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Essential Geography and History SB 1 Sample Unit
Essential Geography and History SB 1 Sample Unit
PLANET EARTH
CONTENTS
RESOURCES
A. D.
B. E.
C. F.
•D
30º 30º
•C
20º 20º
F•
10º
•A 10º
0º 0º
•B
10º 10º
20º 20º
•E
Scale
0 455
30º
kilometres 30º
3 Are the following sentences True (T) or False (F)? Correct the false sentences in your notebook.
a. The Earth is the right distance from the Sun to experience moderate temperatures.
4 Look at the photo. Write the letters and complete the sentences.
It consists of
C
The is all the Earth’s water.
A
It consists of
It consists of
B
3 Now draw the other movement of the Earth and label it.
1 Write the names of the meridians and parallels in the correct place. Colour the western and eastern hemispheres
in different colours.
.................
.................
.......................
................... .......
...... ...................... .............................
.................
..................
........... ...................
2 Compare the satellite photograph below to the map and answer the questions in your notebook.
.......................
a. Can you see many details in the satellite photo or does it just give a general view? What relief features
...... can you see?
......................
.......................... ...........................
.......................... .....................
b. Is the map identical to the aerial photo? Do you think satellite photos are useful to make maps?
A B
CANADA
PACIFIC O
...........................
.............
UNITED STATES
AN CE
A TL A NTIC
O CEA N
............................
MEXICO
............
..................
1 How can we represent a sphere like the Earth on the flat surface of a map with little distortion?
Investigate map projections on the Internet and answer the questions below.
a. Why do the three projections in the illustrations work better for some regions than for others? Which is the most
useful one for representing Antarctica? Why?
Cylindrical projection
It stretches east-
This projection has the shape west and provides
➞
of an imaginary cylinder which a good projection
is placed vertically north-south of the equatorial
around the Earth and then and tropical zones.
opened up.
Conical projection
➞
Meridians are mapped along This is a good way
equally spaced vertical lines of representing the
descending from the top of region between the
an imaginary cone. Parallels are tropics and the polar
505399_06_125b_b p cilindrica 505399_06_125b_b p cilindrica
traced along circular arcs running circles.
horizontally around the cone.
Azimuthal projection
➞
This projection
Radial lines are mapped on provides the best
an imaginary plane, which is 505399_06_125b_d p cónica
representation of
tangent to the Earth. One of the polar regions.
the poles is its central point.
505399_06_125b_e p cónica
b. What are the Mercator and Peters projections? Investigate and write an explanation of the differences between them.
505399_06_125b_f acimutal
505399_06_125b_e acimutal
c. Find three illustrations of map projections on the Internet and explain them to your classmates.
Discuss why they were made, how they are used and how distorted they are.
3 Complete the table on the three parts of the Earth’s outer structure.
C
Letter Name Characteristics
A B
C Atmosphere.
• Rotation:
• Revolution:
5 Study the map and calculate the distance between the cities.
Madrid-Moscow London-Rome
Rome-Berlin Madrid-Berlin
FEDERACIÓN DE RUSIA
Moscow
Scale
0 280
kilometres
50º
London Berlin
50º
Madrid
Rome
40º
6 Study the map above and write the approximate geographic coordinates of the following cities.
a. London b. Madrid
561819_01_p25_a_politico_Europa_GEODOS
c. Berlin d. Rome
e. Moscow
Meridian or parallel
A c
B
f
e
C
D
d
E
F
b