Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
their professional efforts affect the fate of the earth.” - Helen Caldicott centered around teachers
Our thoughts, values, and actions are somehow shaped by events and by people Students engaged in Socratic dialogues or mutual inquiry
with whom we come in contact. We, in turn, help shape society – its events, people
sessions to develop an understanding of history’s most timeless
and its destiny.
Your Philosophy of life and you philosophy of education serve as your “window” to
concepts.
the world and “compass” in the sea of life.
3. PROGRESSIVISM
Your Philosophical Heritage a. Why teach?
Seven Philosophies of Education To develop learners into becoming enlightened and intelligent
1. ESSENTIALISM – What is needed and important citizens of a democratic society.
a. Why teach? Teach learners so they may live life fully NOW.
- Learners to acquire basic knowledge, skills and values. b. What to teach?
- to transmit the traditional moral values and intellectual need-based and relevant curriculum
knowledge that students need to become model citizens curriculum that respond to students’ need and relates to
b. What to teach? students’ lives and experiences
- Programs are academically rigorous - the basic skill or the accept the impermanence of life and inevitability of change,
fundamental r’s – reading, ‘riting, ‘rithmetic, right conduct everything else change
needed in preparation for adult life. concerned with teaching the learners the skill to cope with
- traditional discipline – Math, natural Science, History, Foreign change
Languages and Literature - frown upon vocational courses -what Give focus to teaching of skills or process in gathering and
is most important and place little emphasis on students interest evaluating information and in problem solving.
c. How to teach? give emphasis on natural and social sciences
- emphasize mastery of subject matter c. How to teach?
- teachers fountain of information and paragon of virtue employ experiential methods
- teachers observe “core requirements, longer school days and a learns by doing -John Dewey
longer academic year” advocate of Progressivism
- rely heavily on the use of prescribed textbooks heavily rely on the problem
- heavy stress on memorization and discipline solving method (Scientific method)
Hands-on-minds-on teaching method like field trips and
2. PERENNIALISM thought-provoking games
a. Why teach?
We are all rational animals 4. Existentialism
develop the students’ rational and moral powers a. Why Teach?
b. What to teach? To help students understand and appreciate themselves as
curriculum is universal or general unique individual who accept complete responsibility for their
heavy on the humanities, general education thoughts, feelings and action.
less emphasis on vocational and technical education to help students define their own essence by exposing them to
what the perennialist teachers teach are lifted from the Great various paths -education of the whole person
Books
b. What to teach? Verbal – the content of our message, the choice and arrangement of
students are given a wide variety of options from which they to our words. This can be oral or written.
choose Nonverbal – the message we send through body language.
tremendous emphasis is given to Humanities to provide Paraverbal – refers to how we say what we say – tone, pacing and
students with vicarious experiences that will help unleash their volume of our voices.
own creativity and self-expression teach learners to use language that is correct, precise, grammatical,
vocational education is regarded more coherent, accurate. help student expand their vocabularies
encourage creativity and imagination teach the learner how to communicate clearly
c. How to teach? caution the learners of the verbal and non-verbal barriers of
Focus on individual communication teach the learner to speak as many language as
Learning is self-paced, self-directed. you can
great deal of individual contact with the teacher -employ c. How to teach?
values clarification strategy - Teach language and communication through experiential way.
- Make the classroom a place for the interplay of minds and hearts.
5. BEHAVIORISM - Facilitates dialogue among learners because in the exchange of
a. Why teach? words there is also an exchange of ideas.
- modification and shaping of student’s behavior by providing a
favorable environment 7. CONSTRUCTIVISM
b. What to teach? a. Why teach?
- look people and other animals as complex combination of - to develop intrinsically motivated and independent learners
matter that act only in response to internally or externally adequately equipped with learning skills for them to be able to
physical stimuli. construct knowledge and make meaning of them.
- teach students to respond favorably to various stimuli in the b. What to teach?
environment. - learners are taught how to learn, learning processes and skills
c. How to teach? c. How to teach?
- ought to arrange environment conditions - teacher provides students with data or experiences that allow
- ought to make the stimuli clear and interesting to capture and them to hypothesize, predict, manipulate objects, pose
hold the learners’ attention. questions, research, investigate, imagine and invent
- ought to provide appropriate incentives to reinforce positive - Constructivist classroom is interactive - promotes dialogical
responses to awaken or eliminate negative ones. exchange of ideas among learners and between teachers and
students.
6. LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHY - Teacher’s role is to facilitate the process.
a. Why teach? knowledge is constructed by learners through an active,
- to develop the communication skills of the learners mental process of development
- to develop in the learner the skill to send message clearly and The minds are full of ideas waiting to be midwifed by the
receive messages correctly. teacher with his/her skillful facilitating skills.
b. What to teach?
- learners should be taught to communicate clearly
- Communication takes place in three ways:
Formulating Your Philosophy of Education inculcating or integrating the unchanging values of respect, honesty,
Your philosophy of education is your “window” to the world and “compass love and care for others regardless of race, ethnicity, nationality,
of life”. appearance and economic status in my lessons
Your philosophy of education is reflected in your dealings with students., consistently practicing these values to serve as model for every child
colleagues, p parents and administrators. Your attitude towards problems Strengthening the value formation of every child through hands-on-
and life has an underlying philosophy. minds-on-hearts –on experiences inside and outside the classroom.
Providing every child activities meant to develop the body, the mind and
What does a philosophy of education contain or include? the spirit.
1) The human person, the learner in particular and the educated
person
2) what is true and good and therefore must be taught The Foundational Principles of Morality and You
3) how a learner must be taught in order to come close to the truth “Even in your worst day on the job, you are still some children’s best hope”
4) how learner must be taught in order to come close to the truth “A teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stop.”
The advocate of value clarification assert that we must clarify what we really
value..
Mission
any important task or duty that is assigned, allotted, or self-imposed
an important goal or purpose that is accompanied by strong
conviction
from the Latin word “Misio” - To send