Series Compensation For A Hydro-Quebec Long Distribution Line
Series Compensation For A Hydro-Quebec Long Distribution Line
Rl
jXl
S
R = R =
V
S
S
s
-jXc
!
VR
!
V
Load
(1)
P = V R I l cos R ;
R
(2)
V =
= VR I l sin R
PR Rl + Q R ( X l X c )
; = 100
VR
S
= VR I l ;
P
= RR (I l )
loss
Xc
%
XT
(5)
P 2 + (Q Q )2
R
R
C
V
S
1
R = R =
cos
V
P
S
R
R
P2 + Q2
R
R
(3)
(4)
no load
with
compensation
(6)
3. System Topology
The studied system is a long distribution line such
as could be encountered in the north of Hydro-Quebec
network (Fig.3). It comprises four parts:
1- The Hydro-Quebec bulk power: modeled from
Thevenin equivalent observed from the distribution
transformer, its data are given in Fig.3
2- Two distribution tap-changer transformers in parallel:
120kV/25kV, delta-Y connected to step down the voltage
for the distribution line. Two transformers are needed
here for security purpose in case where one of both
breaks down. They are identical and theirs parameters are
listed
in the Table.1 above
Table.1 Transformer characteristics
without compensation
Xc
Designation
Selected base power
Z1 (direct-sequence)
Z0 (zero-sequence)
Ym (admittance) at Vn=1.05pu
Xm=1/Ym(magnet. rect.)
Rm (magnet. Resitance)
R (resiatance)
X( reactance)
Parameter value
22.5MVA
0.037+j0.69 pu
0.037+j0.69 pu
0.0014 pu
741 pu
1150 pu
0.0185 pu
0.345 pu
0
0
4.
0.0018
0.8998
Psc min
Vr=25kV
(VR 3 )2
(7)
(Rs + Rl )2 + (X s + X l X c )2
60km
line
X
X
X
X
Xc limit
Criterion 1
PRmin. limit
criterion. 3
Xc=2.9
PRmin.
limit
criterion. 2
7.4MVA
Xc=22.7
3.9MVA
2.8MVA
none
5.9MVA
946MVA
Xc=8.9
2MVA
7.5MVA
32.6MVA
Power (HP)
Rs ()
Xls()
Xm()
Xlr()
Rr()
J kg.m2
20km
line
70MVA
(mine)
70MVA
(mine)
30MVA
(saw-mill)
30MVA
(saw-mill)
group 3
2 motors
250
0.0694
0.16
5.435
0.0548
0.1316
6.16
1
1.6
group 2
4 motors
600
0.0214
0.0284
1.938
0.0277
0.04815
18.6
0.0072 0.058
1.1508 1.301
group 1
2motors
600
0.0119
0.0547
2.451
0.0547
0.0085
31.4325
0.0045
1.0997
Cased Studied
Pscmin ( X c ) =
Designation
0.0033
1.0507
group 4
2 motors
200
0.08675
0.2
6.795
0.0685
0.1645
4.93
(8)
(9)
Psc
70MVA
PR
3.9
Xc()
Xc = 22.7
Saw-mill 60km
Mine 20km
30 MVA
70 MVA
2
7.4
8.5 Xc 14
2.9 Xc 3.8
5.
Simulation results
A.
Compensation rate
none
Psc (analytical)
22MVA
31MVA
40MVA
Psc (simulation)
23MVA
32MVA
43MVA
B.
Load voltage(peak)
433.1 V
447.2 V
452.6 V
Motor group 1
2X300 HP
2409(N.m)
2408(N.m)
2618(N.m)
36%(Xc=8.5)
60%(Xc=14)
none
2605(N.m)
2597(N.m)
1123(N.m)
Motor group 2
4X150 HP
Impedance (ohms)
0.2
36%(Xc=8.5)
60%(Xc=14)
none
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0
10
Motor group 3
2X125 HP
0%
36%
60%
10
10
10
36%(Xc=8.5)
60%(Xc=14)
none
1114(N.m)
1110(N.m)
898.2(N.m)
Motor group 4
2X100 HP
Phase (degre)
100
50
50
36%(Xc=8.5)
60%(Xc=14)
891.4(N.m)
887.7(N.m)
100
0
10
10
10
Frequency (Hz)
10
C.
The starting test when all groups of motors are unloaded has
been done in order to appreciate the impact of series
compensation on transient performances of industrial
induction motors.
Motor speed (Motor group 1)
160
0%
36%
60%
140
120
Speed (rad/s)
100
Motor Torque (Motor group 4)
80
2000
0%
36%
60%
60
1500
40
1000
20
0.5
1.5
2.5
Time (s)
3.5
4.5
Torque (N.m)
20
500
500
0%
36%
60%
180
1000
160
0.5
1.5
2.5
Time (s)
3.5
4.5
140
Speed (rad/s)
120
0%
100
80
60%
36%
400
400
400
300
300
300
200
200
200
100
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
300
300
300
60
20
0.5
1.5
2.5
Time (s)
3.5
4.5
Voltage (V)
40
3000
400
Torque (N.m)
2000
400
2
Time (s)
400
1000
1000
2000
3000
0.5
1.5
2.5
Time (s)
3.5
4.5
0%
36%
60%
0.15
0%
36%
60%
185
0.1
0.05
180
0
0
10
10
10
10
Phase (degre)
100
Speed (rad/s)
Impedance (ohms)
0.2
175
170
50
165
50
100
0
10
10
160
10
10
Frequency (Hz)
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Time (s)
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
170
5000
0%
36%
60%
168
4500
166
164
Speed (rad/s)
Torque (N.m)
4000
3500
162
160
158
3000
156
154
2500
152
0%
36%
60%
2000
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Time (s)
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
150
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Time (s)
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0%
890
60%
36%
500
500
500
400
400
400
300
300
300
200
200
200
100
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
300
300
300
400
400
400
870
Voltage (V)
Torque (N.m)
880
860
850
840
0%
36%
60%
830
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Time (s)
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
500
500
1
Time (s)
500
6.
CONCLUSION
[6]
[7]