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Mind Map Chemistry
Mind Map Chemistry
Nomenclature
Definition & Classification
Choose longest chain with C=C as parental
Hydrocarbon with carbon-carbon
chain with -ene- suffix.*
double bond.* Number the carbon atom beginning with
General formula CnH2n*
Hydrocarbon with the end nearest to the C=C.
carbon-carbon triple bond. Side chain act as prefix and parental chain
General formula CnH2n-2 as suffix.
Both are unsaturated hydrocarbon Side chain named alphabetically and
because they contain less hydrogen position on parental chain indicated.
per carbon. In naming parental alkene, position of C=C
indicated by smaller number of attachment
point.
Alkyne naming is similar except C C as
parental chain with -yne- suffix.
INDICATOR
* Express Alkenes
Express Alkynes
ALKENES
PREPERATION
Dehydrohalogenation
Dehydration of Alcohol
CnH2n+1X -HX [CH2=CH2] n + H2
KOH (in alcohol)
CnH2n+1OH [CH2=CH2] n + H2O
Haloalkane boiled in potassium
Alcohol vapour is passed through hot alumina @
hydroxide dissolved in alcohol
heated with excess sulphuric acid
Hydrohalogenation Halogenation
[CH2=CH2] n +HX CnH2n+1X [CH2=CH2] n + X n [CH2-CH2] X2
If according to Markonikoff produce major via electrophilic addition
product
ALKENES REACTIONS
Peroxide
[CH2=CH2] n 1000C n [CH2-CH2]
70C
[CH2=CH2] n Al(C2H5) n [CH2-CH2]