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Biblical Hebrew EZine May 2016
Biblical Hebrew EZine May 2016
May, 2016
Issue #072
Issue Index
Biblical Word of the Month Work (1)
Modern Word of the Month Hotel
Name of the Month Isaiah
Question of the Month The in ?
Verse of the Month Genesis 3:7
MT Excerpt Genesis 16:1-6
AHRC Excerpt Isaiah 9:6
AHRC Update
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Editorials
Corrections
Copyright
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Issue #072
words; work (141), business (12), goods (2), cattle (1), stuff (1), thing (1), labour (1) and
occupation (1).
The word is a feminine noun that is derived from the masculine noun
(m'lakh, Strong's #4397), which means "messenger" or "ambassador," one who represents
another. then is the "occupation" of the and by extension it can be the
occupation or business of anyone, even God, as can be seen in the following passage.
and Elohiym finished in the seventh day his business which he did, and he
ceased in the seventh day from all his business which he did (Revised
Mechanical Translation, Genesis 2:2)
In the following issues we will discuss the other Hebrew words translated as "work."
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Issue #072
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And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked;
and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves aprons. (ASV)
( va-ti-pa-qahh-nah)
This is the verb ( P.Q.Hh) meaning to "open." The prefix ( ti) and the suffix
(nah) identifies the verb form as "passive" (be opened), the tense of the verb as imperfect
(will be opened) and the subject of the verb as 3rd person feminine plural (they will be
opened). The prefix ( va) means "and," but also reverses the tense of the verb to perfect
(and they were opened).
Issue #072
( ey-ney)
This base word is the noun ( ayin) meaning "eye." It is written in the plural form
(), but because this is part of a construct noun with the next noun, the letter ( m) is
dropped.
( sh-ney-hem)
This base word is the number ( sh'ney) meaning "two." The suffix ( hem) means
"them." Together this means "two of them." This word and the previous create the
construct "eyes of the two of them," and is the subject of the previous verb, the "they" in
"and they were opened."
( vai'yed-u)
This is the verb ( Y.D.Ah) meaning to "know." The suffix ( u) identifies the tense of
the verb as imperfect (will know) and the subject of the verb as 3 rd person masculine
plural (they will know). The prefix ( va) means "and," but also reverses the tense of the
verb to perfect (and they knew).
( kiy)
This word means "that," "for" or "because" and is used to explain what came previously.
( ey-rum-mim)
The base word is the noun ( ey-rum), meaning "naked," but is written in the plural
form.
( heym)
This is a pronoun meaning "them."
( vai-yit-p-ru)
This is the verb ( T.P.R) meaning to "sew together." The suffix ( u) identifies the
tense of the verb as imperfect (will sow together) and the subject of the verb as 3 rd person
masculine plural (they will sew together). The prefix ( va) means "and," but also
reverses the tense of the verb to perfect (and they sewed together).
( a-leyh)
This noun means "leaf" or "leaves."
( t-ey-nah)
This noun means "fig" or "fig tree." Whenever two nouns are put together, such as with
this noun and the previous one, they are a construct and in English we would place the
word "of" between them leaves of the fig tree.
Issue #072
( vai-ya-a-su)
This is the verb ( Ah.S.Ah) meaning to "do," but often in the context of making
something The suffix ( u) identifies the tense of the verb as imperfect (will make) and
the subject of the verb as 3rd person masculine plural (they will make). The prefix ( va)
means "and," but also reverses the tense of the verb to perfect (and they made). Verbs
that end with the letter ( h), often drop this letter when they are conjugated.
( la-hem)
The ( la) is a prefix meaning "to" or "for" and the ( hem) is a suffix meaning "them."
Put together this word means "to them" or "for them."
( hha-go-rot)
This base word is the feminine noun ( hhagor) meaning a "waist wrap," but is
written in the feminine form by adding the ( ot) suffix.
The following is a literal rendering of this verse from its Hebraic meaning.
And the eyes of the two of them were opened and they knew that they were
naked and they sewed together leaves of the fig tree and they made for them
waist wraps.
In following issues we will continue with this chapter.
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Issue #072
This verse also has a few differences from the Masoretic text. On the bottom line
the underlined word to the right is ( elgibor). In the Masoretic text this is
written as two words - ( el gibor). The word ( el) means "God" and
(gibor) means "warrior". Together these words mean "God is a warrior". Because
these two words are written as one in the Dead Sea Scroll it appears that these
two words are a name - "elgibor".
The two underlined words to the left of "elgibor" is ( aviy ad). The word
( aviy) means "father of.." and ( ad) means "again" or "until". This word is
often used in the phrase ( l'olam v'ed). While this is usually translated as
"forever and ever" it literally means "to eternity and again". The word ( ad/ed)
never means "eternity". These two words would best be translated as "father of
Ad (a name)" as "father of again" or "father of until" makes no sense. In the
Masoretic text these two words are written as one indicating a name - Aviyad.
The far left underlined phrase is ( sar hashalom). In the Masoretic text
this phrase is written as ( sar shalom), the letter ( ha) meaning "the" is
missing. The word ( sar) means "ruler" and ( shalom) means "peace" (or
more literally whole or complete). The phrase in the Masoretic text would be
translated as "ruler of peace" while in the Dead Sea Scroll it would be "ruler of
the peace" or "ruler of the peaceful one". It is likely the word ( hashalom) is
again a name - Hashalom (Another name for "Jerusalem"?).
Realizing that this verse is identifying the name of child, it is likely that the final
words of this passage would be translated as "Elgibor the father of Ad, ruler of
Hashalom".
This article is located on the web site at
http://www.ancient-hebrew.org/bible_isaiahscroll.html
Issue #072
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AHRC Update
New web content, articles, books, videos and DVDs produced by AHRC as well as any
new events.
Learn the Ancient Pictographic Hebrew Script - 4/13/2016
The Nature of God (Elohim) - 1/24/2016
Mechanical Translation of the Ten Commandments - 1/22/2016
Archives of Ebla and the Bible - 1/17/2016
The Living Words (Excerpts) - 1/3/2016
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A History of Hebrew: Its Language and Philosophy
by Jeff A. Benner
This 83 minute video explores the history of the Hebrew Bible,
called the Old Testament by Christians and the Tanakh by Jews
and its language and philosophy. The Hebrew Bible is an Ancient
Near Eastern text, which was written millennia ago within a time
and culture that is vastly different from our own. The author's
perspectives on life and the world around them are steeped with
their own traditions, lifestyles, manners and thoughts. When
reading and studying this text we cannot interject our own cultural
perspectives into the text, to do so would bring about interpretations
and conclusions that are far removed from the authors intended
meaning.
We will be examining the Hebrew alphabet, language, philosophy
and culture to uncover the evidence that supports a perspective of
these ancient Near Eastern texts that is very different from the way
they are normally perceived and we will dig into the deeper
meanings of these texts from an ancient perspective.
Editorials
Do you have a comment or personal insight into the articles in this issue of the E-Zine? If
so, let us know.
Issue #072
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Corrections
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Copyright 2016
Jeff A. Benner
Ancient Hebrew Research Center
Please feel free to use, copy or distribute any material within the "Biblical Hebrew E-Magazine" for nonprofit educational purposes only.
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