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Presented By: Ms. Gurkirat Kaur Asst. Prof. Chitkara University
Presented By: Ms. Gurkirat Kaur Asst. Prof. Chitkara University
1896-
1980
Jean Piaget was born in Neuchatel,
Switzerland, on August 9, 1896.
He was the oldest child of Arthur Piaget,
professor of medieval literature at the
University, and of Rebecca Jackson.
In his early years, he studied about mollusks
and he love sciences
Eventually, Piaget changed his study from
mollusks to the study of philosophy.
After high school, he attended the University of
Neuchatel, where he eventually obtained his
Doctorate in Science in 1918.
During university, he had two philosophical
essays published, which were important to the
general orientation of his thinking
He worked for a year at psychology labs in Zurich
and at Bleulers famous psychiatric clinic.
After a semester at the University of Zurich where
he developed an interest for psychoanalysis, he
left Switzerland for France.
In 1919, he taught psychology and
philosophy at the Sorbonne in Paris. Here he
did research intelligence testing.
In 1921, he became director of studies at the
J.J. Rousseau Institute in Geneva.
In 1923, he married Valentine Chatenay and
had three children, whose intellectual
development from infancy to language as
studied by Piaget.
He died in Geneva on September 16, 1980
Schema/Scheme: A representation in the mind of a set
of ideas or actions which go together
5. Each stage is a
coming into being.
There is a gradual
progression from stage to
stage (Brainerd, 1978).
1.
Piagets theory is based on the idea that the SENSORIMOTOR
developing child builds cognitive structures STAGE
(networked concepts for understanding and
responding to physical experiences within his or
her environment) 2.
PRE-
Jean Piaget formulated four stages of intellectual- OPERATIONAL
cognitive development and the process by which STAGE
children progress through them.
During all development stages, the child 3.
experiences his or her environment using what ever CONCRETE
OPERATIONAL
mental maps he or she has consulted so far. STAGE
4.
FORMAL
OPERATIONAL
STAGE
Sensorimotor Stage (Infancy):
In this periods intelligence is demonstrated through
motor activity, without the use of symbols.
Knowledge of the world is developing but limited
because of how it is based on physical interactions
and experiences.
Pre-operational stage (Toddler and Early
Childhood):
Intelligence is demonstrated through the use of symbols,
language use matures, and memory and imagination are
developed in this period. Egocentric thinking predominates.
Concrete operational stage (Elementary and
early adolescence):
In this stage intelligence is demonstrated through logical and
systematic manipulation of symbols related to concrete objects.
Operational thinking develops and egocentric thought
diminishes
=
Most of previous characteristics discussed
have now developed.
The child shows logical thinking and is able to
work through abstract problems and use logic
without the presence of concrete
manipulation.
E.g. If Kelly is taller than John and John is
taller than Pete who is the tallest? This is an
example of inferential reasoning.
Stages of Cognitive Development Continued
This suggest that there were design flaws with Piagets original
study.
Demand characteristics:- the children may
have wanted to please the experimenter
therefore changing their behaviour.
a) Child psychologist
b)Developmental psychologist
c)Biologist
d) Genetic epistemologist
4. The ability to think abstractly and
systematically solve problems emerges
during the ___________.
a) concrete operational stage
b)sensorimotor stage
c) formal operational stage
d)preoperational stage