criminology board exam reviewer

Home

Criminalistics

L.E.A.

Law

Crime Detection

Criminal Sociology

Correction

Blog

Contact Us

Patrol organization and operation

1

Law enforcement jobs

Criminology
Public arrest records
Patrol - from french patrouiller - to paddle, paw
about, patrol.
- keep watch over an area by regularly
walking or traveling around or
through it.
- a person or group of people sent to
keep watch over an area.
Patrol officers - are uniformed officers assigned
to monitor specific geographical areas, that is to
move through their areas at regular intervals
looking out for any signs of problems of any kind.
History of Patrol
1. Ancient China - law enforcement was carried
out by prefect. Prefects were
government officials appointed by local
magistrates who reported to higher
authorities such as the governors who in turn
were appointed by head of state
usually the emperor of the dynasty.

Community policing - is the process by which

an organized group of citizens devoted a time to
crime prevention within a neighborhood. When
suspecting criminal activities, members are
encourage to contact the authorities and not to
intervene.
Beat patrol - the deployment of officers in a
given community, area or locality to prevent and
deter criminal activity and to provide day to day
services to the community.
Sting Operations - organized groups of
detectives who deceived criminals into openly
committing illegal acts of conspiring to engage in
criminal activity.
Hotspots of Crime - the view that a significant
portion of all police calls in cities typically radiate
from a relatively few locations.
Models of Policing
1. Neighborhood Oriented Policing - a philosophy

2. Ancient Greece - publicly owned slaves were

used by magistrates as police.
In Athens, a group of 300 Scythian slaves (rodbearers) was used to guard
public meetings to keep order and for crowd
control and also assisted with
dealing with criminal, handling prisoners and
making arrests.
3. Roman empire - the army rather than a
dedicated police organization provided
security. Local watchmen were hired by cities
to provide some extra security.
Magistrates such as procurators, fiscals and
quaestros investigated crime.
Under the reign of Augustus, 14 wards were
created, the wards were protected
by seven squads of 1000 men called vigiles
who acted as firemen and night
watchmen. Their duties included
apprehending thieves and robbers and
capturing run away slaves. The vigiles were
supported by the urban cohorts
who acted as a heavy duty riot force and
praetorian guard if necessary.

praetorian guard - bodyguards used

by roman emperors.

urban cohorts - were created by

Augustus to counter balance the enormous
power of the praetorian guard in the city of Rome
and serve as the police force.

vigiles - (watchmen of the city) - were

the firefighters and police of ancient Rome.

ward - a subdivision of a municipality.

4. Medieval England - the Anglo-Saxon system
of maintaining public order since
the Norman conquest was a private system of
tithing, led by a constable to
enforce the law.

of
police suggesting that problem solving is best
done
at the neighborhood level, where issues
originate
not at a far-off central headquarters.
2. Pro Active Policing - aggressive law
enforcement
style in which patrol officers take the initiative
against crime instead of waiting for criminal
acts to
occur.
3. Problem Oriented Policing - a style of police
management that stresses pro active problem
solving instead of reactive crime fighting.
4.Community Oriented Policing - programs
designed
to bring the police and the public closer
together
and create more cooperative working
environment
between them.
5. Reactive Policing - the opposite of Pro Active
policing where the police wait for crime to
occur.
Blue Curtain - describes the secrecy and
insulation
from others in society that is a consequence of
the police subculture.
Cynicism - the belief that most peoples actions
are motivated solely by personal needs and
selfishness.
Civilian Review Board - ex. PLEB - organized
citizen groups that examine police misconduct.
Watchman - style of policing characterized by
an emphasis on maintaining public order.
Fleeing Felon Rule - the oldest standard
relating to the use of deadly force.

tithing - was a grouping of 10

households.

constable - is a person holding a

particular office most commonly in law
enforcement. The office of constable can vary
significantly in different jurisdiction.

Beats - designated police patrol areas.

5. Spain - modern police in Europe has a

precedent in the Hermandus or
(brotherhood) - peace keeping association of
individuals, a characteristic of
municipal life in medieval Spain. The first
recorded case of the formation of the
hermandad occurred when the towns and the
peasantry of the north united to
police the pilgrim road to Santiago de
compostela in galicia and protect the
pilgrims against robber knights.

Deadly Force - police killing of a suspect who

resists arrest or presents a danger to an officer
or the community.

6. France - The first police force in the modern

sense was created by the
government of king Louis XIV in 1667 to police
the city of Paris, then the largest

Internal Affairs - unit that investigates

allegations of police misconduct.

Booking - the administrative record of an arrest

listing the offenders name, address, physical
description, date of birth, time of arrest, offense
and name of arresting officer. It also include
photographing and fingerprinting of the offender.
Line Up - placing a suspect in a group for the
purpose of being viewed and identified by a
witness.
Stop and Frisk - the situation in which police
officers who are suspicious of an individual run

city in Europe.
7. Britain and Ireland - in England, a system of
sheriffs, reeves and investigative
juries to provide basic security and law
enforcement.

Sheriff - is a contraction of the term

"shire-reeve" - designated a royal official
responsible for keeping the peace through out a
shire or county on behalf of the king.

Reeve - a senior official with local

responsibilities under the crown. ex., chief
magistrate of a town or district.

Shire - traditional term for a division of

land in the UK and Australia.

Jury - is a sworn body of people

convened to render impartial verdict officially
submitted to them by a court or to set a penalty
or judgement.

Thief taker - a private individual hired

to capture criminal.

Bow street runners - London's first

professional police force.

Henry Fielding - a magistrate

educated at Elton college who founded the Bow
street runners originally numbered just six.

Statute of Winchester - in 1285,

obliged the authorities of every town to keep a
watch at the city gates and arrest all suspicious
night walkers.

Sir Robert Peel - prime minister of

England from Dec. 1834 to April 1835 and again
From Aug.1841 to June 1846. While home
secretary, help create the modern concept of the
police force leading to officers being known as
bobbies in England and peelers in Ireland.

Patrick Colquhoun - (1745 - 1820) - a

Scottish merchant and a magistrate who founded
the first regular preventive police force in
England, the Thames river police.
8. In the US - the first city police services were
established in Philadelphia in 1751, Boston 1838
and new york 1845.

August Vollmer - first police chief of

Berkeley California. He is sometimes called the
father of modern law enforcement in the US.
1. He was the first chief to require that
police officers attain college degrees.
2. First police chief to create a
motorized
force placing officers on
motorcycles
and cars so that they could patrol
broader
areas with greater efficiency .
3. He was also the first to use the lie
detector
in police work.

their hands lightly over the suspects outer

garments to determine if the person is carrying a
concealed weapon. Also called Inquiry of Pat
Down.
Foot Patrol - police patrol that takes officer out
of cars and puts them in walking beat to
strengthen ties with the community.
Excited Delirium - an overdose of adrenaline
that can occur in heated confrontation with the
police.
* Patrol reduces crime by creating an impression
of
omnipresence.
Responding to Crime - total response time
is comprised of four dimensions.
1. Discovery Time - interval between the
commission
of the crime and its discovery.
2. Reporting Time - interval between the
discovery
of the crime and when it is reported to the
police.
3. Processing Time - interval between receiving
the
call and dispatching the officers for service.
4. Travel time - the amount of time it takes for
the
police to travel to the scene of the crime.
The Phantom Effect - "residual deterrence"
most people believe that the police is present
even when the are not in sight.
Sworn Date - the date that a sworn employee
took the oath of office for their position.
Advantages of Foot/Bicycle Patrol
1. Increased personal contact between the police
and
citizen.
2. Increased observation ability.
3. Increased ability to gather information
4. Economical
Advantages of Motorized Patrol
1. Increased speed and mobility
2. Increased conspicuousness
3. Availability of additional equipment
4. Increased transportation capability
5. Deceased response time
6. Communications
Basic Preventive Patrol Methods Utilized by
an Officer
1. Frequent check and contact with business
premises
2. Frequent check of suspicious persons
3. Fluctuating patrol patterns
4. Maintenance of visibility and personal contact
5. Daily individual patrol and community action
plan

1.
2.
3.

O.W. Wilson - studied under August

Vollmer. Became Chief of Police of the Fullerton
police department. He also became chief of
police of the Wichita police department. He
introduced the following reforms and
innovations:
requires new policeman to have college
education.
use of police car for patrol, mobile radios
and use of a mobile crime laboratory.
he believe that the use of a two way
radio allowed better supervision of patrol
officers.
What are the 3 main task of supervision?
1. Organize - means planning the work of the
department and of the personnel in an orderly
manner.
2. Delegate - means giving someone else the
responsibility and authority to do
something.The
supervisor confers upon a subordinate officer
the
same authority and responsibility that the
supervisor possesses to accomplish the
specific task
The supervisor remain responsible for the
completion of the delegated task.
3. Oversee - means that the supervisor ensures
that
the work that has been organized and
delegated is
satisfactorily completed.

Factors to be Considered in Becoming

Familiar with the Community
1. General population information
2. Appropriate geographical information
3. Recent criminal activity
4. Specific factors that may influence patrol
functions
ex. location of hospitals, high crime areas,
community habits.
How to Prepare for a Normal Patrol Shift
1. Gathering information through crime reports
and
briefings
2. Gathering needed materials ex. report forms,
citation books
3. Obtaining and checking equipment
4. Planning work around identified priorities
5. Preparing daily patrol and community action
plan
What an Officer on Night time Patrol
Should be Looking for
1. broken glasses
2. open doors and windows
3. pry marks
4. suspicious vehicles
5. persons on foot
6. differences in normal lighting (on or Off)
7. unusual sounds
8. access to roof tops or upper floors
Definition of Terms
1. Section - a primary subdivision of a bureau
with a
department wide responsibility for providing a
specific specialized functions.
2. Unit - a subdivision of a section usually small
in
size with personnel assigned to perform a
specialized activity, one or two employees
performing assigned
work.
3. Squad - a subdivision of a unit.
4. Detail - a subdivision of a squad.
5. Precinct -the primary geographic subdivision
of
the patrol operation bureau.
6. Sector - the primary geographic subdivision
of a
precinct, supervised by a sergeant.
7. Beat - the primary subdivision of a sector.
8. Watch/Shift - one of several tours of duty.
9. Post - a fixed geographic location usually
assigned
to an individual officer.
10.Task Force - an adhoc work group normally
established by bureau commander to respond
to a
specific incident or series of related incidents.
Task
Force assignment is temporary.
11.Chief of Police - overall commander of the
department.

12.Chain of Command - a fundamental

component
of proper supervision.The chain of command
requires that each employee reports and is
accountable to only one direct supervisor.

Create a free website with

o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o

Police
Photography
>
definition
of
terms
Personal
police
Identification
photography
review
notes
personal
Medicine
identification
reviewer
Lie
Detection
and
medicine
Interrogation
definition
>
of
terms
1NO.
2
3
4
lie
Ballistics
detection
>Administration
and
interrogation
reviewer
definition
1
of
2
3
4
5
6
7
Questioned
Documents
ballistics
>
reviewer
8
questioned
document
definition
reviewer
11of
terms
Forensic
forensic
Chemistry
chemistry
and
Toxicology
definition
>
of
terms
reviewer
1
2
toxicology
reviewer
1Terms
criminalistics
Administration
review
Of
Police
questions
Organization
2
>terms
administration
of
police
organization
1
2
Patrol
Organization
Operational
Planning
And
Operation
Intelligence
And
Secret
Service
intelligence
secret
service
Industrial
Law
Enforcement
Security
Management
review
questions
Law
(Book
1)
2)
>>
Heinous
Republic
Crimes
Act
No.
Act
8294
Of
1993
Anti-Money
Procedure
Laundering
Act
Of
2001
R.A.
9160
Evidence
definition
terms
criminal
Fundamentals
jurisprudence
of
Criminal
review
Investigation
questions
Special
Fire
Technology
Crime
Investigation
and
Investigation
>
Traffic
Operation
fire
technology
and
Accident
and
investigation
Investigation
reviewer
>review
1 questions
Drug
Education
traffic
operation
Vice
definition
Control
>of
of
terms
Report
Drug
Education
Writing
(Technical
Definition
English)
of
crime
Introduction
detection
to
Criminology
review
questions
Criminal
Juvenile
Delinquency
Justice
System
Human
Seminar
Behavior
on
Contemporary
Crises
Police
Management
Problem
Police
criminology
Ethics
reviewer
and
Community
Relations
sociology
Penal
Management
of
crimes
>and
review
questions
Probation
penal
management
review
questions
1 5
correctional
administration
questions

law enforcement jobs

Visit Top Sites For law enforcement jobs Here.
asiastarter.com
Click here