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    Preventive Diplomacy / Conflict Prevention: International Online Training Program On Intractable Conflict

    Uploaded by

    Rafael Dobrzeniecki
    ccv

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    31.10.

    2017 Preventive Diplomacy

    OTPIC Officially Retired

    As of December 2, 2005, the Online Training Program on Intractable Conflict (OTPIC) has been officially
    retired, and is no longer open to new registrations.

    The successor to OTPIC is a course called Dealing Constructively with Intractable Conflicts (DCIC). The
    new curriculum is built around one of our major projects, Beyond Intractability, and offers a much more
    extensive and informative set of learning materials than that available through OTPIC.
    International Online Training Program On Intractable
    Conflict
    Conflict Research Consortium, University of Colorado, USA

    Preventive Diplomacy / Conflict Prevention


    Opening Page | Glossary | Menu Shortcut Page

    This is a very broad topic that does not really fit with our incremental approach, but so much is being written
    about it, and so much is being done in the name of "preventive diplomacy", that we thought it was important
    to address it here in some way.

    The assumption with both conflict prevention and preventive diplomacy is that intractable conflicts are easier
    to avoid before they happen, rather than fix once they have occurred. There is a great deal of truth to this
    assumption, although some conflicts are likely to be unavoidable.

    A fundamental assumption of constructive confrontation is that the destructive nature of conflict is largely
    avoidable. Hence we would advocate an incremental approach to both conflict prevention and preventive
    diplomacy. This means that latent conflicts should not be repressed or submerged altogether. (When this is
    done, they just tend to erupt, sometimes quite violently, at a later time.) To avoid this, conflicts should be
    allowed to surface, but that the complicating factors, especially escalation, should be limited to the maximum
    extent possible, and an effort should made to confront the core conflict with the most beneficial and least
    destructive strategies available. This means trying to put the emphasis on the exchange and integrative
    strategies, moving away from force-based strategies--especially illegitimate and excessive force.

    The term "preventive diplomacy" is usually used in the international arena and refers to efforts of outside
    nations or groups of nations (for example, the UN) to prevent the escalation of conflicts between or within
    other nations. Although potentially effective, often nations feel that they should not intervene in the internal
    affairs of others if the situation has not yet become dire. By that time, preventive measures are likely to be
    impossible. (This happened in the Bosnian situation, for example). Nongovernmental organizations can also
    engage in what is generally referred to as conflict prevention (since they are not state actors). Given their
    ongoing presence in much of the two-thirds world, they are in a far superior position to try to intervene in
    developing conflicts early enough to put them on a constructive, rather than destructive course. Discussions
    about how this can be done can be found in some of the examples, below.

    Conflict prevention also is useful in smaller-scale conflicts. To the extent that the parties can control
    complicating factors from the outset, define the conflict as a mutual problem rather than a competitive or
    win-lose situation, and utilize a strategy that depends most on integrative and exchange approaches more
    than force, the conflict is likely to be more productive than destructive. Once escalation sets in and other
    complicating factors develop, the strategy must change from conflict prevention to conflict management or
    resolution, which is generally considerably harder to accomplish successfully.

    https://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/prevent.htm 1/3
    31.10.2017 Preventive Diplomacy

    Examples of conflict prevention and preventive diplomacy:

    Joseph Nye Jr. -- International Conflicts After the Cold War


    This article explores the nature and causes of global, regional, and communal conflicts and evaluates
    various approaches to conflict prevention.

    William Perry -- Managing Conflict in the Post-Cold War Era


    This is a summary of a talk given by former U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry at an Aspen
    Institute Conference on Managing Conflict in the post-Cold War world. Perry argues that conflict
    prevention is the best approach to managing military conflict.

    Saadia Touval -- Case Study: Lessons of Preventative Diplomacy in Yugoslavia


    Touval examines why preventive diplomacy failed to work effectively in the former Yugoslavia.

    Current and Future Arrangements for Intervention


    This is another examination of international intervention as a device of conflict prevention.

    Claude Rakisits -- The Gulf Crisis: Failure of Preventive Diplomacy


    This is an examination of the failure of preventive diplomacy in the case of the Persian Gulf Crisis.

    John Prendergast -- Transformative Approaches to Training: The Case of Somalia


    This article describes a conflict training program which was used as a conflict prevention method in
    Somalia.

    William L. Ury--Conflict Resolution among the Bushmen: Lessons in Dispute Systems Design
    In this essay, dispute systems design was used as a method of conflict prevention.

    Links to Other (Outside) Sources of Information on Preventive Diplomacy

    Peacekeeping, Peacemaking, and Human Rights, by Cedric Thornberry, former Assistant Secretary-
    General of the UN and Deputy Chief of UNPROFOR in ex-Yugoslavia.

    Space in Which Hope Can Grow: The Commonwealth and Preventive Diplomacy - INCORE
    Publications and Papers Occasional Papers

    US Institute of Peace Special Report-The U.S. Contribution to Conflict Prevention, Management, and
    Resolution in Africa

    Zaire Predicament and Prospects-USIP Peaceworks #11 - includes a section on Frameworks for
    Preventive Diplomacy

    Global Cultures of Peace--Linda Groff and Paul Smoker


    This article focuses on alternative definitions of peace and the implications of those definitions to
    actual peacebuilding and conflict prevention activities.

    Field Diplomacy A New Conflict Prevention Paradigm - Reychler

    The South China Sea Dispute: Prospects for Preventive Diplomacy - U.S. Institute of Peace

    Preventive Diplomacy for the South China Sea- U.S. Institute of Peace

    Preventing Violent Conflicts- U.S. Institute of Peace

    Early Intervention and Power Sharing- U.S. Institute of Peace

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    31.10.2017 Preventive Diplomacy

    Links to Related Approaches:

    Constructive Confrontation

    Third Party Intervention

    Links to Related Problems:

    All the problems are related.

    Copyright 1998 Conflict Research Consortium -- Contact: [email protected]

    https://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/prevent.htm 3/3

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