The Inspirational Life of Fridtjof Nansen
The Inspirational Life of Fridtjof Nansen
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
NP Fridtjof Nansen
1861-1930
Fram:1890’s Kodak
Brownie Camera
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
Events of Period
U.S. Civil War
1861-1865
Fridtjof Nansen
1861-1930
Fram:1890’s Kodak
Brownie Camera
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
Events of Period
U.S. Civil War
1861-1865
2nd Industrial Rev.
1880’s
Fridtjof Nansen
1861-1930
Fram:1890’s Kodak
Brownie Camera
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
Events of Period
U.S. Civil War
1861-1865
2nd Industrial Rev.
1880’s
Fridtjof Nansen
World War I
1861-1930
1914-1918
Fram:1890’s Kodak
Brownie Camera
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
Events of Period
U.S. Civil War
1861-1865
2nd Industrial Rev.
1880’s
Fridtjof Nansen
World War I
1861-1930
1914-1918
League of
Nations
1919
Fram:1890’s Kodak
Brownie Camera
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
Events of Period
U.S. Civil War
1861-1865
2nd Industrial Rev.
1880’s
Fridtjof Nansen
World War I
1861-1930
1914-1918
League of
Nations
1919
Rise of
Bolshevism
1920’s
Fram:1890’s Kodak
Brownie Camera
The Inspirational Life of Fridtjof Nansen (1861-1930)
* Nansen’s Youth
* Education/Sportsman
* Greenland Crossing
*Ancestor Hans
Nansen, b. 1598, was
sailor, Arctic explorer,
mayor of Copenhagen
* Father: lawyer,
financier; strict parent
2008
For Perspective: What Items, Information and Technologies Were
Not Yet Available to Polar Explorers (1850 – 1920’s)?
* Foods with proper nutrition (Scurvy cause was unknown)
* Desalination units for freshwater
* Well-insulated clothes/proper snow goggles (for snow blindness)
* Proper heaters for warmth and cookers for food/melt ice for H2O
(diurnal DT up to 400F)
* Maps and water depths of regions yet to be explored
* GPS (celestial navigation only)
* Radar for navigation (where were coasts, icebergs, hazards)
* Radio and satellite communication (totally out of contact!)
* Weather and tidal data and forecasts
* Snowmobiles
* Others: computers, iPods, Blackberries, TV, DVDs, video games
North Pole
2008 Web Cam
For Perspective: What Items, Information and Technologies Were
Not Yet Available to Polar Explorers (1850 – 1920’s)?
* Foods with proper nutrition (Scurvy cause was unknown)
* Desalination units for freshwater
* Well-insulated clothes/proper snow goggles (for snow blindness)
* Proper heaters for warmth and cookers for food/melt ice for H2O
(diurnal DT up to 400F)
* Maps and water depths of regions yet to be explored
* GPS (celestial navigation only)
* Radar for navigation (where were coasts, icebergs, hazards)
* Radio and satellite communication (totally out of contact!)
* Weather and tidal data and forecasts
* Snowmobiles
* Others: computers, iPods, Blackberries, TV, DVDs, video games
North Pole
2008 Web Cam
Baffin Babes 2009
For Perspective: What Items, Information and Technologies Were
Not Yet Available to Polar Explorers (1850 – 1920’s)?
* Foods with proper nutrition (Scurvy cause was unknown)
* Desalination units for freshwater
* Well-insulated clothes/proper snow goggles (for snow blindness)
* Proper heaters for warmth and cookers for food/melt ice for H2O
(diurnal DT up to 400F)
* Maps and water depths of regions yet to be explored
* GPS (celestial navigation only)
* Radar for navigation (where were coasts, icebergs, hazards)
* Radio and satellite communication (totally out of contact!)
* Weather and tidal data and forecasts
* Snowmobiles
* Others: computers, iPods, Blackberries, TV, DVDs, video games
www.baffinbabes.com/
Nansen’s Team for First Crossing of Greenland – ‘A Ski Trip’ – 1888
Nansen’s Team for First Crossing of Greenland –
‘A Ski Trip’ – 1888 and Nansen in a Crevasse
Nansen’s First Crossing of Greenland – ‘A Ski Trip’ – 1888
From McClure’s Magazine as published in S.L. Beren’s book, Fridtjof Nansen in the Frozen World.
Design of the Fram (Forward), launched
In 1892, by Nansen and Colin Archer
Fridtjof Nansen
Otto Sverdrup
Raold Amundsen
Ice Features and Wildlife of the Arctic
Nansen
Discovered deep Arctic Ocean Basin & Arctic Current passing near North Pole
Nansen
as
Norwegian
envoy
to
Nansen lectured around the London
world; friend of influential
people, kings, queens, heads
of state, U.S. Presidents (incl.
Teddy Roosevelt)
Nansen with wife Eva, family, and as Norway’s Envoy to London.
Armistice of WW I (1918)
* This talk is available at OPL website home page: Kiki and Theodore Nansen
• www.opl.ucsb.edu; click on ‘Nansen Talks
Further Reading
* This talk is available at OPL website home page: Theodore Nansen and Mia
• www.opl.ucsb.edu; click on ‘Nansen Talks
Extra Slides
A neuron, also known as a neurone or nerve cell) is an electrically excitable cell that
processes and transmits information by electrochemical signaling, via connections
with other cells called synapses. Neurons are the core components of the
nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral ganglia.
A number of specialized types of neurons exist: sensory neurons respond to touch,
sound, light and numerous other stimuli affecting cells of the sensory organs that then
send signals to the spinal cord and brain. Motor neurons receive signals from the brain
and spinal cord and cause muscle contractions and affect glands. Interneurons connect
neurons to other neurons within the same region of the brain or spinal cord.
1810’s
Sir John Ross Arctic voyage looking for NW Passage with Sir James Clark Ross
1818
John Franklin’s Arctic expedition, 1918
John Franklin’s 1st Canadian expedition, 1919
Sir James Clark Ross did 4 Arctic voyages with Sir William Parry 1819-1827
James Ross locates position of magnetic NP 1831 w/Uncle John
1820’s
Robert McClure discovers Northwest Passage
William Edward Parry reached 82 45 in 1827
John Frankiln’s2nd Arctic expedition, 1823
1830’s-1840’s
Sir James Clark Ross 1839-43 did Antarctic exped. charting continent
Sir James Clark Ross discovered Ross Sea and Ross Ice Shelf in 1841
Franklin’s Northwest Passage lost expedition 1845-1848
What was happening during Nansen’s lifetime (1861-1930)?
1832
James Ross locates position of magnetic NP
1850
Robert McClure discovers Northwest Passage
1930’s
Nansen International Office for Refugees receives Nobel Peace Prize in 1938
For continuing Nansen’s work as High Commissioner
Richard Byrd expeditions to Antarctica 1933–35, 1939–40, 1946–47 and 1955–56
Some Other Noteworthy Polar Events >50 yrs after Fram Expedition
Pavel Goriyenko and 5 others step on Npole after landing a plane thre in 148
Lt. Col. Joseph Fletcher and Lt. William Benedict land at N Pole in 1952. Nuclear
Submarine Nautilus passes under North Pole August 9, 1958
U.S. Nuclear Submarine Skate surfaces at North Pole March 17, 1959
Ralph Plaisted makes land conquest of N. Pole in 1968
Sir Wally Herbert led team across Artcic Ocean 1968-1969 with no airlifts
Soviet nuclear icebreaker Arktika made it N. Pole 1977
Manhattan voyage through Northwest Passage in ????
Russian Submersible Mir II plants Russian flag beneath North Pole August 2007
Note: Npole tms range from -45F to -15F in winter and average arounfd 32F in
summer
Ice cover in winter over Arctic is about the same area as the U.S. and decreases to
½ this size in summer
Some estimate ½ of Greenland and Arctic ice could be gone by 2100????? So
says the Arctic Climate Assessment report of November 2004.
What world events occurred during Nansen’s lifetime (1861-1930)?
The first Olympics after the war, the 1920 Games in Antwerp featured figure
skating with the addition of ice hockey.[4] At the IOC Congress held the following
year, it was decided that the organizers of the 1924 Summer Olympics, France,
would also host a separate "International Winter Sports Week", under the
patronage of the IOC. This "week" (it actually lasted 11 days) of events in
Chamonix proved to be a great success. More than 200 athletes from 16
nations, competed in 16 events.[6] Fewer than 15 of the athletes were women
and they were only allowed to compete in figure skating events.[4] Finnish and
Norwegian athletes dominated the events.[7] In 1925 the IOC decided to create
a separate Olympic Winter Games,[4] and the 1924 Games in Chamonix were
retroactively designated as the first Winter Olympics.[4][8]
Climate Change/Global Warming
Jones et al., 1999, Rev. of Geophys. 37, 173-199
http://www.john-daly.com/polar/arctic.htm
http://www.jJohn-daly.com/polar/arctic.htm
Arctic Circulation/Currents
http://www.john-daly.com/polar/arctic.htm
Point Barrow, AK 71 23N August
at ½ hour intervals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_length
Nansen’s Team for First Crossing of Greenland – ‘A Ski Trip’ – 1888
Nansen
I. Joughin, U. Washington
Scenery of Greenland Like Nansen and His Team
May Have Seen on Clear Days
Life on R/V Fram
Crew of 13 was onboard
Fram, mostly locked in ice, for
3-year Arctic expedition.
NOAA
North Pole
Web Cam
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
2007
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
Pargo
Nuclear Sub Skate 1958
1993
Charlotte
2006
The Inspirational Life
of Fridtjof Nansen –
‘The Daring Viking’
North Pole
Nuclear Sub Skate 1958 2008 Web Cam
Baffin Island, 69˚00`N 72˚00`W, is the largest island in
Canada and the fifth largest island in the world, with an
area of 507,000 km². It has a population of 11,000
people, most of them living in Iqaluit, which is the
capital of the territory Nunavut.
Spectacular environment
Much of the treeless island, and the waters around it, are
protected national parks. A mountain ridge goes across the
island and the highest peak is Mount Odin, raising 2147 m
above sea level. The vast, unspoiled tundra, the
mountainous interior, the big glaciers and the hundreds of
bays and fjords of the rugged northern coast make Baffin
Island to a unique place in the world.
People
Most of the people on Baffin Island are Inuit and some are
still living out of fishing and hunting. Inuit in Nunavut are
recognized internationally for their stone sculptures, fine art
prints and fabric arts. Nowadays tourism is a growing
industry in the Inuit economy.
Climate
For Perspective: What Items, Information and Technologies Were
Not Yet Available to Polar Explorers (1850 – 1920’s)?
* Foods with proper nutrition (Scurvy cause was unknown)
* Desalination units for freshwater
* Well-insulated clothes/proper snow goggles (for snow blindness)
* Proper heaters for warmth and cookers for food/melt ice for H2O
(diurnal DT up to 400F)
* Maps and water depths of regions yet to be explored
* GPS (celestial navigation only)
* Radar for navigation (where were coasts, icebergs, hazards)
* Radio and satellite communication (totally out of contact!)
* Weather and tidal data and forecasts
* Snowmobiles
* Others: computers, iPods, Blackberries, TV, DVDs, video games
North Pole
2008 Web Cam