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Study The Effect of Acids and Bases On The Tensile Strength of A Fibre
Study The Effect of Acids and Bases On The Tensile Strength of A Fibre
CBSE GRADE XI - B
IN
Chemistry
AT
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BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that HAIDER KHOKHAWALA of
Grade XI-B, INDIAN PUBLIC SHOOL with Roll
Number 14 has compiled this Chemistry project in
partial fulfillment of the requirements as prescribed
by CBSE in the year 2016-17.
Signature of the
Teacher In-charge
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I warmly acknowledge the continuous
encouragement and timely suggestions offered by
our dear Principal Mr.K.A.Rodrigues. I extend my
hearty thanks for giving me the opportunity to
make use of the facilities available in the campus
to carry out the project successfully.
I am highly indebted to Mrs. Rachel Thomson & my
lab teacher Mrs. Julie sam for the constant
supervision, providing necessary information and
supporting in completing the project. I would like to
express my gratitude towards them for their kind
co-operation and encouragement.
Finally I extend my gratefulness to one and all who
are directly or indirectly involved in the successful
completion of this project work.
Signature of the
Candidate
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INDEX
S.NO NAME
1.
REMAR
K
Pg No.
2
2.
BONAFIDE
CARTIFICATE.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
3.
INTRODUCTION.
5-6
4.
THEORY
7-8
5.
AIM
6.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
10
7.
PROCEDURE.
11
8.
OBSERVATIONS
12
9.
CONCLUSION.
13
10.
PRECAUTIONS
14
11.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
15
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INTRODUCTION
Fibre is a class of materials that are continuous
filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces,
similar to lengths of thread. A fiber is an elongated
tapering thick-walled plant cell that imparts
elasticity, flexibility, and tensile strength. Tensile
strength of fibres can be determined by hanging
weights tied to it and comparing the weight a
string can hold. Traditionally, natural fibers have
been used in all cultures for making utilitarian
products. Different parts of the plant are used.
Fibers can be extracted from the bark (banana,
jute, hemp, and ramie), stem (banana, palm, and
bamboo), leaf (palm, screw pine, sisal, agave),
husk (coir), seeds (cotton), and grass (sikki,
madhurkati, benakati, munj). Animal fibers are
obtained from a variety of animal coats, and insect
fibers from cocoons.
Even before the arrival of man-made fibers,
manufacturers could create hundreds of different
kinds of fabrics, differing mainly by fiber content,
weight, style of weave, or sheen. Here are just a
few of these historic fabrics, along with the natural
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THEORY
Depending upon the source, various fibres can be categorized as:
1. Animal fibre(e.g., silk and wool)
2. Vegetable fibre(e.g., cotton and linen)
3. Synthetic fibre(e.g., nylon and rayon)
Natural fibres can be classified according to their origin. The
vegetable, or cellulose-base, class includes such important fibres
as cotton, flax, and jute; the animal, or protein-base, fibres
include wool,mohair, and silk; an important fibre in the mineral
class is asbestos.
The vegetable fibres can be divided into smaller groups, based
on their origin within the plant. Cotton, kapok, and coir are
examples of fibres originating as hairs borne on the seeds or
inner walls of the fruit, where each fibre consists of a single,
long, narrow cell. Flax, hemp, jute, and ramie are bast fibres,
occurring in the inner bast tissue of certain plant stems and made
up of overlapping cells. Abaca, henequen, and sisal are fibres
occurring as part of the fibro vascular system of the leaves.
Chemically, all vegetable fibres consist mainly of cellulose,
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AIM
To find the effect of acids and alkalies on tensile strength of
cotton, silk and wool fibres.
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11 | P a g e
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Observations:SI.N Type of
O
fibre.
1.
2.
3.
4.
cotton
wool
silk
polyester
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CONCLUSION.
Conclusions drew from the experiment are:1. Alkalies decrease the tensile strength of woolen fibers.
2. Acids practically do not affect this fiber.
3. Tensile strength of cotton thread is decreased by acids and
it remains unaffected by alkalis.
4. Nylon fiber is practically unaffected by both acids and
alkalies.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Comprehensive practical chemistry-XI
Wikipedia
Encyclopedia
Britannica
Online
Encyclopedia
www.textileschool.com
www.meritnation.com.
http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/
pdf/