a.

Pharmacological Management

GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

Paracetamol Relief for fever, minor aches Analgesic and Antipyretics. Paracetamol is readily >Take with or without meals.
and pain absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract with >Monitor vital signs and esp.
peak plasma concentrations temp – 38oc
occurring about 10 to 60
minutes after oral
administration. Paracetamol is
distributed into most body
tissues. Plasma protein
binding is negligible at usual
therapeutic doses but
increases with increasing
doses. The elimination half-life
varies from about 1 to 3
hours.

BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Paracetamol 250mg/tab 1 tab
Biogesic Anemia, Cardiac and every 4 hours PRN revised to Onset: UNKNOWN
pulmonary disease. Paracetamol 325 mg/tab 1 tab Peak: 1- 2 hr
every 4 RTC Duration: 3- 4 hours

a
 GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

Metronidazole Disrupts DNA and protein anti-infectives, antiprotozoals, Absorption: 80%, foods >Assess patient for infection
synthesis in susceptible antiulcer agents delayed peak levels to about 2 (vital signs; appearance of
organisms. hours Distribution: wide wound, sputum, urine, and
Metabolism: Liver Excretion: stool; WBC) at beginning of
Kidney (unchanged primarily) and throughout therapy.
Liver 6-15% Half- > Assess for allergic reactions.
Life: 6-8hours > Monitor renal function,
urine output & intake.
>Observe 10 rights
BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Flagyl History of blood dyscrasias, Metronidazole(Flaygl) Onset: unknown

active CNS disease 25mg/mL suspension 10mL Peak: 1-2 hours
TID Duration: unknown

b
 GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

Isoprenosine Treatment of various viral Antivirals Isoprinosine increased the

infections eg influenza A, formation of AZT-diphosphate >Do not store above 25oC.
rhinovirus, measles, metabolites and, more Keep the container tightly
encephalitis, herpes zoster, intensively, of AZT- closed.
herpes simplex labialis, triphosphate (AZT-TP)
hepatitis A, acute viral metabolites after 1 h >Observe 10 rights
hepatitis B, herpes genitalis; incubation
treatment of chickenpox,
mumps; immunorestoration

BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Patients w/ gout or renal Isoprenosine 250 mg/5mL Onset: unknown

disturbances. Supervise suspension 7.5 mL TID Peak: 2-4 hours
administration to digitalized Duration: unknown
patients. Pregnancy &
lactation.

c
 GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

>Isoprenosine Tablet As an immunomodulator for >Antivirals When administered orally in >Do not store above 25oC.
the management of patients man, Isoprinosine is rapidly Keep the container tightly
with immunodepression and completely absorbed ( closed.
suffering from viral infections 90%) from the
such as subacute sclerosing gastrointestinal tract and >Observe 10 rights
panencephalitis, varicella, appears in the blood
herpes simplex Type 1 & 2.

BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Isoprinosine should not be Isoprenosine 500mg/tab ¾ tab Onset: 1-2 hrs.

used in those cases where TID Peak: 2 hrs
there is a known Duration: unknown
hypersensitivity to product
components or in cases where
the patient is presently
suffering from gout or
elevated uric acid blood
levels.

d
 GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

Zantac Short term and maintenance Antacids and antiulcer ants. Bioavailability 50% for >Take with or after meals.
treatment of duodenal ulcer. increase the bioavailability >For Prevention of symptoms
Distribution: Wide associated with consuming
Metabolism : Plasma Protiens food / drink.
Excretion: Urine >Place in ½ glass of water and
(unchanged) allow to dissolve completely
Halflife :6-8 hrs. before swallowing.

BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Metronidazole(Flaygl)
Ranitidine Cirrhosis of the liver, impaired 25mg/mL suspension 10mL PO : 2-3 hrs.
renal or hepatic function. TID Onset : unknown.
Duration : nocturnal :
13hr; basal: 4hr.

e
 GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

H2 BLOCK Treatment of active duodenal Antacids and antiulcerants The pharmacokinetics of >Obtain history of pt
ulcer. famotidine were studied in underlying condition before
seven healthy control subjects therapy.
Maintenance therapy for and in 14 patients with > Assess for pain and
duodenal ulcer after active cirrhosis, following single oral inflammation. Check ROM.
ulcer has healed. and intravenous 20-mg dose Assess for adverse reaction.
administration, and after >Observe 10 rights
seven daily doses of 40 mg

BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Famotidine Cirrhosis of the liver, impaired Famotidine 20mg IV every 12 Onset: 1hr.
renal or hepatic function, hours Peak: 1- 4 hrs.
lactation. Duration : 10-12hrs.

f
 GENERIC NAME INDICATION CLASSIFICATION PHARMACOKINETICS NURSING CONSIDERATION

Furosemide Edema associated with CHF, Diuretics In humans, furosemide is 60- >Maybe taken with meals to
nephrotic syndrome, hepatic 75% absorbed following oral reduce GI discomfort.
cirrhosis. And ascites administration. The diuretic
effect takes place within 5 >Do not confuse lasix with
minutes after IV lanoxin ( a cardiac glycoside)
administration and within one
hour after oral dosing. >Give 2-4 days/week

BRAND NAME CONTRAINDICATION DOSAGE PHARMACODYNAMICS

Lasix Anuria; hepatic coma and Furosemide 125mg IV now PO, IM 30-60 min.
precoma ; severe hypokalemia then every 12 hours IV : 20-60 min.
and or hyponatremia; Duration : PO,IM:
hypovolemia w/or w/out 6-8hrs, IV:2 hrs.
hypotension.