Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Health Care Delivery System in India
Health Care Delivery System in India
ASSIGNMENT ON
Submitted To
Submitted By
Mr. Mohammed Rizwan
M.Sc. Nursing Previous
Batch – 2017-18
Submitted On
Health Care Delivery System in India
Mr.Mohammed Rizwan
Health is a state of complete Physical, Mental and Social well being and not merely an
absence of disease or infirmity which allows a person to live a socio-economically
productive life.
Illness is a state in which a person’ s physical, emotional, intellectual, social or spiritual
functioning is diminished or impaired
A person or organization that provides services and/or health care personnel to deliver
proper health care in a systematic way to any individual in need of health care services.
Could be a government
The health care industry,
A health care equipment company,
An institution such as a hospital or laboratory.
Health care professionals may include physicians, dentists, and other support staff.
.
Health services
Thereby provide health care to individuals and community with preventive and curative
activities.
Utilizing health care workers
System
Aspects of the design of health services that influences the way in which they are
delivered Includes….
Number and type of personnel and staff
Way of these personnel organized to work
Nature and extend of facility and equipment
Range of services offered
System of management and amenities
Financing
Enumeration and determination of the eligible population for these services
Governance and decision making
2. Process of health care delivery
Behavior of professionals
Recognition of the problem i.e diagnosis
Diagnostic procedure
Recommendation of treatment or management
Appropriate follow up
Participation of people Utilization of services
Understanding the recommendations
Satisfaction with the services
Participation in decision making.
Aspects of health that results from interventions provided by the health system
In 1977, World Health Assembly decided to launch a movement called “Health for all by
2000”
Fundamental principle of this concept was equity, an equal health status for all the
people in all countries
This is to be ensured by equitable distribution of health resources
In 1978, the note of “Health for all” was reaffirmed and marked as the major social goal
for every country.
It was stated in the declaration that the best way to achieve HFA is by providing primary
health care especially to vast size of underserved rural and urban poor.
Alma-Ata Declarations
A main social target of governments, international organizations and the whole world
community in the coming decades should be the attainment by all peoples of the world
by the year 2000 of a level of health that will permit them to lead a socially and
economically productive life. - “HEALTH FOR ALL BY 2000”
Primary health care is the key to attaining this target as part of development in the spirit
of social justice.
Primary health care is essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and
socially acceptable methods and technology, made universally accessible to individuals
and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the
community and country can afford.
Primary Health Care as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1978 is…
Essential health care; based on
Practical,
Scientifically sound, and
Socially acceptable method and technology….
Made universally accessible to individuals and families of the community through their
full participation.
At a cost that community and country can afford to maintain every stage of their
development in the spirit of self determination.
DEFINITION
Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals
and acceptable to them through their full participation and at a cost the community
and country can afford.
What is there in Primary Health Care..???
– Community rehabilitation;
It is the first level of contact with the health system to promote health, prevent illness,
care for common illnesses, and manage ongoing health problems.
Primary Health Care involves concerted effort to provide rural population of developing
countries with least bare minimum of health services.
Some services are also provided community and hospitals
Primary Health Care is different in each community depending upon: –
Needs of the residents; –
Availability of health care providers; –
The communities geographic location; & – Proximity to other health care services in
the area.
Elements of primary health care
Education about prevailing health conditions and methods to prevent and control them
Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition
Adequate water supply and basic sanitation
Maternal and child health care with family planning
Immunization against major infectious diseases
Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries
Provision of essential drugs.
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Health Care Delivery System in India
Organization Structure
Function of ministry of health and family welfare
Union list
Concurrent List:
Organizationchart
Functions of Directorate General of Health services
General functions
Surveys
Planning
Coordination
Programming and appraisal of all health matters
Specific function
International health relations and quarantine of all major ports in country and
international airport.
Control of drug standards
Maintain medical store depots
Administration of post graduate training programmes
Administration of certain medical colleges in India
Conducting medical research through Indian Council of Medical Research ( ICMR )
Central Government Health Schemes.
Implementation of national health programmes
Preparation of health education material for creating health awareness through
Health.
Collection, compilation, analysis, evaluation and dissemination of information.
National Medical Library.
Organization chart
Functions
State Level
At District level
There are 593 ( year 2001 census) districts in India. Within each district, there are 6 types of
administrative areas.
1.Sub –division
2.Tehsils ( Talukas )
5.Villages
6.Panchayats
Disrtict.level
Health Services
Out patient services -Patients who don’t require hospitalization can receive health care in
a clinic. An out patient setting is designed to be convenient and easily accessible to the patient.
Institutions– Hospitals – Hospital have been the major agency of health care system.
a.Comprehensive
b.Accessible
c.Acceptable
Intended to delivery healthcare services and represented by five major sectors different from
each other by health technology
B.Hospitals/Health centres
D.Other agencies
Defense services
Railways
2. Private sector
c.Homeopathy
Introduction
In 1977, GoI launched Rural Health Scheme based on the principle of “placing people’s
health in people’s hand”
Subsequently in the international conference of AlmaAta(1978)the goal of “Health for
all” by 2000 through primary health care approach was set.
Keeping in view WHO “Health for all” by 2000 GoI formulated National health policy
2002
More recently GoI formulated NRHM and Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) in this
regards
In order to provide quality care in the public health agencies of health care delivery IPHS
are being prescribed.
These standards provides basic promotive, preventive and curative primary health care
to the community and achieve and maintain an acceptable quality of care
These standards would help monitor and improve functioning of the health care delivery
system
The health care infrastructure in rural areas has been developed as a three tier system and is
based on the above population norms:
Sub Center
The most peripheral and first contact point between the primary health care system and the
community.
The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare is providing 100% Central assistance
They are established on the basis of One SC for every 5,000 pop in general and
One SC for every 3,000 pop in hilly, tribal and backward areas
Each Sub-Centre is manned by one Male and one female Health Worker.
One Lady Health Worker (LHV) is entrusted with the task of supervision of six Sub-
Centers.
Sub Centre are assigned tasks relating to interpersonal communication in order to bring about
behavioral change and provide services in relation to….
PHC is the first contact point between village community and the Medical Officer.
The PHCs were envisaged to provide an integrated curative and preventive health care to
the rural population with emphasis on preventive and promotive aspects of health care.
The PHCs are established and maintained by the State Governments.
At present, a PHC is manned by a Medical Officer supported by 14 paramedical and
other staff.
It acts as a referral unit for 6 SubCentres.
It has 4 - 6 beds for patients.
The activities of PHC involve curative, preventive, primitive and Family Welfare
Services.
National Health Plan (1983) proposed reorganization of PHCs on the basis of
One PHC for every 30,000 pop in Rural areas
One PHC for every.50,000 pop in Urban areas
Functions of PHCs
Medical care
Health programmes
MCH care and family planning
Health education and training
Referral services
Safe water supply and basic sanitation
Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
Collection and reporting of vital events
Basic laboratory services
Functions of CHCs
1. Samta soni, textbook of Advance Nursing Practice, published by jaypee brother medical
publication. Page no- 163-173.
2. Linkedin learning
3. www. Slide share