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  • Anatomy and Physiology: Biological System Organs Respiration Organism Exchange Oxygen Carbon Dioxide

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    The respiratory system includes the lungs, airways, and muscles involved in breathing. It allows for the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide through processes like inhalation and exhalation. Key anatomical features include the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and diaphragm. Gas exchange occurs in tiny air sacs called alveoli in the lungs, where oxygen passes into blood and carbon dioxide passes out. The respiratory system also helps maintain homeostasis and is divided into the upper and lower respiratory tract.

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    The respiratory system includes the lungs, airways, and muscles involved in breathing. It allows for the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide through processes like inhalation and exhalation. Key anatomical features include the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and diaphragm. Gas exchange occurs in tiny air sacs called alveoli in the lungs, where oxygen passes into blood and carbon dioxide passes out. The respiratory system also helps maintain homeostasis and is divided into the upper and lower respiratory tract.

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    25 views3 pages

    Anatomy and Physiology: Biological System Organs Respiration Organism Exchange Oxygen Carbon Dioxide

    Uploaded by

    Angie Mandeoya
    The respiratory system includes the lungs, airways, and muscles involved in breathing. It allows for the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide through processes like inhalation and exhalation. Key anatomical features include the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and diaphragm. Gas exchange occurs in tiny air sacs called alveoli in the lungs, where oxygen passes into blood and carbon dioxide passes out. The respiratory system also helps maintain homeostasis and is divided into the upper and lower respiratory tract.

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    ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

    The respiratory system (called also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory


    system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process
    of respiration in an organism. The respiratory system is involved in the intake
    and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment.

    In air-breathing vertebrates like human beings, respiration takes place in the respiratory organs
    called lungs. The passage of air into the lungs to supply the body with oxygen is known
    as inhalation, and the passage of air out of the lungs to expel carbon dioxide is known
    as exhalation; this process is collectively called breathing or ventilation. In humans and
    other mammals, the anatomical features of the respiratory system
    include trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and diaphragm. Molecules of oxygen and carbon
    dioxide are passively exchanged, by diffusion, between the gaseous external environment and
    the blood. This exchange process occurs in the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs.

    anatomical features such as holes on the undersides of leaves known as stomata.

    The respiratory system, which includes air passages, pulmonary vessels, the lungs, and
    breathing muscles, aids the body in the exchange of gases between the air and blood, and
    between the blood and the bodys billions of cells. Most of the organs of the respiratory system
    help to distribute air, but only the tiny, grape-like alveoli and the alveolar ducts are responsible
    for actual gas exchange.

    In addition to air distribution and gas exchange, the respiratory system filters, warms, and
    humidifies the air you breathe. Organs in the respiratory system also play a role in speech and the
    sense of smell.

    The respiratory system also helps the body maintain homeostasis, or balance among the many
    elements of the bodys internal environment.

    The respiratory system is divided into two main components:

    Upper respiratory tract: Composed of the nose, the pharynx, and the larynx, the organs of the
    upper respiratory tract are located outside the chest cavity.
    Nasal cavity: Inside the nose, the sticky mucous membrane lining the nasal cavity traps
    dust particles, and tiny hairs called cilia help move them to the nose to be sneezed or blown out.
    Sinuses: These air-filled spaces along side the nose help make the skull lighter.
    Pharynx: Both food and air pass through the pharynx before reaching their appropriate
    destinations. The pharynx also plays a role in speech.
    Larynx: The larynx is essential to human speech.
    Lower respiratory tract: Composed of the trachea, the lungs, and all segments of the bronchial
    tree (including the alveoli), the organs of the lower respiratory tract are located inside the chest
    cavity.
    Trachea: Located just below the larynx, the trachea is the main airway to the lungs.
    Lungs: Together the lungs form one of the bodys largest organs. Theyre responsible for
    providing oxygen to capillaries and exhaling carbon dioxide.
    Bronchi: The bronchi branch from the trachea into each lung and create the network of
    intricate passages that supply the lungs with air.
    Diaphragm: The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle that contracts and relaxes to
    allow air into the lungs.

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