Telljohann TB
Telljohann TB
Multiple Choice
63
B 5. Approximately fifty percent of premature illnesses and death is related
to
A. cancer and heart disease.
B. participation in risky health behaviors.
C. motor vehicle accidents.
D. chewing tobacco.
A 7. The only goal that relates to the school health program in the Goals
2000: Educate America program is
A. providing drug and violence free school by the year 2000.
B. mandating employment of school nurses in all schools.
C. placing school based health clinics in all schools.
D. requiring the teaching of nutrition in all schools by the year
2000.
B 8. The key concepts for organizing effective school health programs are
A. medical care, disease prevention, accident preparedness.
B. health promotion, disease prevention, medical care.
C. home nursing, health prevention, disease prevention.
D. medical care, hospitalization, accident preparedness.
64
D 11. In elementary schools who usually provides the health instruction?
A.the school nurse
B. a health education specialist
C. the physical education teacher
D. the classroom teacher
D 16. Immunizations are required for school attendance for all but which of
the following?
A. rubella and tetanus
B. rubeola and pertussis
C. diphtheria and polio
D. HIV/AIDS and herpes
65
D 18. The federal legislation which established the national school lunch
program was passed
A. following the war in Viet Nam.
B. just before the Civil War.
C. during the presidency of Ronald Reagan.
D. following World War II.
True/False
True 2. People with poor emotional dimension of health will probably have low
self-esteem.
False 3. The spiritual dimension of health relates solely to religious beliefs and
values.
True 5. Since the turn of this century length and quality of life has improved.
False 7. Health education in the schools is included in the Goals 2000: Educate
America program.
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True 8. Medical care includes activities with a focus on sick individuals.
True 10. Schools are more active in disease prevention initiatives than in the
delivery of medical care.
True 12. Health education should include planning of learning goals and
objectives in each learning domain.
False 13. Research indicates that more time in formal instruction are necessary
to produce changes in the cognitive domain that in the affective
domain.
True 15. School districts should have written policies for managing sick and
injured students while at school.
False 16. Based on federal law the classroom teacher must make necessary
repairs to school equipment that is potentially dangerous to students.
True 17. School districts have the responsibility for safety of children being
transported on school buses.
True 19. The national support for the school lunch program rests in the
Department of Agriculture.
False 20. Schools are mandated to participate in the federal school lunch
program.
False 21. Recess should be eliminated following grade two because of the need
for more academic time.
False 22. The average length of time for elementary school physical education
classes is ten minutes.
67
True 23. School districts are a good location for providing work-site health
promotion programs.
True 24. School districts should establish school health advisory councils.
True 25. Schools should seek ways to work with non-profit health agencies in
the community.
Short Answer
4. What are the six preventable behaviors that have been identified as important in prevention of
illness and premature death?
6. What differences are there between the affective domain and cognitive domain of learning?
7. What responsibilities do school personnel have for caring for students who become ill or
injured while at school?
8. What is the responsibility of teachers relating to physical hazards around the school facility?
9. What has research indicated regarding the relationship between students who eat a school
lunch program and school attendance and achievement?
10. In what ways does the school psychologist and social worker contribute to the goals and
objectives of the school health program?
Essay
4. Discuss the three key concepts in organizing an effective school health program.
5. Explain the impact of the national health education standards initiative on school health
program development.
6. What are the immunizations that a child must have before being able to enroll in school?
7. Identify some of the physical hazards around a school that impact the health and well-being of
children.
8. Discuss the relationship between nutritional status and academic achievement at school of
elementary and middle-level school children.
9. How can the school nutrition/feeding program be coordinated with the school nutritional
instructional program.
10. What contributions to wellness and good health status can the elementary and middle-level
physical education program provide?
11. Discuss some of the ways in which a school health program can be a part of a broader based
community health program.
12. Identify some of the agencies, organizations, and activities within your community that have
programming which the school teacher can use in the school health program.
69
CHAPTER 2
School Health Services: Activities to Protect and Promote
the Health of Students
Multiple Choice
D 2. The classroom teacher should perform all but which one of the
following?
A. gathering of information
B. referral
C. student observation
D. diagnosis of condition
70
B 6. The school nurse
A. teaches health classes.
B. serves as a liaison with the parents regarding the health status of
the child.
C. is overpaid for his or her skills and training.
D. is the only individual in the school who should be permitted to
perform first aid.
D 8. Who has the primary responsibility for meeting the specialized needs of
the medically fragile child while at school?
A. school physician
B. school secretary
C. classroom teacher
D. school nurse
71
C 12. An inflammation of the sebaceous gland on the edge of the eyelid is a
A. cataract.
B. strabismus.
C. sty.
D. pigmentosa
B 14. Trachoma is a
A. viral infection that affects the optic nerve.
B. bacterial infection that affects the cornea.
C. fungal infection of the pupil of the eye.
D. viral infection that affects the rods and cones of the retina.
D 17. The buildup of the vitreous fluid in the interior of the eye is
A. strabismus.
B. uveitis.
C. cataract.
D. glaucoma.
72
B 19. When one has myopia objects at a distance
A. appear fuzzy and blurry, as do those that are nearby.
B. appear fuzzy and blurry, nearby objects are clear.
C. appear clear, but nearby objects are fuzzy.
D. and nearby objects are both very clear.
C 23. The first state-wide school vision screening program was established
in
A. New York.
B. Massachusetts.
C. Connecticut.
D. Virginia.
D 24. The most commonly used and least expensive vision screening device
in the schools is
A. Keystone Telebinocular.
B. Massachusetts Vision Test.
C. Bausch and Lomb School Ortho-Rater.
D. Snellen Eye chart.
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C 25. Children are examined at what distance when the Snellen Eye Chart
test is given?
A. ten feet
B. ten yards
C. twenty feet
D. twenty yards
A 26. A report of 20/40 on the Snellen Eye Screening indicates that the child
can see at
A. twenty feet what the normal child can see at forty feet.
B. forty feet what the normal child can see at twenty feet.
C. twenty yards what the normal child can see at forty yards.
D. forty yards what the normal child can see at twenty yards.
C 30. The one single most reliable test frequency for hearing is
A. 500 Hz.
B. 750 Hz.
C. 1,000 Hz.
D. 1,500 Hz.
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B 32. An audiogram that shows greater loss in the high frequencies indicates
a
A. conductive hearing loss.
B. sensorineural hearing loss.
C. astigmatism hearing loss.
D. mixed hearing loss.
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D 39. Pertussis is an infection of the
A. skeletal system.
B. digestive system.
C. reproductive system
D. respiratory system.
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A 46. Hepatitis B virus is found in
A. blood and other body secretions.
B. human waste.
C. vaccines developed in third world nations.
D. post-war studies in Egypt.
C 48. The policies and procedures governing the giving of first aid and
emergency treatment in the schools should be
A. those recommended by the state department of education.
B. those recommended by the local fire department.
C. locally determined by a committee.
D. written by the medical director of the local health
commissioner.
C 49. In every school, the plan for first aid and emergency care should
A. include having locked first aid kits, with the key held by the
school nurse.
B. provide any and all supplies that might conceivably be helpful.
C. include a list of clear, concise standing orders.
D. limit the provision of first aid to health professionals.
True/False
77
False 2. The principle service provided in school-based health clinics is
reproductive health care.
10. Physical growth and development screening have little value among
elementary school-age children.
False 12. There are prescriptive ointments that can be given for viral-caused
inflammation of the eyes.
True 13. The most effective measure to counter the sty is to apply hot
compresses to the sty.
True 16. Injuries to tissues surrounding the eyes should be cared for as is any
wound.
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False 17. When alignment of the eyes is turned inward, it is referred to as
exotropia.
True 18. Among school age children retinal detachment is most likely to result
from injuries to the head.
True 19. Surgery can repair some of the problems associated with glaucoma.
True 22. With myopia objects at a distance tend to be fuzzy and blurry.
False 25. There are three effective instruments that can be used in school
screening programs for astigmatism.
True 26. Children enrolled in EPSDT are required to have vision screening.
True 27. Visual acuity refers to how well an individual sees an object at a
specific distance.
False 28. The Snellen Eye Chart screening procedure is very ineffective for use
in school vision screening programs because of cost.
True 29. Boys are more likely to be color blind than girls.
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False 34. Sensorineural hearing loss is usually considered to be a temporary
hearing loss.
False 35. A sensorineural hearing loss usually affects the lower frequencies.
True 40. It is best to screen boys and girls separately for scoliosis in a school
setting.
True 41. The United States Supreme Court has ruled that compulsory
immunization requirements for school attendance is constitutional.
False 42. Diphtheria is a communicable disease which affects the abdominal and
circulatory system.
False 43. Th DPT immunization is usually begun at about ten months of age.
True 44. In order to be completely immunized for diphtheria the child should
have a minimum of four doses of the DPT.
True 46. It is recommended that the oral polio vaccine be given prior to
eighteen months of age.
False 48. Immunization for rubella involves receiving three doses of the vaccine.
False 49. German measles is known as "red measles" or "seven day" measles.
True 50. The first indications of measles are similar to those of a common cold.
80
False 52. Immunization for all three types of hepatitis are now available.
True 54. The principal treatment for hepatitis B involves interferon therapy
administered by injection.
True 57. Cirrhosis of the liver develops from hepatitis C virus exposure.
False 58. It is recommended that the first dose of HBV be administered about
one year of age.
True 60. Parents have the right to see information recorded on the health
records of their children at school.
Short Answer
2. What are some of the responsibilities that a school nurse fulfills within the school health
service program?
3. How did the Education for All Handicapped Children Act impact the school health service
program?
5. What is an IEP?
6. Why are teacher observations so important to the provision of health services at school?
7. What are some of the medical procedures that now must be carried out on handicapped
children at school by school nurses?
81
9. What should be included in the physical examination of an elementary school child?
10. What are some of the observations that the classroom teacher can make regarding vision and
hearing problems?
11. What emergency care measures can be taken when there is an injury to the eye?
15. How can the school nurse or teacher screen for eye muscle imbalance?
16. What inexpensive procedures can the classroom teacher perform to screen for color
blindness?
18. Explain the differences between air and bone conduction testing.
19. What measures can the classroom teacher take to perform initial screening for hearing
deficiency?
22. What are the differences between structural and postural scoliosis?
23. What are the exemptions from compulsory immunization requirements for school
admittance?
24. For what diseases do most states require immunization before a child can enter school?
82
30. How does Hepatitis A differ from Hepatitis B as it relates to treatment and care?
32. What type of policy should be developed relating to emergency care of children at school?
33. What rights do parents have to see information on their childs school health records?
34. Who is responsible for maintaining the health records of students at school
Essay
1. Discuss some of the issues centering around opposition to the provision of health services to
students at school.
2. Identify some of the diseases of the eyes that can present problems for children.
3. Why are refractive errors of particular concern to a school health service screening program?
4. Discuss the purpose, value, and procedures used in the Snellen Eye Chart school examination.
5. In what ways can hearing difficulties have an impact upon the students learning experiences?
6. Explain how young peoples hearing has been affected by increased sound intensity created by
musical amplification.
7. Explain various screening procedures that the school nurse and/or the classroom teacher can
take for scoliosis.
12. What special concerns must school personnel have relating to Hepatitis A and B?
13. Develop the legal base for suggesting that teachers have a legal responsibility to aid children
who become sick or injured in their school.
83
14. Why has the federal legislation regarding education for handicapped children meant an
increase in medical involvement at school of the school nurse?
15. Explain the impact of the Family Rights and Privacy Act on school health record keeping.
16. Discuss the concern of school nurses about school health record keeping.
17. What kinds of information should be kept on a childs school health record?
84
85
CHAPTER 3
The Instructional Program: Comprehensive School Health
Education
Multiple Choice
C
1. In American schools the responsibility for curriculum development rests
with the
A. state department of education.
B. local teachers union.
C. local school district.
D. local city/county governmental offices.
D
2. A CDC study found that how many states had a professional who is
responsible for the school health education program?
A. twenty-two states
B. half of the states
C. all but three of the states
D. all of the states
A
3. In the United States there is
A. much disparity in health education programing among
school districts.
B. great similarity in health education programming among school
districts.
C. commonality in health education programming among school
districts.
D. disparity in health programming in rural schools, but not in
large urban school districts.
D
4. Health curriculum development is influenced by all but which of the
following?
A. need of the students
B. textbooks available and used
C. teachers interest and expertise
D. recommendations of local public health department
86
A 5. Lower-order thinking occurs when students are asked to
A. receive or recite facts.
B. synthesize information.
C. draw conclusions about ideas.
D. manipulate and explain ideas.
C 10. The school health education curriculum should include all but which
of the following content areas?
A. family life and personal health
B. community health and nutrition
C. condom use and abortion
D. consumer health and environmental health
87
11. According to the CDC which of the following should be included in a
B school health program?
A. environmental health and consumer health
B. reproductive health promotion and intentional and
unintentional injury
C. personal health and community health
D. dental health and growth and development
12. The most meaningful teaching methods include all but which of the
C following?
A. use discovery approaches
B. focus instruction on positive rather than punitive approaches
C. spend little emphasis on the affective domain
D. provide opportunities to practice and master the skills
88
16. Which of the following curricula have been shown to reduce sexual
C risk behaviors associated with HIV and unintended pregnancy?
A. Life Skills Training
B. Project Towards No Tobacco Use
C. Be Proud! Be Responsible
D. Project Quest
True/False
1. In the United States the responsibility for curriculum development in
False the public schools rests with the federal government.
4. Research has revealed that less than half of the states require that
False schools provide some health instruction at the elementary school level.
6. The authors and publishers of textbooks can exert influence over the
True health content covered in health instruction.
True
7. Higher-order thinking requires students to synthesize information and
draw conclusions about ideas.
True
8. In use of lower-order thinking students are called upon to apply rules
through repetitive experiences.
True
9. Class activities should have an impact on the experiences the child will
experience outside of the classroom.
False
10. High-level, substantive conversation involves lecture and recitation.
False
11. Classroom activities in which ideas are shared in a forum that is not
scripted is referred to as low-level conversation.
89
12. Students learn best when there are positive teacher-learner
True relationships.
13. Students tend to learn better when they can interact with other
True students.
14. Students learn better when they are kept from becoming emotionally
False involved with concepts being taught.
17. Research has shown that school health education has no impact on
False national health care cost containment.
18. Studies have shown that few parents are supportive of comprehensive
False school health education programming.
19. Research has indicated that students desire that more instructional time
True be given to health than to English, math, and science.
True
24. Elementary and middle-level classroom teachers are encouraged
initially to focus lesson planning energies on developing age
appropriate activities for students.
True
25. The most effective learning activities are those that help students
connect the content issues and health promoting behaviors.
False
26. Learning activities and materials in health education should be more
abstract than concrete for elementary school age children.
90
27. Learning is a collaborative process.
True
28. Research has indicated that elementary school age children are too
False young to be expected to participate in collaborative planning of the
health education lessons.
30. The intended target of the document entitled School Health: Findings
False from Evaluated Programs is parents and their family physicians.
31. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does not endorse
True specific school health education curricula.
32. The curriculum entitled Life Skills Training has shown to be effective
False in reducing sexual risk behaviors.
33. The curriculum entitled Reducing the Risk has been shown to be
False effective in reducing tobacco use among adolescents.
Short Answer
3. Why has health instruction not be a priority in recent educational reform initiatives?
4. Why is health content in the curriculum often influenced by the interest or expertise of the
classroom teacher?
7. Identify several concepts that should be considered relating to how students learn best when
developing classroom instruction.
8. The health education curriculum should include what ten health content areas?
9. According to Lohrmann and Wooley what are concepts that result in effective health
education curricula?
91
10. What is meant by a "skill-based approach to health education"?
13. What are ways in which human diversity issues can be considered in planning health
education curriculum?
14. Identify ways in which children can be involved in the development of health education
lessons and curriculum.
15. What are several curricula that have been shown to reduce sexual risk behaviors with HIV
and untended pregnancy?
Essay
1. What are the responsibilities of the local, state, and federal education leaders in establishing
curriculum?
2. Why has there been interest expressed in national standardized curriculum for the educational
"basics"?
5. Discuss the six content areas recommended by CDC to be included in a school health
education instructional curriculum.
6. Explain how school health education can contribute to national health care cost containment.
7. What steps have been identified to help students master health skills?
8. Discuss suggested guidelines for organizing learning strategies that are both age-and
individually-appropriate in the health education curriculum.
9. Discuss Williams four step procedure for engaging students in a collaborative approach to
curriculum planning.
92
93
CHAPTER 4
Tools of Teaching: The Hardware of Instruction
Multiple Choice
94
D 5. Most readability formulas use which of the following to determine
reading level?
A. Sentence length and use of pictures
B. Vocabulary and printing of the material
C Printing and use of pictures
D. Sentence length and vocabulary
C 8. Health-related information
A. Is only found in health textbooks.
B. Is often to be found in math textbooks.
C. Is commonly found in science textbooks.
D. Is never presented in science textbooks.
D 9. Which of the following topics are usually not found in elementary and
middle-level science textbooks?
A. Systems of the body
B. Nutrition and eating patterns
C. Safety concepts
D. Health-related impact of environmental concerns
95
B 11. The Internet is a
A. make of computer used in most schools.
B. global network of thousands of interconnected computer
networks.
C. designed primarily for use in high schools.
D. a presentation primarily of governmental documents and
information.
B 12. www.healthfinder.gov is a
A. web page developed by a non-governmental agency.
B. web page provided by the government.
C. web page providing access only to medical schools and
hospitals.
D. web page designed by three different institutions of higher
education.
96
C 16. Simulation has been used primarily in the
A. presentation of material in a logical and sequential format.
B. lower elementary grades with students having trouble learning
to read.
C. helping students to develop and strengthen decision-
making skills.
D. reinforcement of material that has already been presented.
C 17. The most commonly used computer software used in the classroom
today is the
A. World-Wide Web.
B. PC.
C. CD-ROM.
D. DOS.
D 18. Most health education computer software developed to date has been
designed for use with
A. middle-level children.
B. elementary and middle-level children.
C. preschool and kindergarten children.
D. adolescents and adults.
97
A 22. The Keeping Safe computer instructional program was designed over
concern about
A. child abuse.
B. teen pregnancy.
C. bicycle safety.
D. water safety and drowning.
B 23. Health Watch has been designed for use with students in grades
A. K through 3.
B. 3 through 5.
C. 6 through 8..
D. 5 through 10.
A 26. All About You is an instructional television series designed for use in
grades
A. 1 through 3.
B. 4 through 6.
C. 5 through 8.
D. 7 and 8.
True/False
False 1. Research indicates that textbooks are of little value in the learning
process of the elementary and middle-level student.
98
True 2. Textbooks in health education provide a source of reliable and accurate
information.
True 3. Current health education textbooks for use in the elementary and
middle-level grades are designed to encourage individual responsibility
for health.
True 6. A health textbook should be selected for its ability to support the health
curriculum developed at the local school district level.
False 11. Elementary and middle-level health textbooks are usually authored by
one single author.
True 12. Teachers who will use the books in their classes should be involved in
the textbook selection process.
True 13. Basic anatomy and physiology of the body is commonly found in
science textbooks.
False 14. Information about the reproductive system is usually found in early
elementary health and science textbooks.
False 15. The subject of death and dying is commonly found in elementary and
middle-level grade health textbooks.
True 16. The use of computers will increase in classroom use in the future.
99
False 18. Computer programs are designed to replace the classroom teaching
process.
False 21. There are less than 500 health-related Web sites at present.
False 23. Simulation has been found to be helpful in presenting material for the
first time.
True 24. The most widely available software programs on health-related topics
are health-risk appraisals.
True 25. Compact disk read-only memory is the most commonly used software
in the classroom.
False 26. CD-ROM is an Internet program designed for use in school health
programs.
False 27. Most currently developed CD-ROM material has been developed for
use in preschool and primary school years.
True 28. The Body Awareness Resource Network (BARN) software program
includes material about alcohol, drugs, and smoking.
False 29. The Food for Thought computer software program has been designed
primarily for use with elementary school-age children.
True 30. Dental hygiene information is part of the Health Watch software
program.
False 31. A visitor from outer space, Starga, is part of a computer program
developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
100
True 34. In using instructional television drama is used to deal with such topics
as death and loneliness.
True 35. The Slim Goodbody series includes a program about HIV/AIDS.
Short Answer
1. What are some of the benefits that are experienced when using health textbooks in the
classroom setting?
3. What are some of the pedagogical aids found in health textbooks for elementary and
middle-level students?
4. What kinds of materials are provided by the publishing companies to assist the teachers using
the textbooks?
7. What are some of the topics that are considered to be controversial in health textbooks?
8. What are health-related topics that can be found in other subject textbooks?
11. Why must a classroom teacher be able to evaluate health-related information found on the
Internet?
16. What are several software packages that are designed for use with fifth and sixth grade
students?
101
17. How effective has computer based education been on impacting health behaviors?
Essay
1. Discuss some of the procedures that usually occur in a textbook selection process at the local
school level.
2. What are some of the features that an elementary and/or middle-level school teacher must be
aware of in selecting a health textbook?
3. Discuss the issue of controversial issues and their placement in health textbooks.
4. What topics can be found in various subject textbooks in the elementary and middle-level
school that relate to health?
5. Identify and locate a Web page with information useful to health teaching in the elementary
and/or middle-level school.
7. Discuss the most advantageous uses of tutorials, drill and practice, simulation, and gaming.
8. Identify and explain how you might use some of the health software programs that are now
available for use with elementary and middle-level school children.
9. Identify some of the concepts and topics that are included in instructional television
programming that can be used in health instruction.
10. What are some instructional needs that instructional television can help to meet?
102
103
CHAPTER 5
Managing Health Education in the Busy Classroom
Environment
Multiple Choice
D 1. At what grade level are health education content specialists most likely
to be found teaching health?
A. pre-school
B. primary grades
C. grades 4-6
D. middle grades
104
D 6. Which of the following is not a benefit of cooperative learning as
determined from research?
A. increased retention and achievement
B. improved attitudes toward learning
C. increased time-on-task
D. decreased motivation
105
D 12. The time that is recommended for the health fair is
A. ten hours.
B. five hours.
C. two to four hours.
D. one to two hours.
106
C 18. Health instruction in the schools has
A. been considered to be part of the "basics" of the curriculum.
B. been shown by research to usurp parents rights in teaching
various concepts.
C. been a subject of controversy in many school systems.
D. rarely been opposed by parents of school children.
True/False
107
True 7. Direct instructional curriculum model is based on a philosophy that
reinforces the value of competition.
False 8. Cooperative learning is used about ten ties more often than the
traditional/competitive teaching-learning model.
True 11. In using cooperative learning students should be arranged into teams
with a range of abilities.
False 12. Cooperative learning teams should be arranged in rows with students
seated alphabetically.
True 13. An activity where groups of students work in pairs is pairs check.
False 15. Cooperative learning teaching strategies have been of little value in
teaching nutritional concepts.
False 16. Roundtable requires that the students sit at a circular table.
False 19. Learning centers has little value in helping students to apply higher-
order thinking skills.
False 20. The health fair should be considered as the foundation of direct
instruction in the elementary and middle-level health curriculum.
True 22. Health fairs provide a good activity for cooperative learning groups.
108
True 23. Tokens are given to remind the participants of the activities in which
they participated at the health fair.
False 24. Health education should not be taught as a separate discipline in the
school curriculum.
True 25. Health concepts are often presented in correlation with other academic
subjects in the elementary and middle-level school.
False 28. Death education has not been controversial in most school districts.
False 30. School districts that have established school health advisory
committees are more likely to have problems relating to controversy
over the health curriculum.
True 31. Teachers should never teach controversial material unless it has been
approved by the local school board.
False 32. Material that is controversial should not be taught until approved by
the local ministerial association.
False 33. Teachers should not attempt to answer controversial questions asked
by their students.
False 34. The National PTA has published a statement of opposition to the
school health program.
True 36. Research has shown that children with a sense of connection with their
school tend to participate in fewer health risk behaviors.
True 37. Academic outcomes are improved when parents know where their
children are and with whom they are spending their time.
109
False 38. Parents should not check and ask questions about homework of their
children.
True 40. Parental involvement with their children has a positive effect on health
behaviors of their children.
Short Answer
1. What are several advantages of the direct instruction scheduling model of curriculum?
4. What are positive benefits for students participating in cooperative learning strategies as
identified from research?
6. What is the difference between roundrobin activity and team word webbing activity when
involved in cooperative learning?
9. What are ways that health fairs can be used in the elementary and/or middle-level school
health curriculum?
10. What are several samples of tokens that can be used in a health fair?
11. What are several recommendations for teachers to organize a health fair?
12. How does direct health instruction differ from correlation of health instruction?
13. What are several advantages of including direct health instruction in the school curriculum?
15. What topics included in the school health program often result in controversy?
110
16. What measures can school administration take to be pro-active relating to controversy with
issues of the school health program?
17. What value is a school health advisory committee in coping with school health controversial
issues?
18. How can teachers effectively cope with controversial issues relating to the school health
program?
20. What are the recommendations for improved student success as published by the Education
Commission of the States?
Essay
1. What are benefits for students of cooperative learning strategies as determined from research?
3. Explain ways in which traditional learning models and cooperative learning differ.
4. What is the role that the teacher is to assume when using cooperative learning in teaching
health education?
6. What are the tasks that the teacher must assume in organizing a health fair as part of the
elementary and/or middle-level health curriculum?
8. Explain various advantages and disadvantages of direct, correlated, and incidental health
instruction.
9. Explain how health concepts can be a part of the childs learning in reading childrens
literature in the elementary and/or middle-level school.
10. Discuss the foundation of controversy concerning school health education programs.
11. What are things that teachers confronted with student questions can do?
12. What is the relationship between parental engagement and academic achievement?
111
13. What are strategies that parents can take to improve academic outcomes for their children?
14. What are several procedures that teachers can take to build bridges to improve relationships
with parents?
15. Discuss what research indicates regarding home and parental relationships and academic
achievement and health behaviors.
112
113
CHAPTER 6
Skills to Impact the Psychosocial Causes of Negative Health
Behavior
Multiple Choice
B 4. People who tend to comply with all or most demands without making
anyone mad at them tend to be
A. aggressive communicators.
B. passive communicators.
C. assertive communicators.
D. mal-developed communicators.
C 5. People who are concerned about their own feelings and the persons
feelings with whom they are talking tend to be
A. aggressive communicators.
B. passive communicators.
C. assertive communicators.
D. mal-developed communicators.
114
C 6. People who use a neutral, calm voice and clearly state their opinion or
disagreement tend to be
A. mal-developed communicators.
B. aggressive communicators.
C. assertive communicators.
D. passive communicators.
B 12. The social norm theory states that students believe that
A. the ends and the means meet somewhere.
B. everyone is doing it.
C. everyone should just say "no".
D. no one counts but me.
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True-False
False 1. School districts should wait until the student is in high school to address
health life-style issues.
False 2. The major emphasis in school health education today is the acquisition
of health knowledge.
True 3. The Life Skills Training Program has been shown to delay the onset of
tobacco use.
True 4. The Life Skills Training Program has a strong skills based component.
True 5. Personal and social skills should be integrated in all school subject
areas.
False 11. People who are passive communicators generally have a positive self
concept.
False 12. Communication skills are an inherited skill and cannot be learned.
False 14. Role playing is not effective in teaching upper-elementary school age
children communication skills.
True 15. Students need time to practice effective peer resistance skills.
False 16. Students in grades 1-2 should be presented peer resistance activities.
True 17. Children can learn that every choice is connected to consequences.
116
True 18. Parents and teachers should hold children accountable for their
decisions.
False 19. Primary age school children should be taught formal decision making
models.
False 21. Advocacy skill development is not appropriate for upper elementary
and middle-level school age children.
True 22. Advocacy skills in health education are related to teaching family and
friends positive health choices.
True 23. Children should be taught how to appropriately express their feelings.
False 24. Defusing conflict cannot be taught at the elementary and middle-level
school level.
True 25. Children can be taught to utilize resources that provide valid health
information.
Short Answer
1. What are reasons that skill development in the area of health education has become more
important than just content acquisition?
2. Identify personal and social skills that should be developed in elementary and middle-level
school age students.
5. What are some activities that can be introduced at school to help teach children
communication skills?
6. How can children learn to develop effective skills to counter peer resistance?
117
9. What are advocacy skills?
10. What are specific skills that a child can develop to access information relating to health?
Essay
1. What are some of the personal and social skills that elementary school-age children should
develop?
4. Identify several activities that can be incorporated into the school curriculum that will help to
teach decision making skills.
6. How can children use advocacy skills relating to positive health behavior?
7. Explain activities that the classroom teacher might use in developing advocacy skills.
8. What are activities that can be conducted with students to help them improve their skills of
accessing?
118
119
CHAPTER 7
Safety: Prevention of Unintentional Injury
Multiple Choice
D 6. The first state in the United States to pass a mandated seat belt use law
was
A. Florida.
B. California.
C. Michigan.
D. New York.
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C 7. The United States Department of Transportation estimates that how
many lives are saved annually by the use of seat belts?
A. 1,000
B. 2,500
C. 4,000
D. 7,500
A 9. The National Safety Council estimates that how many lives are saved
annually by the use of airbags?
A. 700
B. 1,000
C. 2,000
D. 3,500
B 11. It is recommended that small sized adults should sit at least how far
from the airbag in a motor-vehicle?
A. six inches
B. ten inches
C. one foot
D. eighteen inches
C 12. Which state was the first to require that infants and small children be
placed in child restraints?
A. New York
B. Missouri
C. Tennessee
D. Texas
121
D 14. What percentage of boat fatalities are associated with the use of
alcohol?
A. ten percent
B. twenty-five percent
C. one-third of all fatalities
D. half of all fatalities
122
A 21. The National Fire Protection Association recommends that home
smoke detectors be replaced how often?
A. after ten years
B. after fifteen years
C. after two years
D. every six months
C 24. Smokey Bear is used by the United States Forest Service to teach
about
A. seat belt safety.
B. bicycle safety.
C. fire prevention.
D. water safety.
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D 28. In the normal wall outlet in a home how much current of electricity
can be carried?
A. 1,000 amperes
B. 100 amperes
C. 50 amperes
D. 15 amperes
D 34. Most fatalities involving bicycle accidents result from injury to the
A. hands.
B. legs.
C. arms.
D. head.
124
D 35. Most hospital visits to emergency rooms for bicycle injuries are the
result of
A. broken legs.
B. broken arms.
C. scraped skin.
D. head injuries.
B 36. In order to ascertain the appropriate "fit" of a bicycle the rider should
be able to straddle the frame with
A. one foot on the ground.
B. both feet flat on the ground.
C. the head resting on the backstop.
D. the elbows straight.
D 39. The courses, Bicycle Safety and Home Safety have been developed by
the
A. National Safety Council.
B. National Institute for Safety.
C. American Automobile Association.
D. American Red Cross.
C 40. The game, Buckle Up has been developed and distributed by the
A. National Safety Council.
B. American Automobile Association.
C. National Safety Belt Coalition.
D. American Red Cross.
A 41. It is estimated that how many children ride a school bus every day?
A. 22 million
B. 30 million
C. 50 million
D. 100 million
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D 42. Each child riding in a school bus must be provided with a
A. foot rest.
B. seat belt.
C. air bag.
D. seat.
B 45. Who has been opposed to mandating airbags in new motor vehicles?
A. National Safety Council
B. automotive industry
C. American Academy of Pediatrics
D. U. S. Highway Transportation Association
True/False
True 1. The term unintentional injuries has become the accepted term among
professionals in the field of safety.
True 3. The term accident suggests a situation over which one has no control.
True 6. Nearly half of all motor vehicle fatalities result from mechanical failure
of the vehicle.
126
True 7. In the past decade many states have increased the penalties for drunken
driving.
True 9. The blood alcohol level for being declared intoxicated in most states is
0.10 percent.
False 11. Research indicates that following the passage of new seat belt laws,
there is usually a reduction in their use the first three months.
False 12. All but ten of the states now require that pre-school children be placed
in child restraints.
True 13. Child restrains for infants are designed to face the rear of the car.
False 14. The automotive industry has worked very hard to encourage
legislation mandating airbags in all motor vehicles.
True 17. Small adults should sit at least ten inches from the airbag in a motor
vehicle.
False 18. The American Academy of Pediatrics has been opposed to the use of
child restraint seats in motor vehicles.
False 19. The Otto Club is an educational program found on the web site of the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
False 20. Most school districts now provide swimming instruction in the
elementary school curriculum.
True 22. Children should be taught how to enter and leave a boat.
False 23. A majority of drownings that occur to children under five years of age
take place in community-owned and operated pools.
127
True 24. Alcohol consumption is a leading cause of drowning.
False 25. Children should be taught to jump into the water to rescue a drowning
individual.
True 27. Home smoke detectors should be placed at the top of stairs.
True 28. The chemical process that results in a fire is known as combustion.
True 30. Home ownership of smoke detectors has increased in the past decade.
True 31. Every family should develop a home fire escape plan.
False 33. Should ones clothing catch on fire it is important to run as fast as
possible to help extinguish the flames.
True 36. Passage of current through ones body may lead to cardiac arrest.
128
False 43. The month of June has been designated National Poison Prevention
Week.
True 45. State law requires that motor vehicles must stop whenever a school
bus comes to a stop.
False 46. Most school age children wear helmets when riding a bicycle.
False 48. By law children must wear a seat belt while riding in a school bus.
False 49. The incidence of injuries to children involved with school bus
accidents has decreased in the past decade.
True 50. Children must be provided with a seat on all school buses.
Short Answer
6. What is the national health promotion objective for the nation regarding child restraint seats?
9. What is the national health promotion objective for the nation regarding drowning?
10. Why is it important for boat safety to be included in elementary school safety instruction?
129
11. What are teaching activities that the classroom teacher an include on the subject of water
safety?
13. What measures should one take when having to escape from a burning building?
15. What are the features of the four different classes of fire?
18. Why are the use of electrical appliances particularly dangerous in bathrooms?
21. What are several teaching activities that the classroom teacher can present on the subject of
bicycle safety?
22. What measures should be taken to assure that a bicycle properly "fits" the rider?
23. What measures can be taken to reduce the incidences of pedestrian injuries?
25. What are three curriculum packages developed to focus on safety for use in elementary
and/or middle-level school classes?
Essay
1. What is the significance of using the concept of "unintentional injury" rather than to focus on
"accident"?
2. Discuss the importance of attitude formation and behavior relating to safety practices among
young children.
4. Discuss the issue of states setting BAC levels for being able to drive a motor vehicle.
130
5. Discuss some of the opposition that has been raised against federal mandates for the use of
passive restraints.
7. Evaluate educational material found on the Internet by the National Highway Traffic Safety
administration and the Federal Highway Administration for teaching about motor-vehicle
safety.
8. Identify measures that can be taken to prevent drowning in home swimming pools.
10. In what ways can school fire drills be made to seem realistic?
11. Would you include specific instruction about prevention of falls to elementary and middle
level school children? Explain the reasons for your response.
12. What are several protective measures that can be taken around the home to protect against
unintentional poisoning?
13. Should children be required to pass an operators test to ride a bicycle or drive a boat? What
is the basis for your response?
15. How can elementary and middle-level schools improve safety education instruction?
131
Chapter 8
Intentional Injury Prevention: Violence in Families, Schools,
and Communities
Multiple Choice
C
1. Approximately how many Americans are victims of violent injuries
annually?
A. 10,000
B. 100,000
C. 2.2 million
D. 25 million
D
2. Approximately how many children are victims of child abuse annually
in the United States?
A. 10,000
B. 100,000
C. 500,000
D. one million
D
3. Children exposed to violence in the home tend to exhibit all but which
of the following characteristics?
A. lack interest in academic activities
B. manifest persistent behavior problems
C. have higher truancy and drop-out rates
D. earn higher grades
B
4. Children exposed to abuse in the home tend to exhibit all but which of
the following characteristics?
A. delayed language development
B. have good concentration spans
C. express feelings of powerlessness
D. short attention spans
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A 5. Healthy People 2000 established the goal of all but which of the
following?
A. reduce violence prevention programs
B. reduce weapon-related deaths
C. reduce homicides
D. reduce physical fighting among youth
B 6. The First Annual Report of School safety reported all but which of the
following?
A. homicides are rare on school property
B. schools are a dangerous place for children
C. presence of gangs in schools make students more vulnerable to
the risks of intentional injuries
D. most schools have some type of campus security measures
A 9. A national study showed that which of the following topics were most
likely to be taught in middle school relating to violence prevention?
A. effectively handle stress
B. practice skills for stress management
C. practice skills for non-violent conflict resolution
D. suicide prevention
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A 11. Presence of bruises, burns, and lacerations are most common
indications of
A. emotional abuse.
B. child neglect.
C. sexual abuse
D. physical abuse.
A 13. Research concludes that the average age for onset of sexual abuse is
A. six to eight years of age.
B. three years old.
C. the early teens.
D. shortly after the start of puberty.
134
17. Teachers should define three different types of touches in a sexual
B abuse prevention program. These are
A. long, short, and medium.
B. safe, unsafe, and secret.
C. open, closed, and safe.
D. hard, soft, and open.
19. The "Danger Will Robinson Game" is recommended for use in grades
D A. pre-school.
B. K-2.
C. 3-5.
D. 6-8.
True/False
False
1. It is estimated that approximately 10,00 American children are victims
of child abuse annually.
True
2. Violence involves attempts to inflict physical harm on others.
False
3. Intentional injury risk reduction is considered a public health priority
only in the eastern states.
True
4. Students exposed to violence tend to earn lower grades.
True
5. Students exposed to violence in the home exhibit poor concentration
and short attention spans.
True
135
6. Abuse of
student
s can True
cause
childre
n to be 7. Children often view violence as an effective means of gaining respect
cautiou and solving conflict.
s and
withdr 8. The media has been shown to be a positive influence regarding being a
awn. risk factor relating to violence for school-age children.
False 12. The presence of gangs in schools makes students more vulnerable to
the risks of intentional injuries.
True 13. Use of scare tactics have been shown to be effective in reducing
violence risk-reduction.
False
False True
False False
False
True 17. School violence risk reduction programs are most effective when
begun in middle-school.
136
18. Staff depictions of violence.
develo
pment 21. Children in grades K-2 should be taught critical thinking skills.
has
little 22. Physical abuse is one type of child neglect.
impact True
in
helping True
teacher
s to
manag True
e
disruptive False
student
s. True
False
137
26. The majority of perpetrators of sexual abuse are strangers to the child.
.
27. Social neglect is an example of child neglect.
23. Physical
abuse occurs 28. Because of the fear of false reporting states do not mandate that
more teachers report suspected cases of sexual abuse.
commonly
among 29. The principal agency responding to child abuse in most localities is the
younger Child Protective Services agency.
children.
30. Possible cases of sexual abuse should be reported to the Planned
24. Every state Parenthood Association local chapter.
has a law
mandating that 31. For most teachers reporting suspicions of abuse is a relatively easy
teachers report task.
suspected
cases of 32. Teachers should contact family members in cases of reported child
child abuse.
abuse.
33. Children should be taught that a touching problem is always an adults
25. Child fault.
neglect
is more 34. Children should be taught that a touching problem is always the
difficul childs fault.
t to
identif 35. Children should be taught about the concept of a problem.
y that
is 36. Unsafe touches are those that make a person feel uncomfortable.
physic
al 37. Correct anatomical terminology for body parts should not be used
abuse. when discussing sexual abuse with elementary school-age children.
38. Children should be taught that touching problems are best kept as
secrets.
Short Answer
3. What are several risk factors associated with child and adolescent
138
violence?
4. What are three school-based activities that have been shown to have
little potential for violence risk-reduction?
6. What are some of the indications of physical abuse that the classroom
teacher will likely notice?
9. What role does the child protective services agency play in assisting
children who have been reported as being abused?
10. What role does the school play in early identification of children who
have been abused?
11. How can a teacher become aware of possible sex abuse situations
among students in his/her classroom?
12. What should the teacher teach regarding the concept of secrets in a
sexual abuse prevention program?
13. What should the teacher teach regarding the concept of fault in a sexual abuse prevention
program?
14. What are curriculum material that can be used in grades 3-5 in teaching about intentional
injury risk reduction?
Essay
1. Identify and discuss several of the health goals for the nation, Healthy People 2000, relating to
reducing youth violence.
2. Discuss several of the findings reported in the First Annual Report of School Safety published
by the U. S. department of Education and Justice.
3. Discuss several factors that have shown to have promise in intentional injury risk-reduction
programs.
139
5. What measures can the classroom teacher take to teach sexual abuse prevention?
6. Identify behavioral warning signs that the teacher might observe to indicate a possible child
abuse situation.
7. What are five points that should be a part of sexual abuse prevention instruction curriculum
for elementary school-age children?
8. What measures can classroom teachers undertake to teach sexual abuse prevention?
9. Identify and discuss childrens literature that have an intentional injury risk reduction theme.
10. Identify and discuss an Internet website that related to intentional injury risk reduction.
140
CHAPTER 9
Alcohol and Other Drugs
Multiple Choice
C 4. The average age at which young people take their first drink of alcohol
is between
A. 5 and 7 years of age.
B. 8 and 10 years of age.
C. 12 and 13 years of age.
D. 16 and 18 years of age.
141
C 6. Most of the alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream in the
A. esophagus.
B. liver.
C. small intestines.
D. large intestines.
B 9. What affect does alcohol have on the heart rate and blood pressure?
A. decrease
B. increase
C. no effect
D. effect unknown
D 11. The liver can oxidize about how much alcohol per hour?
A. one ounce
B. one-quarter ounce
C. two ounces
D. one-half ounce
142
B 13. Alcohol provides
A. fatty calories.
B. empty calories.
C. non-fat calories.
D. complete, full calories.
A 15. Cocaine is an
A. addictive drug.
B. inhalant.
C. repressive drug.
D. type of marijuana.
B 16. What are some of the initial effects of the use of cocaine?
A. constricted pupils, elevated blood pressure, and increased heart
beat
B. dilated pupils, elevated blood pressure, and increased
respiratory rate
C. depressed blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart beat
D. elevated blood pressure, increased respiratory rate, and slower
heart beat
143
C 19. Household gases include
A. cyclohexy nitrite.
B. paint thinners and gasoline.
C. spray paint and hair spray
D. office supply solvents and degreasers
B 20. Bone marrow damage can result from inhaling which of the following
solvents?
A. whipping cream
B. gasoline
C. paint sprays
D. cleaning fluids
D 23. Which of the following is not a risk for adolescent drug abuse?
A. poor school performance
B. failing grades
C. boredom in school
D. interest in reading
C 24. Which students are likely to be at greater risk for drug abuse?
A. those who adhere to dominant values of society
B. those who have a religious affiliation
C. students with little commitment to school
D. students with positive relationships with parents
A 25. Which students are likely to be at greater risk for drug abuse?
A. those who rebel against authority
B. students with positive role models at school
C. those who have a positive religious affiliation
D. those who adhere to dominant values of society
144
D 26. What percent of alcoholics are children of alcoholics?
A. 5-10%
B. 25%
C. one-third
D. one out of every two
C 28. The Life Skills Training curriculum is designed for use with what
grades?
A. pre-school
B. early elementary school grades
C. middle-level grades
D. secondary school
True/False
False 1. On of the goals of the America 2000 calls for drug free schools in at
least fifty percent of the schools by the year 2000.
True 2. The highest rate of teenage substance abuse is found in the United
States.
True 7. The amount of alcohol in the blood is measured as the Blood Alcohol
Concentration.
True 8. The stronger the concentration of alcohol in the beverage the faster the
rate of absorption.
True 9. Heavier individuals can drink more alcohol than lighter persons and still
have the same BAC.
False 10. Most of the alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream from the large
intestines.
False 11. The more food in the stomach the faster the absorption rate of alcohol.
True 13. Half of all motor-vehicle deaths annually are related to alcohol use.
True 15. Alcohol constricts the arteries that supply the heart.
True 16. Alcohol provides empty calories and have no nutritional value.
False 20. Tobacco smoke contains more cancer-causing agents than marijuana
smoke.
146
False 24. The effects of crack cocaine will usually not be felt for five to ten
minutes.
False 25. The high from smoking cocaine generally lasts longer than from
snorting cocaine.
True 26. Preparation of free base involves the use of volatile solvents.
True 28. Hearing loss can result from inhaling paint sprays and glues.
True 29. Bone marrow damage can result from inhaling gasoline.
False 30. The use of scare tactics in drug education programs has been shown to
be an effective teaching strategy.
True 31. The "Just Say No" campaign is not developmentally appropriate for
many middle-level school age students.
False 32. The use of the "one-shot approach" to substance abuse education has
been shown to be very effective.
True 33. Antisocial behavior and hyperactivity during the primary school years
have been shown to be a risk for adolescent drug use.
True 34. Students who have poor school performance are more likely to become
involved in substance abuse than those who succeed in school.
True 35. Students who are not committed to education are more likely to
engage in drug use.
False 36. Students who rebel against authority are at reduced risk for substance
abuse.
False 37. Students who have strong values based upon religious teaching are at
greater risk for drug use.
True 38. Children who begin to use tobacco and alcohol before age fifteen are
twice as likely to develop problems with drugs than children who wait
until they are older.
True 39. There is a high correlation between alcoholism in the family and use of
drugs among adolescents.
147
True 40. Children are at increased risk for substance abuse when they move
from an elementary to a middle school.
False 41. Children who have parents who have low expectations for them have a
lessened chance of drug use.
False 42. Provision of drug free alternatives and activities for youth have shown
little impact on the increase in drug use.
False 43. The Life Skills Training program is designed for use in early
elementary school grades.
True 44. Project Northland is a curriculum that sets the norm that it is not cool
to drink.
True 45. The STAR program focuses primarily on the development of resistance
skills.
False 47. DARE has been shown to be very effective in reducing drug use
among elementary school age children.
True 48. In early elementary school the curriculum should emphasize that most
people do not use drugs.
False 49. In early elementary school encourage open and frank discussions of
concerns about drugs and drug use.
True 50. The National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information is a
governmental agency.
Short Answer
1. What does Goal 8 of the America 2000 agenda imply regarding the schools and substance
abuse?
2. What are the differences between ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol?
4. What are several factors that influence absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream?
148
6. What is a hangover?
15. Why are inhalants popular among upper elementary and middle-level school-age children?
17. What are some of the problems with using scare tactics in teaching drug prevention in the
schools?
18. What are some problems with the "just say no" initiative?
19. What are several predictors of adolescent drug use seen among children of the elementary
school age?
20. Explain the relationship between alcoholism and drug use among children and adolescents.
21. How do community laws and norms favor the increased likelihood of drug Use?
22. What are some alternative activities that the school could provide to counter the challenge of
drug use?
23. What are some actions that teachers can take to help students understand the problems
associated with the use of drugs?
24. What are several teaching strategies that can be implemented to teach about alcohol use and
abuse?
149
Essay
3. Trace the development of drug use and abuse education initiatives in the schools during the
past two to three decades.
4. Discuss several risk factors for adolescent drug use that is noted in the behavior of elementary
school-age children.
5. Identify some of the factors of family that seem to be risk factors for substance abuse among
adolescents.
6. Discuss several reasons why children will experiment with the use of drugs.
8. What are several factors that influence the Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)?
11. Identify some of the strategies used in advertising to attract young people to use alcoholic
beverages.
12. Explain some of the physiological effects of stimulants on the human body.
13. What are some of the basic features of the various drug abuse curriculums available for use
in elementary and middle-level schools?
14. Discuss developmentally appropriate activities for teaching drug prevention in early
elementary/ upper elementary/ middle school.
15. Have the students read an age appropriate piece of childrens literature relating concepts
about alcohol and/or drug abuse and discuss.
150
CHAPTER 10
Tobacco
Multiple Choice
151
D 6. What are the three principal methods of using tobacco?
A. chewing, smoking, and running
B. drinking, chewing, and snuff
C. absorbing, smoking, and chewing
D. chewing, smoking, and snuff
A 7. Smoking causes
A. bad breath.
B. strong breath.
C. sweet breath.
D. circular breath.
A 11. Holding a small amount of moist snuff between the lip or cheek and
gum and sucking is referred to as
A. dipping.
B. driving.
C. circling.
D. cutting.
D 12. Nicotine is a
A. non-addictive substance.
B. semi-addictive substance.
C. linear-addictive substance.
D. addictive substance.
152
D 13. Which of the following have been associated with the use of
smokeless tobacco?
A. oral cancer and cirrhosis
B. diabetes and receding gums
C. dental caries and hepatitis
D. oral cancer and receding gums
C 14. What is the most preventable cause of death and illness in the United
States?
A. jogging and aerobic exercise
B. colon cancer
C. cigarette smoking
D. neurological patches
A 15. The most popular way for adults to use tobacco is to smoke
A. cigarettes.
B. pipes.
C. cigars.
D. snuff.
153
A 20. An irreversible disease in which the alveoli are destroyed is
A. emphysema.
B. asthma.
C. carcinoma.
D. bronchitis.
C 21. There has been increased incidents of which of the following from
exposure of sidestream smoke?
A. ear infections, colds, and impetigo
B. hepatitis, glaucoma, and dental caries
C. asthma, colds, and ear infections
D. HIV/AIDS, colds, dental caries
C 25. The Life Skills Training Program is designed for students in what
grades?
A. K-2
B. 3-5
C. 6-7
D. secondary school
True/False
154
False 2. According to the federal government cigarette smoking is the number
three leading cause of death in the United States.
True 5. Vigor and sexual attraction are qualities often emphasized in cigarette
advertising.
False 9. Children with more positive self-images are most likely to begin using
tobacco.
True 11. Chewing tobacco is the least popular form of tobacco used by middle
school age children.
False 12. The percentage of tobacco users has decreased over the past three
decades.
True 13. Cigarette smokers are more likely to use other drugs.
True 14. The risk of getting lung cancer increases with the number of cigarettes
smoked per day.
True 16. The risk of lung cancer decreases when a person decides to quit
smoking.
True 17. Increased amount of asthma has been associated with sidestream
smoke.
True 18. Heart and lung diseases can be affected when one is exposed to
sidestream smoke.
155
True 19. Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke among nonsmokers reduces the
small airway function of the lungs.
True 20. Chewing tobacco is made from dried and shredded tobacco leaves.
False 25. Sidestream smoke has little effect upon the health of elementary
school-age children.
Short Answer
1. What do statistics show as to the extend and impact of smoking in the United States during the
past decade?
2. What are three major reasons given as to why children and pre-adolescents begin to smoke?
6. What are some of the common negative side effects of the use of smokeless tobacco?
8. What is often the effect on the gums and teeth of smokeless tobacco use?
11. What are some of the negative short-term consequences of using tobacco?
156
13. What are some of the aesthetic problems associated with long-term use of cigarettes?
16. What are some teaching strategies that the classroom teacher can use for teaching about
tobacco use in the elementary and/or middle-level school?
Essay
1. Discuss the differences between appropriate tobacco concepts to be taught between early and
upper elementary school years.
2. Identify and discuss appropriate tobacco concepts for middle-level school curriculum.
3. What are several conclusions in the Surgeon Generals report on Preventing Tobacco Use
Among Young People?
4. Why is it important to try to prevent elementary age children from using tobacco products?
8. Discuss the seven recommendations for school health programs to prevent tobacco use and
addiction as published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
9. Discuss measures that are taken to advertise tobacco products that are particularly attractive to
young people.
10. What are several activities that can be used to teach young people the knowledge, skills, and
attitudes to deter them from using tobacco products.
11. Identify several guidelines for teachers to follow when teaching tobacco prevention.
157
12. Discuss two middle-level tobacco prevention programs that CDC has concluded are effective
for reducing tobacco use.
158
CHAPTER 11
Nutrition Education
Multiple Choice
C 2. The average child spends how much time a week watching television?
A. five hours
B. ten hours
C. twenty-four hours
D. fifty hours
159
D 7. The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are established by the
A. National Institutes of Health.
B. Food and Drug Administration.
C. Department of Agriculture.
D. Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council.
D 13. The three groups of double sugars include all but which of the
following?
A. lactose
B. maltose
C. sucrose
D. prutose
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D 14. Which contain the most calories per grain?
A. proteins
B. carbohydrates
C. water
D. fats
C 17. The recommended amount of fats that adults should eat in their daily
diet is
A. fifty percent.
B. forty percent.
C. less than thirty percent.
D. no more than ten percent.
D 18. There is a strong association between high blood cholesterol levels and
A. asthma.
B. arthritis.
C. cirrhosis.
D. heart disease.
161
C 21. A stroke is a disruption of the flow of blood to the
A. lower extremities.
B. stomach an pancreas.
C. head and brain.
D. upper extremities.
162
C 28. How many milligrams per day do people need of trace elements
minerals?
A. more than 100
B. less than ten
C. less than one hundred
D. more than 200
B 31. How many daily servings should a person have from the fruit group?
A. 2-3 servings
B. 2-4 servings
C. 3-5 servings
D. 6-11 servings
D 32. How many daily servings should a person have from the bread, cereal,
rice, and pasta food group?
A. 2-3 servings
B. 2-4 servings
C. 3-5 servings
D. 6-11 servings
C 33. How many daily servings should a person have from the vegetable
group?
A. 2-3 servings
B. 2-4 servings
C. 3-5 servings
D. 6-11 servings
D 34. The Food Guide Pyramid has been prepared and distributed by the
A. Department of Food and Drug Administration.
B. National Institutes of Health.
C. Centers for Health and Disease Control.
D. Department of Agriculture.
163
C 35. Which nutrient helps to protect against the development of
osteoporosis?
A. zinc
B. lead
C. calcium
D. sodium
D 36. Which of the following is not one of the Dietary Guidelines for
Americans?
A. maintain a healthy weight
B. choose a diet low in cholesterol
C. choose a diet with many grain products
D. use a large amount of sugars
D 38. Children between the ages of 10 and 13 get almost one-third of their
sodium from
A. breakfast.
B. parties.
C. evening meal.
D. school lunches.
A 39. Research has shown that students who miss breakfast tend to
A. perform poorly on school tasks and suffer fatigue.
B. perform better on school tasks and to be more alert.
C. read better in the morning than in the afternoon.
D. be the better athletes in the class.
164
B
42. The Snack Stars and Snack Treks program has been developed by the
A. National Institute for Health.
B. National Dairy Council.
C. Federal Department of Agriculture.
D. Department of Health and Human Services.
D
43. Chef Combo is a nutrition education program designed for grades
A. 6-8
B. 3-5
C. K-2
D. preschool(ages 4-5)
C
44. Heartpower! is a nutrition education program developed and
distributed by the
A. American Cancer Society.
B. Department of Agriculture.
C. American Heart Association.
D. National Association of Nutrition Education.
True/False
True
1. Lack of physical activity is a risk factor for obesity among children.
True
2. Childhood obesity has been associated with lowering of self-esteem and
depression.
False
3. In the elementary school it is most common for the school nurse to be
providing the instruction about good nutrition.
True
4. The best guide for designing diets of children are the RDAs.
True
5. Double sugars are changed into simple sugars.
True
6. Simple sugars are quickly changed into energy.
True 7. Complex carbohydrates contain more nutrients than simple sugars.
165
True 11. Fats contain more calories per gram than proteins.
False 13. Polyunsaturated fats tend to increase the blood cholesterol levels.
False 15. High amounts of saturated fats have been linked with osteoporosis.
True 17. Cholesterol helps the body form hormones and cell membranes.
False
18. Most adults do not consume adequate amounts of cholesterol for
proper body functioning.
True
19. High blood pressure is caused by a buildup of cholesterol in the blood
vessels.
False
20. Cholesterol is found in all plant sources of food.
False
21. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is considered to be "good."
True
22. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol carries cholesterol away from
artery walls.
True
23. Proteins help build and repair tissue.
True
24. Vitamins are needed to transform foods into energy.
True
25. Vitamins are helpful in helping to resist infections.
False
26. Water-soluble vitamins can be stored and transported by the bodys fat
cells.
False
27. There are three different types of minerals.
False 28. Minerals are important in the provision of energy for human.
False 29. Trace elements are those minerals that people need more than 100
milligrams per day.
False 30. People can live longer without water than without food.
166
True 31. Water is useful in helping digestion and absorption in the human body.
True 32. Humans should consume at least forty-eight ounces of water a day.
False 33. Water should be rationed for children in warm weather conditions.
True 34. The Food Guide Pyramid is a good starting point for nutrition
education for elementary students.
False 35. Whole milk is recommended for middle-level school age children.
False 36. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that children
consume three servings daily of vegetables.
False 37. Children need at least four servings daily from the meat group.
False 38. According to the recommendation of the Food Guide Pyramid milk
and cheese should be used sparingly.
False 39. Osteoporosis tends to affect middle-aged males more than any other
population group.
False 41. Increasing the intake of coconut and palm oil will help to control
cholesterol.
False 44. Research has shown a high correlation between sugar intake and
hyperactivity in children.
47. Students who do not eat breakfast are more likely to perform poorly on
school tasks.
48. The Chef Combo nutrition education program is designed for use
among children in grades 1 to 6.
167
False 49. The Pyramid Explorations program is developed for use with pre-
school children.
False 50. The Fast Food Detective activity is best conducted using a teacher
lecture format.
Short Answer
1. Why is nutrition education important in the elementary and middle-level school years?
2. What are several factors that contribute to obesity among school age children?
3. What are the six major nutrients that are necessary for life among humans?
6. What is cholesterol?
11. What are functions carried out in the human body b water?
12. What are the five food groups that comprise the Food Guide Pyramid?
14. What do the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend regarding the use of alcoholic
beverages?
15. What is the relationship between calorie intake and outgo as it impacts weight?
17. What are the relationships between sodium intake and high blood pressure?
18. Are soft drinks a nutritional substance for school age children? Explain your answer.
168
19. What is the Chef Combos Fantastic Adventures in Tasting and Nutrition program?
20. How can the school lunch program be used as an educational experience for elementary and
middle-level school children?
Essay
1. Compare nutrition concepts that are appropriate between grades K-2 and Grades 3-5.
5. Explain the differences between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein
(LDL).
8. Explain the factors associated with the U. S. Department of Agriculture Food Guide Pyramid.
10. Discuss why breakfast is an important meal for elementary and middle-level school age
children.
11. Explain why nutritional problems among children are often common in poverty.
12. What are some teaching strategies that are effective for use in elementary and/or middle-level
school nutrition classes?
13. Identify several Internet websites that provide useful information about nutrition to teachers.
169
170
CHAPTER 12
Physical Activity
Multiple Choice
B 5. The elements of physical fitness include all but which of the following?
A. flexibility
B. nutrition
C. cardiorespiratory endurance
D. muscular strength
171
A 6. Children in grades K-2 should be exposed to
A. lifestyle activities.
B. discouraged from participation in aerobic activities.
C. highly competitive athletic activities.
D. activities that build muscular strength and endurance.
172
D 12. Level 3 of the Physical Activity Pyramid includes which of the
following categories?
A. rest and inactivity and flexibility exercises
B. strength and muscular endurance exercises and rest and
inactivity
C. active aerobics and active sports and recreational activities
D. flexibility exercises and strength and muscular endurance
exercises
B 14. Physical activity programs for young people are more likely to be
effective when they
A. emphasize team sports.
B. emphasize enjoyable participation.
C. are taught by coaches.
D. are conducted in the gymnasium.
C 15. Research has indicated that most elementary school children are
A. exposed to a daily planned period of fitness-related instruction.
B. permitted to participate in team sports beginning about grade 3.
C. not exposed to a daily planned period of fitness-related
instruction
D. exposed to a bi-weekly planned period of fitness
related instruction.
D 16. Recess
A. should be used as a substitute for planned physical education
class in elementary school.
B. has little value to elementary school-age children.
C. should only be available for children who have completed their
class work.
D. should not be used as a substitute for the planned physical
education class in elementary school.
173
A 17. Classroom teachers who are expected to teach physical education
activities tend to
A. emphasize game type activities.
B. emphasize health-related fitness.
C. emphasize health promotion activities.
D. emphasize motor skill development.
True/False
True 8. The attention span of children is shorter than that of adolescents and
adults.
False 9. Young children tend to be more abstract thinkers than are adults.
True 10. Skills used in adult leisure activities often are learned during the
school-age years.
False 13. Young people who have active parents tend to not be as active
physically as their counterparts.
False 14. The greatest portion of physical activities for children in grades K-2
should be team activities
False 15. Children in grades K-2 have a strong need to participate in formal
flexibility exercises.
False 18. Children in grades 3-5 have a need for formal flexibility exercises.
False 19. The school should reinforce long periods of inactivity in grades 3-5.
False 21. The base of the Physical Activity Pyramid is active aerobics category.
True 22. The active aerobics category includes those activities that can be done
for long periods of time without stopping.
False 23. The rest and inactivity category of the Physical Activity Pyramid
includes four kinds of practices.
175
False 24. Participation in water skiing is an activity in the lifestyle activities
level of the Physical Activity Pyramid
True 25. Research has shown that girls are less physically active than boys.
False 26. Research indicates that most elementary school children are exposed
to a daily planned period of fitness-related instruction and activity.
False 27. The recess period should be considered an adequate substitute for the
planned physical education class.
True 30. Fitness activities can enrich classroom practice by providing gross
motor reinforcement of academic concepts.
True 31. Physical activity can be promoted through the various elements of the
coordinated school health program.
False 32. Changing Speeds is a recommended activity for use in grades 3-5.
True 33. Students can be taught the correct technique for taking their carotid
pulse in grades 3-5.
True 34. Childrens literature can be an effective tool to use in physical fitness
instruction in the elementary and middle-level school.
False 35. There are no Internet web sites of value for use in teaching physical
activity in elementary schools.
Short Answer
3. In curriculum planning what is the significance of the fact that children tend to be concrete
thinkers?
4. What are several types of physical activity that tend to be developmentally appropriate for
early elementary (K-2)/ upper elementary (3-5), or middle school (6-8) years?
176
5. What are elements that comprise cardiorespiratory endurance?
10. What are the three levels of the Physical Activity Pyramid?
11. What are key principles that suggest that physical activity programs for elementary school
children are effective?
12. What are several activities that can be used in grades K-2?
Essay
1. Discuss the association of physical activity with academic performance and achievement.
2. In what ways are physical patterns in adult years impacted during ones youth?
3. Explain the five types of physical activities that comprise the Physical Activity Pyramid.
4. Should physical fitness be taught in the elementary school by classroom teachers or physical
education specialists? Defend your answer.
5. What is the relationship of recess to physical education in the elementary and middle-level
school years?
7. Evaluate information that is found on Internet web sites that relate to physical fitness.
9. Discuss several factors that parents can be encouraged to use in promoting physical activity in
children.
10. Develop an outline for classroom use in which a piece of childrens literature can be used in
support of physical activity in the elementary and/or middle-level school curriculum.
177
178
CHAPTER 13
Sexuality Education
Multiple Choice
A 2. People begin to form ideas about their bodies, their gender identity and
their feelings about sexuality at
A. a young age.
B. about the fifth grade.
C. the beginning of middle-school.
D. the start of second grade.
179
B 7. Information about human sexuality should be presented to primary
children in
A. an abstract manner.
B. a concrete way.
C. a correctional manner.
D. an absolute manner.
180
C 12. Today there are many single-parent families because of all but which
one of the following?
A. the high divorce rate
B. teenage pregnancy
C. school sexuality education programs
D. homosexuals who are raising children
D 13. What is the male cell that unites with a female egg to form a fertilized
egg?
A. hormonal cell
B. egg
C. liver
D. sperm
B 15. When a male becomes sexually excited, the erectile tissue in the penis
becomes filled with
A. perspiration.
B. blood.
C. dioxin.
D. nervous tissue.
181
A 18. The urethra allows
A. both urine and semen to leave the body.
B. the egg to go into the uterus.
C. the uterus to contract slowly.
D. uterus to expand during intercourse.
A 19. When the female gets sexually excited the clitoris becomes
A. engorged with blood and enlarges.
B. wet with sweat and slippery.
C. engorged with nerve endings and is reduced in size.
D. hard and cold.
A 20. What are folds of skin that protect the female genitals from germs
entering the body?
A. labia
B. hymen
C. uterus
D. clitoria
D 21. The vagina serves all of the following functions except which one?
A. receives the penis during intercourse
B. opening for the menstrual flow to exit the body
C. serves as the birth canal
D. opening for the neural fibers to exit the body
B 22. After an egg is released from the ovary it travels through the
A. testes.
B. fallopian tubes.
C. labia.
D. vas deferens.
B 24. In females the presence of the secondary sex characteristics result due
to the release of
A. testosterone.
B. estrogen.
C. semen.
D. blood in menstruation.
182
B 25. In males the presence of the secondary sex characteristics result due to
the release of
A. semen.
B. testosterone.
C. estrogen.
D. nocturnal emissions.
D 27. What is the age at which about half of all boys and girls reach puberty?
A. six
B. eight
C. ten
D. thirteen
C 31. Teaching activities about which of the following is not appropriate for
sexuality education in the elementary and middle-level schools?
A. importance of friendships
B. difference in sizes and shapes
C. reproductive techniques
D. differences between males and females
183
184
B
32. In teaching sexuality education teachers should teach
A. whatever they are comfortable with.
B. only topics approved as part of their graded course of study.
C. using hand-made drawing of the reproductive system.
D. only what they are familiar with about the topic.
C
33. Research has shown that abstinence-only sexuality education programs
result
A. in delayed sexual activity.
B. in sympathy with the concept of diversity of families in the
nation.
C. in not delaying the beginning of sexual activity.
D. better understanding of the different types of sexual problems
found among young people.
True/False
True
1. Since the mid-1900s there has been an increase in sexual activity among
school-age young people.
True
2. The United states has more than double the teenage pregnancy rate of
any other western country.
False
3. A majority of states mandate teaching human sexuality in the
elementary school curriculum.
True
4. Research indicates that sex education begun before youth are sexually
active helps young people stay abstinent.
False
5. A majority of parents are opposed to teaching human sexuality in the
schools.
False
6. Most elementary and middle-level classroom teachers have adequate
preparation for teaching human sexuality in their college preparation.
True 7. Sexuality education should be a planned, intentional, and specific
program of instruction.
True 9. Skill based programs can delay the onset of sexual intercourse.
True
10. Sexuality education should take place at home.
False
11. The mass media is effective in supplementing the sexuality education
of the school.
False
12. Research has shown that most parents are comfortable in talking with
their children about sex.
False
13. Proper naming of body parts should not be included in early
elementary teaching.
True
14. Learning how babies are made and born should be a part of the early
elementary sexuality education program.
True
15. Instruction regarding peer refusal skills and healthy decision making is
most appropriate included in grades 3-5.
True
16. Information about hormonal changes and sperm production is
appropriate for middle-level students.
False
17. Discussion about sexual desire is appropriate for discussion at the
primary school level.
True
18. When children begin school at the kindergarten age they tend to be
very self-centered.
False
19. Increased mobility has been a contributing factor to the improved
family structure in the past decade.
False
20. Students should be taught in school that the sex roles within their
families need to be changed.
False
21. Instruction about masturbation should be included in the primary
grades curriculum.
False
22. Students should not be taught about homosexuality in elementary
grades.
False
23. Children should be taught to be careful around individuals who are
homosexual.
False
24. Members of a family must be blood-related.
True
25. The increase in divorce has contributed to the increase in single-parent
families.
True 26. The tube like organ used for urination and sexual intercourse is the
penis.
False 27. The major internal organ of the male reproductive system is the penis.
True 30. More than 500 million sperm a day are produced by most males.
True 31. The external part of the female sex organs is the vulva.
True 33. A fertilized egg travels to the uterus through the fallopian tubes.
False 34. Females manufacture egg cells starting about the age of ten.
True 37. Puberty is a long process that includes many physical changes.
True 38. Shifts in hormones can trigger feelings of anxiety and frustration.
False 40. The middle-level classroom teacher should understand every detail in
the menstrual cycle in order to answer students questions.
True 41. An egg that does not meet sperm while in the fallopian tube
disintegrates.
False 43. Boys should not be told about wet dreams at school because of the
secret nature of this event.
True 44. Parents should be permitted to provide input into the development of a
school district sexuality education curriculum.
False 45. In establishing a sexuality education program age-appropriate
behavioral goals should be used.
True 48. Teachers should encourage proper terminology about the reproductive
organs in the classroom.
True 49. Teachers should only teach topics in sexuality education that have
been approved as part of their graded curse of study by the board of
education.
True 50. www.siecus.org is a website that teachers can use to obtain useful
information in sexuality education.
Short Answer
2. What are some messages that young children receive from their parents relating to human
sexuality?
3. Separating boys and girls from discussions about human sexuality sends what types of
messages to the students?
4. What are several key concepts that should be included in school sexuality education in early
elementary (K-2)?
5. What are key concepts to include in school sexuality education in middle/junior high school
(6-8)?
6. What should be the relationship between parents and the school in presenting a sexuality
education program?
7. What are some appropriate sexuality topics for inclusion in the early elementary curriculum?
8. What are appropriate sexuality topics for inclusion in the middle-level school sexuality
education program?
14. How can teachers help to eliminate sex role stereotyping in their classrooms?
17. What are some of the physiological changes that occur among females during puberty?
18. What are some physiological changes that occur among males during puberty?
19. What are some emotional changes that occur during puberty?
20. What are some of the questions that children are likely to ask about human sexuality?
21. What are answers that you would provide to questions that children ask about human
sexuality?
22. How would you explain to an elementary child how a baby gets into the mothers body?
24. What strategies would you use in teaching the importance of different sizes among people?
25. What are topics that you would not include in sexuality education instruction in the
elementary and/or middle-level school?
Essay
1. Discuss the problems associated with terminology of sex education, sexuality education, family
life education, and/or human sexuality.
2. Discuss some of the reasons for inclusion of sexuality education in the elementary and middle
level school curriculum.
3. In what ways do students receive distorted views of sexuality from the mass media?
4. What are concepts that should be included about homosexuality in the school sexuality
education curriculum?
5. Identify what part discussion and information about relationships can be a part of the sexuality
education curriculum.
6. Identify and discuss the various types of family structures that are present in the schools today.
7. Explain in detail the differences in the anatomical and physiological structures of the male and
female reproductive systems.
8. Identify changes that classroom teachers may observe during puberty in males and females.
9. Identify guidelines for schools for teaching sexuality education in the elementary and middle
level school.
10. Identify guidelines for teachers for teaching sexuality education in the elementary and middle
level school.
12. Why does teaching about friends belong as part of the instruction in sexuality education?
13. What would you do if a student asked you questions regarding his/her sexual orientation?
CHAPTER 14
HIV and AIDS Prevention and Education
Multiple Choice
D 2. AIDS is caused by a
A. bacterium.
B. protozoan.
C. non-identified microorganism.
D. virus.
B 4. It is estimated that for every AIDS case there are how many HIV
infected individuals in the United States?
A. ten
B. one hundred
C. fifty
D. one thousand
B 7. The chances that an infected mother of HIV will transmit the virus to
her unborn child is about what percent?
A. five
B. 20 to 30
C. fifty
D. one hundred percent
C 11. School staff education and inservice training concerning issues of HIV
infection should be conducted
A. on a monthly basis.
B. every third year.
C. at least annually.
D. individually on a person to person basis.
C 12. Which is the best measure to present HIV/ADS education into the
school curriculum in the elementary school?
A. develop separate classes on the topic.
B. integrate this instruction with the fine arts program.
C. integrate this instruction with the health units.
D. develop units to be taught by physicians and law enforcement
officers, when available.
A 13. In the early elementary grades all but which of the following
objectives should be presented?
A. AIDS is very easy to get.
B. AIDS is a disease that causes people to get sick.
C. You cannot get AIDS by touching someone with your hands.
D. AIDS does not commonly affect children.
D 15. In the middle-level grades all but which of the following objectives
should be presented?
A. viruses are small living organisms
B. HIV can be transmitted by sexual contact
C. HIV cannot be transmitted by touching someone who is infected
with the virus
D. people with HIV live only about one year after the
diagnosis of the presence of the virus
D 16. At what grade level should children be taught that HIV is a bacterium?
A. early elementary (K-2)
B. upper elementary (3-5)
C. middle level (6-8)
D. none of the above (HIV is a virus, not a bacterium)
C 17. At what grade level should children be taught that abstinence from
risky sexual activity is an effective way to prevent HIV infection?
A. early elementary (K-2)
B. upper elementary (3-5)
C. middle level (6-8)
D. none of the above
C 18. At what grade level should children be taught the use of condoms can
help reduce the spread of HIV?
A. early elementary (K-2)
B. upper elementary (3-5
C. middle level (6-8)
D. none of the above
C 23. If a child with AIDS has open sores or skin eruptions he/she should
A. be given a special diet.
B. be permitted to attend school, but not participate in physical
education.
C. not be permitted to attend school.
D. be told to wash their skin every half hour.
D 24. According to CDC data there have been
A. only three reported cases of the spread of AIDS at school.
B. nine reported cases of AIDS spread by casual contact at school.
C. two cases of AIDS spread in the elementary school and eighteen
in high school.
D. no reported cases of AIDS being contracted in the school
setting.
True/False
6. There is research evidence that infected women with HIV can pass the
True
infection to their newborn infants.
False 12. There is a reduced likelihood that children in elementary school will
know people with AIDS now than was the case ten years ago.
True 13. Attitudes and behaviors relating to sexual activity begin in the
elementary school years.
False 14. HIV/AIDS instruction can be integrated into material in the health
curriculum on the topic of chronic diseases.
True 15. Early elementary school age children should be taught that AIDS is
very hard to get.
True 16. Early elementary school age children should be taught that AIDS
cannot be transmitted by being near someone with it.
False 19. Viruses are large microorganisms that are easily seen under the
microscope.
True 20. Every school district should have a written policy for handling blood
and body fluids.
False 21. Children with AIDS should never be permitted to attend school in a
regular classroom setting.
False 22. Children with AIDS should only be permitted in school after the age of
fifteen.
True 23. Children with AIDS should be allowed in school as long as they
behave acceptably.
False 24. Commercial HIV/AIDS curricula programs are not recommended for
use in elementary schools.
False 25. Children in early elementary grades should be taught that condoms can
help reduce the spread of HIV.
Short Answer
2. What is the significance of using the term HIV infection rather than
AIDS?
6. What are some reasons for providing instruction about HIV/AIDS in the
elementary and middle-level schools?
7. How can HIV/AIDS instruction be integrated into material on the subject of mental health?
9. Why are HIV infected children living longer and healthier lives today than a decade ago?
10. What kinds of learning experiences for school staff should be provided when confronted with
an HIV infected student in the school?
11. Should information about a students HIV status be included in the school educational
record? Why or why not?
12. What are samples of teaching activities that early elementary school age children can be
given that relate to instruction about HIV/AIDS?
13. Why should precautions about touching and handling blood be taught in the elementary
school?
14. What are some of the teaching activities that the classroom teacher in the upper elementary
HIV/AIDS instruction?
15. What are some things that should be included in a written school policy regarding handling
of blood at school ( such as in the case o a bloody nose)?
Essay
1. Discuss some of the myths and misconceptions that people have had about how HIV is spread.
2. Develop a rationale why teaching about HIV/AIDS should be pat of the elementary and
middle-level school curriculum.
3. What are some measures that can be used for incorporating the HIV/AIDS instruction in the
elementary and middle-level school health program?
7. Discuss several examples of childrens literature which have HIV/AIDS related themes.
8. Identify several provisions of the CDC Guidelines for admittance to school of children with
AIDS.
9. What are several Internet sources that information can be obtained for classroom teachers
about the subject of HIV/AIDS?
10. Design an outline for a teacher inservice program regarding prevention of HIV/AIDS.
CHAPTER 15
Emotional Health
Multiple Choice
C 1. Change in self-esteem
A. is easy to accomplish.
B. rarely occurs after the fifth grade.
C. takes place slowly, over a long period of time.
D. takes place slowly, in about ten to fifteen weeks.
D 4. Self-esteem has been categorized by Reynold Bean into all but which of
the following?
A. sense of uniqueness
B. sense of model
C. sense of power
D. sense of correctness
D 12. The graffiti wall and journal writing helps improve the sense of
A. power.
B. models.
C. rightness.
D. uniqueness.
D 13. Class contracts and class jobs are classroom activities that contribute
to the development of the sense of
A. models.
B. uniqueness.
C. connectiveness.
D. power.
A 14. Letting students make low level decisions in the class is a way to
develop a sense of
A. power.
B. models.
C. uniqueness.
D. connectiveness.
True
1. Emotional health is the ability to express emotions comfortably and
appropriately.
True 2. Self-esteem is an aspect of emotional health.
True 9. Children with a high sense of connectiveness feel that they are a part of
something.
False 10. Children with a high sense of power identify with a group of people.
True 12. Clustering is a fast way to get students to interact with one another.
False 13. Boundary breaking activities involves students working alone in the
classroom.
False 14. The IALAC activity encourages students to understand the importance
of working separately within the class day.
False 15. Children with a high sense of uniqueness feel that there is nothing
special about them.
False 16. Cooperative learning is a way to help develop the sense of model.
False 17. Children with a high sense of uniqueness feel little respect for
themselves.
True 18. Children with a high sense of uniqueness are able to express
themselves in a unique way.
False 20. Teachers have little impact on the sense of uniqueness of children.
False 21. Children should not be permitted to brag about themselves while at
school.
True 22. Children with a high sense of power are able to use the skills they have
in situations designed for them.
True 23. Children with a high sense of power feel confident they can make
decisions in order to solve their problems.
True 24. Children with a high sense of models know people they feel are
worthy of being emulated.
True 25. Children with a high sense of models know how to go about learning
what they need to know.
True 26. Goal setting for elementary age children should be on a short term
daily basis.
Short Answer
1. What is self-esteem?
4. What are several questions that teachers need to ask about themselves in analyzing their role
in impacting the self-esteem of students?
5. What are several kinds of icebreaker activities that the elementary and middle-level teacher
can use?
6. In what way does cooperative learning help develop the sense of connection?
11. Why do class contracts contribute to the development of the sense of power?
12. How do class meetings play a role in the development of the sense of power?
14. How can teachers have an impact upon the development of the sense of models?
15. How does the use of guest speakers impact the sense of models?
Essay
1. Identify some of the activities that can be incorporated into the school program which helps to
enhance student self-esteem.
2. Discuss some of the activities that occur in school which have an impact on childrens sense of
connectiveness.
3. What are some of the characteristics of children with a high sense of uniqueness?
7. How does the sense of power and the sense of models differ?
8. Provide an example of childrens literature that could be used to teach about self-esteem.
CHAPTER 16
Death and Dying
Multiple Choice
D 2. The classic study by Nagy concluded that childrens ideas about death
developed in how many age-related stages?
A. six
B. five
C. four
D. three
B 6. For which type of death is grief usually more emotional and longer?
A. low-grief death
B. high-grief death
C. moderate-grief death
D. parallel-grief death
A 7. Stage one of the grieving process involves
A. denial, shock, and disbelief.
B. despair, numbness, and apathy.
C. recovery and resolution.
D. sadness, numbness, and anger.
B 8. How long does stage one of the grieving process usually last?
A. two to three days
B. up to two weeks after the death
C. one to two months
D. four to fix months
C 11. The first emotion that individuals experience when told they have a
terminal illness is
A. depression.
B. bargaining.
C. denial.
D. anger.
C 12. What stage of the dying process is usually most difficult for the
relatives to cope with?
A. bargaining
B. denial
C. anger
D. depression
True
True 5. Children between the ages of three to five tend to not understand the
finality of death.
True 6. Children between the age of three to five usually do not show signs of
grief over the death of a relative or friend.
True 8. Grief is the psychological and sometimes physical response to the death
of a friend or relative.
True 10. Stage two of the grieving process involves despair, numbness, and
apathy.
True 11. Stage one of the grieving process usually lasts up to two weeks after
the death.
False 13. Sadness is rarely seen among individuals experiencing stage three of
the grieving process.
True 14. Children are likely to express their grief in the form of anger.
True 15. Children tend to idealize the dead person by describing that individual
in terms of perfection and excellence.
True 16. The three stages of grief can occur during divorce or separation within
a family.
17. Denial is never a healthy process for the person who is dying.
18. Generally the emotion of anger is easy to deal with in the case of a
terminally ill individual.
24. Euthanasia and mercy killing are important topics for discussion in the
primary schools.
26. When a child from the classroom dies, the students should be kept on a
regular schedule.
28. Children should be allowed to express their grief and sadness at school
over the death of a classmate.
29. The teacher should never touch a child who is experiencing grief over
the death of a friend or relative.
30. Teachers should refrain from using the words "dead" or "death" in
classroom discussion.
1. Give examples of how euphemistic language is used by parents in speaking about death with
elementary and middle-level school-age children.
2. How can teaching about dying, death, and grief help students to deal with their feelings when
a loved one dies?
3. What are some characteristics unique to children in stage one of the developmental stages of
understanding death regarding death?
4. In what ways are the developmental stages of understanding death different between stages
two and three?
5. List and explain briefly the five stages of the dying process?
7. What can children be encouraged to do to help a dying person at each stage of the dying
process?
8. Why is teaching about death and dying important in the elementary curriculum?
9. What are several guidelines for teaching about death and dying with elementary and middle
level school-age children?
10. What are several guidelines for teaching death and dying in the elementary and middle-level
school that you would feel are important?
11. How can the death of a pet be used for teaching concepts about death and dying?
12. How can the Memory Book activity be used in the elementary grades?
13. How can the concept of Life Cycle be used in middle-level grades to teach about death and
dying?
Essay
1. Why should death, dying, and grief be included as part of instruction in the elementary and
middle-school health education curriculum?
4. Explain the differences between stages one, two, and three of the grieving process.
5. Explain the differences between each of the five stages of the dying process.
6. Explain several guidelines to consider when teaching about dying, death and grief.
7. What can the classroom teacher do to assist students at the time of a death of a class member?
8. What are some activities that the classroom teacher can institute in teaching about death and
dying?
9. What are controversial issues that possibly should not be included in elementary and middle
level class discussion about death and dying?
10. What role can childrens literature play in teaching children about death, dying, and grief?
CHAPTER 17
Personal Health: A Matter of Concern to All
Multiple Choice
C 8. Eczema is
A. caused by a virus.
B. similar to HIV/AIDS virus.
C. noncontagious.
D. contagious.
C 18. Nails originate from the live roots within which layer of skin?
A. dermis
B. myodermis
C. epidermis
D. circular dermis
D 20. Which glands are located in the ear canal and secrete earwax?
A. neck glands
B. sebaceous glands
C. sweat glands
D. ceruminous glands
D 21. The receptors for sensations of touch are located in
A. the brain.
B. the abdominal cavity.
C. the ear and nose.
D. the skin.
C 25. The part of the tooth visible above the gums is the
A. root.
B. optic nerve.
C. crown.
D. dentin.
C 29. The dental hygienist perform all of the following except which one?
A. x-rays the teeth
B. applies topical fluorides
C. applies braces to the teeth
D. cleans the plaque from the teeth
A 30. Most children of elementary and middle-school level age that have
diabetes have
A. immune-medicated diabetes.
B. Class C diabetes.
C. Type II diabetes.
D. metabolic class regression diabetes.
D 37. Which voluntary health agency has been active in providing programs
for families and children with asthma?
A. American Red Cross
B. American School Health Association
C. American Diabetic Association
D. American Lung Association
B 45. Families that are living in homes that might be at risk for childhood
lead poisoning should have the homes
A. burned down to prevent lead poisoning.
B. tested for lead paint.
C. repainted to cover up the lead paint.
D. sprayed with asbestos to reduce the problem associated with
lead.
True/False
False 3. The thinnest of skin structures can be found on the palms of the hands.
True 7. Antihistamines are often prescribed to help relieve the pain and itching
of contact dermatitis.
False 8. Boils and carbuncles result from nits on the hair follicle.
False 13. Head lice are usually transmitted through sexual contact.
True 14. Head lice is a major cause of school absenteeism among elementary
school children.
False 16. A pediculicide is a medicated shampoo that will kill larvae that cause
acne.
True 17. The most effective way to prevent the development of lice is to
maintain body and hair cleanliness.
False 19. Research indicates that acne is caused by greasy foods and chocolate.
False 20. The basic emergency care procedure for burns involves immersing the
burned part of the skin in warm water.
True 21. A reddening of the skin caused by burning is a first degree burn.
True 22. A third degree burn is more dangerous than a first degree burn.
False 23. Frostbitten parts of the body should immediately be immersed in hot
water.
True 25. Nutritional deficiencies have been shown to cause split nails.
False 26. A nail that appears pinkish indicates cardiovascular problems.
True 27. Sweat glands secrete perspiration onto the surface of the skin.
False 28. The ceruminous glands are located in the nasal cavity.
False 30. The receptors for sound are located in the optic nerve.
True 31. The receptors for the sensation of sweetness are located at the tip of
the tongue.
False 32. By the time a child is two years of age all of the secondary teeth
should have erupted through the skin.
True 37. Eating foods with high sugar content contributes to the development of
tooth decay.
False 40. Dental hygienists are trained to put braces on the teeth.
False 42. Usually children who are diabetic need to have restrictions on the
amount and kind of exercise they take part in while at school
True 43. Most children with diabetes need to be given insulin at least twice a
day.
False 45. Self-monitoring of the blood glucose level involves taking a blood
sample from the abdominal muscles.
False 46. Epilepsy is a communicable disease.
False 47. During a seizure the individual should be held down to protect against
injury.
False 53. There are medications that can be given to cure asthma.
False 57. The American Red Cross has been active in programming to help
children with asthma.
False 58. In recent years the level o lead in the environment has been increased.
False 59. Today leaded gasoline can be purchased in about one-fourth of the
cities.
True 61. Lead tends to accumulate in the bones of the human body.
True 63. Reading disabilities have been associated with increased levels of lead
exposure.
False 64. Hyperactivity has been associated with a reduction in lead exposure.
True 65. The Safe Drinking water Act requires that bans be placed on materials
containing lead in drinking water plumbing.
Short Answer
14. Where are the receptors for the sensations of taste located on the tongue?
16. What is the recommendation of the national health objectives for the nation regarding dental
health?
19. Identify three different ways that fluoride is used to protect against tooth decay.
25. Generally can an epileptic participate in physical activities while at school? Explain your
response.
28. What are early warning signals that an asthmatic attack is about to occur?
29. What measures can the classroom teacher take to help a student having an asthmatic attack?
33. Why are young children particularly at risk for lead poisoning?
Essay
3. Discuss how head lice differs from body lice and pubic lice.
4. What measures can be taken to reduce the problems associated with acne?
5. Discuss various emergency care measures that need to be understood in the case of burn to the
skin.
6. Discuss various emergency care measures that should be taken to help an individual with
frostbite.
7. What are some activities that the teacher can present to teach about the senses?
9. Identify reasons why malocclusion is a particular concern for elementary school-age children.
10. What measures can be taken to protect against dental caries and disease of the teeth?
11. What are some learning activities that the teacher can present to teach about dental health?
14. Discuss measures that the school needs to take to help an asthmatic student.
16. Explain the effects of exposure of lead upon pregnant women and the fetus.