U2 c7 Answers
U2 c7 Answers
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10 B
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Structured questions
11 a
ii
iii
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ii
12 a
b
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iii
Hormones
Nerve impulses
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Respiration
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ii
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Day 6
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13 a
ii
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34 points [2]
12 points [1]
5 points [3]
34 points [2]
12 points [1]
Essay questions
1
Example [1]
iii
iv
Example [1]
34 points [2]
12 points [1]
Chemical messengers/steroid/peptide
Which is small and soluble
Travels in the blood
Acts on a specific target organ
Which has a complementary receptor site for the
hormone
Small amounts bring about changes in metabolism,
growth etc
On cell membranes attaches to cell membranes
Signals for vesicles to merge with cell membrane
Example: insulin causes glucose channels to merge with
cell membrane
Through second messenger: binds to cell membrane
which then causes another molecule to trigger a series of
reactions
Example: glucagon binds to receptor site on cell
membrane which then triggers cyclic AMP to trigger
series of enzyme controlled reactions of glycogenolysis
On genes: lipid soluble hormones act directly on nucleus
of cell
Example: steroid hormones
56 points [3]
34 points [2]
12 points [1]
Insulin:
Increase in cell permeability to glucose/increase in
glucose channels
Increase rate of conversion of glucose to fat in adipose
tissue
Increase rate of conversion of glucose to glycogen in
liver and muscle cells
More intracellular enzymes become active/increase
respiration
Any valid point
Glucagon:
Activates enzymes in liver cells which speed up
conversion of glycogen to glucose/glycogenolysis
Increase production of glucose from other nutrients such
as amino acids and fatty acids in liver cells/
gluconeogenesis
Gaseous