Real Time Light Intensity Monitoring Using Raspberry Pi Report
Real Time Light Intensity Monitoring Using Raspberry Pi Report
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
There are many applications for Light Meters such as measuring and maintaining
adequate light levels in schools, hospitals, production areas, laboratories, passageways
and more. Adequate light levels in the work place ensure a healthier and safer
environment for people. Some of important locations and light intensity is shown in
TABLE I.
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of chicken, be it broiler, breeder or layer. With blackout housing both male and female
can be exposed to 3.5 fc from day one to day six and then placed on 1 fc to 19 or 20
weeks. After 19 - 20 weeks the broiler breeders can be exposed to about 3.0 to 5.0 fc
during the entire production period. Layers should be exposed to about .5 to 1.5 fc (One
foot-candle = 10.76 lux) for better production [4-6].
C. Plants Growth
Deficient light intensities tend to reduce plant growth, development and yield. This is
because low amount of solar energy restricts the rate of photosynthesis. Below a
minimum intensity, the plant falls below the compensation point. Compensation point is
the metabolic point at which the rates of photosynthesis and respiration are equal so that
leaves do not gain or lose dry matter. Photosynthesis significantly slows down or ceases
while respiration continues. Likewise, excessive light intensity should be avoided.
D. Museum Lighting System
Light intensity is a primary consideration in museums to protect historic artifacts from
damage. 5 to 10 foot-candles (approx. 50 to 100 lux) is currently considered to be the
maximum allowable light level for very sensitive materials, such as prints, drawings,
watercolors, dyed fabrics, manuscripts, and botanical specimens. Up to 15 foot-candles
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
The survey is a recognized and accepted part of the modern society. It is one of the means
by which society keeps it informed, a way of bringing under central situations of
increasing size and complexity of obtaining perceptive and standard of comparison. A
survey gives an oversight of a field and is thus distinguishing from a sort of study which
consists of a microscopic examination of a turf; it is a map rather than a detailed plan. The
survey must be planned before a start is made.
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In this paper several different lighting programs are being studied to help improve
skeletal development through feed intake. All lighting programs that use more hours
of darkness than the hours of darkness during natural day length require light traps on
fans and air inlets
Chapter -3
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
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3.1 LDR
A LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is variable resistor, the resistance of the LDR is
inversely proportional to the light intensity, it exhibits maximum resistance in the absence
of light and minimum resistance in the presence of light. LDR produces analog output
voltage with respect to incident light, The Raspberry Pi computer does not have a way to
read analog inputs. It is a digital-only computer. Compared to the Arduino, AVR or PIC
microcontrollers that often have 6 or more analog inputs.
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using H.264 at 40MBits/s. It has a fast 3D core accessed using the supplied OpenGL ES2.0
and Open-VG libraries. The chip specifically provides micro HDMI and 3.5mm A V jack.
Recently launched Raspberry pi2 has identical board Layout and footprint as the Model B+
but It has Quad processor runs at 900MHz and RAM of 1GB. The foundation provides
following operating systems RASPBIAN, PIDORA, OPENELEC, RASPBMC, RISC OS
and also Python as the main programming language, with the support for BBC BASIC, C
and Perl
3.3
ADC
Analog inputs are handy because many sensors are analog outputs, so we need a way to
make the Pi analog-friendly. We can do that by wiring up an external ADC (Analog to
Digital Converter) MCP 3208. The MCP 3208 acts as a bridge between digital and
analog. It is a 12 bit 8 channel Analog to Digital converter. It uses the SPI bus protocol
which is supported by the pi's GPIO header.
We need to enable the SPI interface on the raspberry pi by modifying the configuration
file i.e., raspi-blacklist.conf the following command is used to open the configuration file
sudo nano etcimodeprobe. dlraspi-blacklist. conJ. Add a '#' character in front of the line
spi-bcm2708. Use CTRL-X, then Y, then Return to save the file and exit. Reboot using
following command sudo reboot. In order to read data from the SPI bus in Python we can
install a library called 'pyspidev'. Know ready to use SPI protocol in raspberry pi.
Configure the ADC input registers to select particular channel in the ADC and use bitwise
operators to get desired output from the output registers.
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Process Control
Data Acquisition
Battery Operated Systems
3.3.3 Pin Description
1. DGND
Digital ground connection to internal digital circuitry.
2. AGND
Analog ground connection to internal analog circuitry.
3. CH0 - CH7
Analog inputs for channels 0 - 7 for the multiplexed inputs. Each pair of channels can be
programmed to be used as two independent channels in single-ended mode or as a single
pseudo-differential input, where one channel is IN+ and one channel is IN.
4. Serial Clock (CLK)
The SPI clock pin is used to initiate a conversion and clock out each bit of the
conversion as it takes
5. Serial Data Input (DIN)
The SPI port serial data input pin is used to load channel configuration data into the
device.
6. Serial Data Output (DOUT)
The SPI serial data output pin is used to shift out the results of the A/D conversion. Data
will always change on the falling edge of each clock as the conversion takes place
7. Chip Select/Shutdown (CS/SHDN)
The CS/SHDN pin is used to initiate communication with the device when pulled low and
will end a conversion and put the device in low power standby when pulled high. The
CS/SHDN pin must be pulled high between conversions.
Dept. of ECE, RRCE Blore
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3.4
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up to a certain range. Here the instrumentation amplifier is of having a gain of 10. In this
project bridge circuit is very sensitive. So it will get the output voltage based on
the sensitivity of bridge
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organization that owns the Wi-Fi registered trademark term specifically defines Wi-Fi as
any "wireless local area network (WLAN) products that are based on the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11 standards
CHAPTER 4
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CHAPTER 5
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EVALUATION
The purpose of evaluation is to evaluate the performance of proposed system
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Fig. 5.1 shows the light meter which shows instantaneous light intensity If we observe
the Fig.5.2 in between 11 to 15 hours light intensity recorded less than the
average light intensity (500 LUX). It is also showing maximum light intensity, minimum
light intensity and average light intensity with date, time and location.Fig.5.3 shows week
report (15112/2014 to 2111212014), it helps data analyst to understand average light
intensity of each day. If we observe the Fig.5.3 in between 15/12/2014 to 1711212014 the
light intensity recorded less than the average light intensity (500 LUX) and there is
sudden change in light intensity on the day 1811212014 where it is recoded more than the
average light intensity. It is also showing maximum light intensity, minimum light
intensity and average light intensity with date and location
Fig.5.4 shows performance of the system with (i.e. Week2) and without (i.e. Week 1)
controlling
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CHAPTER 6
D. TV Cameras
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Most TV cameras need at least 1000 lux (about 90 FC) of light to produce good quality
video in the middle of the lens f-stop range, many can produce acceptable pictures under
a few foot-candles of light. When color was first introduced in TV studios, 300 footcandles (more than 3,000 lux) of light were required. As newer color cameras were
introduced, this level kept dropping.
Today, many on-location shoots are done with as little as 30 foot-candles (about 300 lux)
of light. The latest generation of professional video cameras can produce good quality
video under less than one foot-candle (less than 10 lux) Note in this scene that without
selective focus the woman and the goat would almost disappear into the background
clutter. Where: foot-candle (FC) equals about 10.74 lux Ratio of open area to focal length
of lens is called an F stop (2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32 ....)
CONCLUSIONS
Dept. of ECE, RRCE Blore
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The Facility manger will have skill, training and experience but lagging with lack of
information to take action immediately. In the paper, we have proposed and developed
cloud based light intensity monitoring system. This helps to Facility manger to take
necessary action at right time, with proper controlling with can achieve desired results. To
evaluate the system, we have considered laboratory as an example but it can be used at
various applications like traffic light monitoring, poultry lighting and museum lighting
etc. to avoid damage
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Dept. of ECE, RRCE Blore
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