 target objects to be detected for each of the sensors as given in the table below:
    Objects to be sensed:
    washer
    disk
    disk
    Piece of wood (terminal strip mount)
    plastic cup
    metallic foil
    metal strip (shim-stock)

    Material:
    Steel
    Aluminum
    Brass
    Wood
    Plastic
    Aluminum
    Steel

    Sensing distance
    Object
    Sensor

    Figure L10-1. Sensing Distance Definition

    Lab 10 Proximity Sensors and Switches

    Lab 10-2

    For each switch and object combination,


    1. Record the approximate distance at which the object is sensed, i.e., when
    the LED signal on the PLC changes.
    2. Record whether the light goes on when object is sensed (NO-normally
    open), or if the light goes off when object is sensed (NC-normally
    closed).
    3. Record any effects due to the target being at an angle to the sensor.

    Outside of Lab:
    1. Create a table that clearly presents the information requested above.
    2. For each sensor, write a brief paragraph that describes your observations of the
    strengths and weaknesses of each sensor. (There will not necessarily be a great
    difference between some of the sensors.)

    Lab 10 Proximity Sensors and Switches

    Lab 10-3

    10.2 PLC Programming DirectSoft Tutorial


    Follow the steps given in the DirectSoft tutorial a single copy is provided for each PLC
    station. When you are finished with this tutorial, you should be familiar with the following:

    Starting a new ladder diagram (called a project in DirectSoft)


    Inserting and deleting entire rungs from the ladder diagram
    Creating nicknames and comments
    Inserting and editing individual elements in a ladder diagram
    N.O and N.C. contacts
    Output coils
    Timers and counters
    End statement (one required for each program!)
    Downloading an edited program to the PLC
    Monitoring the status of the inputs and outputs on the PLC screen

    10.3 PLC Program - Sample1

    Load the program Sample1 (look under File/Open Project on menu bar).
    Download the program to the PLC by clicking on the
    icon

    You can monitor the status of the PLC program by entering the debug
    mode through either the menu bar (Debug / All Status On) or by clicking
    the
    icon
    Execute the program several times (by pressing the appropriate pushbutton on the
    operator interface panel). What does it do?
    Change the NC contacts C41 to NO contacts (see the comments below for tips on editing
    a DirectSoft ladder diagram). How does program Sample1 work now?

    Note Solenoid and limit switch assignments are shown in Figure L10-2,
    pushbutton and indicator light assignments are shown in Figure L10-3.

    Outside of lab:
    1. Sketch the ladder logic diagram for both cases described in 10.3.
    2. Give a brief description of the operation of each configuration. Demonstrate that
    you truly know what the program is doing. Make sure that you answer any
    questions listed above.

    Lab 10 Proximity Sensors and Switches

    Lab 10-4

    Operator Interface
    Panel
    Solenoid Valves
    X1 (N.O.)

    Fan
    activated
    by Y5

    X7 (N.C.)

    X6 (N.C.)

    X0 (N.O.)
    activated by Y1
    X3 (N.O.)
    activated by Y2
    activated by Y4

    X2 (N.O.)

    Figure L10-2. Solenoid and Limit Switch Assignments

    Operator Interface Panel


    Write to internal contacts C12
    - C17 to turn on the lamps

    Read from internal contacts


    C40 - C50 to read status of the
    pushbuttons

    C12

    C13

    C40

    C41

    C42

    C14

    C15

    C43

    C44

    C45

    C16

    C17

    C46

    C47

    C50

    Figure L10-3. Pushbutton and Indicator Light Assignments

    Lab 10 Proximity Sensors and Switches

    Lab 10-5

    10.4 PLC Program Sample2

    Load the program Sample2.

    Download the program to the PLC.

    Execute the program several times. What does it do?

    Change the NO contacts X3 to a N.O. contact Y2. How does program Sample2 work
    now?

    Outside of lab:
    1. Sketch the ladder logic diagram for both cases described in 10.4.
    2. Give a brief description of the operation of each configuration. Demonstrate that
    you truly know what the program is doing. Make sure that you answer any
    questions listed above.
    10.5 PLC Program Sample3

    Create the program shown below and name it Sample3 .


    Download the program to the PLC and execute the program several times. What does it
    do?
    Change the N.C. contacts X1 to N.O. contacts. How does program Sample3 work now?

    Outside of lab:
    1. Sketch the ladder logic diagram for both cases described in 10.3.
    2. Give a brief description of the operation of each configuration. Demonstrate that
    you truly know what the program is doing. Make sure that you answer any
    questions listed above.

    Figure L10-4. Ladder diagram for PLC program Sample3.

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