Setting Guidelines For Relay
Setting Guidelines For Relay
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
February 2010
ISSUED BY
Traction Installation Directorate
Research Designs and Standards Organization (Ministry of Railways)
Manak Nagar, Lucknow 226011
Page 2 of 25
1.0
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
INTRODUCTION
The existing specification no. ETI/PSI/65(1/97) of control and relay panel
incorporating static type relays for 25kV ac traction sub-station has been superseded
by new RDSO specification no. TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) in March 2009.
As per this specification all the protection relays are of numerical type and additional
three stage definite time over current protection element have also been included on
primary and secondary side of transformer to utilize the over load rating of traction
power transformer at the same time providing adequate protection against
overloading as per the defined overloading cycle of traction power transformers.
The numerical type protection relays also have features to set the various parameters
in fine steps for achieving better coordination between different protection relay
elements.
In view of the above, new setting guidelines for transformer protection relays and
25kV shunt capacitor bank has been prepared. These setting guide lines shall provide
the method of calculations only, for other general parameters and relay setting
procedure reference to the operation & commissioning manual of relay manufacturer
shall have to be made.
2.0
2.1
or relay setting in % =
(Iset)
-------- x 100
5
The TMS should be selected such that the relay operation must be achieved in
between 500 to 600 ms for a fault occurring on LV bus.
Page 3 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
kV 2 pri
-------------------------------------------------Fault level at primary bus at TSS in MVA
kV 2 sec
-----------
kV 2 pri
TMS x a
[I/Iset]b 1
Where a&b are constant a = 0.14, b = 0.02
t = Operating time in second
TMS = Time multiplier setting
I = Measured current by relay
Iset = Set current in amp
Page 4 of 25
2.2
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
Current setting in A
= 1.25 x fault current at LV bus x (kVsec/kVpri) x (1/CT ratio)
or % Current setting =
2.3
Current setting in A
------------------------- x 100 %
5
Restricted earth fault relay on (HV & LV) & transformer differential
protection
The current setting of the relay should correspond to 10 % of the rated current of
traction power transformer.
REF setting in Amp (Iref)
= (Transformer rated current on LV & HV side x 10/100)/ CT ratio
% setting
2.4
Page 5 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
From IDMT curve (3 sec at 10 time of setting), choose the suitable TMS for getting
the relay operating time of 250 to 300 ms at calculated plug setting multiplier or
calculate TMS by formula given below:
t=
TMS x a
[I/Iset]b 1
Where a&b are constant a = 0.14, b = 0.02
t = Operating time in second
TMS = Time multiplier setting
I = Measured current by relay
Iset = Set current in amp
2.5
2.5.1
Current and time setting of definite time over current relay on transformer LV
side
Stage
setting
Current Setting
OL1
OL2
OL3
Operating Time
5 Minutes
2 Minutes
1 Minutes
= 1.1 x ILV
Page 6 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
or % Setting
= 1.4 x ILV
= OL2 x 100 / Rated CT Secondary
= 1.7 x ILV
= OL3 x 100 / Rated CT Secondary
2.5.2 Current and time setting of definite time over current relay on transformer HV
side
Stage
Current Setting
OL1
OL2
OL3
Operating Time
6 Minutes
3 Minutes
2 Minutes
= 1.2 x IHV
= OL1 x 100 / Rated CT Secondary
= 1.5 x IHV
= OL2 x 100 /Rated CT Secondary
= 1.8 x IHV
= OL3 x 100 / Rated CT Secondary
Page 7 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
HV side
Current setting
Current setting in Amp (IHVpost)
= Transformer HV rated current * 1.10 / CT ratio
or % Current setting =
IHVpost x 100 /5
Time setting
Time setting is to be kept at 70 sec
Post over load time reset setting
Reset time is to be set at 3 Hours
ii)
LV side
Current setting
Current setting in Amp (ILVpost)
= Transformer LV rated current / CT ratio
or % Current setting =
ILVpost x 100 /5
Time setting
Time setting is to be kept at 60 sec
Post over load reset time setting
Reset time is to be set at 3 Hours
2.5.4
The above proposed settings of current and time are on the safer side and are
therefore much less than the overloading permitted by the transformer manufacturers
because the overloading on the traction transformers is generally for very short
durations and for allowing errors in the CT/PT measurements. However based on the
field experience Railways may suggest to RDSO any changes if considered
necessary.
Page 8 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
Amp
Current read by relay = HV current at lowest tap in amp * ICT multiplication factor
HV bushing CT ratio
Spill over Current in amp = Current read by relay 5
Percentage differential bias current = Spill over current in amp * 100
(Current read by relay +5) / 2
To allow the relay and CT errors, the % differential current further increased by a
factor of 1.25.
The operating current shall be set at 40% of transformer rated current.
Page 9 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
3.0 The summary of transformer protection IDMT & definite time OCR relays setting
is as under
Relay
element
HV side
Current setting
Time setting
in % of
transformer rated
current
REF
10
Instantaneous
i.e. 20ms
IDMT
190
500-600ms as
per curve for
bus fault
Stage-1 OCR 120
360 sec
Stage-2 OCR 150
180 sec
Stage-3 OCR 180
120 sec
Post
over 110
5 sec
load
LV side
% Current
Time setting
setting of
transformer rated
current
10
Instantaneous
i.e. 20ms
180
250-300ms as
per curve for
bus fault
110
300 sec
140
120 sec
170
60 sec
100
5 sec
Transformer HV protection
REF(LV) = 20 ms
Differential relay= 40 ms
Effective from
February 2010
REF(HV) = 20 ms
Page 11 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
= IS x
= 800 Amp
27 kv side 750 / 5
132 kv side ..200 / 5
Bushing CT ratio
i)
ii)
27 kv side
1600 / 5
132 kv side 330 / 5
d. Fault MVA
10000 MVA at 132kv base voltage.
5.1 Low (25kv) voltage side
5.1.1
800 x 10
100 x 750/5
Setting in %
= 0.53 Amp
= 0.53 / 5) * 100
= 10.6 % i.e. 10%
Page 12 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
800 x 180
100 x 750/5
Setting in %
= 9.6 Amp
= (9.6 / 5) * 100
= 192 %
= 1.74
= 0.146
= 4.21
= 41.28 amp
To achieved the operating time 300 ms for bus fault, the TMS setting should be
300 =
1000
300 =
1000
TMS x 0.14
[41.28/9.6]0.02 1
TMS x 0.14
1.03 1
Page 13 of 25
5.1.3
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
800 x 110
100 x 750/5
Setting in %
= 5.87 Amp
= (5.87 / 5) * 100
= 117 %
800 x 140
100 x 750/5
Setting in %
= 7.47 Amp
= (7.47 / 5) * 100
= 149 %
800 x 170
100 x 750/5
Setting in %
= 9.07 Amp
= (9.07 / 5) * 100
= 181 %
Setting in %
800 x 100
100 x 750/5
= 5.33 Amp
= (5.33 / 5) * 100
= 107 %
Page 14 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
163.6 x 10
100 x 200/5
= 0.41 Amp
setting in %
= 0.41 / 5) * 100
= 8%
163.6 x 190
100 x 200/5
Setting in %
= 7.75 Amp
= (7.75 / 5) * 100
= 155 %
= 31.66 amp
To achieved the operating time 600 ms for bus fault, the TMS setting should be
600 =
1000
600 =
1000
TMS x 0.14
[31.66/7.75]0.02 1
TMS x 0.14
1.029 1
TMS = 0.12
Page 15 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
5.2.3 Current and time setting of definite time over current relay
5.2.3.1 Stage 1 OCR
Current setting in amp, IOCR1
=
163.6 x 120
100 x 200/5
Setting in %
= 4.9 Amp
= (4.9 / 5) * 100
= 98 %
163.6 x 150
100 x 200/5
Setting in %
= 6.13 Amp
= (6.13 / 5) * 100
= 123 %
163.6 x 180
100 x 200/5
Setting in %
= 7.36 Amp
= (7.36 / 5) * 100
= 147 %
Setting in %
163.6x 110
100 x 200/5
= 4.5 Amp
= (4.5 / 5) * 100
= 90 %
Page 16 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
5 x 1600/5
800
=
2
HV Bushing CT multiplication factor
=
=
5 x 330/5
163.6
2.02
21.6 * 1000
112.2
= 192.5
Amp
= 5.89
= 16.34%
To allow the relay and CT errors, the % differential current further increased by a factor of
1.25.
% biased setting = 1.25 x 16.34
= 20.43% i.e. 20%
Page 17 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
6.0 Setting guide line for 25 kV shunt capacitor bank protection relay
6.1 IDMT Over current relay
6.1.1 Current setting
Calculate the capacitive reactance at rated voltage
XC = kV2 * 1000 / KVAr
KVAr
------------------------------------Rated system voltage in kV
To accommodate the CT and relay errors, the 10% higher value of above calculated
current is recommended for setting of relay.
1.10 x Icap
Current setting of IDMT relay in amp (Irelay) =
----------------------- Amp
CT ratio
Current seen by relay (Irelay)
Setting in % = ------------------------------------------------ x 100
CT secondary
6.1.2 TMS setting
Calculate the fault current after reactor and select the suitable TMS to achieve the
operating time of 500 ms.
Fault current =
27000
-------------------------------------------------------------- Amp
Source Z + transformer Z + Reactance of reactor
Page 18 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
From IDMT curve (3 sec at 10 time of setting), choose the suitable TMS for getting
the relay operating time of 250 ms at above calculated plug setting multiplier or
calculate TMS by formula given below:
t=
TMS x a
[I/Iset]b 1
Where a & b are constant a = 0.14, b = 0.02
t = Operating time in second
TMS = Time multiplier setting
I = Measured current by relay
Iset = Set current
Setting in % =
Form IDMT curve 7sec at 1.5 times, select the suitable TMS for above calculated plug
setting multiplier to obtain the operating time of approximately 1 second.
Page 19 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
Setting in % =
17500 V
-------------- V
PT ratio
Setting in volt
-------------------------------------Rated PT secondary voltage
From IDMT curve 5sec at 0 Voltage; select the suitable TMS for above calculated plug
setting multiplier to obtain the operating time of approximately 1 second.
6.4 Current unbalance relay
6.4.1 Current setting
This protection element is provided for internal faults in the capacitor units. At present
as per RDSO specification No. ETI/PSI/67(11/96) A & C slip No. 7, each capacitor unit
of 220 kVAR is rated for 8 kV, and its construction comprises of number of elements in
parallel & individually protected by internal fuses. In case of failure of the element and
therefore blowing of the internal fuse the voltage across the remaining healthy elements
of affected and other units increases. The neutral unbalance current protection should
be set so that it trips if the ratio of the voltage across healthy elements in parallel to the
failed elements in one unit and rated voltage of healthy element is above 1.7. The
manufacturer of the HT capacitor bank should provide the calculation for the above
Page 20 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
based on the internal design of the capacitor unit. Generally the unbalance current
generated after failure of 7-10 elements may cause the voltage appearing on the
remaining healthy elements to 150-175% of the rated voltage which may damage the
healthy capacitor element. A sample results of unbalance current and voltage rise
produced due to failure of number of internal elements is placed at Annexure-I for
reference.
Recommended unbalance current
Set current in amp, IUB = ----------------------------------------------NCT ratio
Setting in %
IUB
-------------------------- x 100
Rated CT secondary
Page 21 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
2469.47
----------------------- = 98.77 amp
25
To accommodate the CT and relay errors, the 10% higher value of above calculated
current is recommended for setting of relay.
1.10 x 98.77
Current setting of IDMT relay in amp (Irelay) = ---------------- = 5.43 Amp
100/5
5.43
Setting in % =
--------------- x 100
5
Page 22 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
Fault current =
640 Amp
640 * 5 / 100
--------------------------- = 5.89
5.43
To achieve the operating time 500 ms for fault after shunt reactor, the TMS =
250 =
1000
TMS x 0.14
[33/5.43]0.02 1
250 =
1000
TMS x 0.14
1.0367 1
Setting in % =
1.1 x 27500
-------------------------- = 121 Volt
27500/110
121
---------------- x100 = 110%
110
Page 23 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
Form IDMT curve 7sec at 1.5 times, at 1.2 times of setting the operating time is 17 sec at
TMS 1. To achieve the operating time 1 sec.
1
TMS setting = ------- = 0.058 i.e 0.06
17
7.4 under voltage relay
7.4.1 under voltage setting
Setting in % =
17500
-------------- = 70 volt
27500/110
70
------------ x100 = 63.64 % i.e. 64%
110
70
-------------= 0.64
110
Form IDMT curve 5sec at 0 Voltage; at 0.64 times of setting the operating time is nearly
9 sec at TMS 1. To achieve the operating time 1 sec.
1
TMS setting = ------- = 0.11
9
Page 24 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
Page 25 of 25
Effective from
February 2010
Setting guide line for transformer & 25kV shunt capacitor bank protection
relay
developed
as
per
RDSO
specification
no.
TI/SPC/PSI/PROTCT/6070(9/08) for 25kV traction sub-station.
27.50
27.14
26.73
26.27
25.74
25.14
24.44
23.62
22.64
21.46
19.99
18.14
15.70
12.38
7.58
As per the above sample result, it is seen that with the failure of 8 elements
resulting voltage appeared across healthy elements parallel to failed elements is 1.76
times of rated voltage, the unbalance current above number of elements failure is 0.863
amps. This is the sample results only; it may vary manufacturer to manufacturer,
therefore approach to capacitor bank manufacturer for actual permitted unbalance
current.
0.863
Set current in amp, IUB = ------------ = 0.4315 amp
2/1
Setting in %
0.4315
-------------------------- x 100
1