SA 18 19 XII XII Physics Unit-4 Section-A
SA 18 19 XII XII Physics Unit-4 Section-A
SA 18 19 XII XII Physics Unit-4 Section-A
C
B
A +
–
+
a
⎡ a2 b2 ⎤
VB ⎢ c⎥
0 ⎢⎣ b ⎥⎦
3. Answer (1)
Dipole moments of the dipoles can be resolved as shown in diagram-1. Field due to these resolved dipole
moments is shown in diagram-2. From the diagram-2, field components in y direction cancel out, while
4 kp cos p cos
components in x-direction add up giving net field equal to =
r 3 0 r 3
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4. Answer (3)
The net electric field intensity is
L
2
E ∫ dE cos
L
2
dQ ⎛Q ⎞
Put dE 2
, dQ ⎜ dx ⎟
2
40 (r x ) ⎝L ⎠
r
and cos
2
r x2
L
2
Qr dx
E
4 0 L L
∫ (r 2
x 2 )3 / 2
...(A)
2
L
sin 1
L 4r 2
2
Q
E
4 0 Lr ∫ cos d
L
sin 1
L 4r 2
2
L
sin 1
Q
= sin 1 L2 4 r 2
L
40 Lr sin
L2 4 r 2
Q 2
= 4 0 Lr
L2 4r 2
Q
E
2 0 r L2 4r 2
5. Answer (4)
q(Initial)
Welectric field = – U
x
⎡ kqq kqq ⎤ q
= ⎢ x
⎣ x x ⎥⎦
q(Final)
=0
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6. Answer (1)
F =Force by ring on q = Force by q on ring = qE where E = Electric field due to ring at centre
2k
F= · sin 45° · q F
r +
+ T1
2 k +
= q + 45° y
r
+ x
k k
Fx = q, Fy = q
r r T2
For equilibrium of ring T1 + Fx = 0
k
T1 = q
r
7. Answer (4)
B
As the system moves with constant velocity, it is in equilibrium.
Thus, for equilibrium of block in vertical direction, 2l sin
F +Q +Q
2T cos = mg T
l
mg
T cos = T
2
mg m
Also, for equilibrium of a balloon in vertical direction, B = T cos =
2
1 Q2
For equilibrium of a balloon in horizontal direction, T sin = F = Q2 =
40 16 0 l 2 sin 2
(2l sin )2
For equilibrium of a balloon in direction along the length of the string
T = B cos + F sin
mg Q2
= cos +
2 160 l 2 sin
8. Answer (2)
Charge distribution on plates in the arrangement shown is like as shown.
Q q – q q – q Q
P
Electric field at any point P in leftmost plate is zero.
Q Q
=
2 0 2 0
or Q = Q(as electric field due to (q, –q), (q, –q) etc. cancel out)
Also Q + (q – q) + (q – q) + ... + Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + ... + Qn
Q1 Q2 Q3 ... Qn
Q=
2
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9. Answer (1)
A 1
A 1 2 3
1 A B C D 1 B C 2
V B V
2 2 C A 3 B
C
3 3 V
D
V D
Before key is closed After key is closed
0 A
Before the key is closed, it is three capacitors in series Ceq =
3d
0 AV
Q = Ceq V =
3d
After, capacitors marked 2 and 3 don’t store any charge
0 A 0 AV
Ceq = Q = Ceq V =
d d
Q = Charge flowing through battery = Q – Q
2 0 AV
=
3d
2 0 AV 2
W = Q · V =
3d
10. Answer (3)
kq1 kq 2 kq 3
Vinnermost =
r 2r 3r
k (q1 q 2 q 3 )
Voutermost =
3r
V does not depend on q3.
11. Answer (3)
If two more charges of magnitude of Q are placed at the vacant vertices, net field at centre = 0.
E due to six charges = E due to two point charges placed at vacant vertices. E due to each charge
kQ 4kQ E 2 E
Q=E= 2 = 2
⎛ 3 ⎞ 3x O
⎜ x⎟ 3x
⎜ 2 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ 2
x 2 1
Also, sin = =
3x 2 3 Q x Q
2
cos =
3
⎛ 4kQ ⎞ 2 8 2 kQ
Net field = 2E cos = 2 ⎜ 2 ⎟ =
⎝ 3x ⎠ 3 3 3 x2
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22 2 2
Electrostatic pressure = =
2 0 0
13. Answer (1)
⎛ 2k ⎞
F = qE = q ⎜ ⎟ = m2r
⎝ r ⎠
2kq
=
mr 2
14. Answer (1)
For a field to be conservative
V = – (Ex dx + Ey dy + Ez dz) should be path independent
For E = 2xy iˆ + x2 ĵ , Ex dx + Ey dy = 2xy dx + x2 · dy
= d(x 2) y + x2 · dy = d (x2y)
V = –x2y + C is path independent.
15. Answer (3)
2C 4C
P Q P
C V
Q P
3C
All the capacitors are connected between points P and Q
All the capacitors are in parallel in steady state.
Equivalent capacitance between P and Q = C + 2C + 3C + 4C = 10 C
1
U= (10 C) V2 = 5 CV2
2
⎛ 1⎞
Qinduced Q ⎜ 1– ⎟
⎝ K⎠
5 ⎛ 3⎞
90 10 –12 20 ⎜ 1– ⎟ = 1.2 nC
3 ⎝ 5⎠
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16. Answer (1)
As the two springs are in parallel the arrangement is equivalent to as shown.
2qE
Maximum compression/extension = E
9K 9K
+q qE = F
(By work energy theorem)
17. Answer (4)
E external
Net electric field inside a dielectric slab = = E external + E polarisation
K
E 0 iˆ
= E 0 iˆ + E polarisation
3
2E 0 ˆ
E polarisation = i
3
18. Answer (2)
For a uniform solid sphere, potential
kQ ⎡ r2 ⎤
inside : V= ⎢3 2 ⎥
2R ⎣⎢ R ⎦⎥
kQ
outside : V =
r
19. Answer (3)
For r > 0, As r increases, slope changes from – to zero. So, E changes from to zero
20. Answer (4)
dU 1 2
Energy density = 0 E
dV 2
1
dU = 0 E 2 dV
2
1 Qr
Electric field inside solid sphere = . Consider a spherical shell element of radius r of thickness dr.
4 0 R 3
dV = 4r2 dr
2
1 ⎡ 1 Qr ⎤ 1 Q 2r 4
dU = 0 ⎢ 3 ⎥ 4r2 dr = dr
2 ⎣ 40 R ⎦ 80 R 6
R
Q2 Q2
U= ∫ dU =
8 0 R 6 ∫
0
r 4 dr =
400 R
KQ K ( 4q Q )
=
r 3r
3Q = 4q – Q
Q=q
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⎡ ⎛ r ⎞⎤
= (4r2dr) ⎢ 0 ⎜1 R ⎟⎥
⎣ ⎝ ⎠⎦
⎛ 2 r3 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
= 40 ⎜ r R ⎟dr
⎝ ⎠
Total charge inclosed by the sphere of radius R is
R
⎛ r 3 ⎞⎟
⎜
0⎝
∫
Q 40 ⎜ r 2
R ⎟⎠
dr
⎡R3 R3 ⎤
= 4 0 ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 3 4 ⎥⎦
0 R 3
=
3
⎡5 r 4 ⎤
0 ⎢ r 3 – ⎥
⎣3 R ⎦
Qin r ⎡5 r ⎤
E 0 ⎢ – ⎥
40 r 2
4 0 ⎣ 3 R ⎦
kQ
Ea
a2
a
Take a shell at r = r dr
r
(a r b )
A
dq = 4r2dr
r
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q from r = a to r = r
r
Charge from r = a to r = b
q = 2A[b2 – a2]
2A[b 2 a 2 ] Q
Now, field at r = b is Eb
0 4b 2
Q
Now, Ea = Eb gives, A
2a 2
KQ
E r, 0 r R
R3
is a straight line passing through the origine as
y = mx
E
r=0 r=R r
KQ
E , r R is a rectangular hyperbola
r2
E
r=R r
kQ
v (3R 2 r 2 ), 0 r R
2R 3
⎛ 2R 3 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ v 3R 2 r 2
⎜ KQ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
⎛ 2R 3 ⎞
⎜ ⎟v r 2 3R 2
⎜ KQ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
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⎛ 2R 3 ⎞
3R 2 ⎜ ⎟v r 2
⎜ KQ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
2R 3 ⎛ 3KQ ⎞
r2 ⎜v ⎟
KQ ⎝ 2R ⎠
x 2 4a( y )
r
r=R
KQ
v ,rR
r
This is the rectangular hyperbola.
v
r=R r
kp ˆ
= j
r3
26. Answer (3)
⎛ V ˆ V ˆ V ˆ ⎞
F = qE = q ⎜⎜ i j k⎟
⎝ x y z ⎟⎠
= q ( 2 xy iˆ x 2 ˆj zkˆ )
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27. Answer (2)
r
E inside a solid sphere of charge with charge density =
3 0
In the cavity shown here, at general point P
+P+ +
b c
E = + + + +
3 0 3 0 + c+ b + +
+a
O + +
+ + + + +
a + + + +
= (b c ) = = constant + + +
3 0 3 0
1 1
th of 8q and th of 4q lie inside the cube
8 4
Charge enclosed = 2q
2q
By Gauss law, =
0
1 1 1
U= CV2, U = CV2 = kCV2 = kU
2 2 2
30. Answer (2)
B 0.5F
2F
1.5F 2F
10V
0.5F A 1.5F
B 3F B
B A B A
2F 10V 2F 10 V
k 0 (2A) 3 6 A 6 12 A
= +
(2d ) 36 d 6 12 d
k =2 + 4 = 6
A, d A, d
3 6
k=3 k=6
X Y X Y
k = 12 k = 6 12 6
A, d A, d
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dV dV
Point for which potential is locally minimum 0 E = =0
dx dx
Let this point (P) is at distance r from Q
kQ k (16Q ) P Q –16Q
= x-axis
r2 (d r ) 2 0 d 2d
r
(4r)2 = (d + r) 2
d
r=
3
⎛ 2d ⎞
Coordinates of point are ⎜ , 0⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠
33. Answer (4)
⎡ Q2 ⎤ ⎡ 2 A ⎤ ⎡ Qr ⎤
⎢ ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥ = [Energy gradient] = [MLT–2]
⎢⎣ 2 0 ⎥⎦ ⎣ 3 0 ⎦
2
⎢⎣ 0 r ⎥⎦
⎡ CV 2 ⎤
but ⎢ 2 ⎥ = [M L0 T–2]
⎢⎣ 4r ⎥⎦
⎛ 12 ⎞
= 2 ⎜ 1 ⎟
⎝ 13 ⎠ 5
2
=
13
q 2 13 q
= =
0 4 26 0
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36. Answer (1)
At minimum separation, both the particles move with same velocity (say v). Thus, by conservation of momentum,
mv = 2 mv
v
v =
2
2
1 1 ⎛v ⎞
By conservation of energy, mv2 + 0 = 2 × m ⎜ ⎟ + U
2 2 ⎝2⎠
1
U= mv2
4
37. Answer (2)
P = F v = 0 t=t
u cos
F v E y
At time t, y component of velocity becomes zero t=0
x
by v = u + at
qE
0 = u sin – t
m
mu sin mu sin 0
t= =
qE q
38. Answer (4)
Electric field lines are directed from positive towards negative charge, are perpendicular to the metal surface and
do not take sharp turns. Also, uniform electric field is represented by equispaced parallel lines.
By symmetry, charge is zero on capacitor opposite and crossed to the capacitor with battery connected across
its terminals.
40. Answer (2)
When connected by key, both the bodies become a single metal body and so all the charge comes to the outer
1 (q1 q 2 )
surface of the metallic shell. Therefore, potential at any inside point of the shell is .
4 0 r
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Charge placed at vertex D can be visualised as combination of +Q, +Q and 2Q. Thus there are three dipoles
p1, p2 and p3 as shown
A B
–Q + 2Q
Dipole moment of the system is p p p 1 2 3
p2
⎛ iˆ ˆj ⎞ p1
= –Qx ĵ + 2Qx ⎜ ⎟ – Qx iˆ
y
⎜ 2 2 ⎟⎠
⎝ p3
D C x
= Qx [( 2 1) iˆ ( 2 1) ˆj ] +Q, +Q, – 2Q –Q
⎛ 3 2 4 ⎞ˆ 3
Net field = ⎜⎜ ⎟i
⎟
⎝ 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 ⎠ 2 0
ˆ
= i
0 2 0
2
2 0
4
2 0
43. Answer (1)
U= pE
2k ( p) (2p ) 4kp 2
U= =
d3 d3
12kp 2 3p2
F (attractive, as U is negative) = | Derivative of U w.r.t. d| = =
d4 0 d 4
kq kq
VA = , VB = A B
r r +q –q
2kq
V = V A – VB = d
r
q r
C= = = 20r
V 2k
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46. Answer (2)
Consider a plane consisting the charges (say x-y plane) and let the charges be located at (–1.5d, 0) and (1.5d, 0).
Potential at any point (x, y) in x–y plane.
kq k ( 2q )
V= + =0
2
( x 1.5d ) y 2
( x 1.5d )2 y 2
q2
Force E
2 0 A
As q= Kq = rq
E2 E12r
E
K 0
= K0 E
= 2.2 × 8.85 ×10–12 × 3 ×104 6 × 10–7 C/m2
ab 40ab
C1 40 , C2 40 b
(b a ) (b a)
50. Answer (2)
Charge upon small element
Q Qd
dQ Rd
2R 2
ENett 0 E1 E2
Qd ˆ
E2 k j
2 R 2
51. Answer (1)
q2 x2
H U
2c 2y
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3ˆ 3 ˆ p1 = ql
ql
i ql j
2 2
54. Answer (2)
⎛ E ⎞
= |F ||P |⎜ ⎟
⎝ x ⎠
⎡ 1 Q⎤
= P x ⎢ 4 2 ⎥
⎣ 0 x ⎦
1 2PQ
= 4 3
0 x
( F attractive type )
qp 1 kqp
= 7 7
3
40 mr 2 2mr 3
k pE sin
k …(i) z
E 2 3E1j
T2 ( p cos i p sin j ) 3E1j
k 3 pE1 cos
k …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
pE sin 3 pE cos
tan 3
= 60°
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56. Answer (1)
1 ⎡ q q ⎤
Vconductor = 0 ⎢ ⎥
40 ⎣x R⎦
R
q q
x
dq qR dx qR
I v
dt x 2 dt x2
57. Answer (1)
dV
E( x ) 2
dx
∫ dV ∫ 2dx
V2 – V1 = 2[x2 – x1]
V – 0 = 2[2 – 0]
V=4V
∫ dV ∫ 30 x 2dx
VO 0
1 q2 1 q2
W = U1 – U2 = 3 3 = – 27 kJ
40 l 4 0 l
59. Answer (3)
dV
At two points, in the region –a < y < a and y < –a, V is zero. Also E = = 0 in the region y < –a. V +, at
dy
points near +Q. V at points near –3Q. Also, V at y = Considering all these facts, graph can be
sketched.
60. Answer (4)
Enet = E external + E induced = 0 inside metal
E external
k= = for metal
Enet
Thus E induced = E external for metal 5R
61. Answer (2) –
Force experienced by outer shell due to inner – –
shell = zero, by symmetry. Outer shell + +
experiences force due to point charge only. – + R+ – 4Q
+ +
1 2Q 4Q 2Q 2 – 3R
F = = –
4 0 (5R ) 2
25 0 R 2 –
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J
S.I. unit of dielectric strength =
Cm
64. Answer (2)
If equivalent capacitance of the circuit between terminals of the battery is C the given circuit is equivalent to
2C 2C 2C 2C
A A
C C C C
C
B B
2CC
Thus, equivalent capacitance = C = C
2C C
C = 2C
1
Heat generated = CV2 = CV2
2
65. Answer (4)
Net charge on the ring = zero and every point of the ring is distant r from the centre
kqnet
V= =0
r
66. Answer (2)
0 A 0 A 3 0 A
C= = =
d1 d 2 d d d d d 10d
...
k1 k 2 1 1 3 1
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67. Answer (4)
A negatively charged particle experiences force opposite to the direction of electric field. So this statement is
incorrect to assert.
68. Answer (2)
Let E1 and E2 represent field due to the shell (with hole) and field due to charge on material which has been
punched out to form hole. When the shell has not been punched,
At P : Net field = 0 = E1 – E2 + Q
+ +
P
At Q : Net field = = E1 + E2
0 + +
+
E1 = +
2 0
69. Answer (2) + +
+
E
D –(q
–q
C ) +(q –q)
–q
5a B –q
(q –
+q
A
q)
4a +q
3a a
2a
VC = 0
kq kq kq ' kq ' k q ' q k q ' q k q ' q
0
3a 3a 3a 4a 4a 5a 5a
3q
q'
4
kq kq kq ' kq ' k q ' q k q ' q k q ' q
VA
2a 3a 3a 4a 4a 5a 5a
kq
VA
6a
kq kq kq ' kq ' k q ' q k q ' q k q ' q
VD
4a 4a 4a 4a 4a 5a 5a
kq
VD
16a
kq ⎛ kq ⎞ kq ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ 11kq
VA VD ⎜ ⎟
6a ⎝ 16a ⎠ a ⎢⎣ 6 16 ⎥⎦ 48a
70. Answer (1)
⎡ 2 ⎤ 2 ⎡ 2 ⎤
W ln ⎢ ln ⎢
2 0 ⎣ 2 2 ⎦ 2 0 ⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦
⎥
3 ⎛ 1 ⎞
W ln ⎜
2 0 ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
3
W ln 2
4 0
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3Q 4Q Q
=
2 3 6
72. Answer (2)
'L L
2 2 0r 2
' L2
8 0r
' L2 12
⇒
I 8 0 r mL2
3 '
2 0m r
73. Answer (2)
C C 5C
Ceff C Ceff
3 3 3
kQ 9 104 42 10 –6
E 420 N/C
r2 30 30
3 C/2
=
where C = 4 F
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74. Answer (2)
In a conductor of non-uniform cross-section, current remains same at all cross-sections but current-density
changes as
i
j
A
j
Vd
ne
Since j changes, Vd also changes along the length of conductor.
E = j ; ( is resistivity)
So, electric field (E) also changes along the length of conductor.
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 8 F 8 F 8 F 8 F
3 3 3 3
8 8 8 8 250 V 250 V 250 V 250 V
1000 V
1000 V
∫
0
∫
dq 10e 2t .dt
0
Q = 5 coulomb
76. Answer (4)
1 1 1
R R1 R2
A1 A2 A A
1 2
.l 1.l 2 .l
1 2 ( A1 A2 )
A1 2 A21
77. Answer (3)
i 2R
0.9 ; R - load; r - internal resistance of cell
i
iR
0 .9
.R ⎛ ⎞
= 0.9; ⎜∵ i ⎟
(R r ). ⎝ Rr ⎠
R
0.9 R = 9r
Rr
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V
R gives the definition of resistance, in general. In case of ohmic-conductor, R is constant V I (ohm’s
I
law). In the case of non-ohmic conductors, R changes as applied voltage changes e.g. in semi-conductors.
E j is the correct relation.
79. Answer (2)
Resistivity is equal to the resistance of a material having unit area of cross-section and unit length. So, it
does not depend upon the size of the body.
In metallic conductors,
eE
Vd
m
Relaxation time, ; - mean free path
Vrms
Also, Vrms T
1
So, Vd
T
But in the case of semi-conductors, resistivity decreases with increasing temperature.
80. Answer (3)
Suppose the polarity of n cells are reversed
(32 2n ) volt
i
32
+ ir = 1.5 – ir = 0.5
32 2n 32 2n
1 1 1 .5 1 1 0 .5
32 32
n=8 n=8
81. Answer (4)
Potential difference across three resistors is same. So, three resistors are in parallel combination.
1 1 1 1
R 3 6 2
R=1
5
i 5A
1
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 207
R
This is a balanced Wheat stone-bridge.
R
Hence, R AB
2
84. Answer (2)
The given circuit could be modified as
R R
R R R R ⇒ R R R R
A R O R B A R R B
On account of symmetry of circuit about a vertical line through O, the junction at O could be removed. Then
circuit becomes a series and parallel combination of resistors.
8R
R AB
7
85. Answer (2)
Suppose RAB = x
The given circuit could be equivalently represented as, r
A
2 x.2r
xr x 2r 2x
2 x 2r
(x – r) (x + r) = 2x.r B
x2 – 2rx – r2 = 0
2r 4r 2 4r 2
x (1 2 ).r
2
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208 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
R R R V3 R E R V3
A V1 V2 V1 V4
Potential at different points of circuit have been shown. Resistors having same potential difference could be
treated in parallel. Accordingly, circuit could be re-arranged as
R
V1 2 V2
A
R
R 2
E
V3 V4
3R
R AE
2
87. Answer (2)
According to maximum power transfer theorem, power supplied to load is maximum if R = r
E
Current, i
Rr
Current is maximum when R = 0, but power transfer to load is maximum when R = r.
E
If R << r, then i = constant
r
E 2R
Power supplied to load, P i 2R
(R r ) 2
At R = 0, or at R = , P = 0
r r
=
R
Req = R/2 Eeq
R E
mE E R
I
mr R r
R
n m n
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 209
Current in the circuit will be maximum when
R r
= minimum
m n
⎛R r ⎞
d⎜ ⎟
⎝m n⎠ 0
dn
R r
0 ; (m × n = N = constant)
N n2
R r R m
or
m n r n
Putting this result into the expression of current
E nE
Imax =
r r 2r
n n
According to maximum power transfer theorem, power supplied to load is maximum when
R = req.
mr
R
n
R m
r n
So, power transfer to load is maximum when current in circuit is maximum.
2 n 2E 2
Maximum power to load, Pmax Imax .R .R .
4r 2
89. Answer (4)
Let H be the amount of heat required to boil the given water.
V2 V2 H
H t1
R1 R1 t1
V2 V2 H
H t2
R2 R2 t 2
1 1 1
R R1 R2
V2 V2 V2
R R1 R2
H H H
t t1 t 2
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210 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
1 1 1
t t1 t 2
t1 t 2 30 60
t = 20 min.
t1 t 2 30 60
V2
H t …(i)
R
R
In the latter case, Req.
4
V2
H t …(ii)
R
4
t
(i) and (ii) t
4
91. Answer (3)
V2
H P.t .t
R
t
= constant
R
tRL
tL
92. Answer (3)
In series combination of bulbs,
1
P R
W
where, P is power consumption and W is wattage of bulb.
In parallel combination of bulbs,
1
Pi W
R
2500
I 11.36
220
I = 12 A.
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 211
93. Answer (4)
Let R be the resistance of heater and r be the resistance of each bulb.
Before the bulb gets fused,
V
Current through heater (i )
r
R
2
VR
Voltage across heater = iR
r
R
2
r
V.
r 2 Vr
Voltage across bulbs = i .
2 r 2R r
R
2
After one bulb get fused,
V
Current through heater (i) =
Rr
VR
Voltage across heater = i R =
Rr
Vr
Voltage across remaining bulb = i r =
Rr
A comparison shows that,
Potential difference across heater decreases Power output of heater decreases.
Current through heater decreases.
Potential difference across remaining bulb increases Brightness of the remaining bulb increases.
R1 l
R2 (100 – l )
R2 (l – 10)
R1 (110 – l )
⎛ 55 ⎞
R1 R2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 45 ⎠
R1 + R2 = 1000
R1 = 550
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212 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
V2
PA
RA
2
⎛ RB .V ⎞ 1 2 RB
PB ⎜⎜ ⎟ .
⎟ R V . (R R ) 2
⎝ RB RC ⎠ B B C
2
⎛ RC .V ⎞ 1 2 RC
PC ⎜⎜ ⎟ .
⎟ R V . (R R ) 2
⎝ RB RC ⎠ C B C
∵ PA = PB = PC
1 RB RC
2
R A (RB RC ) (RB RC )2
RB RC
2
(RB RC ) (RB RC )2
RB = RC WB = WC …(i)
1 R
B2
R A 4RB
1 1 1
.
R A 4 RB
RA = 4 RB
WB = 4 WA …(ii)
(i) and (ii) WB = WC = 4 WA
WA : WB : WC = 1 : 4 : 4
96. Answer (2)
We may define equivalent cell,
6 1 3 2
0 4V
1 2
2 1 2
r0
2 1 3
According to maximum power transfer theorem,
R
r0
2
4
R = 2r0 =
3
97. Answer (3)
i0
Suppose at t = 0 i = i0
⎛i ⎞
then i = i0 ⎜ 0 ⎟ t
⎝ t0 ⎠
Total charge flown in the circuit, O t0
1
q= i 0 . t0
2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 213
2q
i0 =
t0
⎛ t ⎞
hence i = i0 ⎜ 1 ⎟
⎝ t0 ⎠
2q ⎛ t ⎞
i = ⎜1 ⎟
t0 ⎝ t0 ⎠
Now at t = t, heat produced in interval dt
dH = i2Rdt
Total heat produced in circuit,
t0 2 4q 2R
H= ∫0 i Rdt =
3t0
98. Answer (3)
From Kirchoff’s law,
VQ + 150 – i × 2 = VP
150 50
where i = A = 20 A
5
12 V, 1 x
x +y 10
7 23
Solving x A, y A
16 32
V = 10(x + y) = 11.56 V
2
Aliter : req , R = 10
3
Eeq E1 E2 37
⇒ Eeq V
req r1 r2 3
Eeq
V R 11.56 V
R req
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214 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
Ig (Rg )
RS (shunt resistance) = 0.01
I Ig
5V 10
100 = 100Rv
50
100 Rv
100 Rv
⇒ = 50
100 Rv
⇒ RV = 100
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 215
102. Answer (4)
103. Answer (3)
In BEA, B 4V
4 – 2i1 – (i1 + i2) = 2
2
2 = 3i1 + i2 ....(i)
A 1 i1 1 6V
6 – i2 – (i1 + i2) = 2 2 V (i1+i2) Ei2 C
4 = i1 + 2i2 ....(ii) 2
i1
(ii) × 3 – (i) ⇒
+4 V D
12 – 2 = 5i2
i2 = 2
i1 = 0
⇒ Current in AE = i1 + i2 = 2 + 0 = 2 A
104. Answer (3)
Given i = i0sint
1 1
⎡ cos t ⎤ i0 2i 0
Q i0 ∫
0
sin tdt = i 0 ⎢
⎣ ⎥ = [cos cos 0] =
⎦0
∫ idt
dq
i ⇒dq idt q = = Area of figure bounded by graph and time axis
dt
106. Answer (2)
In loop (1)
10 – i1R – 6 + 3i2 = 0 ...(i)
In loop (2)
6 – (i1 + i2) × 6 – 3i2 = 0 ...(ii)
4 3i 2
(i) ⇒ i1 =
R
Putting in (ii)
⎛ 4 3i 2 ⎞
9i2 + 6 ⎜ ⎟ =6
⎝ R ⎠
⎛ 18 ⎞ 24
i2 ⎜ 9 ⎟ = 6
⎝ R ⎠ R
24
6
R
i2 =
18
9
R
24
6
4 3 R
18 ⎛ 18 ⎞ ⎛ 24 ⎞
9 4⎜9 ⎟ 3⎜6
R ⎝ R⎠ ⎝ R ⎟⎠
i1 = =
R ⎛ 18 ⎞
⎜9 R ⎟ R
⎝ ⎠
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216 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
2
⎡ 54R 144 ⎤
P = i12R = ⎢ 2 ⎥ R
⎣ 9R 18R ⎦
dP
0
dR
R=2
107. Answer (3)
4 1
i= =1A
3
Since cell A is delivering current therefore, potential difference across it
V = EA – i RA
= 4 – 1 × 1 = 3 Volt
108. Answer (4)
6
k = V/cm
100
u=h.
4 4 200
= = =
k 6 3
100
109. Answer (3)
6R 3 R
Rnet = R = 3R
6 R 3R
Tnet = CRnet = C × 3R
110. Answer (1)
The capacitor can be replaced by a closed switch
111. Answer (1)
To convert galvanometer into ammeter, it is shunted.
⎛ 1 ⎞
R G⎜ ⎟
I
⎜ 1⎟
⎜ Ig ⎟
⎝ ⎠
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 217
8 1
8 G 5
G = 32
114. Answer (4)
Vg = Ig.G
= (5 × 10–3) × 200 = 1 volt
V = 10 volt
⎛V ⎞
R G⎜ 1⎟
⎜ Vg ⎟
⎝ ⎠
= 200(10 – 1) = 1800
115. Answer (3)
10
I = current through potentiometer wire =
100 R
Potential drop across 4 m length of wire = 40 I
40 I = 2
10
40 2
100 R
R = 100
116. Answer (2) J
Circuit could be re-arranged as shown
Since deflection of galvanometer is zero.
B D, A
This is a balanced Wheatstone bridge. G
4 1 l 4 8
8 l
C
2
l m
3
117. Answer (1)
At null point no current passes through the galvanometer. So any change in galvanometer is not going to affect
the result.
If potentiometer wire is replaced keeping length same, then potential gradient across it is not changing. So
balancing length won’t change.
If Ep is increased, potential gradient will increase. Hence balancing length will decrease. So, balance point
will shift nearer to A.
118. Answer (4)
Equivalent circuit to find out the time-constant is
A
R
2R C
B
RAB = R
Time-constant = RC
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218 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
q q
20 10 0
3 6
q = 20 C
120. Answer (3)
Time-constant = RC
Saturation-charge on capacitor = q0 = EC
∵ q = q0(1 – e–t/RC)
or, q = EC(1 – e–t/RC)
E 2E
i
R 2 R
122. Answer (4)
18 1 12 2 42
Equivalent cell, E 0 14 V
1 2 3
Q = CE0 = 14 × 2 C = 28 C
V .R V .2R
VBA V
R 2R
Voltage across capacitor = 0
Charge on capacitor = 0
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 219
124. Answer (2)
Volume remains constant
7 2 9
3r 2 l r l ' ⇒ l ' l
3 7
l
Ri
3r2
9 l 2r
dr '
Rf
7r ∫ r r '2
2r
9 l ⎡ 1⎤
Rf ⎢⎣ r ' ⎥⎦
7r r
9 l ⎡ 1 1⎤
Rf ⎢⎣ 2r r ⎥⎦
7r
9 l
Rf
14 r 2
Rf 9 l 3 r 2
Ri 14 r 2 l
Rf 27
Ri 14
125. Answer (2)
8 8V
16V
B A VA
VB = –4V , 3
6 VA = 12V
V =0 VB
4V
2t
E2 E2 ⎡ 2t / ⎤
∫
Heat dissipated =
0
i 2 R dt
R ∫
0
e dt
R ⎢⎣ 2 e ⎥⎦
0
1 1
CE 2 e 2 1 CE 2 1 e 2
2 2
1
CE 2 1 0.16
2
= 0.42 CE2
1
Now, 0.42 CE2 = kA2
2
0.21 C
A 2E
k
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220 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
5 10
i i1 (i1–i2) i2
i2 i1 i
10 5
V
Applying Kirchhoff's law
5i1 + 10i2 = V
V
i1 + 2i2 = ...(i)
5
V
3i1 – i2 = ...(ii)
5
2V 3V
i2 , i1
35 35
V
i1 i 2 2A
35
Now, i 2 R t = C
4 × 5 × 60 = 100
= 12°C
128. Answer (2)
A current carrying wire remains neutral hence it produces only magnetic field but not the electric field.
A charge in rest produces electric field only but when it is in motion it constitutes an electric current. Hence a
charge in motion also produces magnetic field.
Magnetic field lines always forms a closed loop.
A magnetic field around a current carrying wire acts on compass needle hence it deflects.
129. Answer (4)
We know that, = Li
BA = Li
0 iA
= Li
2r
Lr 2
0 =
A
henry
unit of 0 =
metre
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 221
0 m1 m2
Also, F =
4 r2
A.m A.m
N = 0
m2
N
Unit of =
A2
0i T.m
B= Unit of 0 =
2r A
130. Answer (1)
F = q0 v B . Here v and B is parallel to each other.
F =0
131. Answer (2)
2
10 – 7 0.2
0 sin 3 8
B = (i dl ) 2 = = × 10–8 T
4 r 3 27
132. Answer (4)
0i
B=
2 r
1
B i and B .
r
133. Answer (3)
q
Equivalent current, i = = qf
T
Magnetic moment, = iA = qf (r2)
= (0.5 × 10–10)2 × 1016 (1.6 × 10–19)
= 1.26 × 10–23 A.m2
134. Answer (1)
In non-uniform magnetic field the magnetic needle may experience both a force and a torque.
135. Answer (3)
On the left half part of the loop the force F1 is repulsive and on the right half part of the loop the force F2 in attractive
but F1 > F2. Hence the loop will move away from the wire.
i0 i F1 F2 i
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222 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
0i
B= [cos 1 – cos 2]
4d
0i ⎡ ⎤
BQR =
4 r ⎢cos 2 – cos ⎥
⎣ ⎦
0I 0I
= [0 – (–1)] = , out of the page
4r 4r
⎛⎞ r 2
= q ⎜ ⎟ × r2 = q
⎝ 2 ⎠ 2
M q 5
= =
L 2m 2 10 10 – 3
1000
= = 250 C/kg
4
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 223
142. Answer (3)
B at the point P is Y
B = B sin iˆ – B cos ĵ P (x, y)
B sin
y x
= B iˆ – B jˆ B
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 X
I
B cos
( yiˆ – xjˆ) 0I ( yiˆ – xˆj )
= B =
x2 y 2 2 ( x 2 y 2 ) x2 y 2
0I ( yiˆ – xjˆ)
=
2 ( x 2 y 2 )
143. Answer (1)
Let us consider a ring of radius r and width (dr). The charge in the ring is
Q
dQ = × (2r dr)
R 2 R
2Q
dQ = (r dr)
R2 r dr
Current corresponding to this charge is
dQ 2Q
dI = = 2 (r dr)
T R 2
⎛ 2Q ⎞ 2
The magnetic field at the centre due to this current is dB = 0 ⎜ 2 r dr ⎟
⎝ R 2 ⎠ 4 r
R
0Q 0Q
B=
2R 2 ∫ dr =
0
2 R
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224 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
L L
R= a=
2 4
0 i ⎡ i ⎛ ⎞⎤
BA BB 4 ⎢ 0 ⎜ sin sin ⎟ ⎥
2R ⎣ 4 a / 2 ⎝ 4 4 ⎠⎦
BA 2
Now
BB 8 2
mv
also R =
qB
⎛ m⎞ ⎛ m⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ q ⎠ ⎝ q ⎠p
R > Rp
B represents -particle-path.
A represents proton path.
2mk
r
qB
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 225
147. Answer (1)
The torque acting on the coil is given by = Ni AB sin
maximum = Ni AB
maximum
The = only when = 30°.
2
i.e. the angle between B and normal to the plane is 30°. The angle between B and plane of the loop = 60°.
148. Answer (4)
Due to the electric field the speed of the particle increase along the direction of electric field and due to the
component of velocity perpendicular to B , the net motion will be on the helical path.
149. Answer (4)
Force acting on the charge particle is F = q E + q v B .
The particle will move with constant velocity only when F = 0.
E =– v B
i.e. E is perpendicular to both v and B .
150. Answer (2)
(1) If E and B are parallel to each other and also parallel to v . Then force by B field is zero and force by only due
to E , which is along v and particle will move in a straight line.
(2) If E and B are inclined to each other then force by a component of E is balanced by the force of B field and
particle will move in a straight line.
151. Answer (4)
A charge particle an move on a circular path only when a force acts towards the centre through the motion, which
is not possible.
Y
152. Answer (2) × × × ×
Force acting on the wire will be × × × Q ×
× P × × ×
F = I (PQ B ) = I (PQ) B0 ĵ
× i × × i ×
= I × 4 × B0 ĵ X
× × × ×
x = –2 x = +2
= 4I B0 ĵ × × × ×
⎧ 0I r
⎪⎪ 2
,0 r R B
B = ⎨ I2 R
M
⎪ 0 ,r R r
⎪⎩ 2r
0I
Bmaximum = ×R R
2 R 2
r
0I r=R
=
2 R
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226 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
1 1000
1000 mm = 2500 turns
0 .4
1m contain 2500 turns
n = 2500 turns/length
B = 0ni = 4 × 10–7 × 2500 × 2 = 2 × 10–3 T
155. Answer (4)
× × × ×
mv × × × ×
R = R
qB
× × × ×
20 10 –3 20 × × × ×
= v
21 × × × ×
= 0.2 m × × × ×
1m
The particle will return back and move in straight line. x=0 x = 1m
156. Answer (1)
0 i
B1 =
4 b
0 i
B2 =
4 a
Net field at O
0 i ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
B= ⎜ – ⎟
4 ⎝ a b ⎠
0 ⎧1 1⎫
I ⎨ ⎬ kˆ
24 ⎩ a b ⎭
0I (b a ) ˆ
k
24ab
I I
As one moves from A to B, field changes sign from positive to negative, becoming zero at mid point. As
one moves in region 3, from B to +, field decreases from a large value to zero.
= qE0 ĵ . (– L iˆ – a ĵ ) = – qE0a
This work done = (K.E.)f – (K.E.)i
2v
2
1 ⎛ v0 ⎞ 1 2
– qE0a = m⎜ ⎟ – m 0
2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2
1 v 02 1
E0 = m – m 2v 02
2 2 2
3
= mv 02
4
3
| E0 | mv 02
4
160. Answer (4)
= B
Here angle between and B is 0°.
= 0.
161. Answer (3)
Current in the wire is i =
R
F
lB
Force acting on the wire is F = i
R
This force is opposed by the frictional force.
lB
mg
R
lB
mg R
lB
minimum =
mg R
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228 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
2T sin = i (r) B
2 T
Since is very small T cos /2
sin = r
i (dl) B
2 ( r – r ) ⎛ r – r ⎞
2T. = i r B Strain = = ⎜⎝ ⎟ 2T sin /2
2 2r r ⎠
T = irB Hook’s Law T cos /2
T irB ir B (r – r ' ) i T
Stress = = =Y
A a 2 a 2
r
ir 2 B
r – r' =
Ya 2
163. Answer (3)
Time period of the particle is
2 m v0 mv 0
T = q B Pitch = T = qB
0 2 0
BC
P B
BA
× ×
A C
From the ampere circuital law for the rectangle shown in figure
P B
× × × × × × × × ×
B
l
2Bl = 0 Kl
0K
B=
2
165. Answer (1)
0i
The magnetic field is zero for 0 < r < a. The magnetic field is B = for a < r < b and the magnetic field is B = 0
2 r
for r > b.
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 229
166. Answer (1)
From the figure T cos = mg ....(i)
mv 2
T sin – q vB = ...(ii)
r
From equation (i) and (ii)
Y P
⎛ mg ⎞
⎜ ⎟ sin – q Br = mr2
⎝ cos ⎠
B
2 2 T
r l –r
Put sin = and cos =
l l q vB X
r
1
⎡ 2 ⎤2
⎛ T0 ⎞
⎢ ⎜ 2 ⎟ ⎥ mg
r = ⎢⎢l 2 – ⎝ ⎠ ⎥
2⎥
⎢ ⎡⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ qB ⎞ ⎤ ⎥
⎢ ⎢⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟⎥
⎣ ⎢⎣⎝ g T0 ⎠ ⎝ mg ⎠ ⎥⎦ ⎥⎦
⎛ N ⎞
The number of turns in this element is dN = ⎜ ⎟ dr .
⎝ b – a⎠
0 (dN ) I 0 I N dr
dB = = . .
2r 2r ( b – a ) r
b
0 NI ⎛ b⎞
B= ∫ dB
r a
= ln ⎜ ⎟
2 (b – a ) ⎝ a ⎠
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
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230 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
0 i 0 i 0 i
B j j j ...
2a 4a 6a
0 i ⎛ 1 1 1 ⎞ i
B j ⎜ 1 ...⎟ 0 ln 2 j
2a ⎝ 2 3 4 ⎠ 2a
171. Answer (2)
Restoring torque () = –i × r 2 × B sin
I
i r 2B sin
2
mr2
2i B
sin
m
As is small hence sin =
2i B
m
2i B
Thus
m
2
T
m
T 2
2i B
2m
T
iB
2 0.1
T
1 0.1
T 2 s
2
m = I(R2), m 2m I 2R
R 2R
0I
B1
2R
0I
B2
2 2R
B1
2
B2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 231
172. Answer (3)
B’ B’
P
a a
a 3 3
a/2
2 3
30°
a/2
a
a/2 a
2 3
0 i
B3 2sin sin
a
4
3
3 3 0i 3 1
B 2
4a 7 2
9 0 i
B
4 7 a
⎛ ⎞
imax 2 4 2 2 4 cos ⎜ ⎟
2 2
⎝ 6⎠
2 7A
0 imax
Bmax
2r
2 10 7 2 7 10
Bmax
7
Bmax = 4 T
174. Answer (4)
Fm B
8
x
3
175. Answer (2)
It will cover angle 2 before coming out.
176. Answer (3)
Fnet 3i 2 2 B
332 2 2N
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232 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
0 ⎡ 1 1 ⎤
B i ⎢ ⎥ sin 45 sin 45
4 ⎣ r1 r2 ⎦
⎡ 1 1 ⎤
10 7 2 ⎢ ⎥ 2 2 106 T
⎣ 0.050 0.10 ⎦
179. Answer (3)
∫ B.d i 0
3.83 107
i = 0.3 A
0
8 8
10 7 = 10 6 T
0.9 9
0 i1i 2
Initially Fm = mg mg ...(i)
2 r0
0 ii
Fm' = . 12 ...(ii)
2 (r0 x )
Restoring force.
Fx = Fm' mg
0 ⎡ 1 1⎤
= i1i 2 ⎢ ⎥
2 ⎣ r0 x r0 ⎦
0 ii x
= . 12
2 r0 (r0 x )
If x is very small
⎛ 0 i1i 2 ⎞
Fx = ⎜⎜ 2 . 2 ⎟⎟ .x
⎝ r0 ⎠
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 233
m
T = 2
k
0 i1i 2 1
2 r0 g
= 2
0 i1i 2
2 r02
r0 0.01
= 2 = 2
g 10
= 0.2 s
182. Answer (3)
10 103 10 7 i2
= 2 10
100 1.0
104
i2 =
2
100
i= A = 50 2 A
2
183. Answer (1)
184. Answer (2)
N a T
qvB
A T B a
mg mg
N + q v B = mg
Block will loose contact when N = 0
q v B = mg
mg
v
qB
mg – T = ma ...(i)
T = ma ...(ii)
Adding both equation, we get mg = 2ma
g
a
2
Now, v = u + at
mg g
0 t t 2m
qB 2 qB
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234 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
= M 2 M 2 2 M M cos
1
cos =
2
= 120°
187. Answer (4)
By the use of magnetic keepers, the self-demagnetisation of magnets is prevented.
188. Answer (2)
Resultant magnetic dipole moment = 2 M and it is making an angle 45° with the positive x-direction. So, point
P is in end-on position.
0 2 ( 2M )
B=
4 r3
189. Answer (2)
Bar magnet is subjected to the earth’s horizontal component of magnetic field which may be treated uniform over
the dimension of the magnet. A magnetic dipole experiences only a torque and no net force in the uniform
magnetic field. So, it can only rotate.
190. Answer (3)
Magnetic field due to a bar magnet is non-uniform. In a non-uniform magnetic field a magnetic dipole experiences
a force as well as a torque. So, it translates as well as rotates.
191. Answer (4)
U = – MB cos
= MB sin
dU
= MB sin
d
when torque is maximum, rate of change of potential energy with deflection is also maximum.
192. Answer (3)
At = 90°, = MB sin 0. So, there is no equilibrium at = 90°.
At = 0°, U = –MB cos . Potential energy is minimum. So, = 0° is a position of stable equilibrium.
At = 180°, potential energy is maximum. So = 180° is a position of unstable equilibrium.
193. Answer (3)
P point is a broad-side-on point for both magnets and it is symmetrically located with respect to both magnets.
Direction of magnetic fields at P due to both magnets is same.
0 Μ 0 Μ
B = +
4 r 23 4 r 23
4 0 M
=
r3
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 235
194. Answer (1)
Point O is symmetrically located with respect to all bar magnets. Further, point O is a broad-side-on point for all
magnets. So, all magnets will contribute same magnitude of magnetic field at O. But the contributions of any two
diagonally opposite magnets are opposite in direction. So, net magnetic field at O is zero.
⎛ ⎞ M 1.20 South B1 + B2 + BH
B1 ⎜ 0 ⎟ 3 = 10 7 = 1.2 × 10–4 T
⎝ 4 ⎠ r 10 3
N S
B2 = 1 × 10–4 T, BH = 3.6 × 10–5 T
Bnet = 2.56 × 10–4 T
r = 21.5 cm
196. Answer (2)
= I
So, angular acceleration is maximum when torque is maximum.
= MBH · sin
Torque is maximum when BH and M are mutually perpendicular.
BH makes an angle of 30° with geographical meridian.
declination = 30°.
197. Answer (1)
U = –MBH cos North
Potential energy is maximum when M and BH are mutually opposite. 20°
East
70°
So, BH should be opposite to M i.e. BH is 20° west of north.
M
Declination = 20°
198. Answer (4)
Component of BH in the plane of dip circle, BH = BH cos 90° = 0
⎛B ⎞
apparent dip, = tan–1 ⎜⎜ V ⎟⎟ = tan–1 () = 90°
⎝ BH ⎠
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236 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
⎛m⎞ M
M = ⎜ ⎟ (2l ) = ml =
⎝2⎠ 2
i.e. Dipole moment halves.
1 ⎛ mass ⎞ I
I = · ⎜ ⎟ (2l )2 =
12 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 2
i.e. Moment of inertia also halves.
T= 2
I
= 2
I 2 = 2
I
=T
M B M 2 B MB
i.e. time-period remains unchanged.
202. Answer (1)
M= 2 (m × l) = 2 ml = M
⎡ 1 ⎛ mass ⎞ 2 ⎤
I = ⎢ ⎜ ⎟·l ⎥2
⎣ 12 ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎦
1
I= × (mass) × (2l)2
12
I
I=
4
I
T = 2
MB
T I Μ 1 1
= = 1 =
T Ι M 4 2
T 2
T= = = 1 s.
2 2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 237
203. Answer (3)
M
Dipole moment of each part, M=
2
2 2
⎛M ⎞ ⎛M ⎞ M M 3
Dipole moment of assembly, M= ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ 2 cos 60 = M
⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠ 2 2 2
I
Moment of inertia of each part, I =
2
Moment of inertia of assembly, I = 2I = I
Μ 2
New time of period = T =4× 4.3 s.
Μ 3
I I
T = 2 = 2
MBH MB cos
TQ BP cos 60
=
TP BQ cos 30
2
P BP 1
or, 2 =
Q BQ 3
2
BP ⎛ 10 ⎞ 3
= 3 ⎜ ⎟ =
BQ ⎝ 20 ⎠ 4
1
m
T C
where, C is curie-temperature.
208. Answer (4)
In the case of ferro-magnetic substances, I is very large, positive and varies non-linearly with H. However, in each
case it attains a saturation value.
209. Answer (2)
Steel has large retentivity, large coercivity and large hysteresis loss. So, it is difficult to demagnetise it. Hence it
is suitable to make permanent magnets.
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238 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
I 7.5 10 –6 2
T = 2π = 2π = 1.06
MB 6.7 10 –2
0.01 10
For 10 oscillations,
t = 10T = 2π × 1.06
= 6.6568 ≈ 6.65 s
= ( 3 )2 + (1)2
= cot–1 (2)
213. Answer (2)
∵ tan = 2 tan
where is the magnetic latitude and is the dip angle.
2 = 2 tan
= 45°
214. Answer (2)
I
∵ m =
H
and = 0 (1 + m)
⎛ I ⎞
= 0 ⎜1 ⎟
⎝ H⎠
NI 100 i
3 103
L 10 10 2
I = 3 A.
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 239
216. Answer (2)
– +10 to +10 and r = 1 + m
Since m ~ –3 –5
0 2M
B
4 d 3
220. Answer (3)
30°
0 M S
Here 0.5 Magnetic
4 R 3 Equator
N
M
B 0 3 1 3 cos2
4 R
0 M 3
B 1 3
4 R 3 4
13
B 0.5 , B 0.25 13 gauss
4
221. Answer (2)
If = apparent angle of dip
V cos30o
then tan
H
V 3
tan
H 2
1
Given tan
2
1 V 3
2 H 2
V 1
H 3
If = True angle of dip
V
then tan 30o
H
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240 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
90
2, = 270°
90
223. Answer (3)
Net magnetic moment can be obtained by vector addition of the individual moments.
2M 2M sin 60°
3 M
2
3M 3M sin 60°
2 2
⎛ 3M ⎞ ⎛ 3M⎞
Mnet ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ 3M
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
500
i A
3
(500 )2
Loss = i 2R = 1.8 = 250000 × 0.2 = 50 kW
9
229. Answer (1)
The back emf is due to induced emf generated by rotating coil. The induced emf is directly proportional to speed.
230. Answer (3)
d B d (B.A.cos )
From Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction
dt dt
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 241
231. Answer (2)
Higher potential in the direction of v B i.e. towards right.
232. Answer (3)
20
Bv l (3T ) (10 sin 30) 3V
100
By Flemming’s left hand rule, positive charge in the rod will experience force towards lower end.
233. Answer (4)
The ideal inductor acts like a zero resistance path in parallel with it. So, finally the current through the bulb is
zero.
234. Answer (4)
(12 2) 0.5
emf 25 volt
t 0 .2
V2 25 25
Heat generated = t 0.2 25 J
R 5
235. Answer (2)
di
|| L
dt
⎛ 2A ⎞
10 = L × ⎜ ⎟
⎝ s ⎠
L = 5H
1 2 1
Energy U = Li 5 2 2 10 J
2 2
236. Answer (2)
Line power loss = i2R
P
Now, i
V
1
loss
V2
2
Final Power loss ⎛⎜ 5 10 2 ⎞
⎟ 10 4
Initial Power loss ⎜⎝ 50 10 3 ⎟
⎠
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242 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
0N 2 A
L 0 n 2 Al
l
1 L l
L ⇒
l L l
So, decreases by 1%
239. Answer (3)
di
V iR L = (2.0) (5.0) (100 × 10–3) × 20 = 12 V
dt
240. Answer (1)
Just after opening the switch the current in inductor is same as its value just before opening the switch. Since,
previously the switch has been closed for a long time, the inductor acts like a zero resistance path, so current is
i
R
t 1103
L 15 1/ 5 103
I I0 e , e 0.67 mA
R 150
4 ⎛ 180 5 ⎞
So, (BV )vl 0.4 10 sin 30 ⎜ ⎟ (10 ) 1 mV
⎝ 18 ⎠
1 d (0.1 2 60 ) sin(120 t )
|i |
R dt ( 2 .0 )
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 243
243. Answer (4)
As the current is decreasing induced current in the ring will be clockwise when seen from above. Consider two
diametrically opposite current elements on the ring.
F
F (along idl × B)
B B
So, net force on the ring is down, and its component tries to expand the ring.
244. Answer (1)
1 d 1 dB ⎛ 1 ⎞
i A ⎜ ⎟ (25 10 4 m 2 ) 20 (1000 T/s ) = 0.5 A
R dt R dt ⎝ 100 ⎠
247. Answer (2)
Self inductance L n2l
L
8
L
248. Answer (4)
As the loop moves, no flux change occurs. So, no current, force or torque is developed.
249. Answer (2)
1 2
From U Li
2
Energy
L
(Current) 2
L = [ML2T–2A–2]
250. Answer (1)
A = L2
A = v2t2
= BA = Bv2t2
d
or 2Bv 2t
dt
d
= 2 × 8.0 × (4.0)2 × 0.10 = 25.6 volt
dt
1 d
i 2.56 A
R dt
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244 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
dq
i= = – q0sint
dt
255. Answer (2)
As the current flows away from positive plate, the charge on the plates is decreasing. So, energy in capacitor is
decreasing. This implies that energy in the inductor is increasing. Hence, charge Q decreases, while I increases.
256. Answer (4)
di
M
dt
4
40000 = M
10 10 6
M = 0.1 H
257. Answer (1)
1 2 1
Li CV 2
2 2
Li 2 L 2
V= = i = 2.0
C C 4 106
= 2 103 Volt
103 V
258. Answer (4)
A leclanche cell is source of constant voltage. So, output across secondary will be zero.
259. Answer (2)
The electric field is the induced electric field. The electric field acts to increase the current I. So, it must have
been generated by the decrease in current I.
260. Answer (2)
Factual.
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 245
261. Answer (4)
Using L di
dt
(emf) dt volt second
L , So unit is
di ampere
262. Answer (4)
di
∵ in L
dt
263. Answer (4)
∵ M2 = kL1L2 where k is coefficient of coupling and value be 0 k 1
M2 L1L2
M L1L2
264. Answer (4)
B Wb Ldi
Since L and
I A dt
dt Vs
L
di di A
dt
1 2 J
And energy = LI ⇒ L 2
2 A
265. Answer (2)
⎡ t / RC ⎤
iCR
2R ⎢∵ iCR R e ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎛⎜ ⎞
t
Also i LR 1 e L/R ⎟
R ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
L
Now, when R , i LR iCR
C 2R
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246 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
dx
v
dt
⎛ B ⎞
BA ⎜⎜ 0 ⎟⎟ b(a x )
⎝ 1 kt ⎠
d
Now 0
dt
⎛ dx ⎞
(1 kt ) ⎜ ⎟ (a x )(k )
⎝ dt ⎠ =0
(1 kt )2
dx (a x )k
dt (1 kt )
x t
dx kdt
∫
0
ax
∫ 1 kt
0
⎛a x ⎞
ln⎜ ⎟ ln(1 kt )
⎝ a ⎠
x
1 1 kt
a
x = akt
dx
ak
dt
v = ak
276. Answer (2)
When the switch is shifted to position 1, current starts from an initial value and decays exponentially. When the
switch is shifted to position 2, L-C oscillations will occur. But the current in the inductor will rise from zero at this
moment.
277. Answer (2)
1 1
104 rad/s
LC 10 2
10 6
q q0 cos t
i (q0 )sin t
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248 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
Q 30 10 6 6
Q CV ⇒ V V
C 25 10 6 5
Ldi
Now, V
dt
6 di
0.60
5 dt
di
2.0 A/s
dt
279. Answer (3)
1 2 1
The capacitor must be able to store the energy of the inductor. So, Li CV 2
2 2
–
R/2 R/2
+
= Bv(2r)
4 8Bvr
i
Req (R / 4 ) R R
1 1
XC ⇒C
C XC
1 1
F
2 2 50 200
v0
i0 = current amplitude =
2
⎛ 1 ⎞
R 2 ⎜ L ⎟
⎝ C⎠
i0 v0
=
C 2
⎛ 2 1 ⎞
C R ⎜ L ⎟
⎝ C⎠
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 249
283. Answer (2)
Since vL and vC are in opposite phase
∫ i dt ∫ sin t dt
i0
0
Average current, i T /4
∫ dt ∫ dt 0
i0 4i ⎡ ⎛ 2 T ⎞ ⎤ 4i 2i
i
T
cos t 0
T /4
0 ⎢ cos⎜
T ⎣
⎟ cos 0⎥ 0 ( 0 1) 0
2
⎝ T 4⎠ ⎦
4
285. Answer (3)
E0
Erms
2
Emean 2 2
Erms
288. Answer (1)
Average power = P0
v0
r.m.s. voltage =
2
i0
r.m.s. current =
2
Phase difference between current and voltage =
we know that
v0 i0
P0 cos
2 2
2P0
i 0 cos
v0
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250 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
1
Reactance of the circuit X = XL – XC = L =0
C
v0
Current amplitude is maximum at resonance and is i max .
R
291. Answer (3)
1
xc
c
xC
292. Answer (1)
1
If the resonance frequency is then L
C
1 1
rad/s = 1000 radian/s
LC 2 0.5 10 6
293. Answer (3)
The phase difference between voltage across R and across L is .
2
⎡ ⎛ ⎞ ⎤
2
⎢ 2 ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢⎛⎜ 1 ⎞⎟ ⎜ 1 1 ⎟ ⎥
2 2
⎛v ⎞ ⎛v v ⎞ v0
i 0 ⎜ 0 ⎟ ⎜⎜ 0 0 ⎟⎟ ⎢⎝ R ⎠ ⎜ R 3R ⎟ ⎥
R
⎝ ⎠ X
⎝ L X C ⎠ ⎢ ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎣ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎦
2
1 ⎛2 1 ⎞ 1 25 34
v0 ⎜ ⎟ v0 2
v0
R 2 ⎝ R 3R ⎠ R 9R 2 3R
put R = 2XL
XC
put R
3
297. Answer (4)
Average power is defined as
v0 i0
P cos
2 2
(cos) is called power factor.
At resonance = 0 cos = 1
Also, heat is produced in resistor only
Heat produced in the inductor is equal to zero.
298. Answer (1)
Given
v0
v v 0 sin t cos t
2
2
⎛v ⎞ ⎧ v0 v0 ⎫
= v 02 ⎜ 0 ⎟ ⎪ sin t cos t ⎪
2
⎝ ⎠ ⎨ 2 2
⎬
2 ⎛ v0 ⎞ ⎛v ⎞
⎪ v0 ⎜ ⎟ 2 v 02 ⎜ 0 ⎟ ⎪
⎩ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎭
v0
Let cos , then
2
⎛v ⎞
v 02 ⎜ 0 ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
v0
sin
2
⎛v ⎞
2 v 02 ⎜ 0 ⎟
⎝2⎠
2
⎛v ⎞
v v 02 ⎜ 0 ⎟ sin( t )
⎝ 2 ⎠
v 02 5 v0
Peak value of v v 02
4 2
5 v0 5 v0
peak value of current =
2z 2 L R2
2 2
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252 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
49 15
64
=8A
peak voltage = 8 × 5
= 40 V
300. Answer (2)
Choke coil is L-R-circuit with R << L.
R ⎛ R ⎞
cos ~⎜ ⎟
(L )2 R 2 ⎝ L ⎠
3 3
cos 0.6
2
3 4 2 5
radian
=2
second
2
2 ⇒ T 3.14 s
T
given time interval is t = 0 to t = 17.27 s.
T
17.27 5T
2
3.14
5 3.14
2
= 15.70 + 1.57
= 17.27 s
Total charge flow in 5T = 15.70 s is equal to Zero
T
2
Total charge flow = ∫ i dt
0
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 253
T
5⎡ ⎤2 5⎡ T ⎤
⎢ cos 2t ⎥ ⎢ cos 2 cos 0⎥
2⎢ ⎥ 2⎣ 2 ⎦
⎣ ⎦0
5
[1 1] = 5 C
2
305. Answer (4)
A hot wire ammeter is based on heating effect, which is shown by both A.C. as well as D.C.
306. Answer (3)
v0 i0
Average power = cos
2 2
100 5 500
cos 125 W
2 2 3 4
0
Quality factor, Q
(2)
0 L
Q
R
0
308. Answer (3)
A choke coil has high inductance and low resistance, So as to consume least power.
309. Answer (1)
The voltage across L = 200 V
and voltage across C = 200 V
the circuit is at resonance
Hence, reading of voltmeter = 200 V
200
Reading of ammeter 8A
25
100 20 1 1000
2 2 2 2
20 1
iwattless = irms sin 10
2 2
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254 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
⎛ L ⎞ 100 1
Quality factor ⎜ ⎟ = 20
⎝ R ⎠ 5
311. Answer (4)
Power remains same
Pin Pout P
2 x tan30o dx
e B
dt
2
e B xv
3
4B 2 x 2v 2
Heat produced = ∫ 3R
dt
3a
4B 2v
∫
2
x 2 dx [v dt = dx]
3R 0
3a
4B 2v ⎡ x 3 ⎤ 2
⎢ ⎥
3 R ⎣ 3 ⎦0
4B 2v 3 3 a3
9R 8
3 B 2 a 3v
6R
x dx
a L
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 255
0 i
d Ldx
2 x
0 iL aL
∫
dx
2 a x
0 i L ⎛ a L ⎞
ln ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝ a ⎠
0 i L ⎛ L ⎞
ln ⎜ 1 ⎟
2 ⎝ a ⎠
vBl cos
T Bl cos
R
vB 2 l 2 cos2
T ... (ii)
R
vB 2 l 2 cos2
mg ma
R
vB 2 l 2 cos2
ag
mR
mgR
vT
B l cos2
2 2
i0
100
5
1 e
0.1 ln 2
0.1 ,i 0 = 10 A
E
i i 0 e Rt / L 1 e Rt / L
R
67
i A
16
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256 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
E 200 3
i 4 A
7
R 2 X L XC 502 502 4
2
3
318. Answer (4)
Factual knowledge.
319. Answer (4)
Factual knowledge.
320. Answer (1)
In the circuit shown in figure. The conduction current is from M to T but between the plates of the capacitor
conduction current is zero. Hence conduction current is not continuous.
T
S
C
R
N M
From M to T displacement current is zero. The sum of conduction current and displacement current is (Id +
Ic) = (0 + Ic). Between the plates of the capacitor Ic = 0
Id + Ic = Id
Since magnitude of Ic = magnitude of Id.
(Ic + Id) remains continuous.
321. Answer (3)
Magnetic lines of force will never be open loop. Hence, option (3) is wrong.
A charge in rest produce only electrostatic field.
A charge in motion with constant speed produces both electric and magnetic field but this field does not
change at a point with time.
An accelerated charge produces both electric and magnetic field but this fields changes with time at a
point and this changing field oscillates perpendicular to each other to produce electromagnetic wave.
322. Answer (1)
⎡ ⎤
The given electric field is E E 0 sin ⎢t x .
⎣ 2a ⎥⎦
The frequency of oscillation of energy = 2 × frequency of oscillation of E.
1
2 = 1 Hz
2
323. Answer (4)
E0 20
B0 8
6.67 10 – 8 T
C 3 10
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Electromagnetism 257
E
c E = cB = 3 × 108 × 20 × 10–9 = 6 V/m
B
E0
B0 sin( t kx )
C
1 1
Energy density of electric field 0 E 2 0 E 02 sin 2 (t kx )
2 2
1 2 1 E 02
Energy density of magnetic field B sin2 (t kx )
20 2 0 C 2
1 E 02 1 E 02 1
Average energy density of magnetic field c2 0 E02
4 0 4 1 4
0
00
2 ⎛ 2 ⎞
2⎜ ⎟
' ⎝ 0 ⎠
0
'
2
c
v
2
1 1 1
0 2 2 0 1
1 1
2 4
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258 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
C2
8.85 10 –12 2 10 – 4 m 2 1.5 10 6 V/ms
N.m 2
= 2.655 × 10–9 A
328. Answer (3)
The field due to current (either conventional or displacement) is normal to the direction of current.
329. Answer (1)
c0
cm
R.I
c0
r r
3 108
8
2 3 0.5 10 m/s
330. Answer (2)
0
Impedance of free space is 377
0
d 2Rh
IA
F 2
C
2 10 50 10 –4
N
3 10 8
25
10 –10 N
3
= 3.33 × 10–10 N
338. Answer (3)
1
I 0 E 02 C
2
2I
E0
0C
E0 = 200 N/C
339. Answer (1)
1 1 1
Average energy density = uav 0 E02 75 75
2 2 4 9 109
Energy stored in cylinder = U = uav × volume
625
U 1
8 109
U = 25 nanojoule
340. Answer (4)
2P
If P = power then F =
c
2P
a=
mc
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260 Electromagnetism Success Achiever (Solutions)
v = u + at
2Pt
v=
mc
2 × 50 ×106 × 3
v= ⇒ v = 100 m/s
10−2 × 3 ×108
⎛ x⎞
y = f ⎜t ⎟
⎝ c⎠
2 2
E E
r ms 0
S = ⇒S =
av μ c av 2μ c
0 0
Now, E0 = B0c
2
B
S = 0
c
av 2µ
0
−18
25 ×10 8
S = −7
× 3 ×10
av
9 × 2 × 4π×10
= 3.3 × 10–4 W/m2
343. Answer (2)
Polarisation is shown only by transverse waves.
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