Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Storytelling With Data
Storytelling With Data
Data Story
*
Visual
Amit Kapoor
narrativeVIZ
How many 5’s can you find?
142536789251364789245369178
419356728495126783149356728
245369178145672893145672938
495126783149356728423698517
359164782145672938451672938
465132978423698517459163782
145762938451672938359164782
431567298459163782431567298
Proximity
142 5 367892 5 136478924 5 369178
4193 5 672849 5 1267831493 5 6728
24 5 36917814 5 67289314 5 672938
49 5 1267831493 5 6728423698 5 17
3 5 916478214 5 6729384 5 1672938
46 5 132978423698 5 174 5 9163782
14 5 7629384 5 16729383 5 9164782
431 5 672984 5 9163782431 5 67298
Alignment
555 142367892136478924369178
555 419367284912678314936728
555 243691781467289314672938
555 491267831493672842369817
555 391647821467293841672938
555 461329784236981749163782
555 147629384167293839164782
555 431672984916378243167298
Repetition
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
123456789 123456789 123456789
Enclosure
142 5 367892 5 136478924 5 369178
4193 5 672849 5 1267831493 5 6728
24 5 36917814 5 67289314 5 672938
49 5 1267831493 5 6728423698 5 17
3 5 916478214 5 6729384 5 1672938
46 5 132978423698 5 174 5 9163782
14 5 7629384 5 16729383 5 9164782
431 5 672984 5 9163782431 5 67298
Contrast
142536789251364789245369178
419356728495126783149356728
245369178145672893145672938
495126783149356728423698517
359164782145672938451672938
465132978423698517459163782
145762938451672938359164782
431567298459163782431567298
Contrast
142536789251364789245369178
419356728495126783149356728
245369178145672893145672938
495126783149356728423698517
359164782145672938451672938
465132978423698517459163782
145762938451672938359164782
431567298459163782431567298
Subtraction
142536789251364789245369178
419356728495126783149356728
245369178145672893145672938
495126783149356728423698517
359164782145672938451672938
465132978423698517459163782
145762938451672938359164782
431567298459163782431567298
Design Principles
Subtraction
Contrast
Repetition
Alignment
Proximity
Enclosure
War Stories & Killer Charts
Approach
Fundamentals
Learn from first principles
Know the science
Understand the art
Experiential
I hear and I forget
I see and I remember
I do and I understand
I experience and I learn (for life)
Learning the Djembe
Interactive Geometric
(Kinesthetic) (Visual-Spatial)
Linguistic (Verbal)
- Leonardo da Vinci
Visual Thinking Spectrum
— Colin Ware
Pattern Recognition
Driving a Car
Pattern Recognition
CAPTCHA
Completely Automated Public Turing test to
tell Computers and Humans Apart
Pattern Recognition
Chess Go
Pattern Recognition
Weather Forecasts
Patterns in Random Noise
Choropleth maps of
cancer deaths in Texas,
where darker colors =
more deaths.
Source: Graphical
Inference for Infovis
Visualization
“Transformation of the symbolic into the
geometric”
- McCormick et al. 1987
Make decisions
Persuade | Tell a story
Share | Collaborate
Inspire
Value of Visualization
Exploration
Explanation
Expression
Exploration | Interactive
Data Tool for engagement,
exploration and discovery
Cricket Stats
Source: Gramener
Working Capital Profiler
Source: Strategy&
Pincode decoder
Source: Pindecode
Explanatory | Narrative
Data Stories for telling a specific and
(linear) visual narrative
The Joy of Stats
Source: Politizane
Drone Attacks
Source: hint.fm/wind
Flight Patterns
Word | Writer
Note | Musician
Frame | Film Maker
Datum | Data Artist
Datum
???
???
???
???
Data-Visual-Story
Datum
See the Data
Show the Visual
Tell the Story
Engage the Audience
Data-Stories
See the Data
Pattern Trend
Data
Abstraction
Deviation Outlier
Anscombe’s Quartet
Anscombe’s Quartet
Anscombe’s Quartet
This is hard work
"80% perspiration,
10% great idea,
10% output."
- Simon Rogers
See the Data
1 Acquire
2 Prepare
3 Refine
4 Explore
See the Data
1 Acquire
2 Prepare Data
Wrangling
3 Refine
Exploratory
4 Explore
Data Analysis
Explore
- Ben Schneiderman
Directed Approach
?
Question Explore Insight
Exploratory Approach
?
Explore Question Explore Insight
Visually Exploring
Active Seeing
Skill Building over Time
Comparison, Deviations
● Range, Distribution:
high, low, shape
● Ranking: big,
medium, small
● Categorical
Comparison:
proportion
● Measurement:
absolutes
● Context: target,
average, forecast
● Hierarchical:
category,
subcategories
Trends
● Direction: up, down
or flat
● Optima: highs. lows
● Rate of Change:
linear, exponential
● Fluctuation:
seasonal, rhythm
● Significance: signal
vs. noise
● Intersection:
overlap, crossover
Patterns, Relationships
● Exceptions: outliers
● Boundaries: highs.
lows
● Correlation: weak,
strong
● Association:
variables, values
● Clusters: bunching,
gaps
● Intersection: overlap,
crossover
Show the Visual
Framing
Visual
Representation
Transition
Questions
Why?
Who &
How?
What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
Show the Visual
Portrait
Distribution
Representation
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
Strip Plot Frequency Polygon
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
Comparison
Comparative
Representation
Small Multiple Frequency Polygon
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
?
Comparison
Comparative
Representation
Map
Position in Space
Chloropleth Cartogram
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
?
Timeline Comparison
Position in Comparative
Time Representation
Map
Position in Space
Line Chart Bar Chart
Strip Plot
Sparklines Slopegraph
Show the Visual
Portrait
Flowchart Distribution
Relationship, Representation
Hierarchy
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
?
Timeline Comparison
Position in Comparative
Time Representation
Map
Position in Space
Tree - Node Linkage Tree Radial
Portrait
Flowchart y
Distribution
Relationship, Representation
Hierarchy x
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
?
Timeline Comparison
Position in Comparative
Time Representation
Map
Position in Space
Scatter Plot Scatter Plot - Color
Portrait
Flowchart y
Distribution
Relationship, Representation
Hierarchy x
Why?
Who &
How? What?
When? How
Many?
Where?
?
Timeline Comparison
Position in Comparative
Time Representation
Map
Position in Space
Tell the Story
Ordering & ZEF LXR
Structure
TRF JQL
Messaging
(Verbal & Text) RGT DEF
VWX DFR
Point of View
Relatability
Tone of Visualization
- Jonathan Harris
Synthesis -Visualise-Story
People | tell stories
Words | tell stories
Pictures | tell stories
Comics | tell stories
Movies | tell stories
Speakers’ Corner
Rhetoric
Persuasion
logos | reason
ethos | credible
pathos | emotional
Body Mass Index (BMI)
mass (kg)
h BMI = [ height (m) ]2
m
Living on the edge
18 25 30
6’ 7
6’ 5
Under
6’ 3
Normal
6’ 1
Over
height 5’ 11
(in ft) 5’ 9 Obese
5’ 7
5’ 5
5’ 3
5’ 1
Graph
* Art
Visual
Synthesis -Visualise-Story
analysis | SYNTHESIS
numbers | VISUALISE
argument | STORY
logic | EMPATHY
Data & Stories
The focus of stories is on
individual people rather than averages,
on motives rather than movements,
on point of view rather than the view
from nowhere,
context rather than raw data.
Aural Visual
Narrative
/ˈnærətiv / (noun)
A narrative (or story) is any account of
connected events, presented to a reader or
listener in a sequence of written or spoken
words, or in a sequence of (moving) pictures.
Finish
Frame it
as a Journey
Start
Making Comics
Don’t just add a chart...
Source: Economist
...or complex visualization
Source: Gapminder
Explanatory Exploration
(Narrative) (Interactive)
Source: Bloomberg
Make it Simple
Source: Gapminder
Say it with Text
Weave Text into Graphics
Takeaway
ZEF LXR
TRF JQL
Emotion
RGT DEF
VWX DFR
Interactivity
Attention & Engagment
Source: Gapminder
Restrict Interactivity
Source: NY Times
Science or Art?
Science Art
Perceptual Psychology Emotional
Cognitive Science Aesthetic sense
Graphic Design Craft and Skill
Data Analysis Creativity
Six Thinking Hats
Abstract Blackbox
Flexible Limited
Difficult Simple
Slow Quick
Code GUI
Expressive Efficient
Tools Landscape
Abstract, Flexible, Difficult Blackbox, Limited, Simple
Slow, Code, Expressive Quick, GUI, Efficient
Tools Landscape
Abstract, Flexible, Difficult Blackbox, Limited, Simple
Slow, Code, Expressive Quick, GUI, Efficient