Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Keren 1 CB 03 BIPA
Keren 1 CB 03 BIPA
Topik tiga
Learning outcomes
Communicative
r
To be able to ask what time it is, and what time things happen
Cultural
r
To understand the concept of jam karet, and the more casual attitude towards
time, which is common in Indonesia
Informational
r
59
3.1
3.1
AB 3.9
Ada, Bu!
Matt!
Jangan nakal!
Maaf, Bu!
Dua bulan
lagi. Pada bulan
Desember.
Kapan Nicky
pulang ke
Australia, Bu?
Apa Nicky
sedang bersekolah
di Indonesia, Bu?
Goblok,
kamu!
60
Jam berapa
sekolah mulai di
Indonesia, Bu?
Mari kita
mengirimkan
email kepada
Nicky, Bu!
Kalau
tidak salah, jam
tujuh pagi.
Wah!
Pagi
sekali!
Boleh, tetapi
harus dalam
Bahasa
Indonesia.
Wow!
Keren!
Hai Nicky!
Apa kabar?
Jangan lupa
bertanya tentang
mata
pelajarannya!
Matt! Jangan
nakal!
Tulislah email!
Hai Nicky!
Di sini Gino.
Pow!
Pow!
61
62
jangan!
dont!
mengirimkan
to send
kapan?
when?
hebat!
fantastic!
bulan
month
tetapi
but
lagi
more/again
harus
must/have to
pada
bertanya
to ask a question
kira
to think
tentang
about/concerning
begitu
it is so
bisa
can/able to
di sini
here/this is
mengerjakan to do
tulislah!
write!
tes
test/exam
Keren!
Thats great!/Cool!
mulai
to begin/commence
Jangan nakal!
Dont be naughty!
I think so.
Goblok, kamu!
You idiot!
Jam berapa?
What time?
Jangan lupa!
Dont forget!
Is that correct?
Wow! Keren!
3.2
emailNicky Gardner
From: Sally Johnstone<[email protected]>
To: Nicky Gardner<[email protected]>
Sent: Senin 28 Juli,11.30
Subject: Hai Nicky, apa kabar?
Hai! Apa kabar? Bagaimana kehidupan di kota Jakarta? Apa Nicky sudah bertemu dengan
banyak orang Indonesia? Di sini, kami sedang belajar dalam bahasa Indonesia tentang
sekolah. Apakah Nicky sedang bersekolah di Jakarta atau tidak? Kalau bersekolah kamu
bisa membantu kami dengan pelajaran kami. Jam berapa sekolah mulai di Indonesia? Dan
jam berapa sekolah selesai? Menurut Bu Simpson, sekolah di Indonesia mulai jam tujuh
pagi! Apa itu betul, Nik? Di sekolah, anak Indonesia belajar mata pelajaran apa? Apakah
mereka belajar Matematika dan bahasa Inggris, seperti kami di sini? Berapa hari seminggu
mereka bersekolah? Teman-teman kamu di sini sehat-sehat saja dan senang. Tolong Nicky
mengirimkan email kepada kami.
Temanmu,
Sally.
Wow! Keren!
Email dari Sally!
63
3.3
Di sekolah:
Whats the
time?
When the time is on the hour (the minute hand is on 12) you simply use the
word jam or pukul followed by the number of the hour. Two oclock would be
jam dua, or pukul dua. Make sure you get it in the right order, because dua
jam would mean two hours, not two oclock.
3.00
atau
pukul tiga
10.00
jam sepuluh
atau
pukul sepuluh
When the time is on the half hour (the minute hand is on 6) you say it is half
to the next hour. Half past six would be jam setengah tujuh (half before
seven) or pukul setengah tujuh.
These days, many people are adopting the English way of saying the time
when it is on the half hour, that is for six thirty many people are saying jam
enam tiga puluh or pukul enam tiga puluh. However, you need to recognise
the other way of saying it too, because many people still use that system.
jam setengah sembilan
atau
8.30
12.30
atau
jam/pukul dua belas
tiga puluh
64
When the time is between one minute past and twenty-nine minutes past
you must use the word lewat, which means past. Be careful to get it in the
right order. Say the hour first, then lewat, then the number of minutes past.
Twenty past six, (or six twenty) would be jam enam lewat dua puluh or
pukul enam lewat dua puluh.
If the time is fifteen minutes after the hour, you can use the fraction for a
quarter. A quarter past seven (or seven fifteen) would be jam tujuh lewat
lima belas or jam tujuh lewat seperempat or pukul tujuh lewat lima
belas or pukul tujuh lewat seperempat.
jam lima lewat sepuluh
5.10
atau
pukul lima lewat sepuluh
1.15
atau
pukul satu lewat lima belas
atau
jam/pukul satu lewat seperempat
When the time is between twenty-nine minutes to the hour and one minute
to the hour, you must use the word kurang, which means minus or less.
Say the number of the next hour, then kurang, then the number of minutes
to go until the next hour.
Ten to eight (or seven fifty) would be jam delapan kurang sepuluh or pukul
delapan kurang sepuluh.
Again, if the time is fifteen minutes to the hour, you can use the fraction for
a quarter. A quarter to eight (or seven forty-five) would be jam delapan
kurang lima belas or pukul delapan kurang lima belas or jam delapan
kurang seperempat or pukul delapan kurang seperempat.
10.40
atau
pukul sebelas kurang dua puluh
9.45
atau
pukul sepuluh kurang lima belas
atau
jam/pukul sepuluh kurang seperempat
65
3.4
Rubber time
Jam karet!
Both English and Indonesian have expressions which reflect their respective
attitudes towards time. In English you sometimes say Time is money!
indicating the importance sometimes placed upon time. Indonesians, on the
other hand, often say jam karet, meaning time is rubberit is flexible. Time
seems to be far more important to an English speaker than to
an Indonesian. Indonesians tend to have a much more casual
attitude towards time. If things dont get done today there is
always tomorrow, or the next day, and if you are an hour late
for an important appointment it is really nothing to get upset
about. After all, so many things can happen to delay you. The
traffic could be horrendousit often isor friends might call
unexpectedly just when you were about to leave. These things
happen, and usually the only excuse that Indonesians will offer
in these circumstances is jam karet. If you are a foreigner in
Indonesia you might as well learn to accept this attitude
towards time, for Indonesians seem to have little understanding
of the concept I want it now!
Of course, some things have to run on time. Airline departures
and arrivals are a good example. There is not much point in
turning up to the airport an hour late and saying jam karet, as
the aircraft will have left! Similarly, your teacher is unlikely to
accept jam karet as an excuse for being late to class!
3.5
am or pm?
Contoh
66
7.30
8.30
12.00
3.6
Ordinal numbers
In the previous topic we learnt the Indonesian numbers. Here we are going to
learn the ordinal numbers. Ordinal numbers tell us what order things are in,
hence the name. For example, first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and so on.
Contoh
dua = two
kedua = second
lima = five
kelima = fifth
sepuluh = ten
kesepuluh = tenth
Awas!
This system is used to form all ordinal numbers except first.
For first you do not say kesatu. Rather, you have to use the
special word pertama.
Greetings from
Greetings to
minggu depan
next week
masuk sekolah
masuk universitas
menerima
to receive
supaya
so that
macam
a type
beragama
pertama
first
having the
religion of ...
masuk
to enter
dapat
can/able to
ketika
when
bersembahyang
to pray/worship
tamat
to finish/graduate
kilometer
kilometre
lamanya
minggu
week
selama
for as long as
foto
photograph
universitas
university
informasi
information
ingin
to want
sekarang
now
sampai
until
berangkat
to depart
murid
student
67
AB 3.3
3.7
To ask what the time is now, you can use either jam or pukul. Combine it with
the question word berapa, because the answer will be a number.
Contoh
Jam berapa sekarang?
atau
11.45
AB 3.7, 3.8
3.8
Tanya:
Jawab:
Contoh
68
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
6.00
Tanya:
Jawab:
6.40
Tanya:
Jawab:
2.00
Tanya:
Jawab:
7.30
Tanya:
Jawab:
69
3.9
Nicky has sent a return email to her friends at school back in Australia,
answering some of their questions about school in Indonesia, and attaching
some pictures. Read the email below, and look at the attached pictures shown
on the next page.
3.4
emailSally Johnstone
AB 3.10, 3.25
Hai! Salam dari Indonesia. Nicky senang sekali menerima email dari
teman-teman di sekolah. Di sini saya bersekolah dengan teman baik
saya, Melati. Di Indonesia ada tiga macam sekolah. Sekolah Dasar, atau
SD, adalah sekolah yang pertama untuk anak-anak di Indonesia. Anakanak di Indonesia masuk SD ketika mereka berumur lima atau enam
tahun. Lamanya enam tahun.
Sesudah tamat sekolah dasar murid-murid masuk Sekolah Lanjutan
Tingkat Pertama, atau SLTP. Di SLTP mereka belajar selama tiga tahun.
Sesudah tamat SLTP, mereka boleh masuk Sekolah Menengah Umum,
atau SMU. SMU tiga tahun lamanya juga. Yang tamat SMU boleh masuk
universitas. Ya, Bu Simpson benar! Sekolah mulai jam tujuh pagi sampai
jam setengah dua siang. Pada hari Jumat murid-murid di Indonesia
pulang jam setengah dua belas siang supaya orang yang beragama
Islam dapat pergi bersembahyang di mesjid.
Saya berjalan ke sekolah dengan anak-anak keluarga Hartono. Parto
dan Heru bersekolah di sekolah dasar di Jalan Mangga. Sekolah itu
setengah kilometer dari rumah mereka. Melati dan saya bersekolah di
Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Pertama di Jalan Melawi, dua kilometer dari
rumah mereka.
Bersama dengan email ini saya juga mengirimkan foto-foto murid-murid
di sekolah. Minggu depan saya akan mengirimkan informasi tentang
mata pelajaran di sekolah Indonesia.
Salam untuk Bu Simpson.
Temanmu,
Nicky.
70
Ini sekolah Parto dan Heru. Mereka bersekolah di SD, di Jalan Mangga.
71
3.10
Plurals
Contoh
orang
person
orang-orang
people
guru
teacher
guru-guru
teachers
murid
student
murid-murid
students
anak
child
anak-anak
children
Sometimes it is quite obvious that the noun must be plural. For example, if
you wanted to say I brush my teeth the listener would naturally assume that
you have more than one tooth, and that you would not be brushing just one
of them. In a case like this, when it is safe to assume that the object is plural
there is no need to repeat it. I brush my teeth, is Saya gosok gigi.
Awas!
If the sentence already contains a number, or a word, which indicates
that the noun must be plural, the noun should not be repeated.
Contoh
Banyak anak bersekolah di SD itu. atau Ada tiga puluh murid di kelas saya.
There is no need to repeat the nouns (anak and murid) in these sentences
because the presence of the words banyak and tiga puluh already make
the nouns plural.
72
3.11
When you want to ask for confirmation of something you are not quite sure
about, you can use the question word apakah or apa.
Contoh
Di sekolah:
Asking for
confirmation
AB 3.12
However, it is also quite common for Indonesians to use the word bukan
(which you have seen usually means no or not) to finish the sentence. When
bukan is used as the last word in the sentence it is like saying isnt it?. You
use this type of question when asking a question to which you think you
already know the answer.
Contoh
1
Ya, betul!
73
3.12
Hari Minggu
Sunday
Hari Kamis
Thursday
Hari Senin
Monday
Hari Jumat
Friday
Hari Selasa
Tuesday
Hari Sabtu
Saturday
Hari Rabu
Wednesday
3.13
Months
You should have no trouble recognising the months of the year in Indonesian,
but make sure that you learn the correct spelling.
74
Bulan Januari
Bulan Mei
Bulan September
Bulan Februari
Bulan Juni
Bulan Oktober
Bulan Maret
Bulan Juli
Bulan November
Bulan April
Bulan Agustus
Bulan Desember
3.14
AB 3.11
Bulan Agustus
Minggu
Senin
Selasa
Rabu
Kamis
Jumat
Sabtu
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Whenever you want to say what the date is today, or the date of any event, use
the word tanggal.
To say what the date is today you say:
Hari ini tanggal dua belas bulan Agustus.
To say the date of other events you say:
Besok tanggal tiga belas bulan Agustus.
or
Hari Kemerdekaan Indonesia tanggal tujuh belas bulan Agustus.
or
Hari ulang tahun saya tanggal delapan bulan Desember.
75
3.15
Which day?
This is a convenient point for learning the Indonesian words for tomorrow,
yesterday, the day before yesterday, the day after tomorrow, and so on.
Lets imagine that today is Thursday, 18 January.
Contoh
1
Awas!
Earlier in this topic you learnt about ordinal numbers. In English you
use ordinal numbers when telling the date. For example you say the 2nd,
the 3rd, the 4th, and so on. Indonesians never use ordinal numbers when
referring to the date.
3.16
Di sekolah:
Dates
AB 3.13
To enquire about the date, use the question word berapa. Berapa is the
question word you use whenever you expect the answer to be a number.
Contoh
1
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
3.17
76
Besok
tanggal 17 Agustus.
Hari itu hari libur,
bukan?
Betul! Itu Hari
Kemerdekaan
Indonesia.
Tanggal berapa
hari nasional
Australia, Nicky?
Hari Australia
tanggal 26
Januari.
3.18
Working in small groups of about six and using Indonesian, take it in turns to
ask other people in the group what date their birthday is. When all the groups
have noted the birthdays of everybody in the group the information can be
collated into a wall chart for the classroom wall. Now you will never forget
anybodys birthday. You could even produce birthday cards for everybody
when their birthdays come around.
77
Nicky suka sekali kelas seni lukis. Dia pandai sekali melukis dan menggambar.
78
Ya, betul!
birthday
hari Minggu
Sunday
bulan September
September
hari Senin
Monday
bulan Oktober
October
hari Selasa
Tuesday
bulan November
November
hari Rabu
Wednesday
bulan Desember
December
hari Kamis
Thursday
tanggal
the date
hari Jumat
Friday
kemarin
yesterday
hari Sabtu
Saturday
kemarin dulu
perpustakaan
library
bulan Januari
January
lusa
bulan Februari
February
liburan
holiday
bulan Maret
March
hari libur
public holiday
bulan April
April
nasional
national
bulan Mei
May
melukis
bulan Juni
June
to paint a
picture
bulan Juli
July
menggambar
to draw
bulan Agustus
August
3.19
Jadwal sekolah
Melatis school timetable is shown below. Can you work out what subjects she
studies?
School begins at 7 am every day except Sunday. Monday to Thursday it
finishes at 1.30 pm. The number of lessons per day, and the length of lessons,
sometimes vary from school to school. At Melatis school there are seven
lessons of 50 minutes each. There is a morning recess and the students go
home for lunch. School finishes earlier on Friday so that those who are
Moslems can go to the mosque to pray, because the midday prayer on Friday is
the most important prayer of the week. School finishes earlier on Saturdays
because it is the beginning of the weekend. Sunday is a holiday.
Nama: Melati
Kelas: 3 SLTP
Hari Senin
Hari Selasa
Hari Rabu
Hari Kamis
Hari Jumat
Hari Sabtu
7.00
7.50
Matematika
Bahasa
Indonesia
Bahasa
Inggris
Pendidikan
Jasmani
Bahasa
Indonesia
Bahasa
Inggris
7.50
8.40
IPA
Matematika
Komputer
Matematika
IPA
Komputer
8.40
9.30
Bahasa
Inggris
Pendidikan
Jasmani
Bahasa
Indonesia
IPA
Matematika
IPS
Waktu Istirahat
4
9.50
10.40
Bahasa
Indonesia
IPS
Pancasila
Agama
Bahasa
Inggris
Bahasa
Indonesia
10.40
11.30
Kesenian
Bahasa
Inggris
IPA
Bahasa
Indonesia
IPS
Matematika
11.30
12.20
IPS
Agama
Kesenian
IPS
12.20
1.30
Komputer
IPA
Matematika
Bahasa
Inggris
Note:
3.20
Your timetable
Why not keep your school timetable in Indonesian from now on? If you do
that you will certainly very quickly become familiar with the subject names
in Indonesian. Your school might have some subjects which are not taught at
Melatis school. Your teacher will help you with the names of those subjects.
79
AB 3.15, 3.16
3.21
By now you should know that whenever you want to ask a question to which
the answer will be a number, you must use the question word berapa.
To ask how many times a day something happens, phrase your question like
this:
Berapa kali sehari kamu makan?
You can replace the word hari (day) with other words meaning various lengths
of time.
Contoh
1
AB 3.14, 3.22
3.22
Di sekolah:
Indicating
frequency
Indicating frequency
Contoh
1
Contoh
1
80
3.23
AB 3.23
Saya suka
membaca.
Contoh
1
Contoh
1
Contoh
1
Contoh
Nicky benci masuk sekolah pada hari Sabtu.
81
Sometimes you will want to say that you like one thing
better than another. Use the combination lebih suka
(meaning like more or prefer).
Contoh
1
3.24
Tanya:
Jawab:
Tanya:
Jawab:
Work with a partner. Using Indonesian, ask your partner whether he or she
likes to do the activities shown below. Your partner, of course, must also answer
in Indonesian.
82
bermain tenis
bermain komputer
berenang
mendengarkan musik
membaca
belajar Matematika
3.25
3.8
In Indonesian, there are a number of words which can be used to talk about
hobbies and interests. Kegemaran, kesukaan and kesenangan can all
be used for this purpose.
AB 3.24
However, all three of these words are applied somewhat more broadly than
the word hobbies in English. These words could be used to talk about things
which you would call hobbies in English, such as stamp collecting, model
building, and so on. Their real meaning in Indonesian, however, is anything
which you like doing; anything which you find enjoyable. Look at the way
these words have been used below.
Kegemaran saya
mendengarkan
musik pop.
Kesenangan
saya melukis.
Kegemaran
saya bermain
bola basket.
Apa kegemaranmu?
Kesenangan Hasan
bermain gitar.
83
3.26
Contoh
1
In most cases the conjunction yang can be added between the noun and the
adjective without changing the meaning.
Contoh
1
In these two sentences the meaning is the same, but in the second sentence
the word yang tends to draw our attention to the adjective ramai, thus
emphasising it.
84
Matematika
mathematics
benci
to hate
bermain
to play
tenis
tennis
komputer
computer
bulu tangkis
badminton
agama
religion
mendengarkan
to listen
kesenian
art
musik
music
kali
times (x)
membaca
to read
hari
day
kegemaran
hobby/interest
liburan
holiday
kesenangan
hobby/interest
suka
like
kesukaan
hobby/interest
waktu
time
mengumpulkan
to collect
istirahat
rest
perangko
postage stamp
bola basket
basketball
majalah
magazine
berenang
to swim
gitar
guitar
sepak bola
soccer
bola volli
volleyball
PR (pekerjaan
rumah)
homework
3.27
AB 3.20
Adjectives
Shown below are a number of adjectives (describing words) which you should
memorise. You will learn to use these words in your own sentences. Remember
to say the noun first, and then the adjective.
Awas!
In a few instances, the inclusion of the word yang actually
changes the meaning of the noun. Note the differences shown
in the examples below and memorise them.
orang besar
a big person
orang tua
parents
an old person
kamar kecil
toilet
a small room
orang kurus
orang gemuk
orang tinggi
orang pendek
orang muda
rumah besar
rumah kecil
85
3.9
3.28
Sekolah di Indonesia
Nicky had promised to send Bu Simpson and her classmates in Australia some
more details about school in Indonesia. She sent this information together with
the sketches which she made at school.
AB 3.18
86
Guru Matematika kami Pak Umar. Pak Umar orang yang baik hati dan
ramah sekali. Karena itu kami sangat suka pelajaran Matematika.
87
3.29
Di sekolah:
Percakapan
Majalah dinding
Berapa kali?
lebih suka
88
kaya
rich/wealthy
becakap-cakap
to chat
miskin
poor
pelajaran
lesson/studies
ramai
busy
(streets/town)
film
film/movie
olahraga
sport
tinggi
tall
berolahraga
to play sport
pendek
short
lapar
hungry
kurus
thin/skinny
haus
thirsty
gemuk
fat
makanan
food
muda
young
minuman
a drink
tua
old
permen
lollies/sweets
besar
big
es krim
ice cream
kecil
small
baik hati
saja
only
goodhearted/kind
berbahasa
to speak a
language
ramah
friendly
3.30
Siapa ini?
One person in the class thinks of somebody within the school whom everybody
knows. Perhaps the student will choose another student in the class, or perhaps
the student will choose one of the teachers. Other students in the class take it
in turns to ask questions in Indonesian which require a yes or no answer.
For example, Is this person a teacher?, Is he/she tall?, Is this person a
male?, Is this person an English teacher? If you need to revise how to ask
these questions refer to the section in this topic Asking for confirmation
(Section 3.11). When one student is able to correctly guess the identity of the
mystery person, that student becomes the one to choose a new identity.
3.31
3.32
Role play
Work with a partner to write a short role play. In your role-play conversation
start with normal greetings then ask your partner where he or she goes to
school. Then make sure that you both ask the other person whether he or she
likes certain activities. You can ask about school subjects, sports and other
activities such as reading, playing on the computer, and so on. Ask how many
times a week your partner does some of these activities.
After you have written your role-play conversation, learn it and act it out in
front of the rest of the class.
89
3.33
Sekolah di Indonesia
The education system in Indonesia has developed a lot in recent years, and
continues to improve all the time. It was only a few years ago that all schools
operated two sessions a day: morning school (sekolah pagi) and afternoon
school (sekolah sore). This was necessary because there was a shortage of
school buildings and a shortage of teachers, so the large number of students
wanting to attend school could not be catered for. Sekolah pagi started at
7 am and finished at 1 pm. Sekolah sore commenced at 1.30 pm and went
until about 6 pm. These days there are only a few areas where it is still
necessary to conduct an afternoon session.
In Indonesia there are
government schools
(sekolah negeri) and
private schools (sekolah
swasta). School begins at
7 am Monday to Saturday.
On normal days school
finishes at 1.30 pm, but
on Fridays it finishes at
11.30 am so that those
who are Moslems can go to
the mosque to pray. Some
children go to kindergarten
before commencing
primary
school, but kindergarten is
not compulsory.
Kindergarten is known as
Taman Kanak-kanak. The
first compulsory schooling for Indonesian children is Sekolah Dasar (SD) and
children usually enter Sekolah Dasar when they are six or seven years old.
Sekolah Dasar goes for six years. Children in primary school, when asked
what class they are in, will reply with something like SD 4 or SD 6. All
children in Sekolah Dasar wear a school uniform, which is red and white.
After graduating from
Sekolah Dasar,
students enter Sekolah
Lanjutan Tingkat
Pertama (SLTP). This is
the equivalent of a
junior high school and
SLTP students are
recognisable by their
blue-and-white
uniforms. SLTP lasts for
three years and
students will say that
they are in SLTP1 or
SLTP3, and
so on. Officially,
children are required to
attend school until the
end of SLTP.
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3.34
Reading revision
Choose the most appropriate answer to each question and write the answers in
your exercise book.
a three-and-a-half hour
a Jangan nakal!
b Jangan lupa!
c Goblok, kamu!
d Hebat, kamu!
b twice a month
a jumat
b senin
d twice a year
c rabu
d kamis
a 19 bulan Agustus
b 20 bulan Agustus
c 22 bulan Agustus
d 23 bulan Agustus
in Indonesian as in English?
would say:
a two
b three
b Selamat belajar.
c four
d five
d Selamat tidur.
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3.35
Listening revision
3.12
Listen to each question on the Audio CD. For each question you will hear
a question or a sentence read twice. Choose the most appropriate answer and
write it in your exercise book.
basket.
13 bulan Mei.
b 14 bulan Mei.
15 bulan Mei.
d 16 bulan Mei.
7
sekolah.
masuk sekolah.
Sulastri:
a
bersekolah di SD.
10 a
bersekolah di SMU.
d tidak bersekolah.
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3.36
Cultural revision
Choose the most appropriate answer to each question and write the answers in
your exercise book.
end of:
a TKK
in the mornings
b SD
c SLTP
mornings
d SMU
b 4 years
c 5 years
a SD
d 6 years
b SMU
c SMK
d SLTP
SMK is:
a the same as SLTP
b the same as SD
a 4 years
b 5 years
in English
c 6 years
d 7 years
4
learn trades
d all white
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