01 2016 PAWEES Abstract Final PDF
01 2016 PAWEES Abstract Final PDF
01 2016 PAWEES Abstract Final PDF
2016
The 15th PAWEES Conference of Sustainable Paddy Water
Management in Water-Energy-Food NEXUS
20 21 October 2016
Daejeon, South Korea
Theme 1: Water-Food Relationships and Agricultural Water Management
Theme 2: Tools and Analysis for Better Paddy Water Management
Theme 3: Climate Change and Paddy Water Management
Theme 4: Agricultural water for the development of rural society in Asia
ORGANIZERS
International Society of Paddy and Water Environment Engineering (PAWEES)
Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (KSAE)
Seoul National University (SNU)
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)
Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRC)
The Policy Council for the PALDANG Watershed
Daejeon International Marketing Enterprise(DIME)
PROGRAMME
The PAWEES2016 conference program details are currently being prepared as follows:
Time
Schedule
Theme 2 - Tools and Analysis for Better Paddy Water
Room
Damoa Hall
(1st floor)
9:00~10:45 Management
Chair: Sewoon WANG(Gyeongsang National University)
10:45~11:00
Coffee Break
11:00~12:00
12:00~13:00
Lunch Break
20
13:00~14:00
Poster Session
October,
Theme 1 - Water-Food Relationships and Agricultural Water
Thursday
13:30~15:10 Management
Damoa Hall
(1st floor)
Damoa Hall
(1st floor)
15:10~15:20
15:20~17:00
Coffee Break
Theme 3 - Climate Change and Paddy Water Management
Chair: Takao MASUMOTO(National Agriculture and Food Organization)
17:00~18:00
18:00~20:00
9:30~12:00
12:00~13:00
Lunch
21
October,
Friday 13:00~18:00
18:00~20:00
Damoa Hall
(1st floor)
Damoa Hall
(1st floor)
Technical Tour
(The Geum River Estuarine Dike
Saemangeum
Yusung
HOTEL
SMALL CONFERENCE
The PAWEES2016 Small conference details are currently being prepared as follows:
Date
Time
Title
9:10 ~ 9:15
Welcome
9:15 ~ 9:20
9:20 ~ 9:35
20
9:35 ~ 9:50
October,
Speaker
Thursday
9:50 ~ 10:05
Indra
Setiawan
(Indonesia)
10:05 ~
10:20
10:20 ~
10:45
Room
Mr. Seung
Won
Lee
(Korea)
Prince Hall
(2nd floor)
Joko Sujono
( Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Valiollah Karimi
(Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology)
Atiqotun Fitriyah
(Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology)
farmers income
Davy Sao
Naoko KOSHIYAMA
Institute for Cold Region)
Title
Shuhei Nakamura
(Utsunomiya University)
Hiroshi Ikeura
7
(Japan International
Agricultural Sciences)
8
9
Toshiaki Iida
(University of Tokyo)
Pu-Reun Yoon
(Seoul National University)
Chihhao Fan
10
Haraz Extension and Technology Development Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension
Organization (AREEO), Mahmoodabad, Iran
2
M.Sc. Student of Haraz University
Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and
Technology, Tokyo, Japan
2
Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Keywords: Rice Planting Method; Thailand; Irrigation; Farming Scale; Farming cost
ABSTRACT
Currently in Thailand, labor shortage and wage increase associating economic development have given
significant impacts on agricultural production. As rice cropping is also forced to change largely, the
typical changes can be observed in rice planting methods which reflect such many factors as paddy plot
size, state of irrigation development, and farming scale. Although the changes show various forms and
directions, the aptitude of each method for certain conditions and the future direction are not yet clarified.
This paper inventories the current changes of rice planting methods in three regions, Central Plane,
North and Northeast (divided into irrigated and rain-fed areas), of Thailand, and analyzes advantages
and disadvantages of each method. We carried out hearing surveys with questionnaires in the study
areas of each region. The results showed different patterns of changes in planting methods in different
regions. In Central Plane, it was found that machine-transplanting has become popular replacing
traditional hand-broadcasting. This transition was explained by the fact that machine-transplanting can
bring higher yield of rice than hand-broadcasting and the increase in yield exceeds the cost of entrusting
machine-transplanting. In Northern Thailand, since labor shortage has made the traditional handtransplanting difficult, trials of diversified methods were identified. The difficulty of the traditional
hand-transplanting was found also in Northeast. While the dominant shift to hand-broadcasting and
machine-transplanting was recognized in the irrigated area, continuation of self-sufficient rice cropping
seemed crucially difficult in the rain-fed area. From these results, we evaluated the aptitude of each
planting method for different conditions.
Rural Development Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences
Water Resources Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Laos
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
2
Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
Keywords: Paddy field irrigation; Irrigation labor; Excess irrigation; Farming style; Irrigation
information service
ABSTRACT
In this study, excess irrigation in paddy fields was defined as the irrigation while floodwater of a paddy
field plot is overflowing from the outlet of the plot. As it is hypothesized that the excess irrigation is
caused by the saving of irrigation work load, the relation between the saving of irrigation work load and
the amount of excess irrigation water was analyzed. Four farmers with various farm management styles,
i.e. a part-time farmer, an old full-time farmer, a young full-time farmer, and an agricultural corporation,
were selected as the study farmers. One plot was selected from the plots cultivated by each study farmer
as the study plot. The amount of excess irrigation water at the study plots was estimated from the precise
field monitoring of the amount of the irrigation water and the depth of the floodwater. The irrigation
work load of each study farmer was estimated from the spatial distribution of the plots cultivated by
each study farmer. The interview to each study farmer was also carried out. It was revealed that the
amount of excess irrigation water during a whole irrigation period was larger in case of the part-time
farmer and the agricultural corporation and smaller in case of the full-time farmers. The relation
between the irrigation work load and the amount of excess irrigation water was vague. It was suggested
that the management style of the farmhouse affects the amount of excess irrigation water.
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul
National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Keywords: Grain and Meat; Calorie Consumption Pattern; Virtual Water; Water Footprint
ABSTRACT
Due to global population growth and abnormal climate change, water demand is steadily increasing. As
the world population according to OECD statistics will reach around two billion people until 2050, it is
expected that water demand will rise 55% or more than. There is a virtual water and water footprint,
one of the methods that expect the water demand. To estimate the total volume of fresh water needed to
cultivate crop in agricultural areas, the concept of virtual water can be introduced. Also, water footprint
is the extended concept of virtual water proposed by A.Y. Hoekstra and A.K. Chapagain in 2002. By
considering the regional characteristics, this study is to analyze and compare the consumption patterns
of virtual water on grain and meat in representative developed and developing countries. Also, the result
of virtual water extends to the concept of water footprint, green and blue water footprint. The amount
of annual virtual water on grain was significantly estimated to be 331.43 /cap/year in India, whereas
the annual virtual water related to meat was biggest in Brazil, 850.83 /cap/year. In addition, the
averaged virtual water per calorie in meat was about 10 times more than grain. The developed countries,
where wheat and corn grown outdoors are staple grains, mainly used green water footprint. On the other
hand, the countries taking account of rice as the staple grain are relatively belonged to the higher
proportion at blue water footprint. The changes in food consumption patterns can significantly affect
the use of water resources.
Keywords: rice production; agricultural water consumption; domestic water supply; industrial
water supply; urbanization
ABSTRACT
The food and water nexus is an important issue which attracts a lot of attentions due to the impact of
global warming effect on the food and water redistribution. In the present study, the food-water nexus
of two different administrative areas were chosen for comparison. The Area T experienced extensive
urbanization during past few decades, while the other (Area Y) is the district for substantial agricultural
activities. The target functions were rice production, and agricultural water consumption. The
independent variables used for nexus analysis included enterprise sales, collectable tax per capita,
fishery production, atmospheric environmental quality, labor participation index, population, area of
paddy field, manufacturing sales. In the urbanized area, Variables with significant negative correlation
to rice production were domestic water supply, industrial water consumption, electricity sales,
enterprise sales, labor participation index, population and manufacturing index, while agricultural water
consumption and area of paddy field exhibit significant positive correlation. For conventional
agricultural area (Area Y), only the variable of atmospheric environmental quality showed significant
negative correlation with rice production. Apparently, urbanization is a key factor impacting
substantially on the rice production and agricultural water consumption. Due to less resources demands
and human/social/economic activities in conventional district (Area Y), the variation of agricultural
water consumption was found independent from all other investigated variables.
(Bogor Agricultural
University)
2
3
4
Takuji Kozawa
(University of Tokyo)
Yuma SHIMAMOTO
9
10
11
sedimentary condition
Analysis of Environmental Burden of Cement Improved Soil
Prediction and Assessment of Water Quality in Agricultural
(Kindai University)
(Tokyo University of
Yutaka Matsuno
K. Watabe
Subsurface Drainage
(Niigata University)
Tasuku KATO
5
Title
Da Rae Kim
(Konkuk University)
Ji Wan Lee
(Konkuk University)
HsinI Hsieh
(National Taiwan University)
Jeerapong Laonamsai
(Chulalongkorn University)
of
the
Relationship
between
Meteorological,
Chung-Gil Jung
(Konkuk University)
Keywords: Cement improved soil; Rice husk; Carbon dioxide emission; cogeneration system
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the utilization method of the waste material generated in the process of rice cropping has be
en required for sustainable rice cultivation. The purpose of this research is to develop an environmentally - f
riendly cement improved soil by using rice husk ash. One of the prerequisite conditions for developing this s
oil is a stable supply of rice husk ash with as little environmental burden as possible. In term of the reducti
on of environmental burdens, this paper analyzes both the energy efficiency in cogeneration system for the g
asfication of rice husk and the effectiveness in the reduction of carbon dioxide generated in the production o
f cement improved soil by adding rice husk ash. As a result, the cogeneration system creates twice as large
energy as the input, and mixing cement improved soil with rice husk ash causes an about 30 percent reducti
on of the carbon dioxide emission.
Keywords: Water Quality; Small pond; Nara; Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
ABSTRACT
In Nara Prefecture, Japan, many small agricultural ponds had been constructed for irrigating paddy rice field since
ancient times. In the last decades, economic growth and urbanization of the prefecture caused to decrease in agricultural
land area and the number of farmers that have consequently made the management of pond water environment difficult.
The present study was conducted to develop the water quality model using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) technique
for an assessment of the water environment of agricultural ponds in Nara. The study was especially intended to evaluate
an ability of the developed model to predict concentrations of Chl.a., COD, TN, and TP from the data of readily
measurable water quality parameters such as water temperature, EC, and DO. The developed model was calibrated with
the water quality data and validated with reasonable accuracy. The outcomes of the ANN model were also compared
with those of multiple regression model. It revealed that the ANN model was useful to assess and predict the water
quality status of agricultural ponds in Nara Prefecture.
Water and nitrogen balance analysis combined with surface and ground
water flow interaction in pump irrigated paddy area
Authors Tasuku KATO1 and Satoko OMINO2
1
Keywords: Rana japonica; Amphibia; Rural ecosystem; Biodiversity; Agricultural infrastructure improvement
ABSTRACT
Egg-mass distributions of the endemic Japanese brown frog, Rana japonica were investigated at 20 paddy field sites in
the middle Sakura River Basin, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, toward a development of conservation techniques for the frog
habitats. Egg-masses were counted in each site 400 to 1,000 meter around using a census route method. The survey was
replicated 6 to 9 times from March to May 2014 to 2015. The egg-mass distributions indicated that for sites after land
consolidation projects, a few frogs oviposited in shallow ponds and ditches with still-water, which often dry up, in March
before the beginning of irrigation. Since then, most frogs oviposited from late April to May. For sites without
consolidation projects, frogs already started to oviposit from March due to the existence of many puddles in the paddy
fields. These findings suggest that well-drained paddy fields because of the consolidation projects may cause a lag and
shortening of the frog oviposition period and that securement of still-water places would be important to provide their
oviposition habitats. It is expected that the preferable habitat conditions such as area and depth for their oviposition
could be proposed in the near future.
Graduate Student, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
2
Doctoral Student, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
3*
Professor , Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701,
South Korea, Corresponding author: [email protected], Tel: +82-2-450-3749, Fax: +82-2-444-0186
Doctoral Student, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
2
Ph.D., Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701,
South Korea, [email protected]
3
Ph.D. candidate, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143701, South Korea, [email protected]
4*
Professor , Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701,
South Korea, Corresponding author: [email protected], Tel: +82-2-450-3749, Fax: +82-2-444-0186
Keywords: Agricultural Drought; Reservoir Water Storage Rate; Big Data; Precipitation
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between precipitation deficit, SPI(standardized precipitation index)12 month, agricultural reservoir water storage deficit and agricultural drought-related big data, and evaluate the
usefulness of agricultural risk management through big data. For the long term drought (from January 2014 to December
2015), each data was collected and analyzed with monthly and Provincial base. The minimum SPI-12 and maximum
reservoir water storage deficit compared to normal year was occurred at the same time of July 2014, and August and
September 2015. The maximum frequency of big data was occurred at June and July of 2014, and March and June to
September of 2015. The maximum big data was occurred 1 month advanced in 2014 and 2 months advanced in 2015
than the maximum reservoir water storage deficit. The occurrence of big data was sensitive to spring drought from
March, late Jangma of June, dry Jangma of July and the rainfall deficit of September 2015. The big data was closely
related with the meteorological drought and agricultural drought. Because the big data is the in situ feeling drought, it
is proved as a useful indicator for agricultural risk management.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and development Program under Grant
KMIPA 20152070 and also was performed as a subproject of KISTIs project Development of HPC-based management
system against national-scale disaster funded by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning.
Graduate Student, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
*Corresponding Letter
Keywords: Stable isotope; fingerprinting; groundwater-surface water interactions; baseflow; water resources
management
ABSTRACT
An investigation using environmental isotopes (18O and D) was conducted to improve our understanding of the origin
and to provide baseline data on the spatial variation of surface and groundwater (in terms of baseflo) in the upper Chao
Phraya river basin where shortage of surface water is currently witnessed and groundwater has served as the secondary
source of drinking and agricultural water in water-stressed provinces for a sustainable water resources development
without adverse effects on the environment. Local precipitation, surface water, and groundwater along the main river
courses and their tributaries are directly sampled. In addition to the isotopic differentiation in the area, its impacts on
isotopic characteristics of surface water and groundwater are additionally explored. Surface water in the study area is
influenced by evaporation at some degree, revealing that rainfall may not be the primary source of surface water. Yom
rivers isotope values are far more D and 18O-enriched compared to Pings and Nans, suggesting the mixing of
groundwater with river water and/or the source of surface water may come from dry-period precipitation. Stable
oxygen and hydrogen isotope data in groundwater again fall on an evaporation line, and is thus indicative of the effects
of high evaporation rates through the top surficial material. The isotopic similarity with the more depleted D and
18O of groundwater samples suggests the potential mixing of groundwater with river water by different mixing
processes (54% from river water and 46% from rainfall). The results of stable isotope analyses show correlation
s in the isotope signature of shallow (i.e., < 50 m deep) and deeper aquifer (i.e., > 50 m deep) which may
be associated with hydraulic connection and/or similar hydrogeological conditions. d-excess stable isotope an
alyses are beneficial to identify the relative contributions of the wet and dry seasonal sources to the ground
water recharge. The results indicate that groundwater sources in the area are composed of an average of ap
proximately 71.4% wet seasonal sources and 28.6% dry seasonal sources. SWAT analysis can estimate baseflow
and groundwater recharge from streamflow records in the study area.
Ph.D. Candidate, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
2
Ph.D. Candidate, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
3
Doctoral Student, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
4*
Professor , Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701,
South Korea, Corresponding author: [email protected], Tel: +82-2-450-3749, Fax: +82-2-444-0186
Chusnul Arif
(Bogor Agricultural
University)
LIN Xiaolan
2
(Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology)
Yong-Hoon Shin
3
(Seoul National
University)
(Kyungpook National
University)
(Kyungpook National
University)
6
7
Bu-Yeong Oh
(Seoul National University)
JeHong Bang
(Seoul National University)
Shih-Wei Chiang
8
(Agricultural Engineering
Research Center)
Kuang-Chung Lee
9
10
Title
(National Dong-Hwa
University)
Fields
The study on the relationship between the thickness of oxidized
layer and temperature
Estimation of water requirements in paddy and upland using
WRF meteorological data
Scenario based climatic impacts on crop evapotranspiration of
Wheat-Rice cropping system in Punjab, Pakistan
Prediction of corn yield based on climatic scenarios in Dangbe
district of Ghana using Aqua crop model
Assessment of climate change impact on water footprint of
paddy rice using AquaCrop 5.0
Estimation of future agricultural water requirement of NakDong watershed under climate change
Investigation of the Effects of RCPs on Rice Water Requirements
for Chia-Nan Irrigation Area in Taiwan
Participatory Evaluation of Indicators of Resilience and
Strategic Planning of Paddy-Dominated Landscapes: A Case
Study of an Indigenous Rice Paddy Cultural Landscape in
Taiwan
PRECIPITATION
CHANGE
ESTIMATES
FOR
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
2
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Jendral Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
3
Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Japan
Keywords: estimation tools; greenhouse gas emissions; system of rice intensification; soil moisture, water
management
ABSTRACT
System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is known as mitigation strategy of greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields. In
term of global warming potential (GWP), SRI released lower greenhouse gas emission than that conventional practices.
Greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emitted into the atmosphere are affected by the
dynamic changes of soil condition and soil microbial activities inside. Measurements of the gases in the fields are
difficult and need advanced instrumentation. When the instruments are limited, the cost-effective and accurate
estimation method is needed. The current study proposes cost-effective and accurate estimation of greenhouse gas
emissions based on soil moisture, soil temperature and soil electrical conductivity data. By the developed method, it is
expected that optimum water management for mitigating option of SRI paddy fields can be well determined. The
proposed model was validated based on two experiments in two different locations during 4 June to 21 September 2012
and 2 July to 10 October 2014. In each location, there were three different irrigation regimes, i.e., wet, medium and dry
regimes. As the results, the developed model estimated CH4 and N2O emissions accurately with determination
coefficients (R2) of 0.91 and 0.76 for CH4 and N2O estimation, respectively. From the model, characteristics of those
greenhouse gas emissions can be well identified. For the mitigation strategy, water regime by keeping the water level at
nearly soil surface is the best strategy with highest yield and lowest GWP.
The study on the relationship between the thickness of oxidized layer and
temperature
LIN Xiaolan1, YOSHIDA Koshi2, MAEDA Shigeya2, KURODA Hisao2
1
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
2
College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Japan
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
33
National Centre for Agro Meteorology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Keywords: Water requirement; Soil moisture content; Grid-based water balance; WRF (Weather Research and
Forecast) model
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is estimating water requirments in paddy and upland by WRF (Weatehr Forecast and Reserach)
meteorological data. The WRF model which provides high resolution and grid-based meteorological data can improve
calculation of irrigation factors, such as evapotranspiration, soil moisture content and water requirements in paddy and
upland. The grid-based meteorological data derived from WRF was applied to water balance model and was compared
with the nearest weather station data. In paddy, the water requirement was estimated with the water balance model with
rainfall and evapotranspiration. In upland, the soil moisture model was designed by four layers according to the depth
of soil and the irrigation requirements at each layers were computed with soil moisture content and evapotranspiration.
Applicability estimation of the high resolution meteorological data on water requirement estimating model was
conducted with observed data. The results of application of the WRF meteorological data and the weather station data
showed differences in rainfall, evapotranspiration, and water requirements. As the grid-based WRF data indicated a
regional difference more than the weather station data, estimating the water requirement by WRF data was in accordance
with the observed data.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under Grant
Weather Information Service Engine (WISE) project (1204-ZZ-020-02D02-2016).
Graduate student, Dept. of Agricultural Civil Eng., Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, E-mail :
[email protected]
2
Member, Professor, Dept. of Agricultural Civil Eng., Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, E-mail :
[email protected]
Graduate student, Dept. of Agricultural Civil Eng., Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, E-mail :
[email protected]
2
Member, Professor, Dept. of Agricultural Civil Eng., Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, E-mail :
[email protected]
Department of Rural system Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
3
Texas A&M University, Biological and Agricultural Engineering, United States of America
4
Department of Rural and Bio-system Engineering College of Agricultural and Life Science, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Investigation of the Effects of RCPs on Rice Water Requirements for ChiaNan Irrigation Area in Taiwan
Shih-Wei Chiang1*
Associate Research Fellow, Engineering Division, Agricultural Engineering Research Center, Taiwan
Graduate Student, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
*Corresponding Letter
Keywords: Precipitation maps; GCM, climate uncertainties; Mae Klong river basin
ABSTRACT
Precipitation is the one important climate parameter in the hydrological model and water resources management. The
main purpose of this work is to evaluate six Global Climate Model (GCM) simulations based on capability to replicate
1980-2005 mean total precipitation for the Mae Klong river basin in Thailand. The seasonal and annual magnitudes
and spatial patterns of the GCM climates were compared to those of real observed data sets. The results demonstrated
that most of the GCMs selected in this work simulated the observed climate behavior (i.e., magnitude and spatial patterns)
reasonable well based on the coefficient of determination (r2) and the root mean square errors (RMSE). However, all
GCMs seemed to over-predict the total annual precipitation by some degree. Two GCM runs were also used for an
intercomparison of modeled future precipitation scenarios for the near future (2016-2039) period, only responses to the
RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5forcing scenarios from AR5. These results will contribute to an improved understanding of both
present day and future GCM-simulated climate in the study area.
(Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology)
Nova Anika
2
(Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology)
5
6
10
11
Systems in Bali
Structural Equation Modelling of Rice Production Development
In Sumani Watershed, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
Demand and supply analysis in irrigation development in Kenya
(Tokyo University of
Supattra Visessri
(National Taiwan University)
Tai-Yi Liu
(National Taiwan University)
Rainfall
Capture
as
Affected
by
Irrigation
Management
Mangroves ecosystem management model in Danshui river
wetland
Kazuyoshi Nakata
(Okayama University)
Mohammad Raihanul
Islam
(Mie University)
George Akoko
Agriculture and Technology)
Title
N. Koizumi
(National Agriculture and
Food Research Organization)
Yohei ASADA
(University of Tokyo)
Masaomi Kimura
(University of Tokyo)
12
13
14
Yuka Kubota
(Okayama University)
Seung-Yeon Jung
Yasuhiro HONDA
(Niigata University)
Wen-Tsun Fang
15
(Agricultural Engineering
Research Center)
16
17
18
Akarapol Amto
(Chulalongkorn University)
Thao Ngo
(Chulalongkorn University)
(Bogor Agriculture
Operation
during
Drought
with
PRECIPITATION
MAPPING
BASED
ON
(Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology)
Wonho Nam
(Hankyung National
University)
24
Irrigation
NAKAMURA Kazumasa
KURODA Hisao
23
Optimal
22
Analysis
(Bogor Agriculture
University)
21
20
Anria
University)
19
So-Ra Ahn
(Konkuk University)
Keitaro Hara
(Kyoto University)
Runoff
The relationship between the Moso bamboo density and the
water resource
The extreme 2015 drought event in North and South Korea and
their impacts
Assessment of Watershed Health, Resilience and Priority
Considering Climate Change for the Han River Basin in South
Korea
EVALUATION OF WATER MIGRABILITY IN PORE- AND GRAINNETWORKS OF POROUS MEDIA BY PERCOLARION THEORY
United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
2
Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University
of Agriculture and Technology
2
Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo,
Japan
2
Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
* corresponding author: Ming-Che Hu ([email protected])
Keywords: Freshwater fish; Fish investigation method; Agricultural channel; Restoration; Biodiversity
ABSTRACT
Farmland consolidation projects often damage fish habitats in agricultural channels and lead to loss of local fish
population. In Japan, the plan 'Agricultural Multi-functionality Payment' has been started from 2015 by Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and consequently the farmers who conduct investigations of living organisms in
rural areas have become to receive the subsidy payment. Thus, we need to evaluate the positive effects of maintenance
of agricultural channels by farmers on the improvement of biodiversity in the channels. We also need to propose an easy
investigation method, which can be conducted even by the farmers, of living organisms inhabiting agricultural channels.
In this study, we focused on freshwater fish as an indicator animal to evaluate biodiversity of channels. We conducted
fish surveys by using two different methods: 1) a simple and easy investigation method only by using fixed fishing nets
(Method 1) and 2) a professional method by using an electric fish shocker (Method 2) in an agricultural channel,
Okayama, western Japan, in July, October and December 2015, and compared the results between the two methods.
The number of fish individuals captured was significantly more by Method 2 compared with Method 1 in October and
December. In July, however, significantly more individuals were collected by Method 1. Our results indicate that we
can evaluate fish diversity of agricultural channels by the easy investigation method around July (after rice transplanting)
because in this season fish can actively migrate and be easy to enter the fixed fishing net.
Keywords: Habitat preference; Agricultural channel; Endangered species; Rhodeus atremius suigensis
ABSTRACT
Rhodeus atremius suigensis is an endangered bitterling fish species designated as a Nationally Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora by the Ministry of Environment of Japan. This bitterling mainly inhabits agricultural channels
only in two prefectures (Okayama and Hiroshima). However, since 1970s, many earth channels have been changed to
concreted channels by farmland consolidation projects, consequently causing damage to the habitats of this bitterling in
agricultural channels. The present study investigated environmental preference of the bitterling inhabiting an agricultural
channel in southern Okayama Prefecture, western Japan, through monthly surveys of fishes and physical environments
between June 2014 and May 2015, to clarify environmental factors affecting the occurrence of the bitterling.
Submerged macrophyte coverage (%) in the locations with the bitterling occurrence was higher than the areas without
the bitterling occurrence during the summer to autumn period and in spring. In addition, during the summer to autumn
period, significantly higher percentage of submerged macrophyte coverage was recognized in the locations with the
bitterling occurrence. The positive effects on the bitterling occurrence included presence of above-water cover during
the winter. Furthermore, mean water velocity at the locations with the bitterling occurrence was less than 6 cm/s
throughout the study period.
Our findings insist on the importance of the areas with low water velocity, in addition to covering materials represented
by submerged macrophyte coverage and above-water cover, when creating preferable microhabitats for the bitterling in
agricultural channels.
Effects of Hand Made Plastic Horn to measure the Arithmetic Mean Roughn
ess of Concrete surface by Transceiver Type Aerial Ultrasonic Sensor
Mohammad Raihanul Islam1, NAGAOKA Seiya1, OKAJIMA Kenji1, ISHIGURO Satoru1, ITO
Ryouei1, WATANABE Ken2 and ITO Tesu3
1
Graduate school of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Machiyacho, Kurima, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, JAPAN
2
Maruei concrete industry Co., Ltd., 1518 Majima, Fukujyu-machi, Gifu 501-6293, JAPAN
3
X-ability Co., Ltd., 4-15 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JAPAN
Keywords: Aerial ultrasonic; Peak to peak value; Arithmetical mean roughness; Horn; Performance evaluation
ABSTRACT
In the present study was conducted to select one or more pattern of horn to measure the arithmetical mean roughness of
concrete surface by transceiver type aerial ultrasonic sensor. The plastic made different types of horn was used to control
the measuring range of the sensor. Total three types and nine patterns of horn were used in this study. One cylindrical
type and two circular-tapered-conical shape types horns were used. Height of the horns was 2, 5 and 7 cm. The
individual horn was placed in front of the measuring side of the aerial sensor. A digital oscilloscope was used to measure
the measurement value and to get the measurement in wave form. The sensor was placed at 1m height from the
measuring surface. We evaluated the amount of the reflective wave with the peak to peak value. When the arithmetical
mean roughness was small, the peak to peak value was large. We considered the high peak to peak value, considerable
variation of the measured peak to peak value and clear out range data to evaluate the performance of the used horns`.
The cylindrical horn with the height of 7cm was preferred for the clear outrange value and the circular-tapered-conical
shape horn with 5cm height was preferred for the high peak to peak value. These two horns controlled the measuring
range of the used sensor effectively.
Keywords: Environmental DNA; PCR assay; Rural ecosystem; Biodiversity; Agricultural canal
ABSTRACT
Trial investigation for estimating the relationship between environmental DNA (eDNA) and fish distribution was
performed in agricultural canals in Isawa Nanbu area, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, to develop a method to help estimate fish
distribution using eDNA analysis. Water samples for extracting eDNA were collected from six sites in agricultural canals.
After the water collection, Amur minnows that represent the indigenous fish species in this area were trapped with small
fixed nets to examine the fish distribution at each site. DNA volumes of this fish species contained in the eDNA samples
were measured through polymerase chain reaction, PCR amplification with species-specific primer and electrophoretic
profile assay. Statistical data analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between the fish DNA volumes obtained
and the number of the fish tapped. The analysis results showed that the fish DNA volumes had significantly positive
correlation with the fish numbers at the sites. This finding suggests that the eDNA analysis method can help to estimate
fish distribution. Therefore, by implementing similar investigations in many other canals including modifications of
water collection and PCR assay methods, it is expected that the accuracy of this method will increase in the near future.
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, JAPAN
Rural Development Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, JAPAN
Keywords: Thermal environment in paddy field; 2-d flow field of ponding water; Mathematical model
ABSTRACT
Recently high temperature damage of rice grains has become a big concern. One of the simplest ways for famers is spillover irrigation, in which paddy fields are simultaneously irrigated and drained over a certain period after rice heading.
This method is considered very effective and is now attracting much attention. However, it has not been fully understood
how ponding water condition (water depth, irrigation amount, intake water temperature, etc.) affect the thermal
environment in paddy plots, that is, how to manage the ponding water in paddy field for better efficiency of spill-over
irrigation.
In this study, a mathematical model for calculating distribution of thermal environment in paddy field was developed
by following steps; numerically solving the two-dimensional shallow water equations for ponding water flows
considering resistance by rice plants in paddy field, then applying mathematical models describing vertical thermal
balances among soil, ponding water, vegetation layer, and atmosphere. This model can simulate two-dimensional
distribution of the temperature of ponding water and vegetation layer under arbitrary given water management style in
paddy field and weather condition. The proposed model was applied to simulate the effect of spill-over irrigation on the
temperature decrease of ponding water and rice plant in paddy field.
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Rural Systems Engineering, and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
Graduate Student, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
* Corresponding Letter
Graduate Student, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
Thailand 10330; email: [email protected]
Graduate School of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia, 16143,
[email protected]
2
Center for Climate Risk and Opportunity Management in Southeast Asia and Pacific (CCROM-SEAP), Bogor Agriculture
University, Indonesia, 16143, [email protected]
3
Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia, [email protected]
Keywords: snowmelt runoff; paddy field irrigation; coordinated water management among reservoirs
ABSTRACT
In snowy and cold Hokkaido, which is the northernmost of Japan's four major islands, snowmelt runoff has been used
as an important water resource for paddy field irrigation. Snowmelt water, which originates in mountainous areas, starts
to be stored in reservoirs in early April, and it is used for irrigation during periods when the river water level is low.
Some previous studies that used climate models to predict future runoff suggested that droughts in irrigation systems
that rely on reservoirs would tend to be intensified, because the snow water equivalent would decrease and the period
of snowmelt would shift earlier. The predicted changes in the amount and period of snowmelt water that flows into
reservoirs differ depending on the elevation distribution of the catchment area of each reservoir. Therefore, it is possible
to mitigate the drought tendency by conducting coordinated management of the water storage of multiple neighboring
reservoirs whose catchment areas have different elevation distributions. This paper reports on the results of predictions
of the effectiveness of coordination among reservoirs for which an operational curve of drought storage requirement
was used.
The relationship between the Moso bamboo density and the water resource
KURODA Hisao1, LIN Xiaolan2, MAEDA Shigeya1, YOSHIDA Koshi1
1
The extreme 2015 drought event in North and South Korea and their
impacts
Won-Ho Nam1, Eun-Mi Hong2, Jin-Yong Choi3, Michael J. Hayes4, Mark D. Svoboda4, Brian A.
Fuchs4, Tsegaye Tadesse4
1
Department of Bioresources and Rural Systems Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
USDA-ARS Environmental Microbial & Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
3
Department of Rural Systems Engineering and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
4
National Drought Mitigation Center, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Keywords: Drought; Drought Indices; North and South Korea; Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration
Index (SPEI); Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
ABSTRACT
For both 2012 and 2015, North and South Korea have experienced widespread severe drought conditions. In 2015, both
North Korean and South Korean officials identified the extreme drought event as the worst in one hundred years, but
was this truly an unusual event? The objective of this study was an assessment of the extreme drought event in 2015
and associated impacts and to calculate drought indices for both North and South Korea. Characteristics of extreme
drought events during the last 40 years are identified using a weekly- and monthly Standardized Precipitation
Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The drought characteristics illustrated by
the SPEI and SPI results are compared with drought impact to understand how these indices can characterize the drought
conditions within the country. These results demonstrated that the SPEI, SPI can be effective tools to provide improved
spatial and temporal drought conditions in order to inform management decisions for drought policy.
Ph.D., Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701,
South Korea, [email protected]
2
Ph.D. Candidate, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
3
Doctoral Student, Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul
143-701, South Korea, [email protected]
4*
Professor , Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Eng., 1 Hwayang dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701,
South Korea, Corresponding author: [email protected], Tel: +82-2-450-3749, Fax: +82-2-444-0186
Keywords: Watershed health; Resilience; Protection and restoration priority; SWAT; Climate change
ABSTRACT
The future impact of climate change on the resilience and priority of the watershed in the Han River basin (34,148 km)
of South Korea was assessed by evaluating the health and vulnerability of the watershed. To investigate the watershed
health (the basins natural capacity), six components of the watershed landscape (stream geomorphology, hydrology,
water quality, aquatic habitat condition, and biological condition) were used. For the hydrology and water quality
components, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was established for the study basin using 237 sub-watersheds
(designated as a standard watershed on the Korea Hydrologic Unit Map) and applied to assess the impact of climate
change on the watershed hydrology and water quality based on the downscaled HadGEM3-RA future weather data of
the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario. To examine the watershed vulnerability to an artificial
stressor, four components (future impervious area, future climate condition, future water use, and recent land cover)
prepared by the Conservation of Land Use and its Effects at Small regional extent (CLUE-s), as well as RCP climate
change scenarios, Korea government water demand scenarios, and statistical data, were used. Three components of
financial stability, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP), and the number of water management public officials
were considered for each sub-watershed as social factors relating to watershed management. We assigned resilience
rankings and an order of protection and restoration priority from the evaluation matrix based on this evaluation of the
watershed health and vulnerability level. These results indicate possible directions for watershed management and an
adaptation strategy to guide restoration priorities for predicted changes in a vulnerable watershed resulting from climate
change.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research was supported by a grant (14AWMP-B082564-01) from Advanced Water Management Research Program
funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean government.
EVALUATION OF WATER MIGRABILITY IN PORE- AND GRAINNETWORKS OF POROUS MEDIA BY PERCOLARION THEORY
Keitaro Hara1, Junichiro Takeuchi1 and Masayuki Fujihara1
1
Keywords: percolation theory; pore network; grain network; film flow; hydrophobic grains
ABSTRACT
Currently, salt damage is one of the serious agricultural problems in arid arias by salt accumulation, which occurs
resulting from water migration of salts resolving groundwater and/or irrigated water up to or near the soil surface by
capillary force and evaporation. Generally, to predict fluxes of water, vapor and salts or to evaluate the effect of
countermeasures such as leaching, numerical calculation based on a physical model is used. In this study, a new approach
based on the percolation theory, which is a field of applied mathematics that analyses connectivity of networks, is
proposed. In this approach, porous media are regarded as two types of network: pore-network and grain-network, and
these correspond to our experimental results. In a shallow groundwater table case where capillary water reaches the
ground surface, the connectivity of pores, namely, pore-network, plays an important role to transport salts through
capillary water. On the other hand, in a relatively deep groundwater table case where hygroscopic water on grain surface
reaches the ground surface, the connectivity of thin films on grain surface, namely, grain-network, plays an important
role. The main idea for prevention of salt accumulation in this study is to break the connectivity of the networks by
mixing hydrophobic grains, and its effect were investigated through laboratory and computational experiments. From
the experimental results, it was found that hydrophobic grains have potentialities to prevent salt
accumulation, but meticulous care is needed for availability as farm lands