Edn 15429-101404di 1000V Output From OPAMP
Edn 15429-101404di 1000V Output From OPAMP
Edn 15429-101404di 1000V Output From OPAMP
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VS
8
0.3 mA
MIC4451
INVERTING
0.1 mA
6, 7
OUT
2k
IN
2
MIC4452
NONINVERTING
4
GND
Figure 2
C1
C2
10 F, 15V
10 F, 15V
MIC4451
OUTPUT
TO LOAD
plifies inversion of logic control as needed. Figure 1 shows details of the interface
of the MIC4451 to TTL levels, using a
common-base pnp transistor for level
translation. The emitter current of Q1 is
approximately: IE(VTTLHVBE)/R1
(2.40.65)/R1, where VTTLH is the TTLhigh level, 2.4V. IE should be 400 A in
accordance with TTL specs, so
IE(2.40.65)/R1400 A.
Solving for R1, you obtain R1
1.8V/400 A4.5 k. The VIH (lowest
permissible high input) logic-level
specification of the MIC4451 is 2.4V.
Ignoring base-current errors, ICIE,
so R2IC2.4V. Note that the MIC4451s input voltage, VIH, is specified
with respect to the ground pin of
the part. To determine R2:R22.4V/
Build a negative-voltage
power-side switch ........................................105
Circuit offers series protection
against power-line transients....................106
Build a simple, soft-action
muting switch ..............................................108
High-voltage amplifier
uses simplified circuit ..................................110
Simple circuit provides
power sequencing........................................112
(a)
Figure 3
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(b)
Turn-on (a) and turn-off (b) characteristics of the circuit in Figure 1 are for a
12V supply.
design
ideas
: 4 mV
AT: 1 mV
: 3.18 mSEC
AT: 1.62 mSEC
D1
5.6V
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V
OUT
tiates a rapid sequence: Q3 turns
detector. The power switch and
2V/DIV
series-connected power rectifier,
on, which turns on Q4, which
turns off Q1 by quickly dischargD1, protect the load
Figure 2
against high-voltage
ing its gate capacitance.
VIN
50V/DIV
transients and continuous overYou can demonstrate the cirvoltage as high as 500V of either
cuits performance by applying a
polarity.
150V transient to the supply voltIn the circuit, which powers
age while the circuit output is deVGATE
loads as heavy as 1A from a nomlivering 1A at 12V (Figure 2). The
20V/DIV
inal 12V power line, a high-sideinternal impedance of the transwitch driver, IC1, biases the powsient source is 1, and the rise
er switch fully on. You can
time of the applied voltage is 1
increase the maximum load cursec. The circuit draws 20 A
rent by changing D1 and Q1. To
during normal operation, includguard against low supply voltage, A 150V transient applied to VIN of the Figure 1 circuit has little
ing 3 A by the undervoltageIC1 includes an undervoltage- effect on VOUT.
lockout, voltage-sensing divider
lockout feature that allows operand 17 A by IC1. If your design
ation only when the line voltage is greater power switch to ground, turning it off needs high-temperature operation, note
than 10V. To protect against overvoltage, hard. Rising overvoltage first turns on that the gate-current output of IC1 is relthe circuit includes a three-transistor, no- zener diode D2, which protects the IC by atively limited. Your design calculations
bias-current, 50-nsec-operation over- clamping the voltage across it to approx- for high temperature should also pay
voltage detector that triggers when the imately 18V. Zener current flows through close attention to leakage currents that
input voltage reaches approximately 20V. the 2.2-k resistor, producing a base the other circuit components conAt that time, Q4 crowbars the gate of the voltage that turns on Q2. That action ini- tribute.
D1
1N4148
MUTE
R1
3.9k
RED
D2
12V
GREEN
1
2
S1 3
12V
R2
20k
TP1
Q1
2N3819
R3
82k
R4
2.2M
D
G
SIGNAL TO BE MUTED
(10- TO 100-k IMPEDANCE)
C1
100 nF
D3
1N4148
Figure 1
NOTE:
SET VOLTAGE AT TP1 TO TWICE Q1's VGS(OFF),
SO THAT 0.50VGS(OFF) = 0.7RC=150 mSEC.
This simple circuit provides soft muting for line-level audio circuits.
ample. Q1 can then finish muting. Making Q1 a more tightly defined PN4392 can
soften this requirement and allow muting of lower impedance signals. R3 unloads S1 from R2, so that D3 does not
shorten the earlier transition times. S1s
normally closed contact, resistor R1, and
dual-LED D2 add an indicator light. D1
raises the red LEDs on-state threshold to
indicate green when muting is off. Replacing D1 with a short circuit causes the
red LED to light. This scheme makes a
more expensive DPDT (double-pole,
double-throw) switch unnecessary, provides uninterrupted light as S1 switches,
and reduces the LED-current change for
less noise (references 1 and 2).
References
1. Linkwitz, SJ, Loudspeaker System
Design, Wireless World, Volume 84, June
1978, pg 67.
2. Self, D, Inside Mixers, Wireless
World, Volume 97, April 1991, pg 280,
www.dself.dsl.pipex.com/ampins/mixer/
mixerdes.htm.
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design
ideas
Figure 3
Figure 2
The sinusoidal
input is 8V p-p (top trace), and output
is 1800V p-p (bottom trace).
1000V
R25
10k
R26
3M
Q1
R24
Q11 82k
R27
3M
Q2
R28
3M
Q3
R29
3M
Q4
R15
3M
R14
3M
12V
R2
20k
R1
10k
C2
0.1 F
R5
3M
R10 Q12
10k
R6
7.5k
R11
10k
12V
R4
2M
CP07
+
12V
3
R3
20k
7
+
LF356
2
6
12V
12V
FUNCTION
GENERATOR
R7
510k
R23
82k
12V
R9
510k
R12
10k
R8
C1
5k 0.022 F
R22
10k
R37
3M
R30
3M
R21
10k
R38
3M
R31
4M
D1
1N961
R20
82k
R16
3M
This ac high-voltage
amplifier can deliver
more than 1800V p-p.
Q6
R17
3M
R18
82k
R19
10k
R32
4M
Q7
R33
4M
Q8
R34
4M
Q9
OUTPUT
MONITOR
R39
10k
R35 Q
10
4M
1000V
R36
10M
Q5
R13
10k
Figure 1
R40
1k
design
ideas
SEQUENCING CIRCUIT
2.5V
5V BIAS
C2
0.1 F
Figure 1
3 +
IC1
OPA336N
1
OUT
2
R5
100k
J1
1
2
3.3V
SENSE
GND
C8
0.1 F
R6
51.1k
3 +
IC3
OPA336N
1
OUT
VIN
R1
100k
IC2
TPS5120DBT
R4
51.1k
0.85V
REFERENCE
VOLTAGE
1.8V
5V BIAS
C11
0.1 F
R7
100k
1
2
3
C7
4
1000 pF
5
6
7
8
9
C12
10
1000 pF 11
12
13
14
15
30
INV1
LH1
29
FB1
OUT1_U
28
SOFTSTART1
LL1
27
PWM/SKIP
OUT1_D
26
CT
OUTGND1
25
5V_STBY
TRIP1
24
GND
VCC
23
REF
TRIP2
22
STBY1
VREF5
21
STBY2
REG5V_IN
20
FLT
OUTGND2
19
POWERGOOD
OUT2_D
18
SOFTSTART2
LL2
17
FB2
OUT2_U
16
INV2
LH2
2.5V
+
VIN
2
J2
2.5V
SENSE
GND
1
2
R11
100k
R12
88.7k
R10
88.7k
1.8V
VIN
An amplifier circuit forces the converters output voltages to track during start-up.
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