Notes

1 Theoretical and Methodological Considerations

1. According to Kellner (2010, p. 43) the term cinema has richer connotations
than film, as cinema refers to the system of production, distributional,
reception, as well as the genres, styles and aesthetics. Thus from now on,
by following Kellners logic, I will use film and cinema interchangeably to
describe past and contemporary cinema in Western Balkans.
2. I am referring here to Foucaults essay What is an Author? (1994) and
Barthes essay The Death of Author (1977).

2 Once Upon a Time in Sarajevo

1. See Chapter 3 for further discussion of this issue.
2. The Sarajevo Haggadah is an illuminated manuscript that contains the illustrated traditional text of the Passover Haggadah which accompanies the
Passover Seder. It is one of the oldest Sephardic Haggadahs in the world, originating from Spain. The Haggadah is presently owned by the Bosnian National
Museum in Sarajevo, where it is on permanent display.
3. Kusturicas TV films are Nevjeste dolaze/The brides are comingg (Kusturica 1978) and
Bife Titanik/Buffet Titanicc (1979). I will briefly discuss Buffet Titanicc in Chapter 6.
4. Cvijetin Mijatovic (19131992) became the first President of the joint
Yugoslav Presidency after Titos death in May 1980. He presided over the
Yugoslav Presidency for one year.

3 An Historical Fable of a Country That Is No More

1. Janaki (18781954) and Milton (18821964) Manaki are considered to be the
Balkans pioneering filmmakers. They were born in the land that is part of
Macedonia today and their ethnic origin is Vlacha minority group that still
lives in mountainous parts of Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia, Kosovo and Macedonia.
The brothers spent most of their productive life in the Macedonian town of
Bitola, where they owned a photographic studio and cinema theatre. After
their death, the impressive archive of their static and moving images was
deposited in the Macedonian film archive. The annual Manaki Brothers
International Film Camera Festival, commemorating them, is held in Bitola.
The two scenes I discuss are from the film Spinning Women in Avdela and can
be seen on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jnoC3MQqVY.
2. See Chapter 5 for more insight into Ulysses Gaze.
3. For the films script, Kusturica collaborated with Dusan Kovacevic; a leading
Serbian scriptwriter. As was case with his previous films, Kusturica worked
closely with the playwright; and the script was credited to both (Iordanova
2002, p. 75).
180

Notes 181
4. Zeljko Raznjatovic (Arkan) was a criminal figure who turned into a highprofile Serbian warlord whose paramilitary units were responsible for one of
the most gruesome crimes against non-Serb civilians during the conflict in
Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. In 1999, the ICTY issued a warrant for his
arrest and charged him with crimes against humanity. He never faced trial,
as he was assassinated by a member of Belgrades underworld in 2000.
5. The last Yugoslav census in 1981 showed that Albanians were the fourth largest
ethnic/national group. Numerically, only Serbs, Croats and (Slavic) Muslims
had a larger population than the Albanians. The number of Slovenes was
almost equal to the number of Albanians. The Macedonians and Montenegrins
had smaller populations than the Albanians (Hodson et al. 1994).
6. The Tito-Stalin Split was a conflict between the leaders of Socialist Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia and the USSR, which resulted in Yugoslavias expulsion from the Communist Information Bureau in 1948. For further information regarding this topic see Perovic (2007).
7. In the article Titos default, particular segments of which I am either paraphrasing or citing here, despite his overall argument, which is in general
favourable towards Tito and his historical role, Perisic does not forget to
mention the crimes committed in the name of Communism in Yugoslavia.
Most noticeably, Perisic underlines the execution of Ustasa and Chetnik war
prisoners, the harassment and forced expulsion of the Austrian, German,
Italian and Hungarian minorities immediate after the end of World War II,
the persecution of Stalins supporters after the split between Tito and Stalin
in 1948, and the harassment and persecution of political dissidents.
8 John Paul Driscoll was a documentary filmmaker based in New Orleans. He
collected the material for the article I cite here while shooting an educational
film about Yugoslavia.
9. The best-known filmmaker within the Black Wave movement was Dusan
Makavajev. Other prominent filmmakers within the movement were Jovan
Jovanovic, Lazar Stojanovic, Zivojin Pavlovic, Bata Cengic, Krsto Papic and
Zelimir Zilnik. For further reading about the Yugoslav Black Wave cinema see
DeCuir (2011).
10. I will pay closer attention to the genre of partisan film in Chapter 4.
11. Bulajics partisan film Bitka na Neretvi/Battle for Neretva (1969) was nominated for an Oscar in the category for best non-English film in 1970.
12. In his semi-biographical novel Smrt je neprovjerena glasina (2010), Kusturica
describes Siba (Hajrudin) Krvavac as a close family friend and person who
had had a prevailing influence on his decision to become a filmmaker.
13. As a term, anti-bureaucratic revolution refers to a series of carefullyorchestrated mass protests against the governments of the Yugoslavian
republics and autonomous provinces during 1988 and 1989, which led to
the resignations of the leaderships of Kosovo, Vojvodina and Montenegro
and the consequent capture of power by politicians loyal to Slobodan
Milosevic. For further reading see Vladisavljecic (2008).

Ordinary Men at War

1. For centuries, the gusle had been the most popular folk instrument in Serbia,
Montenegro, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and southern parts of

182

Notes

Croatia. This musical instrument was played and appreciated by all ethnic
groups living in these territories. However, all but the Serbs and Montenegrins
abandoned the gusle in the late 1980s. The reason for this sudden rejection,
according to Zanic (1998), lies in the fact that the gusle, due to its prominent
presence in Serbian nationalistic discourse of the time, became an exclusive signifier for the Serbian cultural domain. Nowadays, it is almost impossible to see,
hear or read about the gusle in areas dominated by Croats or Bosnian Muslims.
2. Vuk Stefanovic Karadzic (17871864) is considered as one of the most important reformers of the Serbian language. He was also a passionate collector and
promoter of the Serbian folk tradition.
3. The 1990s Yugoslav wars were not the first conflict to adopt Rambo style
insignia. As Kellner (1995) writes, in 1985 worn-torn El Salvador, some soldiers and officers had worn the same bandanna-style headgear as the beefy,
bare breasted Rambo.
4. Amongst numerous awards, No Mans Land
d won the Academy Award for the
best foreign film in 2002. Ordinary People was winner of the prestigious Critics
Week award in Cannes for 2009. In the same year, Ordinary People was the
overall winner at the Sarajevo Film Festival.

5 Women Speak after the War

1. See Chapter 3 for additional notes about the Manaki brothers.
2. On average, prior to the first multi-party elections, twenty to twenty-five
per cent of Yugoslav (republican) parliamentarians were women (see DjuricKuzmanovic et al. 2008, p. 287)
3. See Chapters 3 and 6 for further insights on the Ustase and Chetniks.
4. I mention the Tito-Stalin split in Chapter 3.
5. Both Christine A. Maier and Barbara Albert worked on Zbanics second feature
film, On the Path (2010), which had its premiere at the 2010 Berlin Film Festival.
6. This news announcement was not subtitled in English in Grbavicas DVD for
English-speaking countries.
7. In 2008, the central Sarajevo square, facing the Bosnian National Theatre,
was named after Susan Sontag.
8. For further reading on the turbo-folk music phenomena in the Western
Balkans see Baker (2007). See also Kronja (2004).
9. Ilahi is a Muslim religious song which content primarily magnifies the
power of God. Ilahi lyrics also offer the unconditional love for God on behalf
of the performer/singer.
10. Belgrades International Film Festival (FEST) is an annual event, usually
scheduled for the end of February. The decision to screen Grbavica at the
thirty-fourth FEST in 2006 was initiated by human rights activists from
Serbia, and the publicity Zbanics debut had gained after the award at the
Berlin Film Festival.
11. The Serbian Radical Party (Srpska Radikalna Stranka) is an ultra-nationalist
party which in 2006 held a significant number of seats in the Serbian
Parliament. Its founder is Dr Vojislav Seselj, whose trial at the ICTY is now
in progress.
12. Anti-Serbian propaganda is not a strong enough expression for explaining
the verbal attacks on Karanovic. In obscure tabloids and threatening letters

Notes 183
sent to the actress she was depicted in terms ranging from the Turkish
whore, to the ugly woman turned lesbian because she is undesirable to
men (see Svett 2006, no. 454; Zbanic 2006, LA Times 14 April).
13. See Chapter 4 for further insights into Pretty Village, Pretty Flame.

6 Roma: The Other in the Other

1. Even if the English-speaking readership of this book may be more familiar with
the word Gypsy, I am insisting on naming these people the Roma or Romani.
The reasons are numerous. First and foremost, it was the legitimate decision
by the Roma elite. In April 1971 in London, during the first World Romani
Congress, delegates from all over Europe adopted the term Roma to describe
themselves (Fraser 1992, p. 317). Second, while the term Gypsy has become
so pervasive that some Romani associations use it in their own organisational
names, this word still has pejorative connotations in English-speaking societies. The idiom to gyp, often used in the United States, describes a particular
lifestyle related to stealing or deceiving. Perhaps, many Americans do not
know that the etymon gyp originates from the word Gypsy. The apparently
non-racist, yet persistent, use of the expression to gyp in American colloquial
English does not make it any less wrong. In the end, gyp does signify a whole
ethnic group as cheaters. In times which are behind us, some (previously)
oppressed groups such as Jews, Irish or African Americans, either through
political, cultural or lobbying activities, managed to expel related offensive
terms from use in everyday language. The Roma community still does not
have this potential. The equivalent for the English word Gypsy in South
Slavic languages is Cigan (pronounced as Tzigan). The acute misuse of this
term in former Yugoslavia shows up in a passage of the Anti-discrimination
Act 1971, which specifically prohibits the word Cigan, considering it offensive
(Memedova et al. 2005, pp. 4849). Then, in Romania in 2010, the Roma
were tried to be redefined as Tzigani by the state parliament in an effort to
prevent using Romani as the official term because it could be confused with
Romanian. The Romanian general public initiated this redefinition due to the
unprecedented fury over a French sports journalist who labelled the Romanian
national soccer team Gittano (Gypsy) virtuosos. Further embarrassment on
behalf of Romanians and their politicians was interrupted by the Romanian
upper house, the Senate, which rejected the proposal. I will use the terms
Roma and Romani interchangeably, except when referring to the original work
from the authors. The word roma is derived from the word rom, which
means human being/man in the Romani language(s). In the English language,
Romani is an adjective that can also be a noun.
2. Porrajmos is a Romani word symbolically equal to the meaning of the word
Holocaust.
3. See Chapter 2 for further discussion of The Scent of Quinces.
4. For further reading regarding Jews living in contemporary Sarajevo see
Markowitz, F. (2010) Sarajevo: A Bosnian Kaleidoscope, University of Illinois
Press, Chicago.
5. Tisa (played by Gordana Jovanovic) is the only leading actor in Petrovics
film who is of Romani origin. Bekim Fehmi (Bora) is an Albanian from
Kosovo, while Bata Zivojinovic (Mirta) and Olivera Vuco (Lenka) are Serbs.

184 Notes

6.

7.
8.

9.

10.

11.
12.

13.
14.

15.

16.

17.

While Fehmi, Zivojinovic and Vuco have had colourful careers either in
theatre or cinema, Jovanovic only appeared twice: in Petrovics film It Rains
in My Village (1977) and ten years later in Guardian Angel (Paskaljevic 1987).
Both roles were small.
For an interesting introductory discussion on the all-European stereotypical
portrait of Roma in cinema see: Pasqualino, C. (2008) The Gypsies, Poor but
Happy, Third Text,
t vol.22, no.3, pp. 337345.
These two memorable roles in Sijans film are played by cousins Miodrag and
Nenad Kostic.
According to Croatian writer and publicist Zoran Zmiricc (2005), there is
one interesting connection between Sijans Who is Singing Out There? and
Kusturicas Underground. Originally, the last scene in Who is Singing Out
Therewhere the bus, upon its arrival in Belgrade, is destroyed by a Nazi
air raidwas supposed to have a massive animal escape from the Belgrade
zoo. However, due the death of Tito, the Yugoslav borders remained shot
down for a period of time and the animals, owned by an Italian circus, were
not delivered to the films set. Fifteen years later, the scene with animals
escaping from Belgrade zoo is revived in Kusturicas Underground. This time
the animals are used for the opening scene. But they still mark the German
bombardment of Belgrade in the early hours of 6 April 1941.
As Kusturicas and Paskaljevics films have been written on extensively before
(see Iordanova 2001, 2002; Gocic 2001), I am not paying close attention to
them in this chapter.
St Georges Day (Herdalejzi in the Romani language or Djurdjevdan in South
Slavic languages) is the most significant holiday for the Balkans Roma of all
faiths. Herdalejzi is originally an Orthodox Christian holiday that has been
incorporated into Romani communities regardless of their religion, and is
celebrated in a manner particular to that community.
Both the Macedonian Cinema Information Centre and the Internet Movie
Database (IMDB), refer to the films title only in the English language.
In the Balkans, this tradition is not strictly related to Roma. Marko Vesovic, a
poet and literary professor at Sarajevo University of Montenegrin Orthodox
Christian origin, recalls his childhood trauma with bitterness. On the day
of his mothers funeral, he was forced by his uncles to take care of the food
cooked for the funerals guests.
By and large, most Dervishes and their numerous Dervish orders are Sunni
Muslims who follow Sufi teaching, a mystic stream of Islam.
The Guca Trumpet Festival is a three-day feast of brass music with a fortyyear tradition. It is an annual festival located in the south Serbian town of
Guca.
Kusturica was accused of stereotypical presentation of Roma. The Roma
council of Europe wrote a protest letter to the UN, who was the sponsor of
the project.
Kosovo has been recognised by the US, United Kingdom, Germany, France,
Italy, Holland, Croatia, Bulgaria, Turkey, etc. However, Russia, Spain, China
and number of other states have not recognised Kosovos de facto independence from Serbia.
Mouse is slang originating from Sarajevo. It describes a coward or extremely
unpopular person.

Notes 185
18. I wrote briefly about this medieval event, deeply embedded in Serbian public
discourse, in Chapter 3.
19. Radio and television/RTV b92 are Belgrade-based media best known for their
criticism of everyday political norms during Milosevics era.
20. As the only Nobel Prize Laureate from the former Yugoslavia, Andric and his
prose have been the topic of numerous scholarly articles and essays, both in
English and South Slavic languages.

Conclusion: Sarajevo and One Illusion in August

1. So far, in this book, I have used the terms Muslims, Bosnian Muslims and
South Slavic Muslims to describe Bosnians and other South Slavs who have
adhered to Islam since the 15th and 16th centuries. In the former Yugoslavia,
the official name (recognised in the Constitution since 1972) for this Yugoslav
nation of South Slavic origin used to be Muslims (Muslimani). The Bosnian
Muslim intellectual and political elite, however, changed it to Bosniaks in
1993. The main purpose for this change was to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim. Historically, Bosniak (Bosnianin) described an inhabitant
living in medieval, pre-Ottoman Bosnia. Thus, as Markowitz (2010, p. 63)
indicates, the eponym Bosniak, unlike the term Muslim, makes a direct link
to Bosnia. Since, both geographically and culturally, Bosnia is part of Europe,
the eponym Bosniak further indicates the inseparable link between South
Slavic Muslims and the rest of Europe. I use the eponym Bosniak from this
point as it coincides with the historical time-frame in the books narrative.
2. The Dayton Accord is the peace agreement for Bosnia-Herzegovina that was
reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio in November
1995, under the guidance of the US government. This agreement, signed
by the Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian presidents, put an end to the war in
Bosnia-Herzegovina.
3. The Orange Revolution was a series of protests and political events that took
place in the Ukraine from late November 2004 to January 2005. The revolution was the response to the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election, which was
claimed to have been marred by massive corruption, voter intimidation and
direct electoral fraud. Kiev, the Ukrainian capital, was the focal point of the
movements campaign. Nationwide, the Orange Revolution was highlighted
by a series of acts of civil disobedience and general strikes.

Filmography
After, Afterr (Zbanic 1997) Bosnia.
All the Invisible ChildrenBlue

Gypsyy (Kusturica 2006) France/Italy/Serbia.

Andrei Rublevv (Tarkovsky 1969) Soviet Union.
Anikas Times (Pogacic 1954) Yugoslavia.
Arizona Dream (Kusturica 1993) United States/France.
(The) Battle of Kosovo (Sotra 1989) Yugoslavia.
Beautiful People (Dizdar 1999).
(The) Beauty of the Sin (Nikolic 1986), Yugoslavia.
(The) Big Boss (Wei 1971) Hong Kong.
Black Cat, White Catt (Kusturica 1998) France/Serbia/Austria/Germany/Greece/
United States.
The Blacks (Devic & Juric, 2009) Croatia.
(The) Blacksmith of Crucifix (Hanus 1920) The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and
Slovenes.
Bobby (Kapoor 1973) India.
Buffet Titanic (Kusturica 1978) Yugoslavia.
Buick Riviera (Rusinovic 2008) Croatia/Bosnia.
Calling the Ghosts: A Story about Rape, War and Women (Jacobson & Jelincic 1996)
United States.
Do You Remember Dolly Bell (Kusturica 1981) Yugoslavia.
Early Works (Zilnik 1969) Yugoslavia.
For Those Who Can Tell No Tales (Zbanic 2013) Bosnia & Herzegovina, Qatar,
Germany.
Geett (Sagar 1978) India.
Gypsy Magic (Popov 1997) Macedonia.
Grbavica (Zbanic 2006) Austria/Bosnia/Germany/Croatia.
Guardian Angel (Paskaljevic 1986) Yugoslavia.
Guca-Distant Trumpet (Milic 2006) Serbia.
Guernica (Kusturica 1977) Czechoslovakia.
Gypsy Birth (Popov 1979) Yugoslavia.
(The) Gypsy Girl (Nanovic 1953) Yugoslavia.
Hamlet (Rajkovic 2006) Serbia.
Hanka (Vorkapic 1955) Yugoslavia.
How the War Started on My Island
d (Bresan 1996) Croatia.
I Even Met Happy Gypsies (Petrovic 1967) Yugoslavia.
Images from the Corner (Zbanic 2003) Bosnia.
In the Land of Blood and Honey (Jolie 2011) United States.
Kenedi Goes Back Home (Zilnik 2003) Serbia.
Kenedi is Getting Married (Zilnik 2007) Serbia.
Kenedi, Lost and Found (Zilnik 2005) Serbia.
(The) Killing Fields (Joff 1984) United Kingdom.
The Living and the Dead
d (Milic 2007) Croatia.
Lukinas Jovana 1979 (Nikolic 1979) Yugoslavia.
186

Filmography 187
Montevideo, God Bless You (Bjelogrlic 2010) Serbia.
Morning (Djordjevic 1967) Yugoslavia.
Nafaka (Dukarkovic 2006) Bosnia.
No Mans Land (Tanovic 2001) Bosnia/France/Slovenia/Italy/United Kingdom/
Belgium.
(The) Ninth Circle (Stiglic 1960) Yugoslavia.
Occupation in 26 Scenes (Zafranovic1978) Yugoslavia.
(The) Old Timerr (Zilnik 1988) Yugoslavia.
Ordinary People (Perisic 2009) France/Serbia/Netherlands/Switzerland.
Partisan Stories (Jankovic 1960) Yugoslavia.
(The) Perverts Guide to Cinema (Fiennes 2006) United Kingdom/Austria/
Netherlands.
Petrias Wreath (Karanovic 1980) Yugoslavia.
[The] Pianist (Polanski 2002) France/German/Poland/United Kingdom.
Pretty Village, Pretty Flame (Dragojevic 1996) Serbia.
Priests Cira and Spira (Jovanovic 1957) Yugoslavia.
Promise me This (Kusturica 2006) Serbia/France.
Red Rubber Boots (Zbanic 2000) Bosnia.
[The] Scent of Quinces (Izdrizovic1982) Yugoslavia
Serbian Epicc (Pawlikowski 1992), United Kingdom.
Slavica (Afric 1947) Yugoslavia.
Snow (Begic 2008) Bosnia/France/Germany/Italy/Iran.
Time of the Gypsies (Kusturica 1989) Yugoslavia/Italy/United Kingdom.
Ulysses Gaze (Angelopoulos 1995) Greece/France/Italy/Germany/United
Kingdom/Serbia/Bosnia/Albania/Romania.
Underground (Kusturica 1995) Serbia/France/Hungary/Bulgaria/Czech Republic.
Unseen Wonder (Nikolic 1984) Yugoslavia.
Walter defends Sarajevo (Krvavac 1972) Yugoslavia.
When Father was Away on the Business (Kusturica 1984) Yugoslavia.
Who is Singing Out There? (Sijan 1981) Yugoslavia.

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Index
A
After, After, 107
Agamben, Giorgio, 17
Albanese, Patricia, 68, 75, 104
All the Invisible Children, 1512
Anderson, Benedict, 66
Andric, Ivo, 98, 126, 1589, 170, 185n,
see also The Bridge on the Drina
Anikas Times, 978
(the) Anti-Fascist Front of Women
(AFZ), 91, 934
(The) Author as Producer, 16
(the) author, 1617, 178
authorship aura, 17
B
Badiou, Allan, 15, 159
Balibar, Etienne, 2, 3, 8, 37,
86, 168
Banac, Ivo, 36, 61, 62
Barthes, Rolan, 1617, 178, 180n
(The) Battle of Kosovo, 645
(The) Beauty of the Sin, 1001
Begic, Aida, 167, 1689, see also Snow
Benjamin, Walter, 1113, 15, 16,
68, 177
Best, Steven, 1718
(The) Big Boss, 25
Black Cat, White Cat, 4, 6, 124, 134,
143, 144150
(The) Black Wave, 57, 58, 95, 181n
(The) Blacksmith of Crucifix, 130
Buick Riviera, 1712
Boose, Lynda, 678, 689, 104,
110, 114
(The) Bridge on the Drina, 1589, 170
Brooks, Geraldine, 289, see also
People of the Book
Buffet Titanic, 1267, 180n
Bulajic, Veljko, 60, 181n
Butler, Judith, 14, 34, 63,
667, 110
Buttler, Ljiljana, 1745

C
Calling the Ghosts: A Story about Rape,
War and Women, 1045
(the) Chetniks, 49, 50, 91, 103,
181n, 182n
cosmopolitanism, 3, 4, 89, 1011,
172, 177
critical theory, 4, 1112, 13, 17
Crowe, David, 41, 156
Curak, Nerzuk, 2, 71
D
Dabcevic-Kucar, Savka, 89
Dakovic, Nevena, 59, 77
(The) Dayton Peace Accord, 162,
163, 185n
(the) death of author, 1617
Derrida, Jacques, 4, 10, 73
diagnostic critique, 4, 1719, 176
Djeric, Zoran, 40, 44
Djordjevic, Mirko, 113
Djordjevic, Purisa, 57, see also
Morning
Do You Remember Dolly Bell, 5, 2930,
31, 32, 171
Donia, Robert, 21, 22, 23, 164
Drakulic, Slavenka, 84, 120
Driscoll, John 56, 181n
Dubrovnik, 31, 161
E
Early Works, 578, 65
Engelen, Leen, 16
(An) Episode in the Life of an Iron
Picker, 175
(The) European Union, 13
F
Fisk, Robert, 74
For Those Who Can Tell No Tales, 170
Foucault, Michel, 10, 16,
74, 180n
Fraser, Angus, 41, 125, 140, 183n

204

Index 205
G
Gypsy Magic, 4, 6, 131, 134,
135143, 160
Gmelch, George, 135
Gocic, Goran, 46, 58, 148, 150,
152, 184n
(The) Golden Wheel Film Festival,
136, 174
Goulding, Daniel, 45, 46, 55, 56, 57,
58, 76, 92, 96, 97
Grbavica, 4, 105122,
Guardian Angel, 134, 184n
Guca-Distant Trumpet, 1501
Guerard, Albert, 1213
Gypsy Birth, 135
(The) Gypsy Wedding, 129, 130
H
Hamlet, 150, 151
Hanka, 130
Hannerz, Ulf, 10, 73
Hattam, Robert, 11
Hemon, Aleksandar, 165, 166
Holbrooke, Richard, 162, 163
Holocaust, 8, 26, 28, 125, 127, 128, 129
Homer, Sean, 46, 59, 60, 129
Horton, Andrew, 323, 52, 93, 132, 151
I
I Even Met Happy Gypsies, 1301, 160
(The) Illyrians, 378, 41
Images from the Corner,
r 108
In the Land of Blood and Honey, 1701
Iordanova, Dina, 22, 32, 46, 47, 48,
54, 65, 70, 71, 79, 88, 128, 135,
143, 144, 145, 148, 150, 152, 160,
180n, 184n
Izetbegovic, Alija, 163, 164
J
Jakisa, Miranda, 77
Jameson, Fredric, 71, 87, 132, 172
Jancar-Webster, Barbara, 91
Jergovic, Miljenko, 22, 24, 256, 29,
30, 31, 33, 34, 83, 171. 173
Jolie, Angelina, 1701, see also In the
Land of Blood and Honey
Jovanovic, Tatjana, 9
Jovanovic, Soja 967

K
Karadzic, Radovan, 756, 106, 116,
118, 119, 163
Karanovic, Mirjana, 106, 109, 119,
1212, 182n
Karanovic, Srdjan, 98, 99, 100, 102
see also Petrias Wreath
Kellner, Douglas, 4, 1112, 1314, 15,
1719, 78, 176, 180n, 182n
Kenedi (trilogy), 174
(The) Killing Fields, 178, 179
Kopic, Mario, 3, 9
Kosanovic, Dejan, 40, 44, 129,
130, 131
Kostic, Marko, 173
Kovac, Mirko, 33, 34
Kovacevic, Dusan, 59, 88, 132, 180n
Kronja, Ivana, 98, 182n
Krvavac, Hajrudin, 22, 23, 60,
181n
Kusturica, Emir, 4, 5, 17, 29, 304,
467, 1434, 152, 1534, 159,
1723, 175, 1778, 180n, 181n, see
also All the Invisible Children; Black
Cat, White Cat; Buffet Titanic; Do
You Remember Dolly Bell; Guernica;
Promise me This; Time of the Gypsies;
When Father was Away on the
Business
L
Levi, Pavle, 46, 49, 51, 656
Little, Allan, 75
(The) Living and the Dead, 79
Loach, Ken, 84
Lovrenovic, Ivan, 3, 54
Lucev, Leon, 109, 1712
M
Magas, Branka, 61, 62, 75, 102
Malcolm, Noel, 20, 40, 43, 64, 75
Mann, Lena, 57, 58
(the) Manaki brothers, 456, 87,
180n, 182n
Marjanovic, Zana, 168
Markowitz, Fran, 20, 21, 161,
183n, 185n
Mijatovic, Cvijetin, 31, 180n
Mijovic, Nikola, 1001

206

Index

Milosevic, Slobodan, 334, 52, 635,

66, 69, 712, 154, 163, 173, 181n
Miskovska-Kajevska, Ana, 91, 93, 94
Mladic, Ratko, 69, 106, 118, 119
Mujic, Nazif, 1756
Montevideo, God Bless You, 42
Morning, 57
Mueller, John, 78, 823

Porrajmos, 125, 128, 157, 183n

Pretty Village, Pretty Flame, 79,
119, 183n
Promise me This, 173
Prpa-Jovanovic, Branka, 379, 41,
423, 49, 50, 52
Buffet Titanic, 1267, 180n
Puttnam, David, 178

N
Nikolic, Zivko, 99101, see also The
Beauty of the Sin
(The) Ninth Circle, 126
No Mans Land, 4, 5, 7981, 85,
172, 182n

R
Ramet, Sabrina, 101
Ranjicic, Gina, 160
Rankovic, Radenko, 130
Red Rubber Boots, 1078
red western, 59, 77
Rusinovic, Goran, 1712, see also
Buick Riviera

O
Occupation in 26 Scenes, 126
(The) Old Timer,
r 6566
Ordinary People, 4, 6, 77, 824, 85,
172, 182n
(the) Other, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 1011, 16,
73, 124, 125, 177, 179
P
Papic, Zarana, 103
Papic, Zarko, 129
Partisan Stories, 567
Pasovic, Haris, 167
Pasqualino, Caterina, 130, 184n
Pavicic, Jurica, 171, 172
Pavlica, Damian, 61, 62, 69, 70
People of the Book, 289
Perisic, Vladimir, 6, 79, 82, 83, 85,
see also Ordinary People
Perisic, Vuk, 3, 49, 501, 545, 59, 61,
623, 701, 72, 75, 181n
Perovic, Latinka, 42, 54, 89
Pesic, Vesna, 63, 66, 67, 68, 75, 121
Petrias Wreath, 989, 109
Petrovic, Aleksandar, 1301, 160;
see also I Even Met Happy Gypsies
Pejkovic, Sanjin, 334
[The] Pianist, 267
Planinc, Milka, 8890, 102
Polanski, Roman, 267
political hermeneutics, 4, 1718
Popov, Stole, 6, 124, 131, 1356,
141, 143, 150, see also Gypsy Magic;
Gypsy Birth

S
Said, Edward, 1112, 1617, 47
Sakic, Tomislav, 15, 55
Santic, Aleksa, 165
Sarajevo Film festival (SFF), 1667,
169170, 172, 173, 1745
(The) Sarajevo Haggadah, 28, 180n
Savic, Obrad, 3, 73
(The) Scent of Quinces, 268, 29,
126, 183n
Sejdic, Dervo, 128
Sell, Louis, 162, 163, 164
Serbian Epic, 756
Sesic, Rada, 23, 35, 60, 77
Seven Kilometres North-East, 170
Shuto Orizari, 1367
Sidran, Abdulah, 29, 30,
31, 96
Sijan, Slobodan, 95, 132, see also
Who is Singing Out There?
Silber, Laura, 75, 163
Skjelsbaek, Inger, 104
Skrabalo, Ivo, 33
Slapsak, Svetlana, 86, 88, 91, 93, 94,
95, 96, 978
Slavica, 923, 102
Snow, 1679
Sontag, Susan, 84, 111, 182n
Srebrenica, 69, 75, 81, 105, 157
St George Day, 135, 184n
Stimac, Slavko, 1712
Stojic, Mile, 3, 105, 106, 152

Index 207
T
Tanovic, Danis, 5, 7980, 85,
175,seealso An Episode in the
LifeofanIron Picker, No
Mans Land
Tepavac, Mirko, 60, 70
Time of the Gypsies, 323, 134, 135,
136, 144, 145, 152
Tito, Josip Broz, 50, 534, 60, 62, 71,
90, 141, 173, 181n, 182n
Todorova, Maria, 9, 46
U
Udovicki, Jasminka, 38, 40, 43, 70
Ugresic, Dubravka, 114
Ulysses Gaze, 456, 878
Underground, 5, 17, 37, 4660, 701,
79, 867, 88, 132, 1434, 149,
1734, 175, 177, 178, 184
Ukraine, 72, 1789, 185n
(The) Ustase, 26, 28, 44, 49, 50,
91, 103, 125, 1267, 181n, 182n
V
Vercoe, Kym, 170, see also For Those
Who Can Tell No Tales; Seven
Kilometres North-East
Vesovic, Marko, 184n

Visegrad, 24, 102, 1578, 170, see also

The Bridge on the Drina
Vukovar, 2, 35, 161
W
Walter defends Sarajevo, 223, 35, 60
When Father was Away on the Business,
5, 312, 95, 148
Who is Singing Out There?, 1323,
184n
Women in Black, 11920
(The) Work of Art in the Age of
Mechanical Reproduction, 1213
Z
Zanic, Ivo, 75, 76, 182n
Zbanic, Jasmila, 6, 17, 106, 1079,
119, 120, 169, see also After, After;
For Those Who Can Tell No Tales;
Images from the Corner; Grbavica;
Red Rubber Boots
Zilnik, Zelimir, 578, 656, 174,
see also Kenedi (trilogy); Early
Works; The Old Timer
Zizek, Slavoj, 3, 25, 42, 467, 79, 90,
110, 124, 148, 152, 177
Zvijer, Nemanja, 15