Professional Documents
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Jurisprudence Habitual Absenteeism
Jurisprudence Habitual Absenteeism
Supreme Court
Manila
EN BANC
PUNO, C.J.,
QUISUMBING,
YNARES-SANTIAGO,
CARPIO,
AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ,
CORONA,
CARPIO MORALES,
AZCUNA,*
TINGA,**
CHICO-NAZARIO,
VELASCO, JR.,
NACHURA,
REYES,
LEONARDO-DE CASTRO, and
BRION, JJ.
Promulgated:
August 6, 2008
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RESOLUTION
The Antecedents
On April 3, 2008, Atty. Eden Candelaria, Deputy Clerk of Court and Chief
Administrative Officer, OAS, submitted a report and recommendation dated April
1, 2008:
A. HABITUAL ABSENTEEISM
Ms. Hernaezs Leave Card shows that for the month of September 2007,
out of ten (10) leave applications, three (3) days were disapproved covering the
period September 17-19, 2007. For November 2007, out of six (6) leave
applications, five (5) days were disapproved. For December 2007, she did not
report for work, and her subsequent sick leave applications were disapproved for
that month, which totaled 17.624 days.
Once the leave application is recorded in the leave card of the personnel
concerned, the Leave Division, this Office is under no obligation to retain long
duration leave applications that have been acted upon, this is to prevent
congestion of unnecessary papers which clog office space/s. Ms. Hernaezs leave
application for the month of September is no longer available as her application
had already been reflected in the leave card. Among the leave applications that are
still with the Office of Administrative Services are that of November, December
2007, and January 2008, and it shows the following actions taken by the
concerned immediate supervisor:
Ms. Hernaez filed a Sick Leave Application dated January 16, 2008 for
absences on December 17-21, 26-28, January 7-11, 14 (14 days) with a Medical
Certificate datedJanuary 5, 2008, advising medication and rest for 9 days due to
Benign Positional Persistent Vertigo. The wordings of the action taken
where: Disapproved, no medical certificate for the period 17-21; 26-28,
2007. For the period January 7-11, 14, 2008, same medical certificate
conveniently issued on December 5, 2007.
The Special Leave Application dated January 16, 2008 for absences on
January 2, 3 & 4, 2008 (3 days) was belatedly filed. The wordings of the action
taken where:disapproved, application of a scheme to circumvent leave law.
It appears from Ms. Hernaezs record that sick leave applications have been
abused and overused even prior to the report of the Leave division, this
Office. The approving authority of leave applications within OAS is duty bound
to verify and satisfy for herself the veracity of sick leave applications. This is in
accord with No. 2 of Supreme Court Administrative Circular No. 14-2002
dated March 18, 2002, to wit:
Ms. Hernaez submitted a Medical Certificate showing that she has a benign
postural persistent vertigo. This is actually treatable with the appropriate
repositioning maneuver of the head/eyes from left to right to prevent/reduce
dizziness that transpired in a given time. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
(BPPV is based on the patients history and eye movements evoked during
positional tests. x x x Once the involved canal is identified, BPPV may be
effectively treated with a physical maneuver. The maneuvers may be performed by
a clinician or by patients themselves.
The rest periods can have a maximum of three (3) days, the eight (8) and nine (9)
days rest period issued to Ms. Hernaez is highly questionable and no treatment
whatsoever was carried out. Moreover, her leave of absence has exceeded the
advised rest periods. A special privilege leave was applied subsequent thereto,
which was also disapproved.
Ms. Hernaez incurred unauthorized absences exceeding the allowable 2.5 days
monthly leave credit under the leave law for at least three (3) months in a
semester, that is, for the month of September, November and December 2007. She
even subsequently incurred nine (9) days [January 2-4, 7-11, 14] unauthorized
absences for January, 2008.
On the other hand, her prior unauthorized absences for the month of February [15
days], March [8 days] and June [2 days] 2007, though short of the number of days
for the month of June to qualify for habitual absenteeism, can still be sanctioned
pursuant to Administrative Circular No. 14-2002 dated March 18, 2002, which
under the whereas clause provides:
Moreover, in a Memorandum dated February 22, 2008, this Office inquired from
Dr. Prudencio P. Banzon, Jr., SC Senior Chief Staff Officer of the Medical and
Dental Services on whether Ms. Hernaez submitted herself for medical
examination in the months of January or February, 2008 and the results thereof if
such was the case. Said OAS Memorandum was received by the Medical and
Dental Services on February 26, 2008 and in response, Dr. Banzon sent a
Memorandum dated March 5, 2008 stating among others as follows:
The penalty for Conduct prejudicial to the best interest of the service is similar to
the penalty imposed for habitual absenteeism, to wit:
Considering that there are two (2) violations which we find to have been
committed by Ms. Hernaez, with the same penalty for the first and second
offense, by analogy we recommend the application of Sec. 55 of the Uniform
Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service both penalty being equal, the
other violation be treated as an aggravating circumstance instead of imposing both
penalties at its end. Sec. 54 par. C thereof, on Manner of Imposition of Penalties
provides that the maximum of the penalty shall be imposed where only
aggravating and no mitigating circumstances are present. These are the first
administrative offenses for Ms. Hernaez should the Court find merit to this
Offices recommendation, albeit she still has another pending administrative
matter.
The Court has repeatedly held that the conduct and behavior of everyone
connected with an office charged with the dispensation of justice is circumscribed
with the heavy burden of responsibility and the Court can not countenance any
act or omission on the part of all those involved in the administration of justice
which would violate the norm of public accountability and diminish or even just
tend to diminish the faith of the people in the Judiciary.
Section 1, Canon IV of the Code of Conduct for Court Personnel also provides
that:
Our Ruling
Relative to the foregoing, this Court takes note of the previous OAS
memoranda/letter addressed to Ms. Hernaez, to wit:
a) January 16, 2003 letter requiring her to explain within five (5) days
why she should not be dropped from the roll for having been
absent from office continuously since December 20, 2002;
In Layao, Jr. v. Manatad,[2] this Court held that a court employees absence
without leave for a prolonged period of time constitutes conduct prejudicial to the
best interest of public service and warrants the penalty of dismissal. Due to the
nature and functions of their office, officials and employees of the judiciary must
be role models in the faithful observance of the constitutional canon that public
office is a public trust.[3]
On July 1, 2008, the Court En Banc approved the OAS recommendation dropping
respondent from the rolls for AWOL. Since respondent has already been dropped
from the rolls, the penalty of suspension is no longer practicable.
In Reyes, Jr. v. Cristi,[6] the Court found Ricardo Cristi, Cash Clerk II, Office of
the Clerk of Court, Regional Trial Court, San Mateo, Rizal guilty of habitual
absenteeism, meriting a penalty of suspension. However, since he had already
resigned, and the penalty of suspension could no longer be imposed, the Court
ordered him to pay a fine equivalent to three (3) months salary.
We opt to take an analogous action here. However, records bear out that
respondent has been suffering from a variety of illnesses. Under Section 53(a) of
the Uniform Rules,[7] the physical fitness or unfitness, as in this case, of respondent
may be considered a mitigating circumstance in the determination of the penalties
to be imposed. Thus, a fine of Five Thousand Pesos (P5,000.00) is more proper
and reasonable.
WHEREFORE, the Court finds Ms. Nahren D. Hernaez GUILTY of
habitual absenteeism and conduct prejudicial to the best interest of the
service. Having been previously dropped from the rolls, she is hereby FINED Five
Thousand Pesos (P5,000.00) to be deducted from whatever benefits may be due
her.
SO ORDERED.
RUBEN T. REYES
Associate Justice
WE CONCUR:
REYNATO S. PUNO
Chief Justice
ARTURO D. BRION
Associate Justice
*
No part. Justice Azcuna is on official leave per Special Order No. 510 dated July 15, 2008.
**
No part. Justice Tinga is on official leave per Special Order No. 512 dated July 16, 2008.
[1]
Report on Habitual Absenteeism of Gloria P. Kasilag, SC Chief Judicial Staff Officer, Employee Leave Division,
OAS.
[2]
A.M. No. P-99-1308, May 4, 2000, 331 SCRA 324.
[3]
CONSTITUTION (1987), Art. XI, Sec. 1.
[4]
Re: Imposition of Corresponding Penalties for Habitual Tardiness Committed During the First and Second
Semesters of 2003, A.M. No. 00-06-09-SC, March 16, 2004, 425 SCRA 508.
[5]
Uniform Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service, Sec. 55.
[6]
A.M. No. P-04-1801, April 2, 2004, 427 SCRA 8.
[7]
Section 53. Extenuating, mitigating, aggravating, or alternative circumstances. In the determination of the
penalties to be imposed, mitigating, aggravating, and alternative circumstances attendant to the commission of the
offense shall be considered. The following circumstances shall be appreciated.
a. Physical fitness
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