Vidyamandir Classes

Aggarwal Corporate Heights, 3rd Floor, Plot No. A - 7, Netaji Subhash Place,
Pitam Pura, Delhi - 110034 Phone: 011-45221190-93. Fax : 25222953

Assignment 1

Dilute Solution and Colligative

Problems
1.

Calculate mole fractions of urea and water if 2.0 g of urea is dissolved in 31.4 g of aqueous solution.

2.

Under what condition will the molality of a solute not be equal to its molarity?

3.

A sugar syrup of weight 214.2 g contains 34.2 g of sugar (C 12H22O11). Calculate (i) molal concentration, and (ii)
mole fraction of sugar in the syrup.

4.

Calculate mole fraction of solute in an aqueous 4 m solution assuming the density of the solution as 1.0 g/mL

5.

Nitric acid (70%) has a specific gravity of 1.42. Find the normality and molarity of the acid.

6.

1 g of NaCl is dissolved in 10 g of a solution, the density of which is 1.07 g/cc. Find the molality and molarity of
NaCl.

7.

Calculate mole fraction, molarity and molality of C 2H5OH solution which is 50% by weight of C 2H5OH in H2O
and has a density of .9144 g per cc.

8.

The molarity and molality of a solution are M and m respectively. If the molecular weight of the solute is M,
calculate the density of the solution in terms of M, m and M .

9.

When 400 g of a 20% solution was cooled, 50 g of the solute precipitated. What is the percent concentration of the
remaining solution.

10.

In what mass of water must 25 g of CuSO4.5H2O be dissolved to obtain an 8% solution of CuSO4?

11.

One litre of water was added to 500 mL of 32% HNO 3 of density 1.20 g/ML. What is the percent concentration of
HNO3 in the solution obtained ?

12.

Determine the percent concentration of a solution obtained by mixing 300 g of a 25% and 400 g of a 40% solution.

13.

Calculate the percent concentration of a 9.58 N NaOH solution of density 1.31 g/ML.

14.

The pressure of the water vapour of a solution containing a nonvolatile solute is 2% below that of the vapour of
pure water. Determine the molality of the solution.

15.

What is the vapour pressure at 100C of a solution containing 15.6 g of water and 1.68 g of sucrose (C12H22O11)?

16.

The vapour pressure of an aqueous solution of cane sugar (mol. Wt. 342) is 756 mm at 100C. How many grams
of sugar are present per 1000 g of water?

17.

At 20C the vapour pressure of ether is 442 mm of Hg. When 6.1 g of a substance is dissolved in 50 g of ether
(mol. Wt. 74), the vapour pressure falls to 410 mm. What is the molecular weight of the substance?

18.

0.5 g of a nonvolatile organic compound (mol. Wt. 65) is dissolved in 100 mL of CCl 4. If the vapour pressure of
pure CCl4 is 143 mm, what would be the vapour pressure of the solution ? (Density of CCl4 solution is 1.58 g/cc).

C_2Y_ Dilute Solution and Collig. Properties _Assignment 1

Vidyamandir Classes

19.

Which of the following aqueous solutions has a higher vapour pressure if the density of water is 1 g/cc?
(a) Solution having mole fraction of cane sugar = 0.1
(b) Solution having molal concentration = 1 m

20.

An aqueous solution containing 20% by weight of liquid X (mol. Wt. = 140) has a vapour pressure 160 mm at
60C. Calculate the vapour pressure of pure liquid X if the vapour pressure of water is 150 mm at 60C.

21.

At 25C, benzene and toluene have densities 0879 and 0.867 g/cc respectively. Assuming that benzene-toluene
solutions are ideal, establish the equation for the density of the solution.
d

1
0.879V 0.867 100 V
100

Where V is the volume per cent of benzene.

Ethanol and methanol form a solution that is very nearly ideal. The vapour pressure of ethanol is 44.5 mm and that
of methanol is 88.7 mm at 20C.
(a) Calculate the mole fraction of methanol and ethanol in a solution obtained by mixing 60 g of ethanol with 40 g
of methanol.
(b) Calculate the partial pressure and the total vapour pressure of this solution and the mole fraction of ethanol in
the vapour.

23.

The vapour pressure of pure benzene is 22 mm and that of pure toluene is 75 mm at 20C. What is the composition
of the solution of these two components that has a vapour pressure of 50 mm at this temperature? What is the
composition of vapour in equilibrium with this solution.

24.

A solution containing ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol has a vapour pressure of 290 mm at 30C. Find the vapour
pressure of pure ethyl alcohol if its mole fraction in the solution is 0.65. The vapor pressure of propyl alcohol is
210 mm at the same temperature.

25.

What are partial and total vapour pressures at 25C above the solution having equal numbers of molecules of
benzene and toluene? The vapour pressures of benzene and toluene at this temperature are 95.1 and 28.4 mm Hg
respectively. What is the composition of the vapour in equilibrium with benzene-toluene solution?

26.

Benzene and toluene form nearly ideal solutions. If at 27C the vapour pressures of pure toluene and pure benzene
are 32.06 mm and 10..01 mm respectively. (a) Calculate the vapour pressure of a solution containing 0.60 mole
fraction of toluene. (b) Calculate the mole of fraction of toluene in vapour for this composition of the liquid.

27.

At 50C the vapour pressures of pure water and ethyl alcohol are, respectively 92.5 mm and 219.9 mm of Hg. If 6
g of nonvolatile solute of mol. Wt. 120 is dissolved in 150 g of each of these solvents, what will be the relative
vapour pressure lowering in the two solvents?

28.

Calculate the molecular weight of a substance, 10 g of which in 1 litre of solution exerts an osmotic pressure of 81
mm Hg at 27 K.

29.

The water vapour pressure at 293 K is 2338 Pa and the vapour pressure of an aqueous solution is 2295.8 Pa.
Determine its osmotic pressure at 313 K if the solution density at this temperature is 1010 kg/m 3. The molecular
weight of the solute is 60.

C_2Y_ Dilute Solution and Collig. Properties _Assignment 1

Vidyamandir Classes
30.

What is the osmotic pressure of a solution of 4.48 g of a substance of molecular weight 286 in 100 cm 3 water at
298 K?

31.

10.1 g of a volatile liquid occupies a volume of 4 litres when vaporized at 100C and 70 cm pressure. What would
be the osmotic pressure of a 2% (grams per 100 cc) solution of this substance at 0C ?

32.

The average osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.7 atm at 40C. (a) What should be the total concentration of
various solutes in the blood? (b) Assuming this concentration to be essentially the same as the molality, find the
freezing point of blood. [K f (H2O) = 1.86]

33.

A solution containing 10.2 g of glycerene per litre is fond to be isotonic with a 2% solution of glucose. Calculate
the molecular weight of glycerene (mol. Wt. of glucose = 180).

34.

The osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution containing 45 g of sucrose (343) per litre of solution is 2.97 atm at
0C. Find the value of the gas constant and compare the result with the accepted value.

35.

What is the freezing point of a solution containing 6.84 g of sucrose per 500 g of water? Kf for water is 1.86Cm1.

36.

What weight of glycerol would have to be added to 1000 g of water in order to lower its freezing point by 10C?

37.

An aqueous solution cointains 10% by weight of urea (60.00) and 5% by weight of glucose (180.00). What will be
its freezing point? K f for water is 1.86.

38.

If glycerene, C3H5(OH)3, and methyl alcohol, CH3OH, are sold at the same price per kg, which would be cheaper
for preparing an antifreeze solution for the radiator of an automobile?

39.

How much ice will separate if a solution containing 25 g of ethylene glycol [C 2H4(OH)2] in 100 g of water is
cooled to 10C ? K f (H2O) = 1.86.

40.

What approximate proportions by volume of water (d = 1 g/cc) and ethylene glycol C 2H6O2 (d = 1.12 g/cc) must
be mixed to ensure protection of an automobile cooling system to 10C. K f (H2O) = 1.86.

41.

At 25C a solution containing 0.2 g of polyisobytylene in 100 cc of benzene, developed a rise of 2.4 mm at
osmotic equilibrium. Calculate the molecular weight of polyisobutylene if the density of the solution is 0.88 g/cc.

42.

0.1 g of an unknown substance was dissolved in 5 g of camphor and its was found that the melting point of
camphor was depressed by 5.3C. If K f is 39.7, find the weight of 1 mole of the solute.

43.

1.23 g of a substance dissolved in 10 g of water raised the boiling point of water to 100.39C. Calculate the
molecular weight of the substance. (Kb = 0.52Cm1)

44.

Two elements A and B form compounds having formulae AB 2 and AB4. When dissolve din 20 g of benzene, 1 g
of AB2 lowers the freezing point by 2.3C whereas 1 g of AB 4 lowers the freezing point by 1.3C. Calculate the
atomic weights of A and B. (K f for benzene = 5.1C m1).

45.

When 45 g of glucose was dissolved in 500 g of water, the solution has a freeing point of 0.93C.
(a) What is the molecular weight of glucose
(b) If the simplest formula is CH2O, what is its molecular formula?

46.

Calculate Kb of water when 1 mole of the solute is dissolved in 1000 g of water. The latent heat of vaporization of
water is 539.9 calories per gram.

47.

Molal elevation constant of chloroform is 3.88, 0.3 g of camphor added to 25.2 g of chloroform raised the boiling
point of the solvent by 0.299C. Calculate the molecular weight of camphor.

C_2Y_ Dilute Solution and Collig. Properties _Assignment 1

Vidyamandir Classes
48.

Calculate the molal depression constant of water. Latent heat of fusion of ice at 0C is 80 calories per gram.

49.

Kb for CCl4 is 5.02. The boiling point of pure CCl 4 is 76.8C. Calculate the boiling point of a 1 molal solution of
naphthalene (C10H8) is CCl4.

50.

Calculate the Kb for chloroform from the following data:

51.

A solution containing 1.23 g of Ca(NO3)2 in 10 g of water boils at 100.975. Calculate the degree of ionization of
the nitrate (Kb = 0.52).

52.

A 0.5% aqueous solution of KCl was found to freeze at 272.76 K. Calculate the vant Hoff factor and the degree of
dissociation of KCl at this concentration. K f (H2O) = 1.86Cm1.

53.

When 60.26 g of VCl4 was added to 1000 g of solvent CCl 4, the freezing point of CCl4 was depressed by 5.415C.
K

for CCl4 is 29.9. Compare the number of moles of particles with the number predicted by the formula.

Calculate the number of dimmers, V2Cl4 present.

At 25C, a 0.1 m solution of CH 3COOH is 1.35 % dissociated. Calculate the freezing point and osmotic pressure
of the solution. Compare your results with those expected under conditions of no dissociation. K

for water =

1.86C m .
55.

The vapour pressure of a 0.01 m solution of a weak base BOH in water at 20C is 17.536 mm. Calculate K b for
the base. Aq. Tension at 20C = 17.54 mm.

56.

In an Ostwald-Walker experiment, dry air was first blown through a solution containing a certain amount of solute
(M = 278) in 150 g of water, and then also through pure water. The loss in mass of water was found to be 0.0827 g
while the mass of water absorbed in sulphuric acid was 3.317 g. Calculate the amount of the solute.

57.

Pheromones are compound secreted by the females of many insect species to attract males. One of these
compounds contains 80.78% C, 13.56% H, and 5.66% O. a solution of 1.0 g of this substance in 8.50 cc of
benzene freezes at 3.37C. What are the molecular weight and molecular formula of the compound? (f. p. of C6H6
= 5.5C, Kf (C6H6) = 5.12C/m)

58.

The vapour pressure of pure water at 25C is 23.62 mm Hg. What will be the vapour pressure of a solution of
1.5 g of urea in 50 g of water.

C_2Y_ Dilute Solution and Collig. Properties _Assignment 1

Vidyamandir Classes

Answer Key
1.

0.02,0.98

3. 0.556 m, 0.0099
M
1

m 1000

8. D M

7. 0.281.9.93 M, 21.7 m

12. 33.6%

13. 28.3%

18. 141.93 mm

4. 0.0674

14. 1.134 m

19. (b)

9. 8.6%

15. 75.57 cm

20. 470.5 mm

23. 0.47 : 0.53 : 0.20 : 0.80

24. 333.12

26. (a) 60.44 mm (b) 0.318

27. 0.006, 0.015

5. 15.8 N, 15.8 M

6. 1.899 m, 1.829 M

10.174.775 g

11. 12.8%

16. 99.94 g

17. 115.4

22. (a) 0.49, 0.51 (b) 22.7, 43.5, 0.34

29. (2.56106 Pa)

30. 3.86 atm

31. (5.34 atm)

32. (0.29 mole/litre, 0.539C

33. 91.8

35. 0.074C

36. 495 g

37. 4.254C

39. 25.05 g

41. 2.4105

42. 150

47.154

48. 1.84

43. 164

49. 81.8C

38. CH3OH

44. 25.57, 42.65

34. 0.0826 lit. atm/K/mole

45. (b) 180: C6H12O6)

46. 0.514

52. 1.92,0.92

53. V2Cl8 = 0.134 mole; VCl4 = 0.0473 mole

55. 9.7104

56. 0.57 g

57. 282, C19H38O

58. 23.41 mm Hg

C_2Y_ Dilute Solution and Collig. Properties _Assignment 1