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  • Family Neisseriaceae: Joy P. Calayo, RMT, MSMT UST Faculty of Pharmacy Dept. of Medical Technology

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    The Family Neisseriaceae includes five genera: Neisseria, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, Kingella, and Sutonella. The genera Neisseria and Moraxella contain species that are normal flora as well as pathogens of humans, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae which causes gonorrhea and Neisseria meningitidis which causes meningitis. Key characteristics of the Family Neisseriaceae include being Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, and testing positive for oxidase and catalase activity with some exceptions.

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    The Family Neisseriaceae includes five genera: Neisseria, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, Kingella, and Sutonella. The genera Neisseria and Moraxella contain species that are normal flora as well as pathogens of humans, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae which causes gonorrhea and Neisseria meningitidis which causes meningitis. Key characteristics of the Family Neisseriaceae include being Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, and testing positive for oxidase and catalase activity with some exceptions.

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    837 views18 pages

    Family Neisseriaceae: Joy P. Calayo, RMT, MSMT UST Faculty of Pharmacy Dept. of Medical Technology

    Uploaded by

    pixholic
    The Family Neisseriaceae includes five genera: Neisseria, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, Kingella, and Sutonella. The genera Neisseria and Moraxella contain species that are normal flora as well as pathogens of humans, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae which causes gonorrhea and Neisseria meningitidis which causes meningitis. Key characteristics of the Family Neisseriaceae include being Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, and testing positive for oxidase and catalase activity with some exceptions.

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    Family Neisseriaceae

    Joy P. Calayo, RMT, MSMT


    UST Faculty of Pharmacy
    Dept. of Medical Technology
     Family Neisseriaceae
     Members:
    ◦ 1. Genus Neisseria
     N. gonorrhoeae
     N. meningitidis
     N. lactamica
     N. sicca
     N. flavescens
     N. elongata (the only species that are not bean-shaped diplococci)
     Family Neisseriaceae
     Members:
     2. Genus Moraxella
    ◦ Subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis
    ◦ Subgenus Moraxella lacunata

     3. Genus Acinetobacter
    ◦ A. iwoffi
    ◦ A. baumannii
    ◦ A. calcoaceticus

     4. Genus Kingella (member of “HACEK”)


    ◦ K. denitrificans
    ◦ K. kingae

     5. Genus Sutonella
    ◦ S. indoligenes
     Genus Neisseria
     Key characteristics:
    ◦ Gm (-) bean-shaped diplococci
    ◦ Obligate aerobe
    ◦ Non-motile
    ◦ Oxidase (+)
    ◦ Catalase (+)
     Pathogenic to man: N. gonorrhoeae
    N. meningitidis
     Normal flora: N. lactamica
    N. sicca
    N. flavescens
    N. elongata
    Virulence Factors of Pathogenic
    Neisseria

     Pili- most important (Types I and II)


     Pili Types III, IV, V: non-pathogenic
     IgA protease
     Endotoxin
     OM proteins
     Protein I
     Protein II
    Microscopic morphology
    Microscopic morphology
    Colonies on Culture Media
    Identification of Genus Neisseria
    Neisseria BA CA NA MTM CTA 30% H2O2 ONPG
    species 250C 250C 350C (CHO test
    fermentation)
    G—M—L
    gonorrhoeae -- -- -- + + - - + --

    meningitidis -- -- -- + + + - - --

    lactamica + or + or + -- + + + - +
    -- --

    sicca + + + -- +/d + - - --

    flavescens + + + -- - - - - --

    B. + + + -- - - - - --
    catarrhalis
    Colonies of Family Neisseriaceae on CA

    Organism Appearance

    N. gonorrhoeae Gray-white

    N. meningitidis Gray-white, mucoid (due to capsule)

    N. lactamica Gray-white with yellow halo

    N. sicca Gray-white, wrinkled, adherent, (resemble


    bread crumbs)

    N. flavescens Golden yellow

    Branhamella catarrhalis Gray-white with wavy sides/borders


    (resemble wagon-wheel)
    Other biochemical reactions
    Organism DNAse test NO3 (Nitrate
    reduction)
    Neisseria gonorrhoeae - -
    Neisseria meningitidis - -
    Neisseria lactamica - -
    Neisseria sicca - -
    Neissreia flavescens - -
    Branhamella catarrhalis + +
    Genus Neisseria
     N. gonorrhoeae: causes STD (“tulo” or
    “clap”)
    ◦ Causes neonatal gonococcal eye infection
    (opthalmia neonatorum); treated by 1% AgNO3
    (Crede’s Prophylaxis)
    Genus Neisseria
     N. meningitidis: causes meningococcemia
    ◦ Other diseases: epidemic meningitis
    invasive meningitis
    Waterhouse Friedrichsen Syndrome
    (hemorrhage of adrenal glands)
    “pneumonia-like” meningococcemia

    o Virulence Factor: capsule


    o MOT: nasopharyngeal route through droplets
    or person to person contact
    o Rx: Penicillin
    Take Note!
     All members of Family Neisseriaceae are
    catalase (+) except Genus Sutonella
     All members are oxidase (+) except
    Acinetobacter
     Only B. catarrhalis and K. denitrificans are
    nitrate producers
     All are non motile
    Genus Moraxella
     Subgenus: Branhamella catarrhalis
    ◦ Gm (-) bean-shaped diplococci
    ◦ Obligate aerobe
    ◦ Non motile
    ◦ Oxidase (+)
    ◦ Catalase (+)

     Subgenus: Moraxella lacunata


    ◦ Same as with Branhamella, but the cells are
    gm (-) short coccobacilli in pairs
    Genus Acinetobacter
     A. iwoffi: non-carbohydrate fermenter
    colorless colonies on MacConkey

     A. baumanii: carbohydrate fermenter


    purple-lavender colonies on
    MacConkey

    Other characteristics: oxidase (-), gm (-)


    coccobacilli in pairs or in chains
    Genus Kingella and Genus Sutonella

    NO3 producer Indole production


    K. denitrificans + -
    K. kingae - -
    S. indoligenes - +
     Chapter 17
    ◦ Page 378: The Family Neisseriaceae
    ◦ Page 381: Table 17-2, Selective media for
    pathogenic Neisseria species
    ◦ Page 383: Table 17-3, Culture-based methods
    for ID of Neisseria and related species
    ◦ Page 385: Table 17-5, Characteristics of
    significant species of Neisseria, Moraxella,
    Kingella

    Additional readings: Mahon

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