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  • K.O Drum

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    saririskihasibuan
    300 views7 pages
    The document discusses the design of a flare knock-out drum (KOD) used to separate liquid from gas before the gas enters the flare. Key points: 1. The KOD separates liquid droplets from the gas and provides adequate residence time for separation of droplets 300-600 microns in size. 2. Sizing is based on API 521 standards and provides 20-30 minutes hold-up time for maximum relief liquid. No internals are used to facilitate separation. 3. The KOD elevation determines the pipe rack elevation and is set based on pump net positive suction head requirements and options to reduce elevation such as using a vertical can pump within a pit.

    Original Description:

    gambar KO drum

    Original Title

    k.o drum

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    The document discusses the design of a flare knock-out drum (KOD) used to separate liquid from gas before the gas enters the flare. Key points: 1. The KOD separates liquid droplets from the gas and provides adequate residence time for separation of droplets 300-600 microns in size. 2. Sizing is based on API 521 standards and provides 20-30 minutes hold-up time for maximum relief liquid. No internals are used to facilitate separation. 3. The KOD elevation determines the pipe rack elevation and is set based on pump net positive suction head requirements and options to reduce elevation such as using a vertical can pump within a pit.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    300 views7 pages

    K.O Drum

    Uploaded by

    saririskihasibuan
    The document discusses the design of a flare knock-out drum (KOD) used to separate liquid from gas before the gas enters the flare. Key points: 1. The KOD separates liquid droplets from the gas and provides adequate residence time for separation of droplets 300-600 microns in size. 2. Sizing is based on API 521 standards and provides 20-30 minutes hold-up time for maximum relief liquid. No internals are used to facilitate separation. 3. The KOD elevation determines the pipe rack elevation and is set based on pump net positive suction head requirements and options to reduce elevation such as using a vertical can pump within a pit.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Flare Knock-Out Drum

    1. Objective

    o Separate bulk liquid from gas

    o Limit liquid droplet size entrained with gas to the flare

    o Provide adequate residence time for liquid

    2. Sizing basis

    o Based on API 521

    o Separation of liquid droplet size of 300-600 microns


    considering the design case for the flare

    o 20-30 minutes of liquid hold-up time based on a relief case


    that results in maximum liquid

    o No internals to facilitate separation


    o Many orientations / options possible, horizontal KODs
    most preferred

    Flare KO Drum elevation

    3. Flare Knock-Out Drum Elevation

    o KO drum elevation decides pipe rack elevation based on


    1:500 slope of main flare header
    Flare KO Drum elevation

    o KO drum elevation determined by pump NPSH


    requirement

    o To reduce pipe rack elevation options are

    o Reduce KOD elevation (option 1)

    Use vertical can pump

    Locate pump within pit

    Locate KO drum within pit

    o Use intermediate KO drums (option 2)

    >Flare KO Drum elevation arrangement (Option 1)

    Flare KO Drum elevation arrangement (Option 2)

    4. Flare KOD Liquid Removal


    Remove liquid from flare KOD after relief to avoid overfill during future
    relief event

    1. Options
    o Draining to evaporation pond or closed drain drums

    o Liquid removal by flare KOD pumps

    o Heater to be installed in KOD where freezing, pour point


    issues exist

    o Rate of liquid removal to consider frequency and amount of


    liquid release

    o High level in flare KOD to be considered for plant


    shutdown

    2. Sizing of Flare KOD

    Flare KO Drum

    o LLLL shall be sufficiently high to avoid any sludge


    deposition impacting LT nozzle (150 mm in above figure
    not correct, consider 300 mm minimum for services which
    are not clean).

    o LLLL shall be minimum 700-300 in case flare drum


    electrical heaters need to be installed.

    o LLLL Level at which pump trips.

    o LLL Level at which both pumps stops


    o HLL Level at which first pump starts

    o HHLL Level at which second pump starts

    o HHHLL Level at which entire plant goes into pressurized


    trip.

    5. Flare KOD sizing depends on two aspects


    Liquid Hold up requirement during a major liquid or two phase
    release.

    Sufficient distance shall be available between inlet device bottom


    and HHHLL. It is possible to have manually initiated
    depressurization even after HHHLLL. Any possible liquid shall be
    accommodated above HHHLL.

    Distance between HLL and HHHLL shall be designed to


    accommodate maximum liquid release scenario(?). Some
    standards this distance is between HHLL and HHHLL.

    Residence time required for drop of liquid particles of 300-600


    micron size.

    Liquid particles separate

    o When the residence time of the vapor or gas is equal to or


    greater then the time required to travel the available vertical
    height at the dropout velocity of the liquid particles and

    o When the gas velocity is sufficiently low to permit the


    liquid dropout to fall. This vertical height is usually taken
    as the distance from the maximum liquid level.

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