Problems On Function Thomas
Problems On Function Thomas
Chapter 1
Practice Exercises
Inequalities
In Exercises 14, solve the inequalities and show the solution sets on
the real line.
1. 7 + 2x 3
2. -3x 6 10
1
1
3. sx - 1d 6 sx - 2d
5
4
x - 3
4 + x
4.
2
3
3
x
` 7
2
2
Absolute Value
7. ` 1 -
69
6. y - 3 6 4
8. `
2x + 7
` 5
3
Coordinates
9. A particle in the plane moved from As -2, 5d to the y-axis in such
a way that y equaled 3x . What were the particles new coordinates?
10. a. Plot the points As8, 1d, Bs2, 10d, Cs -4, 6d, Ds2, -3d , and
E(14>3, 6).
b. Find the slopes of the lines AB, BC, CD, DA, CE, and BD.
c. Do any four of the five points A, B, C, D, and E form a parallelogram?
d. Are any three of the five points collinear? How do you know?
e. Which of the lines determined by the five points pass through
the origin?
11. Do the points As6, 4d, Bs4, -3d , and Cs -2, 3d form an isosceles
triangle? A right triangle? How do you know?
30. y = x 2>5
32. y = e -x
31. y = x - 2x - 1
Lines
33. y = x 2 + 1
34. y = x 5 - x 3 - x
35. y = 1 - cos x
x + 1
x 3 - 2x
39. y = x + cos x
37. y =
38. y = 1 - sin x
40. y = 2x 4 - 1
70
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
45. y = 2e
-x
42. y = -2 + 21 - x
41. y = x - 2
43. y = 216 - x 2
44. y = 32 - x + 1
- 3
48. y = x 2>5
49. y = ln sx - 3d + 1
50. y = -1 + 22 - x
g1sxd
65. x 3
66. 2x
67. 4 - x 2
Piecewise-Defined Functions
68. x 2 + x
In Exercises 51 and 52, find the (a) domain and (b) range.
51. y = e
2 -x,
2x,
-4 x 0
0 6 x 4
-x - 2,
52. y = x,
-x + 2,
54.
69. y = cos 2x
y
5
Composition of Functions
a. s + gds -1d .
b. sg + ds2d .
c. s + dsxd .
d. sg + gdsxd .
1sxd
60. x
61. x
g sxd = 2x + 1
g sxd = 21 - x
2sxd 5 1s x d
g sxd = 2x + 2
x
x 3
59. x
2x + 2
56. sxd = 2 - x,
p
b.
4
g sxd =
p
b.
3
1
55. sxd = x ,
71. y = sin px
x
2
px
72. y = cos
2
70. y = sin
(2, 5)
4 - x2
x2 + x
In Exercises 6972, sketch the graph of the given function. What is the
period of the function?
-2 x - 1
-1 6 x 1
1 6 x 2
Trigonometry
g2sxd 5 g1sxd
x
2x
1
62. x
1
x
63. 2x
2 x
64. sin x
sin x
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
71
b. y = -sxd
c. y = -2sx + 1d + 1
d. y = 3sx - 2d - 2
y
1 - cos x
sin x
=
1 + cos x
sin x
b.
1 - cos x
x
= tan2
1 + cos x
2
2a cos u 2 b
a2c
b. odd.
b
u
y
a
(3, 2)
1
0
1
(1, 1)
4. Are there two functions and g with the following property? The
graphs of and g are not straight lines but the graph of + g is a
straight line. Give reasons for your answer.
5. If (x) is odd, can anything be said of g sxd = sxd - 2? What if
is even instead? Give reasons for your answer.
6. If g (x) is an odd function defined for all values of x, can anything
be said about g (0)? Give reasons for your answer.
7. Graph the equation x + y = 1 + x .
8. Graph the equation y + y = x + x .
Trigonometry
In Exercises 914, ABC is an arbitrary triangle with sides a, b, and c
opposite angles A, B, and C, respectively.
9. Find b if a = 23, A = p>3, B = p>4 .
3. a 6 b and c 7 0 Q ac 6 bc
4. a 6 b and c 6 0 Q bc 6 ac
(Special case: a 6 b Q -b 6 -a)
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
b. b changes (a and c fixed, a Z 0)?
1
5. a 7 0 Q a 7 0
1
1
6. 0 6 a 6 b Q
6 a
b
1
1
7. a 6 b 6 0 Q
6 a
b
20. Prove that the following inequalities hold for any real numbers a
and b.
a. a 6 b if and only if a 2 6 b 2
b. a - b a - b
Generalizing the triangle inequality Prove by mathematical induction that the inequalities in Exercises 21 and 22 hold for any n real
numbers a1, a2 , , an . (Mathematical induction is reviewed in Appendix 1.)
21. a1 + a2 + + an a1 + a2 + + an
22. a1 + a2 + + an a1 - a2 - - an
23. Show that if is both even and odd, then sxd = 0 for every x in
the domain of .
24. a. Even-odd decompositions Let be a function whose domain is symmetric about the origin, that is, -x belongs to the
domain whenever x does. Show that is the sum of an even
function and an odd function:
27. Find all values of the slope of the line y = mx + 2 for which the
x-intercept exceeds 1>2 .
Geometry
28. An objects center of mass moves at a constant velocity y along a
straight line past the origin. The accompanying figure shows the
coordinate system and the line of motion. The dots show positions
that are 1 sec apart. Why are the areas A1, A2 , , A5 in the figure
all equal? As in Keplers equal area law (see Section 13.6), the
line that joins the objects center of mass to the origin sweeps out
equal areas in equal times.
y
t56
10
t55
Kilometers
72
A5
yDt
A4
yDt
A3
t52
A2
t51
A1
10
Kilometers
15
29. a. Find the slope of the line from the origin to the midpoint P, of
side AB in the triangle in the accompanying figure sa, b 7 0d .
y
B(0, b)
A(a, 0)