The document discusses land acquisition in India, including the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 which allows the government to acquire land for infrastructure and development projects. It notes that while this has enabled economic growth, it has also displaced many tribal families and small farmers, often without adequate compensation or assistance in finding new livelihoods. A case study of the POSCO steel plant in Odisha is presented, where hundreds of families are using the acquired forest land for betel cultivation and may be eligible for land rights under the Forest Rights Act, but the project is ongoing. The definition of affected families is also outlined.
The document discusses land acquisition in India, including the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 which allows the government to acquire land for infrastructure and development projects. It notes that while this has enabled economic growth, it has also displaced many tribal families and small farmers, often without adequate compensation or assistance in finding new livelihoods. A case study of the POSCO steel plant in Odisha is presented, where hundreds of families are using the acquired forest land for betel cultivation and may be eligible for land rights under the Forest Rights Act, but the project is ongoing. The definition of affected families is also outlined.
The document discusses land acquisition in India, including the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 which allows the government to acquire land for infrastructure and development projects. It notes that while this has enabled economic growth, it has also displaced many tribal families and small farmers, often without adequate compensation or assistance in finding new livelihoods. A case study of the POSCO steel plant in Odisha is presented, where hundreds of families are using the acquired forest land for betel cultivation and may be eligible for land rights under the Forest Rights Act, but the project is ongoing. The definition of affected families is also outlined.
The process of land acquisition by the central or state government of
India for various infrastructure and economic growth initiatives Reason for Acquisition: Definition of Public Purpose i. Strategic purposes ii. Industry & Infrastructure iii. Land acquired for R&R purposes iv. Planned development - residential purpose for poor, educational & health schemes v. Land for private companies for public purpose vi. Needs that arise from natural calamity
LAND ACQUISITION ACT,1894
Law that allows government to acquire land from the land owners after paying a fixed government compensation in lieu of their losses
Acquisition Process Investigation & Notification *From Chapter 7
of the ACT
Objection & Confirmation
Claim & Reward
Reference to Court
Apportionment
Impacts Controversies & Criticisms
Development Related Displacement Displacement of public due to large scale projects like dams, canals, thermal plants, sanctuaries, industries & Mining etc.., Statistical reports indicated 1 in 10 Indian tribal's is a displaced person
Compensation offered was fairly low with regard to the current
prices
The displaced people failed to get better jobs due to low Human Capital
Majority of the displaced people are from the weakest sections of
the society & they are unable to raise their voice Ignorance of stakeholders in the share of the property
This provides an added benefit to many entrepreneurs and
promoters of the company
Land Acquisition Issue: POSCO Case
Issue 1. Current status- acquired 2,100 acres of land and transferred 546 acres to POSCO India 2. Land to be given to POSCO plant is classified as forest land 3. Hundreds of tribal families using the forest land for betel cultivation Forest Rights Act: Many of the people of the area are eligible for right over this land,especially the lands they are cultivating, as they have been living in the area for morethan 75 years NC Saxena committee: all land acquisition and transfer for Posco Indiaproject is violation of Forest Rights Act and need to be stopped Posco has not set up any health clinics schools in the region.
Definition of Affected Families
Land Owners Family whose land/other immovable properties have beenacquired Those who are assigned land by the Governments undervarious schemes Right holders under the Forest Rights Act, 2006 Livelihood Losers A family whose livelihood is primarily dependent on the landbeing acquired May or may not own property
Affected Families = Land Owners + Livelihood Losers
Comparison Between Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and The Right To Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement ACT 2013