100 BASIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Interview Questions Answers PDF BASIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Interview Questions Answers PDF
100 BASIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Interview Questions Answers PDF BASIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Interview Questions Answers PDF
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10. What is the difference between path line and stream line ?
A path line is a curve traced by a single fluid particle during its motion. A stream
line is an imaginary line drawn in a flow field such that a tangent drawn at any
point on this line represents the direction of the velocity vector. There is no flow
across the stream line.
15. What keeps the shaft in floating condition in hydrodynamic journal bearing ?
Hydrodynamic pressure developed in the lubricant.
19. What is the ratio of damping coefficient to critical damping coefficient called ?
Damping factor.
21. Whether Bernoulli’s equation is applicable for streamline straight and rotational
flows ?
Ans: Yes.
27. What is the necessary and sufficient condition for bodies in floatation to be in
stable equilibrium ?
Centre of gravity of body should be located below metacentre.
30. Name the axial flow reaction turbine with adjustable vanes.
Kaplan turbine.
37. How the water flow from a hydrant in a city water system measured ?
It can be measured by allowing the flow of water from a hydrant and noting down
the horizontal distance (x) where jet strikes the ground and the vertical distance (y)
of outlet from ground.
Then flow = area of hydrant x
38. For the same size, length and condition of pipe, how the friction head loss
changes if pipe size is varied.
Under same flow conditions the friction head loss increases as the size change to the
4.8th power.
39. How does the capacity changes in pipe flow with increase in pipe diameter if
head is constant ?
At constant head, capacity is proportional to d25. .
40. How does the head change in pipe flow with change in diameter, if capacity is
constant.
At constant capacity, head is proportional to
41. How head varies in pipe flow with change in flow, if pipe diameter is same.
At constant diameter, head is proportional to (flow)2.
53. What is the difference between culverts, stilling basin, and standpipe ?
Culverts are built at the points of lowest valley to pass water across the
embankments of highways or railroads.
Stilling basin is transitional energy dissipating structure to avoid the damaging
process by a highly accelerated spilled water.
Standpipe is used principally for alleviating the transient pressures in large pipeline
system. It also works as a pressure relief valve for the upstream pipe during the
turbine shut off.
55. What is the difference between firm power and secondary power in hydro
power plants ?
The approximate constant and continuous power which is assured at power station
and would be available throughout the year is called firm power.
In run-of-the river schemes which are generally designed for % availability of
water, the firm power would be available for at least % of the years during the life
of the scheme. However in some years discharge in the river may be more than %
availability discharge and some extra power known as secondary power can be
generated.
56. What is the criterion for determining economic diameter of power tunnel ?
The economic diameter of a power tunnel is determined such that the total value of
following two factors is least
(i) annual loss of revenue on account of power head lost due to friction.
(ii) recurring annual expenditure.
57. What are the three functions served by a surge tank in a hydro plant ?
The three functions served by a surge tank are
(i) flow regulation – act as a reservoir for acceptance or delivery of water to meet
requirements of load changes.
(ii) water-hammer relief or pressure regulation.
(iii) improvement in speed regulation.
65. What is the difference between boundary lubrication and fluid film lubrication ?
In boundary lubrication condition the ratio of thickness of lubrication film to
surface roughness (CLA value) is less than 1 and for fluid film lubrication condition
this ratio is greater than 5 and less than 100.
66. A bearing in which hydrodynamic pressure is generated due to rotation of
jour¬nal is called… ?
Journal bearing.
67. For a journal running in a bearing clockwise at steady state, where will be the
minimum clearance ?
To the left of the load line.
68. Out of impulse and reaction type hydraulic turbines, which has higher specific
speed ?
Reaction turbine.
76. The head loss in a fully developed laminar flow in a circular pipe due to friction
is directly proportional to … ?
Square of mean velocity.
77. For what type of flow, the streamlines, pathlines and streaklines are virtually
identical ?
Steady flow.
78. How the streamlines and equipotential lines are related in a flow field ?
They are orthogoial everywhere in the flow field.
79. Under what kind and condition of a fluid the velocity potential exists ?
Irrotational flow.
80. Where should centre of gravity of a body lie for it to float in stable equilibrium ?
e.g. should be located below the metacentre.
81. For fully developed flow through a pipe, what is the ratio of maximum to
average velocity ?
Ans: 2.
82. Out of centrifugal, axial and positive displacement pumps, which has maximum
specific speed and which has minimum ?
Axial pump has maximum specific speed and reciprocating pump has minimum.
85. At which point the cavitation is most likely to occur in a hydel plant ?
At turbine rotor exit.
86. What is the difference between lower pair and higher pair ?
In a kinematic pair, if the elements have surface contact when in motion, the pair is
called lower pair and if elements have line or point contact the pair is called higher
pair.
87. What do you understrand by inversions and how many inversions are possible
in a kinematic chain having ‘n’ links ?
Inversions are different mechanisms obtained by fixing different links in a
kinematic chain but keeping relative motions of links unchanged with respecat to
one another. A kinematic chain with ‘n’ links can have ‘n’ inversions.
88. What is the difference between basic kinematic chain and compound kinematic
chain ? What is the criteria for a chain to be constrained ?
A basic kinematic chain consists of four kinematic links and a compound kinematic
chain is a constrained chain of more than four links. A chain is constrained if no. of
binary joints and half of number of higher pairs is equal to 3/2 of no. of links minus
2.
93. What is the number of degrees of freedom constrained in each case by the
kinematic pairs.
(i) Itevolute pair, (ii) cylindrical pair, (iii) Screw pair, (iv) Spherical pair.
Ans: (i) Revolute pair—single degree of freedom.
(ii) cylindrical pair—two degrees of freedom.
(iii) Screw pair—one degree of freedom.
(iv) spherical pair—three degrees of freedom.
94. What is the purpose of D-slide valve in steam engines ?
It controls the piston position for cut off of steam, for release of steam and
compression position for steam in cylinder.
95. What is the purpose of Corliss valve in place of D’-slide valve in steam engine ?
Corliss valve reduces condensation, provides independent control on admission, cut
off, release and compression, and reduces driving power requirements.
97. If base circle diameter of cam increases, what happens to pressure angle ?
It decreases.
98. If angular speed of cam is increased two times, how much jerk will be increased
?
Eight times.
100. What is the relationship between (i) axes of spin, precession, and applied
gyroscopic torque and (ii) in between their planes ?
The axes of spin, precession, and applied gyroscopic torque are contained in two
planes perpendicular to each other, and planes of spin, precession, and applied
gyroscopic torque in the three planes perpendicular to one another.
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