PTEG 323 Well Log Analysis and Well Testing Lec3 16jan2018
PTEG 323 Well Log Analysis and Well Testing Lec3 16jan2018
m a
1 Rw
Sw 2 2 2 1 Carbonates, hard rock
Rt 2.15
2
0.62
0.81
Sandstone (Humble)
Sandstone
Other popular choices of m and a
Quick Look Interpretation
Arp’s Equation
2
Several Saturation Models
Shale-Free Electrical Model
Archie (1942)
Dual-Water
3
Reservoir vs Well
A Reservoir may contain many wells
It is possible that in the same reservoir some
wells might be
Some Producing Hydrocarbon
Some producing Water (that need to be shut down)
In some, Water is being injected
Sometimes we perform Logging services to get
an idea of not one well but the whole or part of
the reservoir
4
Downhole Environment
Standard notations
5
Invasion
Water-Based Mud Oil-Based Mud
Invasion takes place due Invaded Zone Uninvaded Zone Invaded Zone
Oil-Bearing Oil-Bearing
to higher hydrostatic
Mud properties
X: Radial distance from
borehole in inches Water-Bearing Water-Bearing
Y: Resistivity in ohmm
6
How to get Rw ?
(Resistivity of water)
Retrieve Sample of Formation Water from Well and
measure its Resistivity using Resistivity Meter (note that
Resistivity changes with temperature so appropriate temperature corrections
need to be applied before using for Interpretation)
In Open Hole Wireline Formation Tester
Collect Sample water (from Separator Tank on Surface) from any other
nearby Producing Well (from same zone)
Water charts of the area may be available from Oil
companies or government agencies
If WBM mud, then SP Log (Spontaneous Potential) can give Rw
Identify 100% water bearing zone and Reverse calculate Rw
using Archie equation 7