Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition
Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition
November 2016
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FOREWORD
As the Philippine economy continues to grow, the demand for sufficient, stable, safe
and reliable supply of electricity by business industries and households steadily
increases. It is imperative that as the country expands its power generation capacity
both in terms of renewable and non-renewable energy sources, the development,
operation and maintenance of electric power distribution facilities meet the technical
standards, rules and regulations to ensure a safe, reliable and efficient Distribution
System in the country.
The Philippine Distribution Code (PDC) 2016 Edition is the result of several years of
technical review, analysis, and coordination work among the members and technical
staff of the Distribution Management Committee, Inc. (DMC), in close collaboration
with the stakeholders of the power distribution sector and guidance of the Energy
Regulatory Commission (ERC). In the exercise of its mandate to initiate and
coordinate revisions of the Philippine Distribution Code and make recommendations
to the Energy Regulatory Commission (Section 2.2.1 (e), PDC 2001), the
Distribution Management Committee, Inc. (DMC) initiated the review of the PDC in
2010 and invited Users of the Distribution System to propose amendments to the
PDC. A thorough evaluation by the DMC and expository hearings and public
consultations with stakeholders were then conducted in Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao.
On _____________ ERC Resolution No. _____ was issued by the ERC approving
and adopting the Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition, with the following
salient features:
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Foreword Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition
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Republic of the Philippines
Energy Regulatory Commission
Pasig City, Metro Manila
Resolution No. ___, Series of 2017
WHEREAS, Section 2(b) of the Republic Act No. 9136, also known as the Electric
Power Industry Reform Act of 2001, provides the policy objective of the government
to ensure the quality, reliability, security and affordability of electric power supply;
WHEREAS, Republic Act No. 9513, otherwise known as the Renewable Energy
Act of 2008, aims to promote the development, utilization and commercialization of
renewable energy resources. It particularly provides for the establishment of the
framework for the development and advancement of renewable energy resources and
the development of a strategic program to increase utilization of said resources;
WHEREAS, the provision of Section 2.2.1(f) of the Philippine Distribution Code
(PDC), the Distribution Management Committee (DMC) is mandated to initiate and
coordinate revisions of the PDC and recommend them to the Energy Regulatory
Commission (ERC);
WHEREAS, ERC Resolution No. 07, Series of 2013 approved and adopted the
Addendum to Amendment No. 1 of the Philippine Grid Code (PGC) Establishing the
Connection and Operational Requirements for Variable Renewable Energy (VRE)
Generating Facilities to provide connection and operational requirements for
identified renewable energy resources;
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Adoption of the Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition
WHEREAS, on 17 February 2017, the DMC submitted the final draft of the
proposed Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition to the ERC for its approval;
This Resolution shall take effect fifteen (15) days upon its publication in a
newspaper of general circulation.
Let copies of this Resolution be furnished the University of the Philippines Law
Center-Office of the National Administrative Register (UPLC-ONAR) and all
Distribution Utilities (DUs).
SO ORDERED.
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PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION CODE 2016 EDITION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword ................................................................................................................. i
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6 Distribution Operations.......................................................................................92
6.1 Purpose.............................................................................................................92
6.2 Operational Responsibilities ............................................................................92
6.2.1 Operational Responsibilities of the Distribution Utility .........................92
6.2.2 Operational Responsibilities of Embedded Generation Companies .......93
6.2.3 Operational Responsibilities of Large VRE Embedded Generation
Companies..................................................................................................93
6.2.4 Scheduling and Dispatch.........................................................................94
6.2.5 Operational Responsibilities of Other Distribution Users ......................94
6.3 Operational Arrangements ...............................................................................94
6.3.1 Mutual Assistance ...................................................................................94
6.3.2 Equipment and Inventory Sharing ..........................................................95
6.3.3 Joint Purchases ........................................................................................95
6.4 Distribution Operations Communications, Notices, and Reports ....................95
6.4.1 Distribution Operations Communications ..............................................95
6.4.2 Distribution Operations Notices .............................................................95
6.4.3 Distribution Operations Reports .............................................................96
6.5 Distribution Maintenance Program ..................................................................96
6.5.1 Preparation of Maintenance Program .....................................................96
6.5.2 Submission and Approval of Maintenance Program ..............................96
6.6 Demand and Voltage Control ..........................................................................97
6.6.1 Demand Control Coordination ................................................................97
6.6.2 Automatic Load Dropping ......................................................................98
6.6.3 Manual Load Dropping ...........................................................................98
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B Formula ..............................................................................................................138
1.1 Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (CAIDI) .............................138
1.2 Long Term Flicker Severity ...........................................................................138
1.3 Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (MAIFI) .......................138
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CHAPTER 1
1.1 PURPOSE
(a) To establish regulatory framework for the promulgation and enforcement of
the Philippine Distribution Code;
(b) To specify the general rules pertaining to data and notices that apply to all
Chapters of the Philippine Distribution Code;
(c) To specify the rules for interpreting the provisions of the Philippine
Distribution Code; and
(d) To define the common and significant terms and abbreviations used in the
Philippine Distribution Code.
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1.3.1.3 The DMC shall initiate an enforcement process for any perceived
violations of the Philippine Distribution Code provisions and recommend
to the ERC the appropriate fines and penalties for such violations.
1.3.2 Suspension of Provisions
Any provision of the Philippine Distribution Code may be suspended, in whole or
in part, when the Grid is not operating in the Normal State and the System
Operator has issued an Alert Warning to the Distribution Utility, or pursuant to
any directive given by the ERC or the appropriate government agency.
1.4 DEROGATIONS
1.4.1 Applicability
1.4.1.1 If a User finds that it is, or will be unable to comply with any
provision of the Philippine Distribution Code, then it shall, without delay,
report such non-compliance to the ERC through the DMC and shall make
such reasonable efforts as are required to correct such non-compliance as
soon as reasonably practicable.
1.4.1.2 When a User believes either that it would be unreasonable to require it
to correct non-compliance, the User shall promptly submit to the ERC,
through the DMC, a request for derogation from such provision.
1.4.2 Request for Derogation
1.4.2.1 A request by a User for derogation from any provision of the
Philippine Distribution Code shall contain:
(a) Sections and provisions of the Philippine Distribution Code against
which the non-compliance or predicted non-compliance was identified;
(b) The reason or rationale for the non-compliance or expected non-
compliance;
(c) Proposed corrective actions, if any; and
(d) The date of completion by which compliance could be achieved (if
corrective actions of the non-compliance is possible).
1.4.2.2 On receipt of any request for derogation, the DMC shall promptly
review such request, provided that it considers that the grounds for the
derogation are reasonable or sufficiently justified. The ERC, based on
DMCs recommendation, shall decide on such derogation.
1.4.2.3 To the extent of any derogation granted in accordance with 1.4.2.2, the
User, as the case may be, shall be relieved from any obligation to comply
with the applicable provision of the Philippine Distribution Code and shall
not be liable for failure to so comply, but shall comply with any alternative
provisions identified in the derogation.
1.4.2.4 The DMC shall:
(a) Keep a register of all requests for derogations, including those denied
and those which have been granted, and in the latter case, identifying
the name of the person and User in respect of whom the derogation has
been granted, the relevant provision of the Philippine Distribution
Code and the period of the derogation; and
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1.7 DEFINITIONS
In the Philippine Distribution Code the following words and phrases shall, unless
more particularly defined in an Article, Section, or Subsection of the Philippine
Distribution Code, have the following meanings:
Accountable Person. A person who has been duly authorized by the Distribution
Utility (or User) to sign the Fixed Asset Boundary Documents on behalf of the
Distribution Utility (or User).
Act. Republic Act No. 9136 also known as the Electric Power Industry Reform Act
of 2001, which mandated the restructuring of the electricity industry, the
privatization of the National Power Corporation, and the institution of reforms,
including the promulgation of the Philippine Grid Code and the Philippine
Distribution Code.
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Active Energy. The integral of the Active Power with respect to time, measured in
Watt-hour (Wh) or multiples thereof. Unless otherwise qualified, the term
Energy refers to Active Energy.
Active Power. The time average of the instantaneous power over one period of the
electrical wave, measured in Watts (W) or multiples thereof. For AC circuits or
systems, it is the product of the root-mean-square (RMS) or effective value of the
voltage and the RMS value of the in-phase component of the current. In a three-
phase systems, it is the sum of the Active Power of the individual phases.
Adverse Weather. A weather condition that results in abnormally high rate of Forced
Outages for exposed Components while such condition persists, but does not
qualify as a Major Storm Disaster. An Adverse Weather condition can be defined
for a particular System by selecting the proper values and combinations of the
weather conditions reported by the weather bureau including thunderstorm, wind
velocity, precipitation, and temperature.
Alert Warning. A notice issued by the System Operator, including Yellow Alert,
Blue Alert, and Red Alert, to notify the Users of the Grid that an alert state exists.
Amended Connection Agreement. An agreement between a User and the
Distribution Utility, which specifies the terms and conditions pertaining to the
renovation or modification of the User System or Equipment at an existing
Connection Point in the Distribution System.
Ancillary Service. Support services such as Primary Reserve, Secondary Reserve,
Tertiary Reserve, Reactive Power support, and Black Start Capability which are
necessary to support the transmission capacity and Energy that are essential in
maintaining Power Quality and the Reliability of the Grid or as defined in the
latest edition of the Philippine Grid Code.
Apparent Power. The product of the root-mean-square (RMS) or effective value of
the current and the root-mean-square value of the voltage. For AC circuits or
systems, it is the square root of the sum of the squares of the Active Power and
Reactive Power, measured in volt-ampere (VA) or multiples thereof.
Automatic Generation Control (AGC). The regulation of the power output of
Generating Units in response to a change in system frequency, so as to maintain
the power system frequency within the predetermined limits.
Automatic Load Dropping (ALD). The process of automatically and deliberately
removing pre-selected Loads from a power system in response to an abnormal
condition in order to maintain the integrity of the System. It can be classified as:
1) Under-frequency Load Shedding (UFLS); and 2) Under-voltage Load Shedding
(UVLS).
Backup Protection. A form of protection that operates independently of the
specified Components in the primary protection system. It may duplicate the
primary protection or may be intended to operate only if the primary protection
fails or is temporarily out of service.
Black Start. The process of recovery from Total System Blackout using a Generating
Unit with the capability to start and synchronize with the System without an
external power supply.
Central Dispatch. The process of scheduling generation facilities and issuing
Dispatch Instructions to industry participants, considering the energy demand,
operating reserve requirements, Security constraints, Outages and other
contingency plans, to achieve an economic operation while maintaining Power
Quality, Stability, and the Reliability and Security of the Grid.
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Market Operator. The entity responsible for the operation of the Wholesale
Electricity Spot Market (WESM) in accordance with the WESM Rules.
Material Effect. A condition that has resulted or expected to result in problems
involving any of the following: Power Quality, System Reliability, System Loss,
and safety. Such condition may require extensive work, modification, or
replacement of Equipment in the Grid, Distribution System, or the System of any
User.
Medium Voltage (MV). A voltage level exceeding 1 kV up to 34.5 kV.
Meter. A device, which measures and records the consumption or production of
electricity.
Metering Data. Measurement data obtained from metering facilities for purposes of
commercial settlements, operational monitoring and planning.
Metering Equipment. The apparatus necessary for measuring electrical Active and
Reactive Power and Energy, inclusive of a multi-function meter and the necessary
instrument potential, current and phase shifting transformers and all wiring and
communication devices provided.
Metering Point. Location where the Metering Equipment is installed.
Metering Service Provider. A person or entity authorized by the ERC to provide
metering services.
Minimum Load. The arithmetic average of the registered daily minimum Loads at a
specific location during the previous year.
Minimum Stable Loading (Pmin). The minimum net output in MW that a Generating
Unit, generating block or module, can continuously and reliably sustain based on
the Generating Unit capability tests.
Modification. Any actual or proposed replacement, renovation, or construction in the
Distribution System or the User System that may have a Material Effect on the
Distribution System or the System of any User.
Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (MAIFI). Indicates the
average frequency of Momentary Interruptions.
Momentary Interruption. A single operation of an interrupting device that results in
a voltage zero. For example, two operations of Circuit Breaker or recloser (each
operation being an open followed by a close) that momentarily interrupt service to
one or more customers is defined as two Momentary Interruptions.
Multiple Outage Contingency. An Event caused by the failure of two or more
Components of the Grid including those enumerated in the related Philippine Grid
Code provisions.
National Electrification Administration (NEA). The government agency created
under Presidential Decree No. 269, whose additional mandate includes preparing
Electric Cooperatives in operating and competing under a deregulated electricity
market, strengthening their technical capability, and enhancing their financial
viability as electric utilities through improved regulatory policies.
National Power Corporation (NPC). The government corporation created under
Republic Act No. 6395, as amended, whose generation assets, real estate, and
other disposable assets, except for the assets of SPUG and for IPP contracts, shall
be privatized, and whose transmission assets shall be transferred to the Power
Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corporation (PSALM).
Net Declared Capacity. The capacity of a Generating Unit or Generating Plant less
the MW consumed by the Generating Unit or Generating Plant as declared by the
Generation Company.
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mounting for the other components, which is connected to the system at a single
Connection Point.
Planned Activity Notice. A notice issued by a User to the Distribution Utility for any
planned activity, such as a planned Shutdown or Scheduled Maintenance of its
Equipment, at least 3 days prior to the actual Shutdown or maintenance.
Point of Grounding. The point on the Distribution System or the User System at
which Grounding can be established for safety purposes.
Point of Isolation. The point on the Distribution System or the User System at which
Isolation can be established for safety purposes.
Power Development Program (PDP). The indicative plan for managing Demand
through energy-efficient programs and for the upgrading, expansion,
rehabilitation, repair, and maintenance of power generation and transmission
facilities, formulated and updated yearly by the DOE in coordination with
generation, transmission and Distribution Utility companies.
Power Factor. The ratio of Active Power to Apparent Power.
Power Quality. The quality of the voltage, including its frequency and resulting
current, that is measured in the Grid, Distribution System, or any User System.
Preliminary Project Planning Data. The data relating to a proposed User
Development at the time the User applies for a Connection Agreement or an
Amended Connection Agreement.
Prescriptive Approach. The process of evaluating a Distribution Utilitys (or
Suppliers) Customer Service Program by comparing its actual performance with
the targets approved by the ERC.
Primary Response. The autonomous response of a Generating Unit to frequency
changes typically provided by the action of the speed governors of a synchronous
Generating Unit. To achieve Primary Response, Primary Frequency Control is
provided in the first few seconds following a Frequency change and is maintained
to a new settling Frequency until it is replaced by Automatic Generation Control
action or as defined in the latest edition of the Philippine Grid Code.
Primary Reserve. Synchronized generating capacity that is allocated to stabilize the
system frequency and to cover the loss or failure of a Synchronized Generating
Unit or a transmission line or the power import from a single circuit
interconnection or as defined in the latest edition of the Philippine Grid Code.
Rated Capacity. The continuous load-carrying ability of transmission, distribution or
other electrical equipment expressed in either megavolt-amperes (MVA), or
megavolt-amperes reactive (MVAR), or megawatt (MW).
Reactive Energy. The integral of the Reactive Power with respect to time, measured
in VARh, or multiples thereof.
Reactive Power. The component of electrical power representing the alternating
exchange of stored energy (inductive or capacitive) between sources and loads or
between two Systems, measured in VAR, or multiples thereof. For AC circuits or
Systems, it is the product of the RMS voltage and the RMS value of the
quadrature component of alternating current. In three-phase systems, it is the sum
of the Reactive Power of the individual phases.
Reactive Power Capability Curve. A diagram which shows the Reactive Power
capability limit versus the Real Power within which a Generating Unit is expected
to operate under normal conditions.
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Red Alert. An alert notice issued by the System Operator when the Primary Reserve
is zero, a generation deficiency exists, or there is critical loading or imminent
overloading of transmission lines or equipment.
Reliability. The probability that a System or Component will perform a required task
or mission for a specified time in a specified environment. It is the ability of a
power system to continuously provide service to its Customers.
Requesting Safety Coordinator. The Safety Coordinator assigned by the
Distribution Utility (or the User) when it requests that Safety Precautions be
established in the User System (or the Distribution System).
Safety Coordinator. A person designated/authorized by the Distribution Utility (or
the User) to be responsible for the coordination of Safety Precautions at the
Connection Point when work or testing is to be carried out on a System which
requires the provision of Safety Precautions for MV or HV Equipment.
Safety Log. A chronological record of messages relating to safety coordination sent
and received by each Safety Coordinator.
Safety Precautions. Refers to the Isolation and Grounding of MV or HV Equipment
when work or testing is to be done on the Distribution System or User System.
Safety Rules. The rules that seek to safeguard personnel working on the Distribution
System (or User System) from the hazards arising from the Equipment or the
Distribution System (or User System).
Safety Tag. A label conveying a warning against possible interference or intervention
as defined in the safety clearance and tagging procedures.
Scheduled Generating Plant. A Generating Plant whose Generating Units are
subject to Central Dispatch by the System Operator.
Scheduled Generating Unit. A Generating Unit within a Scheduled Generating
Plant.
Scheduled Maintenance. The Outage of a Component or Equipment due to
maintenance, which is coordinated by the Distribution Utility or User, as the case
may be.
Secondary Response. The centralized automatic response through Automatic
Generation Control of a qualified generating unit to raise or lower signal
automatically through SCADA of the System Operator, with the aim of
maintaining the Frequency at a pre-established value and/or returning the
Frequency to nominal values.
Secondary Reserve. Synchronized generating capacity that is allocated to restore the
system frequency from the quasi-steady state value as established by the Primary
Responses of Generating Units to the nominal Frequency of 60 Hz.
Security. The continuous operation of a power system in the Normal State, ensuring
safe and adequate supply of power to End-Users, even when some parts or
Components of the System are on Outage.
Short Duration Voltage Variation. A variation of the RMS value of the voltage
from its nominal value for a time greater than one-half cycle of the power
frequency but not exceeding one minute.
Short Term Flicker Severity. A measure of the visual severity of Flicker derived
from a time-series output of a flicker meter over a 10-minute period.
Shutdown. The condition of an Equipment when it is de-energized or disconnected
from the System.
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Significant Incident. An Event on the Distribution System or the System of any User
that has a serious or widespread effect on the Distribution System and/or the
System of the User.
Significant Incident Notice. A notice issued by the Distribution Utility or any User if
a Significant Incident has transpired on the Distribution System or the System of
the User, as the case may be.
Site. Refers to a substation or switchyard in the Grid, Distribution System or the User
System where the Connection Point is situated.
Small Power Utilities Group (SPUG). The functional unit of NPC created to pursue
the missionary electrification function.
Spot Market. Has the same meaning as the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market.
Stability. The ability of the dynamic Components of the power system to return to a
normal or stable operating point after being subjected to some form of change or
disturbance.
Standard Planning Data. The general data required by the Distribution Utility as
part of the application for a Connection Agreement or Amended Connection
Agreement.
Start-Up. The process of bringing a Generating Unit from Shutdown to synchronous
speed.
Supplier. Any person or entity authorized by the ERC to sell, broker, market, or
aggregate electricity to the End-Users.
Supply of Electricity. The sale of electricity by a party other than a Generation
Company or a Distribution Utility in the Franchise Area of a Distribution Utility
using the wires of the Distribution Utility concerned.
Sustained Interruption. Any Interruption not classified as a part of a momentary
Event. That is, any interruption that lasts more than 5 minutes.
Synchronized. The state when connected Generating Units and/or interconnected AC
Systems operate at the same Frequency and where the phase angle displacements
between their voltages vary about a stable operating point.
System. Refers to the Grid or Distribution System or any User System. Also, a group
of Components connected or associated in a fixed configuration to perform a
specified function.
System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI). Indicates the total duration
of Interruption for the average Customer during a predefined period of time. It is
commonly measured in customer minutes or customer hours of interruption.
System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI). Indicates how often the
average Customer experiences a Sustained Interruption over a predefined period
of time.
System Loss. In a Distribution System, it is the difference between the electric energy
delivered to the Distribution System and the Energy delivered to the End-Users
and other entities connected to the System.
System Operator. The party responsible for generation dispatch, the provision of
Ancillary Services, and operation and control to ensure safety, Power Quality,
Stability, Reliability, and the Security of the Grid.
System Test. The set of tests which involve simulating conditions or the controlled
application of unusual or extreme conditions that may have an impact on the
Distribution System or the User System.
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System Test Coordinator. A person who is appointed as the chairman of the System
Test Group.
System Test Group. A group established for the purpose of coordinating the System
Test to be carried out on the Distribution System or the User System.
System Test Procedure. A procedure that specifies the switching sequence and
proposed timing of the switching sequence, including other activities deemed
necessary and appropriate by the System Test Group in carrying out the System
Test.
System Test Proponent. Refers to the Distribution Utility or the User who plans to
undertake a System Test and who submits a System Test Request to the
Distribution Utility (if it is not the System Test Proponent).
System Test Program. A program prepared by the System Test Group, which
contains the plan for carrying out the System Test, the System Test Procedure,
including the manner in which the System Test is to be monitored, the allocation
of cost among the affected parties, and other matters that the System Test Group
had deemed appropriate and necessary.
System Test Report. A report prepared by the Test Proponent at the conclusion of a
System Test for submission to the Distribution Utility, affected Users, and the
members of the System Test Group.
System Test Request. A notice submitted by the System Test Proponent to the
Distribution Utility indicating the purpose, nature, and procedures for carrying out
the proposed System Test.
Technical Loss. The component of System Loss that is inherent in the physical
delivery of electric energy. It includes conductor loss, transformer core loss, and
technical error in Meters.
Test and Commissioning. Putting into service a System or Equipment that has
passed all required tests to show that the System or Equipment was erected and
connected in the proper manner and can be expected to work satisfactorily.
Total Demand Distortion (TDD). The total root-sum-square harmonic current
distortion, in percent of the maximum demand load current (15 or 30 min.
demand).
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The ratio of the root-mean-square (RMS) value
of the sum of the squared individual harmonic amplitudes to the RMS value of the
fundamental frequency of a complex waveform.
Total System. Refers to the Grid and all User Systems connected to it.
Total System Blackout. The condition when all generation in the Grid has ceased,
the entire System has Shutdown, and the System Operator must implement a
Black Start to restore the Grid to its Normal State.
Transformer. An electrical device or Equipment that converts Voltage and Current
from one level to another.
Transactions Survey. A statistically valid sample survey of Customers who have had
recent interaction, excluding regular payment of bills, with the Distribution Utility
(or Supplier).
Transient Voltages. High-frequency Overvoltages caused by lightning, switching of
capacitor banks or cables, current chopping, arcing ground faults, ferroresonance,
and other related phenomena.
Transmission Network Provider. The party that is responsible for maintaining
adequate Grid Capacity in accordance with the provisions of the Philippine Grid
Code.
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Type Tested. A Generating Plant design which has been tested by the Manufacturer,
component manufacturer or supplier, or a third party, to ensure that the design
meets the requirements of the Philippine Distribution Code, and for which the
Manufacturer has declared that all products supplied will be constructed to the
same standards, and with the same protection settings as the tested product.
Underfrequency Relay (UFR). An electrical relay that operates when the system
frequency decreases to a preset value.
Undervoltage. A Long Duration Voltage Variation where the RMS value of the
voltage is less than or equal to 90% of the nominal voltage.
User. A person or entity that uses the Distribution System and related distribution
facilities. User also refers to a person or entity to which the Philippine Distribution
Code applies.
User Development. The System or Equipment to be connected to the Distribution
System or to be modified, including the relevant proposed new connections and/or
modifications within the User System that requires a Connection Agreement or an
Amended Connection Agreement.
User System. Refers to a System owned or operated by a User of the Distribution
System.
Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) Installed Capacity. Expressed in MW (or kW),
it refers to the sum of rated generating capacity of each Wind Turbine Generating
Unit in a Wind Farm or the sum of rated generating capacity of each solar panel in
a Photovoltaic Generation System.
Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) Generation Company. Refers to an Embedded
Generation Company that is authorized by the ERC to operate a Variable
Renewable Energy Generating facility.
Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) Generating Facility. A facility, consisting of
one or more Generating Units, where electric energy is produced from a source
that is renewable, cannot be stored by the facility owner or operator and has
inherent variability that is beyond the control of the facility owner or operator. For
the avoidance of doubt, it includes Wind Farms, Photovoltaic Generation Systems
and run-of-river hydraulic plants, provided that the storage capability of the dam
does not exceed 2 hours at average inflow.
Voltage. The electromotive force or electric potential difference between two points
which causes the flow of electric current in an electric circuit.
Voltage Control. The strategy used by the Distribution Utility or User to maintain the
Voltage of the Distribution System or the User System within the limits prescribed
by the Philippine Distribution Code.
Voltage Sag. A Short Duration Voltage Variation where the RMS value of the
voltage decreases to between 10% and 90% of the nominal value. Voltage Sag is
also known as Voltage Dip.
Voltage Swell. A Short Duration Voltage Variation where the RMS value of the
voltage increases to between 110% and 180% of the nominal value.
Voltage Transformer. A device that scales down primary voltage supplied to a
Meter while providing electrical Isolation.
Voltage Unbalance. The maximum deviation from the average of the three phase
voltages divided by the average of the three phase voltages, expressed in percent.
Voltage Variation. The deviation of the root-mean-square (RMS) value of the
voltage from its nominal value, expressed in percent.
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1.8 ABBREVIATIONS
AC Alternating Current
AGC Automatic Generation Control
ALD Automatic Load Dropping
CAIDI Customer Average Interruption Duration Index
CCPD Coupling Capacitor Potential Devices
DDP Distribution Development Plan
DMC Distribution Management Committee
DOE Department of Energy
EBIT Earnings Before Interest and Taxes
EPC Engineering, Procurement and Construction
ERC Energy Regulatory Commission
FGM Free Governor Mode
GW Gigawatt
GWh Gigawatt-hour
HV High Voltage
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IRR Implementing Rules and Regulations
kA Kiloampere
kVARh Kilovar-hour
kW Kilowatt
kWh Kilowatt-hour
LV Low Voltage
MAIFI Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index
MED Major Event Day
MLD Manual Load Dropping
MSP Metering Service Provider
MV Medium Voltage
MVA Megavolt-ampere
MVAR Megavolt-amperes reactive
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MVARh Megavar-hour
MW Megawatt
MWh Megawatt-hour
NEA National Electrification Administration
PDP Power Development Program
PEC Philippine Electrical Code
PEP Philippine Energy Plan
PV Photovoltaic
PVS Photovoltaic Generation System
RMS Root-Mean-Square
ROA Return on Assets
RoCoF Rate of Change of Frequency
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
SAIDI System Average Interruption Duration Index
SAIFI System Average Interruption Frequency Index
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SPUG Small Power Utility Group
TDD Total Demand Distortion
THD Total Harmonic Distortion
TNP Transmission Network Provider
UFLS Under-Frequency Load Shedding
UFR Underfrequency Relay
UVLS Under-Voltage Load Shedding
V Volts
VA Volt Ampere
VAR Volt Ampere Reactive
VRE Variable Renewable Energy
W Watt
WESM Wholesale Electricity Spot Market
Wh Watt-hour
X/R Reactance/Resistance
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CHAPTER 2
DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT
2.1 PURPOSE
(a) To facilitate the monitoring of compliance with the Philippine Distribution
Code at the planning, operations and maintenance level;
(a) To ensure that all Users of the Distribution System are represented in
reviewing and making recommendations pertaining to connection,
operation, maintenance, and development of the Distribution System; and
(b) To specify the processes for the enforcement, interpretation and review of
the Philippine Distribution Code.
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2.2.4.2 The DMC shall prepare and submit its operating budget requirements
for the following year by September of the current year for approval of
ERC in accordance with ERCs Rules and Regulations. The budget shall
include all operational cost of DMC permanent staff, and the honoraria of
DMC members and subcommittee members, if any. The ERC shall issue a
resolution pertaining to the approval of the DMC budget. A yearly report
on budget utilization shall be submitted to the ERC.
2.2.4.3 The salaries of all DMC members and all subcommittee members shall
be the responsibility of their respective employers or sponsoring
organizations.
2.2.5 DMC Rules and Procedures
2.2.5.1 The DMC shall establish and publish its own rules and procedures
relating to the conduct of its functions. These include but are not limited to
the following:
(a) Administration and operation of the Committee;
(b) Establishment and operation of DMC subcommittees;
(c) Evaluation of distribution system operations reports;
(d) Managing queries on the application and/or interpretation of any
provision of the Philippine Distribution Code;
(e) Monitoring of Philippine Distribution Code enforcement;
(f) Amendments to and revision of the Philippine Distribution Code
provisions;
(g) Review of Distribution Development Plans; and
(h) Review of major distribution system reinforcement and expansion
projects.
2.2.5.2 The rules and procedures of the DMC shall be approved by the ERC.
2.2.5.3 The DMC is expected to decide on issues based on consensus rather
than by simple majority voting.
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It is expected that a query is submitted by a party in good faith, with the aim of
clarifying a particular issue, and not to unnecessarily delay related processes or
procedures.
Queries involving the interpretation and/or application of any of the provisions of
the Philippine Distribution Code may be referred to the DMC for clarification or
comment, in accordance with the following procedure:
(a) A party may submit a query in writing to the DMC copy furnished the
other party or parties, if any, and clearly state therein the factual
antecedents and the provision(s) of the Philippine Distribution Code in
issue.
(b) Upon verification by the DMC that the query is within the scope of this
Article, it may refer the matter to the appropriate subcommittee, or form an
ad hoc subcommittee composed of three or five members who have the
technical background to understand the technical merits and implications
of the inquiry.
(c) The subcommittee shall hold meetings within a period to be prescribed by
the DMC, to discuss the merits of the query and to receive supporting
documents, as may be necessary.
(d) The proceedings undertaken, reply to the query and any recommendations
of the subcommittee shall be documented and presented to the DMC.
(e) The DMC shall provide a formal reply to the query including any
recommendations, copy furnished the ERC.
(f) In cases where the ERC refers a matter to the DMC within the scope of this
Article for comment or clarification, the procedures in paragraphs (b) to
(e) shall be observed.
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(c) If the DMC is satisfied with the response, it shall make a report,
including the recommended course of action, to the ERC who shall
render the final decision on the matter; and
(d) If the DMC is not satisfied with the response, it shall document the
charges against the offending party and submit a report, including the
recommended course of action, fines, and penalties to the ERC.
2.5.2 Fines and Penalties
To effectively enforce the Philippine Distribution Code, the ERC shall impose the
fines or penalties prescribed by the Act for any non-compliance with or breach of
any provision of the Philippine Distribution Code.
2.5.3 Unforeseen Circumstances
2.5.3.1 If a situation arises which the provisions of the Philippine Distribution
Code have not foreseen, the Distribution Utility shall, to the extent
reasonably practicable, consult promptly all affected Users and Suppliers
in an effort to reach agreement as to what should be done.
2.5.3.2 If an emergency situation arises which the provisions of the Philippine
Distribution Code have not foreseen, the Distribution Utility shall take
whatever step it deems necessary to its best judgment. A report of the actions
taken, results and assessment shall be furnished to the DMC, affected Users,
and Suppliers for documentation and record purposes.
2.5.3.3 If an agreement is reached, the Distribution Utility shall promptly refer
the matter, including the agreement, to the DMC for review and to make
the appropriate recommendations to the ERC.
2.5.3.4 If an agreement is not reached, the Distribution Utility shall decide
what is to be done if the emergency situation has resulted in a Significant
Incident. In such case, all Users shall comply with all instructions issued
by the Distribution Utility to the extent that such instructions are consistent
with the technical characteristics of the User System as registered under
the Philippine Distribution Code. The Distribution Utility shall be
answerable to the DMC and the ERC for unjustified unilateral actions or
measures it has taken against any User.
2.5.4 Philippine Distribution Code Amendment and Revision Process
2.5.4.1 Any party who has a proposal to amend any provision of the
Philippine Distribution Code shall submit the proposal in writing,
including the supporting arguments and data, to the DMC for evaluation.
2.5.4.2 If the DMC agrees with the proposed amendment, it shall make the
appropriate recommendations to the ERC.
2.5.4.3 If the DMC disagrees with the proposed amendment, it shall submit a
report stating the justifications for its position to the ERC.
2.5.4.4 The DMC, through its Rules Review Subcommittee, starting 2010 and
every 3 years thereafter, shall initiate revision of the Philippine
Distribution Code.
2.5.4.5 The ERC shall render the final decision on any matter pertaining to
Philippine Distribution Code amendments and revision.
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29
CHAPTER 3
3.1 PURPOSE
(a) To ensure the quality of electric power in the Distribution System;
(b) To ensure that the Distribution System will be operated in a safe and
efficient manner and with a high degree of reliability;
(c) To specify Customer Services for the protection of the End-Users in both
the captive and contestable markets; and
(d) To specify safety standards for the protection of personnel in the work
environment.
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TABLE 3-1
CUSTOMER SERVICE STANDARDS FOR DISTRIBUTION UTILITIES
Customer Service Measure of Performance
1. Processing of Number of days upon submission of complete
application including requirements
estimates of charges
2. Service connection Number of days upon compliance with all government and
Distribution Utility requirements
3. Restoration of service Numbers of hours for 100% restoration
after a fault
interruption on the
secondary side,
including service
drop/lateral
4. Power Quality a) Visit within x number of working days after receipt of
complaints complaint or substantive answer within y number of
days; and
b) Correction of Power Quality problems within z
number of months
5. Informing Customers Announcements x number of days prior to the scheduled
on schedule of power interruptions
interruptions
6. Responding to Response within x number of hours after receipt of call
emergency calls
7. Billing queries and a) Answer to queries within x number of hours; and
complaints b) Correction of errors in billing statement within y
number of hours (or days)
8. Payment queries and a) Answer to queries within x number of hours; and
complaints b) Correction of errors in payments within y number of
hours (or days)
9. Meter complaints a) Visit within x number of working days after receipt of
complaint or substantive answer within y number of
days; and
b) Correction of meter problems within z number of
weeks
10. Reconnection of Reconnect within x hours after payment of all dues,
service provided payment is made before a specified cut-off time
11. Making and Keeping a) Specific time is given to the Customer; and
of appointments b) Seeing the Customer at the appointed time
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TABLE 3-2
CUSTOMER STANDARDS FOR SUPPLIERS
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CHAPTER 4
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4.2.9.6 The Distribution Utility shall provide the details of any autoreclosing
or sequential switching features in the Distribution System so that the User
may take this into account in the design of its protection system.
4.2.9.7 The User shall consider in the design of its protection system the
possible Disconnection of only one phase or two phases during fault
conditions.
4.2.9.8 The Embedded Generation Company shall, following its classification,
ensure that the standards for protection arrangements for Large
Conventional, Large VRE, Medium, Intermediate, Small and Micro
Embedded Generating Units are complied with as prescribed in Section
4.5.9, 4.6.7, 4.7.6, 4.8.6, and 4.9.5.
4.2.10 Equipment Short Circuit Rating
4.2.10.1 The Distribution Utility shall inform the User of the designed and
existing Fault Levels of the Distribution System at the Connection Point.
4.2.10.2 The User shall consider the designed and existing Fault Levels at the
Connection Point in the design and operation of the User System.
4.2.11 Grounding Requirements
4.2.11.1 The Distribution Utility shall inform the User of the Grounding
method used in the Distribution System. The specification of Distribution
Equipment shall consider the maximum Voltage Swell that will be
imposed on the Equipment during faults involving ground.
4.2.11.2 The method of Grounding at the User System shall comply with the
Grounding standards and specifications of the Distribution Utility.
4.2.11.3 Where there are multiple sources of power, the User shall ensure that
the effects of circulating currents with respect to the grounded neutral are
either prevented or mitigated.
4.2.12 Monitoring and Control Equipment Requirements
4.2.12.1 The Distribution Utility and the User shall agree on the mode of
monitoring and control.
4.2.12.2 The Distribution Utility shall provide, install, and maintain the
telemetry outstation and all associated Equipment needed to monitor the
User System.
4.2.12.3 If the User agrees that the Distribution Utility shall control the
switchgear in the User System, the Distribution Utility shall install the
necessary control outstation, including the control interface for the
switchgear.
4.2.13 Equipment Standards
4.2.13.1 All Equipment at the Connection Point shall comply with the
requirements of international standards (e.g., ANSI/IEEE, IEC).
4.2.13.2 All Equipment at the Connection Point shall be designed,
manufactured, and tested in accordance with international standards (e.g.,
ANSI/IEEE, IEC).
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4.2.13.3 The prevailing standards at the time when the Connection Point was
designed or modified, rather than the Test and Commissioning date or the
asset transfer date, shall apply to all Equipment at the Connection Point.
4.2.14 Maintenance Standards
4.2.14.1 All Equipment at the Connection Point shall be operated and
maintained in accordance with international standards (e.g., ANSI/IEEE,
IEC) and in a manner that shall not pose a threat to the safety of any
personnel or cause damage to the Equipment of the Distribution Utility or
the User.
4.2.14.2 The Distribution Utility shall maintain a log containing the test
results and maintenance records relating to its Equipment at the
Connection Point and shall make this log available when requested by the
User.
4.2.14.3 The User shall maintain a log containing the test results and
maintenance records relating to its Equipment at the Connection Point and
shall make this log available when requested by the Distribution Utility.
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4.3.5.6 If the application of the User is not acceptable, the Distribution Utility
shall inform the User of the reasons why its application is not acceptable.
The Distribution Utility shall include in the notice a proposal to make the
Users application acceptable to the Distribution Utility.
4.3.5.7 The User is given 30 days to accept the proposal of the Distribution
Utility or within a longer period specified in the notice provided by the
Distribution Utility, after which period the proposal shall automatically
lapse.
4.3.5.8 The acceptance by the User of the Distribution Utilitys proposal shall
lead to the signing of a Connection Agreement or an Amended Connection
Agreement.
4.3.5.9 If the Distribution Utility and the User cannot reach agreement on the
proposed connection or modification to an existing connection, the
Distribution Utility or the User may bring the matter before the ERC for
resolution.
4.3.5.10 If a Connection Agreement or an Amended Connection Agreement is
signed and within 30 days from signing thereof or within such longer
period as may be agreed upon by the Distribution Utility and the User, the
User shall submit to the Distribution Utility the Detailed Planning Data of
the proposed User Development as specified in Article 5.5.
4.3.6 Submittals Prior to the Commissioning Date
The following shall be submitted by the User prior to the commissioning date,
pursuant to the terms and conditions and schedules specified in the Connection
Agreement:
(a) Specifications of major Equipment not included in the Standard Planning
Data and Detailed Planning Data;
(b) Details of the protection arrangements, its settings and communication link
setup as referred to in Section 4.2.9.8 for Embedded Generating Units and
in Section 4.10.2 for other Users;
(c) Information to enable the Distribution Utility to prepare the Fixed Asset
Boundary Document referred to in Article 4.11 including the names of
Accountable Persons;
(d) Electrical Diagrams of the Users Equipment at the Connection Point as
described in Article 4.12;
(e) Information that will enable the Distribution Utility to prepare the
Connection Point Drawings, referred to in Article 4.13;
(f) Copies of all Safety Rules and Local Safety Instructions applicable to the
Users Equipment and a list of Safety Coordinators, pursuant to the
requirements of Article 6.8;
(g) A list of the names and telephone numbers of authorized representatives,
including the confirmation that they are fully authorized to make binding
decisions on behalf of the User, for Significant Incidents pursuant to the
procedures specified in Section 6.7.2;
(h) Proposed Maintenance Program; and
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(i) Test and Commissioning procedure for the Connection Point and the User
Development.
4.3.7 Commissioning of Equipment and Physical Connection to the
Distribution System
4.3.7.1 Upon completion of the User Development, including work at the
Connection Point, the Equipment at the Connection Point and the User
Development shall be subjected to the Test and Commissioning procedure
specified in Section 4.3.6.
4.3.7.2 The User shall then submit to the Distribution Utility a statement of
readiness to connect, which shall include the Test and Commissioning
report and the result of the capability test.
4.3.7.3 Upon acceptance of the Users statement of readiness to connect, the
Distribution Utility shall, within 15 days, issue a certificate of approval to
connect.
4.3.7.4 The physical connection to the Distribution System shall be made only
after the certificate of approval to connect has been issued by the
Distribution Utility to the User.
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TABLE 4-1
CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED GENERATING PLANTS
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TABLE 4-2
REQUIREMENTS FOR DIFFERENT FREQUENCY RANGES LARGE VRE
EMBEDDED GENERATING PLANTS
Frequency
Time
Hz p.u.
Automatic disconnection is
> 62.4 > 1.04 discretionary upon the VRE
Embedded Generation Company
> 61.8 62.4 > 1.03 1.04 5 minutes
58.2 61.8 0.97 - 1.03 Continuous Operation
57.6 - < 58.2 0.96 - < 0.97 60 minutes
<57.6 < 0.96 5 seconds
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FIGURE 4-1
REACTIVE POWER REQUIREMENTS LARGE VRE EMBEDDED GENERATING PLANTS
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FIGURE 4-2
LOW VOLTAGE WITHSTAND CAPABILITY LARGE VRE EMBEDDED GENERATING
UNITS
profiles are within the shaded area in Figure 4-2. This area is defined by
the following characteristics:
(a) If the Voltage at the Connection Point falls to below 20% of nominal
value, the Large VRE Embedded Generating Unit shall remain
connected for at least 0.15 seconds;
(b) If the Voltage at the Connection Point falls but it is still above 20% of
the nominal value, in all the three phases, the Large VRE Embedded
Generating Unit shall remain connected for at least 0.625 seconds;
(c) If the Voltage at the Connection Point is equal or above 90% of the
nominal value, in all the three phases, the Large VRE Embedded
Generating Unit shall remain connected indefinitely, up to fault
clearance;
(d) For Voltages between 20% and 90% of the nominal value, the time the
Large VRE Embedded Generating Unit shall remain connected is
determined by linear interpolation between the following pairs of
values [voltage = 20%; time = 0.625 seconds] and [voltage = 90%;
time = 3 seconds].
In the case of larger and/or longer Voltage deviations, the Large VRE
Embedded Generating Unit is allowed to be disconnected from the
network.
4.6.6.2 In case of three phase faults on the network, at least the following
performance should be achieved:
(a) As a general rule, both during the time the fault exists in the network
and during the Voltage recovery period after fault elimination, there
should be no Reactive Power consumption by the Large VRE
Embedded Generating Plant at the Connection Point. Reactive Power
consumption is only allowed during the first 150 milliseconds after the
initiation of the fault and during the 150 milliseconds immediately
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Distribution Connection Requirements Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition
after fault elimination, provided that during these periods the net
consumption of Reactive Power of the Large VRE Embedded
Generating Plant is not greater than 60% of the registered nominal
capacity of the facility.
(b) As a general rule, both during the time the fault exists in the network
and during the Voltage recovery period after fault elimination, there
should be no consumption of Active Power by the Large VRE
Embedded Generating Plant. Small consumptions of Active Power are
allowed during the first 150 milliseconds immediately after the
initiation of the fault and during the first 150 milliseconds immediately
after the fault clearing could be allowed.
(c) Both during the fault period and during the recovery period after the
fault elimination, the Large VRE Embedded Generating Plant should
inject into the System the maximum possible current (Itotal). This
injection of current shall be carried out in such a way that the operation
of the facility is situated inside of the shaded area of Figure 4-3, after
150 milliseconds from the initiation of the fault or the moment the fault
has been eliminated.
Reactive power
generation
Voltage at the
Connection
Point (pu)
Reactive power
absorption
FIGURE 4-3
ALLOWED GENERATION OF REACTIVE POWER DURING VOLTAGE SAGS LARGE VRE
EMBEDDED GENERATING PLANTS
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TABLE 4-3
REQUIREMENTS FOR DIFFERENT FREQUENCY RANGES MEDIUM
EMBEDDED GENERATING PLANTS
Frequency
Time
Hz p.u.
> 62.4 > 1.04 Automatic disconnection
> 61.8 62.4 > 1.03 1.04 5 minutes
58.2 61.8 0.97 - 1.03 Continuous Operation
57.6 - < 58.2 0.96 - < 0.97 5 minutes
<57.6 < 0.96 5 seconds
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61.0 f n
P 45 Pm
60
Where:
P: is the variation in Active Power output that should be achieved
Pm: is the Active Power output before this control is activated
fn: is the network Frequency
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TABLE 4-5
MINIMUM TIME REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALL AND MICRO
EMBEDDED GENERATING PLANTS TO REMAIN CONNECTED AT
DIFFERENT VOLTAGE RATINGS
Voltage Range
Time
(% of Base Voltage)
V < 50 0.16
50 V < 90 2.00
90 V 110 Normal Operating Range
110 < V < 120 1.00
V 120 0.16
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TABLE 4-6
TYPICAL SYNCHRONIZING PARAMETERS LIMITS
Maximum Phase
Maximum Frequency Maximum Voltage
Angle Difference
Difference f [Hz] Difference V [%]
[Degrees]
0.3 10 20
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TABLE 4-7
INTERCONNECTION PROTECTIVE FUNCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUCTION
GENERATING PLANTS
Generating Unit Size
Device Protective Equipment
10 kW > 10 kW
27 Under Voltage Relay X X
TABLE 4-8
INTERCONNECTION PROTECTIVE FUNCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR SYNCHRONOUS
GENERATING PLANTS
Generating Unit Size
Device Protective Equipment
10 kW > 10 kW
25 Synchronism-Check Relay X X
27 Under Voltage Relay X X
Over current Relay Voltage
51V X
Restrained
59 Overvoltage Relay X
81/O 81/U Over-Under Frequency Relay X
Anti-Islanding Relay (phase shift
X X
or RoCoF)
TABLE 4-9
INTERCONNECTION PROTECTIVE FUNCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR INVERTERS
Generating Unit Size
Device Protective Equipment
10 kW > 10 kW
27 Under Voltage Relay X X
59 Overvoltage Relay X X
81/O 81/U Over-Under Frequency Relay X X
Anti-Islanding Relay (phase shift
X X
or RoCoF)
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(d) Operational procedures and the responsible party for operation and
control;
(e) Maintenance requirements and the responsible party for undertaking
maintenance; and
(f) Any agreement pertaining to emergency conditions.
4.11.1.4 The Fixed Asset Boundary Documents shall be available at all times
for the use of the operations personnel of the Distribution Utility and the
User.
4.11.2 Accountable Persons
4.11.2.1 Prior to the Completion Date specified in the Connection Agreement
or Amended Connection Agreement, the User shall submit to the
Distribution Utility a list of Accountable Persons who are duly authorized
to sign the Fixed Asset Boundary Documents on behalf of the User.
4.11.2.2 Prior to the Completion Date specified in the Connection Agreement
or Amended Connection Agreement, the Distribution Utility shall provide
the User the name of the Accountable Person who shall sign the Fixed
Asset Boundary Documents on behalf of the Distribution Utility.
4.11.2.3 Any change to the list of Accountable Persons shall be
communicated to the other party at least 6 weeks before the change
becomes effective. If the change was not anticipated, it must be
communicated as soon as possible to the other party, with an explanation
why the change had to be made.
4.11.2.4 Unless specified otherwise in the Connection Agreement or the
Amended Connection Agreement, the construction, Test and
Commissioning, control, operation and maintenance of Equipment,
accountability, and responsibility shall follow ownership.
4.11.3 Preparation of Fixed Asset Boundary Document
4.11.3.1 The Distribution Utility shall establish the procedure and forms
required for the preparation of the Fixed Asset Boundary Documents.
4.11.3.2 The User shall provide the information that will enable the
Distribution Utility to prepare the Fixed Asset Boundary Document, in
accordance with the schedule specified in the Connection Agreement or
Amended Connection Agreement.
4.11.3.3 The Distribution Utility shall prepare the Fixed Asset Boundary
Documents for the Connection Point at least 2 weeks prior to the
Completion Date.
4.11.3.4 The Fixed Asset Boundary Document for the Equipment at the
Connection Point shall include the details of the lines or cables emanating
from the Distribution Utilitys and the Users sides of the Connection
Point.
4.11.3.5 The date of issue and the issue number shall be included in every
page of the Fixed Asset Boundary Document.
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79
CHAPTER 5
DISTRIBUTION PLANNING
5.1 PURPOSE
(a) To specify the responsibilities of the Distribution Utilities and the Users of
the Distribution System in planning the development of the Distribution
System;
(b) To specify the technical studies and planning procedures that will ensure
the safety and Reliability of the Distribution System;
(c) To specify the planning data required for a User seeking a new connection
or a modification of an existing connection to the Distribution System; and
(d) To specify the data requirements to be used by the Distribution Utilities in
planning the development of the Distribution System.
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5.2.2.3 The required Standard Planning Data specified in Article 5.4 shall
consist of information necessary for the Distribution Utility to evaluate the
impact of any User Development on the Distribution System.
5.2.2.4 The Detailed Planning Data specified in Article 5.5 shall include
additional information necessary for the conduct of a more accurate
Distribution Planning study. This shall cover circuit parameters,
switchgear, and protection arrangements of equipment directly connected
to or affecting the Distribution System. The data shall be adequate to
enable the Distribution Utility to assess any implication associated with the
Connection Points.
5.2.2.5 The Standard Planning Data and Detailed Planning Data shall be
submitted by the User to the Distribution Utility according to the following
categories:
(a) Forecast Data;
(b) Estimated Equipment Data; and
(c) Registered Equipment Data.
5.2.2.6 The Forecast Data shall contain the Users best estimate of the data,
including Energy and Demand, being projected for the five succeeding
years.
5.2.2.7 The Estimated Equipment Data shall contain the Users best estimate
of the values of parameters and information pertaining to its Equipment.
5.2.2.8 The Registered Equipment Data shall contain validated actual values
of parameters and information about the Users Equipment, which are part
of the Connected Project Planning Data submitted by the User to the
Distribution Utility at the time of connection.
5.2.3 Consolidation and Maintenance of Planning Data
5.2.3.1 The Distribution Utility shall consolidate and maintain the
Distribution planning data according to the following categories:
(a) Forecast Data;
(b) Estimated Equipment Data; and
(c) Registered Equipment Data.
5.2.3.2 If there is any change to its planning data, the User shall notify the
Distribution Utility of the change as soon as possible. The notification
shall contain the time and date when the change took effect, or is expected
to take effect, as the case may be. If the change is temporary, the time and
date when the data is expected to revert to its previous registered value
shall also be indicated in the notification.
5.2.4 Evaluation of Proposed Development
5.2.4.1 The Distribution Utility shall conduct Distribution Impact Studies to
assess the effect of the proposed User Development on the Distribution
System and the System of other Users.
5.2.4.2 The Distribution Utility shall notify the User of the results of the
Distribution Impact Studies.
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5.2.4.3 The Distribution Utility shall also notify the User of any planned
development in the Distribution System that may have an impact on the
User System.
5.2.5 Preparation of Distribution Development Plan
5.2.5.1 The Distribution Utility shall collate and process the planning data
submitted by the Users into a cohesive forecast and use this in preparing
the data for the Distribution Development Plan (DDP).
5.2.5.2 The Distribution Utility shall develop and submit annually to the DOE
a DDP. In the case of an Electric Cooperative, such plan shall be submitted
to the DOE through the NEA. A copy of the DDP shall also be submitted
to the ERC through the DMC.
5.2.5.3 The Distribution Development Plan shall include:
(a) Energy and Demand forecasts;
(b) Sub-transmission capacity expansion;
(c) Distribution substation siting and sizing;
(d) Distribution feeder routing and sizing;
(e) Distribution Reactive Power compensation plan;
(f) Other Distribution reinforcement plans; and
(g) A summary of the technical and economic analysis performed to justify
the DDP.
5.2.5.4 If a User believes that the cohesive forecast prepared by the
Distribution Utility does not accurately reflect its assumptions on the
planning data, it shall promptly notify the Distribution Utility of its
concern. The Distribution Utility and the User shall promptly meet to
address the concern of the User.
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5.3.1.3 The relevant technical studies described in Sections 5.3.2 to 5.3.5 and
the required planning data specified in Articles 5.4 and 5.5 shall be used in
the conduct of the distribution planning studies.
5.3.1.4 The Distribution Utility shall conduct distribution planning analysis
which shall include:
(a) The determination of optimum patterns for the selection of sites and
sizes of distribution substations;
(b) The determination of optimum patterns for feeder development;
(c) The development of optimum Reactive Power compensation programs;
and
(d) The development of an optimum feeder configuration and switching
controls for distribution feeders.
5.3.1.5 The distribution planning studies shall be performed using lifecycle
costing methods. The cost of capital and the discount rate used in such
analysis shall be prescribed by the ERC.
5.3.2 Voltage Drop Studies
5.3.2.1 Voltage drop studies shall be performed to determine the Voltages at
the Connection Points for the forecasted Demand of the existing
Distribution System and any planned expansion, reinforcement, or
development.
5.3.2.2 Voltage drop studies shall be performed to evaluate the impact of the
connection of new Embedded Generating Plants, loads, or distribution
lines on the Distribution System.
5.3.3 Short Circuit Studies
5.3.3.1 Short circuit studies shall be performed to evaluate the effect on the
Distribution System Equipment of the connection of new Generating
Plants and other facilities that will result in increased fault duties for the
Distribution System Equipment. These studies shall identify the
Equipment that could be damaged when current exceeds the design limit
of the Equipment. The studies shall also identify the Circuit Breakers and
fuses, which may fail when interrupting possible short circuit currents.
5.3.3.2 Three-phase short-circuit studies shall be performed for all nodes of
the Distribution System for the maximum and minimum generation
scenarios of the Grid and for different system circuit configurations.
5.3.3.3 Single line-to-ground fault studies shall also be performed for critical
Distribution System nodes. These studies shall identify the most severe
conditions that the Distribution System Equipment may be exposed to.
5.3.3.4 The Distribution Utility and the User shall exchange information on
fault infeed levels at the Connection Point. The information shall include:
(a) The maximum and minimum three-phase and line-to-ground fault
infeeds;
(b) The X/R ratio under short circuit conditions; and
(c) In the case of interconnected Systems, an adequate equivalent network
representation for short circuit calculations.
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CHAPTER 6
DISTRIBUTION OPERATIONS
6.1 PURPOSE
(a) To define the operational responsibilities of the Distribution Utilities and all
Users of the Distribution System;
(b) To specify the operational arrangements for mutual assistance, Equipment and
inventory sharing, and joint purchases among Distribution Utilities;
(c) To specify the requirements for communication and the notices to be issued by
the Distribution Utility to Users and the notices to be issued by Users to the
Distribution Utility and other Users.
(d) To specify the Maintenance Programs for the Equipment and facilities in the
Distribution System;
(e) To describe the Demand Control strategies used for the control of the System
Frequency and the methods used for Voltage Control;
(f) To specify the procedures to be followed by the Distribution Utility and Users
during emergency conditions;
(g) To specify the procedures for the coordination, establishment, maintenance,
and cancellation of Safety Precautions when work or testing other than System
Test is to be carried out on the Distribution System or the User System;
(h) To specify the procedures for testing and monitoring the quality of power
supplied to the Distribution System and the User System;
(i) To establish a procedure for the conduct of System Tests which involve the
simulation of conditions or the controlled application of unusual or extreme
conditions that may have an impact on the Distribution System or the User
System;
(j) To identify the tests and the procedures that need to be carried out to confirm
the compliance of an Embedded Generating Unit with its registered
parameters and its ability to provide Ancillary Services; and
(k) To specify the requirements for Site and Equipment Identification at the
Connection Point.
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6.6.1.5 The Distribution Utility shall abide by the instruction of the System
Operator with regard to the restoration of Demand. The restoration of
Demand shall be achieved as soon as possible and the process of
restoration shall begin within 2 minutes after the instruction is given by the
System Operator.
6.6.1.6 If a User is disconnected due to Demand Control, the User shall not
reconnect its System until instructed by the Distribution Utility to do so.
6.6.2 Automatic Load Dropping
6.6.2.1 The System Operator shall establish the level of Demand required for
Under-Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) and Under-Voltage Load
Shedding (UVLS) in order to limit the consequences of Significant
Incidents or a major loss of generation in the Grid. The System Operator
shall conduct the appropriate technical studies to justify the targets and/or
to refine them as necessary.
6.6.2.2 The Distribution Utility shall prepare its UFLS program in
consultation with the System Operator. The Distribution Utilitys Demand
that is subject to UFLS shall be split into rotating discrete MW blocks. The
System Operator shall specify the number of blocks and the
underfrequency setting for each block.
6.6.2.3 If the Distribution Utility does not implement a UFLS program, the
Transmission Network Provider shall install the Underfrequency Relay at
the main feeder and the System Operator shall drop the User Demand as a
single block, if the need arises.
6.6.2.4 To ensure that a subsequent fall in Frequency will be contained by the
operation of UFLS, additional Manual Load Dropping shall be
implemented by the Distribution Utility so that the loads that were dropped
by UFLS can be reconnected.
6.6.2.5 If an ALD has taken place, the affected User shall not reconnect its
disconnected feeder without clearance from the Distribution Utility. The
Distribution Utility shall issue the order to reconnect upon instruction by
the System Operator.
6.6.2.6 The Distribution Utility shall notify the System Operator of the actual
Demand that was disconnected by UFLS, or the Demand that was restored
in the case of reconnection, within 5 minutes of the Load dropping or
reconnection.
6.6.2.7 The Distribution Utility shall notify the System Operator of the actual
Demand that was disconnected by UVLS, or the Demand that was restored
in the case of reconnection, within 5 minutes of the Load dropping or
reconnection.
6.6.3 Manual Load Dropping
6.6.3.1 The Distribution Utility shall make arrangements that will enable it to
disconnect its Customers immediately following the issuance by the
System Operator of an instruction to implement MLD.
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(a) The Identification of each Point of Isolation using the Site and
Equipment Identification specified in Article 6.12; and
(b) The means of implementing Isolation as specified in Section 6.8.5.
6.8.4.3 In the case of Grounding, the Implementing Safety Coordinator shall
promptly notify the Requesting Safety Coordinator of the following:
(a) The Identification of each Point of Grounding using the Site and
Equipment Identification specified in Article 6.12; and
(b) The means of implementing Grounding as specified in Section 6.8.5.
6.8.4.4 If the Requesting Safety Coordinator and the Implementing Safety
Coordinator do not agree on the location, Grounding shall be established at
the available point on the infeed closest to the MV and HV Equipment.
6.8.5 Implementation of Safety Precautions
6.8.5.1 Once the locations of Isolation and Grounding have been agreed upon,
the Implementing Safety Coordinator shall ensure that the Isolation is
implemented.
6.8.5.2 The Isolation shall be implemented by any of the following:
(a) A disconnect switch, or other isolating means, that is secured in an
open position by a lock and affixing a Safety Tag to it or by such other
method in accordance with the Local Safety Instructions of the
Distribution Utility or of the User, as the case may be; or
(b) An adequate physical separation (e.g., Grounding Cluster) in
accordance with the Local Safety Instructions of the Distribution
Utility or of the User. In addition, a Safety Tag shall be placed at the
switching points.
6.8.5.3 The Implementing Safety Coordinator, after the required Isolation in
all locations had been established in his System, shall notify the
Requesting Safety Coordinator that the required Isolation has been
implemented.
6.8.5.4 After the confirmation of Isolation, the Requesting Safety Coordinator
shall inform the former of the establishment of relevant Isolation, if any,
on his System and request, if required, the implementation of Grounding.
6.8.5.5 The Implementing Safety Coordinator shall ensure the implementation
of Grounding and notify the Requesting Safety Coordinator that
Grounding has been established in his System.
6.8.5.6 Grounding shall be implemented by any of the following:
(a) A Grounding switch secured in a closed position by a lock and affixing
a Safety Tag to it or by such other method in accordance with the
Local Safety Instructions of the Distribution Utility or of the User, as
the case may be; or
(b) An adequate physical connection (e.g., Grounding Cluster) which shall
be in accordance with the methods set out in the Local Safety
Instructions of the Distribution Utility or those of the User. In addition,
a Safety Tag shall be placed at the point of connection and all related
switching points.
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6.8.5.7 If the disconnect switch or the Grounding switch is locked with its
own locking mechanism or with a padlock, the key shall be secured in a
key cabinet.
6.8.6 Authorization of Testing
If the Requesting Safety Coordinator wishes to authorize a test on MV or HV
Equipment, he shall only do so after the following procedure has been
implemented:
(a) Confirmation is obtained from the Implementing Safety Coordinator that
no person is working on or testing, or has been authorized to work on or
test, any part of his System within the Points of Isolation identified;
(b) All Safety Precautions other than the current Safety Precautions have been
cancelled; and
(c) The Implementing Safety Coordinator agrees with him on the conduct of
testing in that part of the System.
6.8.7 Cancellation of Safety Precautions
6.8.7.1 When the Requesting Safety Coordinator decides that Safety
Precautions are no longer required, he shall contact the Implementing
Safety Coordinator and inform him that the Safety Precautions are no
longer required.
6.8.7.2 Both coordinators shall then cancel the Safety Precautions.
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6.9.1.7 If the User failed to rectify the situation, the Distribution Utility may
disconnect the User from the Distribution System, in accordance with the
Connection Agreement or Amended Connection Agreement.
6.9.2 Monitoring of User Effect on the Distribution System
6.9.2.1 The Distribution Utility shall, from time to time, monitor the effect of
the User System in the Distribution System.
6.9.2.2 The monitoring shall normally be related to the amount of Active
Power and Reactive Power transferred across the Connection Point.
6.9.2.3 If the User is exporting (or importing) from the Distribution System a
Demand in excess of the value specified in the Connection Agreement or
Amended Connection Agreement, the Distribution Utility shall inform the
User. Upon the request of the User, the Distribution Utility shall
demonstrate the results of such monitoring.
6.9.2.4 The User may request technical information from the Distribution
Utility on the method of monitoring adopted, and if necessary, request to
use another method that is acceptable to the Distribution Utility.
6.9.2.5 If the User is operating outside the limits specified in Sections 4.2.5,
4.2.6, and 4.2.7, the User shall immediately restrict the Demand transfer to
within the value specified in the Connection Agreement or Amended
Connection Agreement. The restriction shall be in effect until a new
Amended Connection Agreement is signed and the necessary changes in
the Connection Point are undertaken.
6.9.2.6 If the Users Demand is in excess of the rated capacity of the
Connection Point, the User shall limit the Demand transfer to the value
specified in the Connection Agreement or Amended Connection
Agreement.
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6.10.3.5 The agenda for the meeting of the System Test Group shall include
the following:
(a) The details of the purpose and nature of the proposed System Test and
other matters included in the System Test Request;
(b) Evaluation of the System Test Procedure as submitted by the System
Test Proponent and making the necessary modifications to come up
with the final System Test Procedure;
(c) The possibility of scheduling simultaneously the proposed System Test
with any other test and with Equipment Maintenance which may arise
pursuant to the Maintenance Program requirements of the Distribution
System or the System of the Users; and
(d) The economic, operational, and risk implications of the proposed
System Test on the Distribution System, the System of the other Users,
and the Scheduling and Dispatch of the Embedded Generating Plants.
6.10.3.6 The Distribution Utility, the System Test Proponent (if it is not the
Distribution Utility) and the affected Users (including those which are not
represented in the System Test Group) shall provide the System Test
Group, upon request, with such details as the System Test Group
reasonably requires to carry out the proposed System Test.
6.10.4 System Test Program
6.10.4.1 Within 2 months after the first meeting and at least 1 month prior to
the date of the proposed System Test, the System Test Group shall submit
to the Distribution Utility, the System Test Proponent (if it is not the
Distribution Utility), and the affected Users a proposed System Test
Program which shall contain the following:
(a) Plan for carrying out the System Test;
(b) System Test Procedure to be followed during the test including the
manner in which the System Test is to be monitored;
(c) List of responsible persons, including Safety Coordinators when
necessary, who will be involved in carrying out the System Test;
(d) An allocation of the testing cost among the affected parties; and
(e) Such other matters as the System Test Group may deem appropriate
and necessary and are approved by the management of the affected
parties.
6.10.4.2 If the proposed System Test Program is acceptable to the
Distribution Utility, the System Test Proponent, and the affected Users, the
final System Test Program shall be constituted and the System Test shall
proceed accordingly. Otherwise, the System Test Group shall revise the
System Test Program.
6.10.4.3 If the System Test Group is unable to develop a System Test
Program or reach a decision in implementing the System Test Program, the
Distribution Utility shall determine whether it is necessary to proceed with
the System Test to ensure the safety and Reliability of the Distribution
System.
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more than twice a year except when there are reasonable grounds to justify
the necessity for further tests.
6.11.1.5 If an Embedded Generating Unit fails the test, the Embedded
Generation Company shall correct the deficiency within an agreed period
to attain the relevant registered parameters for that Embedded Generating
Unit.
6.11.1.6 Once the Embedded Generation Company achieves the registered
parameters of its Embedded Generating Unit that previously failed the test,
it shall immediately notify the Distribution Utility. The Distribution Utility
shall then require the Embedded Generation Company to conduct a retest
in order to demonstrate that the appropriate parameter has already been
restored to its registered value.
6.11.1.7 If a dispute arises relating to the failure of an Embedded Generating
Unit to pass a given test, the Distribution Utility, the Embedded
Generation Company, and/or User shall seek to resolve the dispute among
themselves.
6.11.1.8 If the dispute cannot be resolved, one of the parties may submit the
issue to the ERC through the DMC.
6.11.2 Tests to be Performed for Large and Medium Embedded Generating
Units
6.11.2.1 The Reactive Power Test shall demonstrate that the Large or
Medium Embedded Generating Unit meets the registered Reactive Power
Capability requirements specified in Sections 4.5.5, 4.6.3 or 4.7.3 as
applicable. The Embedded Generating Unit shall pass the test if the
measured values are within 5% of the Capability as registered with the
Transmission Network Provider through the Distribution Utility.
6.11.2.2 The Frequency Withstand Test shall demonstrate that the Large or
Medium Embedded Generating Unit has the capability to remain
Synchronized to the network for the time prescribed in Sections 4.5.2,
4.6.2 or 4.7.2, as applicable. The Generating Unit shall pass the test if it
does not disconnect when System Frequency is within the permissible
values.
6.11.2.3 The Primary Response Test shall demonstrate that the Large or
Medium Embedded Generating Unit has the capability to provide Primary
Response, as specified in Section 4.5.7, 4.6.5 or 4.7.4, as applicable. The
Generating Unit shall pass the test if the measured response in MW/Hz is
within 5% of the required level of response within 5 seconds.
6.11.2.4 The Reactive Power Control Test shall demonstrate that the Large or
Medium Embedded Generating Unit has the capability to control the
Reactive Power at the Connection Point, as specified in Section 4.5.6,
4.6.4 or 4.7.3, as applicable. The Embedded Generating Plant shall pass
the test if:
(a) In Voltage control mode, the Large Embedded Generating Plant is
capable to control the Voltage at the Connection Point within a margin
not greater than 0.01 p.u., provided the Reactive Power injected or
absorbed is within the limits specified in Section 4.5.5 to 4.6.3, as
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CHAPTER 7
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TABLE 7-1
MINIMUM TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTION REVENUE METERS OF
LOW VOLTAGE CUSTOMERS
Transformer Rated
Service Type Self-Contained Meter
Meter
1-phase 2-wire Form 1S and 1A Form 3S and 3A
TABLE 7-2
MINIMUM TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTION REVENUE METERS OF
MEDIUM/HIGH VOLTAGE CUSTOMERS
Accuracy Class IEC 687 Class 0.2/ANSI 12.20 Class 0.3 or better
Frequency 60 Hz
Recording Billing Display and record the applicable TOU energy and power
Quantities (as applicable) parameters (kWh, kVARh if required)
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7.3.3.3 If both parties cannot agree on the accuracy of the Meter, only the
ERC, shall act as arbiter.
7.3.4 Operation and Maintenance of Metering Facilities and Equipment
7.3.4.1 The Distribution Utility or the MSP shall maintain all Metering
Equipment. Distribution Utility or the MSP shall keep all test results,
Maintenance Programs, and sealing records for at least 5 years. The
Equipment data and test records shall be furnished by the Distribution
Utility or the MSP to the User upon request, subject to the Distribution
Utilitys policies in relation to record confidentiality.
7.3.4.2 The Metering Equipment at the Connection Point shall be operated
and maintained in accordance with the latest ERC issued rules and
procedures for the test and maintenance of electric Meters. The regular
maintenance activities shall include as a minimum:
(a) Periodic calibration and accuracy test of Meters, in accordance with
the latest Rules for the In-Service Sampling Test requirement by the
ERC based on ERC Rules and Procedures for the Test and
Maintenance of Electric Meters of Distribution Utilities, as amended,
and pre-installation test of instrument transformers; and
(b) Periodic check of the Meter clock, if applicable, for deviations against
the Philippine Standard Time.
7.3.4.3 Any reported Metering Equipment malfunction or failure or Metering
Data defects shall be verified immediately by the Distribution Utility or
the MSP. The correction or adjustment of meter data to address any
confirmed Metering Equipment failure or malfunction shall be submitted
by the Distribution Utility or the MSP within the billing period, or in
accordance with prescribed timelines under the Distribution Utilitys
billing manual, or agreements with Embedded Generation
Companies/Energy Suppliers. However, if the metering failure or
malfunction is confirmed near the end of the billing period, any correction
or adjustment of Meter data may be submitted by the Distribution Utility
or the MSP in the immediately succeeding billing period.
7.3.4.4 A Metering Equipment that has failed in an accuracy test or
malfunctioned shall be immediately replaced and restored to the prescribed
configuration and shall be undertaken by the Distribution Utility or the
MSP.
7.3.5 Traceability of Metering Standard
The Distribution Utility or the MSP shall ensure that all Equipment used in the
measurement of Meter accuracy or in the establishment of test condition for the
determination of Meter accuracy shall be calibrated and traceable to the National
Institute of Standards or to any reputable international standard body. The
traceability shall be carried out in accordance with the guidelines set by the ERC.
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7.4.7.5 The Distribution Utility or the MSP shall investigate any reported
breach of security to determine its effect on the Metering Equipment and
the metered quantities of Energy and Demand; and report its findings to its
Management and the Distribution Utility or the MSP, the concerned User
of the Distribution System, and if required, the ERC.
7.4.7.6 The Distribution Utility or the MSP shall calculate and submit a
recommended correction or adjustment to the metered quantities that are
found to be in error due to the breach of security. In cases of
disagreements, the ERC shall resolve the same in accordance with existing
laws, rules and regulations.
7.4.7.7 The Distribution Utility or the MSP and all other Parties that are
provided with revenue Metering Data are required to maintain the
confidentiality of such Metering Data.
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CHAPTER 8
8.1 PURPOSE
To establish procedures which in some cases may allow permanent exemption
from Philippine Distribution Code requirements.
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APPENDIX A
1.2 DEFINITIONS
The following words and phrases shall, unless more particularly defined in an
Article, Section, or Subsection of this Appendix, have the following meanings:
Average Collection Period. The ratio of average receivables to daily sales.
Average Receivables. The average of the accounts receivable at the beginning
and end of the period.
Average Total Assets. The average of the assets at the beginning and end of
the period.
Daily Sales. Total annual sales divided by 365 days.
Debt Ratio. The ratio of total liabilities to total assets.
Financial Efficiency Ratio. A financial indicator that measures the
productivity in the entitys use of its assets.
Interest Cover. The ratio of earnings before interest and taxes plus
depreciation to interest.
Leverage Ratio. A financial indicator that measures the degree of
indebtedness of an entity.
Liquidity Ratio. A financial indicator that measures the ability of an entity to
satisfy its short-term obligations as they become due.
Net Profit Margin. The ratio of net profits after taxes to sales.
Profitability Ratio. A financial indicator that measure the entitys return on
its investments.
Quick Ratio. The ratio of current assets less inventory to current liabilities.
Return on Assets (ROA). The ratio of net profits after taxes to average total
assets.
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sales over a two-year period, the actual sales on the preceding year shall be
used as the basis for the computation of the security deposit in the current
year.
1.4.4.4 The amount of the security deposit shall be sufficient to provide
adequate recourse for customers in the event of fraud or non-performance
by the applicant.
1.4.4.5 The applicant shall designate the geographic area (or customer class) it
intends to serve.
1.4.4.6 The ERC shall adopt an annual fee to be charged to all applicants on
an annual basis (the amount to be determined by the ERC and will change
from time to time).
1.4.4.7 The financial standards for customer protection apply primarily to all
the applicants funds, including deposits or advances, from customers prior
to providing services.
1.4.5 Certification Standards
1.4.5.1 Prior to the grant of a license, the ERC may require that applicants,
who do not plan to collect funds or advanced deposits prior to providing
services, to procure a bond or insurance coverage in an amount sufficient
to protect customers in the event of default or non-performance by the
applicant.
1.4.5.2 The amount of the bond or insurance shall be based on the number of
customers expected to be served and the number of kilowatt-hours of
electricity the applicant expects to supply. Incentives (in terms of reduced
deposit requirements) may be given to applicants who have shown
outstanding customer service performance, and who have consistently and
accurately estimated expected sales.
1.4.5.3 The applicant shall designate the geographic area (or customer class) it
intends to serve.
1.4.5.4 The ERC shall adopt an annual fee to be charged to all applicants on
an annual basis (the amount shall be determined by the ERC and will
change from time to time).
1.4.5.5 Certifications standards apply primarily to applicants who do not plan
to collect funds or advanced deposits prior to providing services.
1.4.6 Financial Standards for Billing, Collection, and Profitability
1.4.6.1 The following Financial Ratios shall be used to assess the capability of
Suppliers to bill, collect from its customers, and earn a satisfactory rate of
return on its investment.
(a) Leverage Ratios:
(1) Debt Ratio;
(2) Debt-Equity Ratio; and
(3) Interest Cover;
(b) Liquidity Ratios:
(1) Current Ratio;
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1.4.8.2 Within 60 days of complying with the credit standards, the applicant
(or Supplier) shall file with the ERC a sworn affidavit that demonstrates
compliance with this requirement. Such a demonstration of compliance
shall include the provision, along with the affidavit, of independent third
party documentation verifying the veracity of the information relied upon
for compliance.
1.4.8.3 Within 60 days of complying with the financial standards for Customer
protection, the applicant (or Supplier) shall file with the ERC a sworn
affidavit that attests compliance with the minimum security deposit
requirement. Such a demonstration of compliance shall be accompanied by
documentation by the bank, insurance company, or any accredited
financial intermediary verifying the integrity and validity of the financial
instruments relied upon for compliance.
1.4.8.4 Within 60 days of complying with certification standards, the applicant
(or Supplier) shall file with the ERC a sworn affidavit that attests
compliance (including providing minimum security deposit if required).
Such a demonstration of compliance shall be accompanied by
documentation from an independent third party verifying the validity of
the documents relied upon for compliance.
1.4.8.5 Within 60 days of complying with organizational and managerial
resource requirements, the applicant (or Supplier) shall file with the ERC a
sworn affidavit that attests compliance with this requirement.
1.4.8.6 The applicant shall inform the ERC of its proposed geographic service
area.
1.4.8.7 The applicant shall inform the ERC the type of service agreement it
entered with a Distribution Utility whose Franchise Area the applicant is
planning to offer its services. Such an agreement shall include a provision
of whether End-Users will be billed separately by the Supplier and
Distribution Utility, or will instead receive a consolidated bill from either
the Supplier or the Distribution Utility.
1.4.8.8 A Supplier shall submit to the ERC a profile of its customers,
indicating the average power consumption for each type of customers for
the preceding twelve months. This requirement shall be due on or before
May 15 of the current year.
1.4.8.9 Failure to submit the requirements to the ERC, shall serve as grounds
for the imposition of appropriate sanctions, fines, penalties, or adverse
evaluation.
1.4.8.10 All submissions shall be certified under oath by a duly authorized
officer.
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APPENDIX B
FORMULA
Where:
ri = Restoration Time for each Interruption Event
Ni = Number of Interrupted Customers for each Sustained
Interruption event during the reporting period
i 1 12
Where:
IMi = Number of Momentary Interruptions
Nmi = Number of Interrupted Customers for each Momentary
Interruption event during the reporting period
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Where:
ri = Restoration Time for each Interruption Event
Ni = Number of Interrupted Customers for each Sustained
Interruption event during the reporting period
CMI = Customer Minutes Interrupted
NT = Total Number of Customers Served for the Areas
Where:
Ni = Number of Interrupted Customers for each Sustained
Interruption event during the reporting period
CI = Customers Interrupted
NT = Total Number of Customers Served for the Areas
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Where,
IL = maximum demand load current
Ih = r.m.s. value of the harmonic current of order h
h = harmonic order
Where,
Q = r.m.s. value of the fundamental component; represents
either current or voltage
Qh = r.m.s. value of the harmonic component of order h
h = harmonic order
Or simply,
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Philippine Distribution Code 2016 Edition Formula
141
APPENDIX C
INTERRUPTION REPORTS
Distribution Utility:
District/Zone/or Load Center:
Number of Customers Served during the month: 234,567
Restored Interruption
W
Town/City/Barangay C e
Duration No. of Cust. a a
Date or Subdivision Circuit No. Start Time Isolation Equipment
Date Time (min.) Affected u t
Affected Device Failed
s h
e e
r
3-Ja n-16 Town A Ckt 1 3:49 PM 3-Ja n-16 3:53 PM 4 582 009 104 201 304
5-Ja n-16 Town A Ckt 2 3:49 PM 5-Ja n-16 3:50 PM 1 6005 009 104 201 304
11-Ja n-16 Town A Ckt 2 11:03 PM 11-Ja n-16 11:08 PM 5 6005 009 104 201 304
15-Ja n-16 Town C Ckt 6 1:44 PM 15-Ja n-16 1:46 PM 2 1284 011 104 201 313
16-Ja n-16 Town B Ckt 3 2:51 PM 16-Ja n-16 5:01 PM 130 26498 009 104 201 304
16-Ja n-16 Town C Ckt 5 8:11 PM 16-Ja n-16 8:38 PM 27 5012 010 104 201 313
24-Ja n-16 Town B Ckt 3 5:50 PM 24-Ja n-16 6:00 PM 10 26498 009 104 201 304
27-Ja n-16 Town B Ckt 4 5:06 AM 27-Ja n-16 5:12 AM 6 22388 011 104 201 313
27-Ja n-16 Town C Ckt 6 5:14 AM 27-Ja n-16 5:22 AM 8 1284 011 104 201 313
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