BANGKOK DECLARATION

ASEAN
APTA
BIMSTEC

NATO too works on consensus basis

IONS- Indian Ocean Naval Symp

This is opposed by UNited fr consensus- a Block of nations opposed to UNSC reforms led by Italy, also called Coffee club, Tu
In SAARC, proposals to cooperate in 3 areas were signed - energy, road and rail; but only energy ws operationalised as Pak
IEA is an OECD body, India
Singapore
Thailand
Israel
Iran etc nt there

Don’t decide price

but control supply

Indonesia is also a member b

New name fr TPP-
Comprehensive Progressive
Trans Pacific Partnership, or
CPTPP

ISDS- Investor state dispute

settlement

one of 3 Mega FTAs

40% of world trade and 50%
of world population

Atpata sa - 6 members

INDIA+5 Burma etc

Mekong falls on border of Vie

South Asia minus 2, Myanmar

ADB, based in Manila (Philipi

ASEAN meeting ke baad

meeting hoti hai, 4 pairs aur
aa jaate hain

IBSA

IAEA
ICC vs ICJ

RABKK

Eg of Open REGIONALISM
along with APEC

Transports Internationaux Rou

INSTC
GCC

WEF

NPT

NSG

New Agenda for coalition

United for consensus

Wassenaar Arrangement-
CD…….. Formed in 1996
Australia Group- ABC

MTCR

Hague Code of Conduct

(HCOC),….Hague CoC is diff
frm Hague convention
which is fr children
abduction by parents

United Nations Treaty on

prohibition of nuclear
weapons- signed by 122
countries, all nuclear states
remaining away

Multilateral n legally
binding, shd be ratified by
50 states to come into force

In the vote on the treaty text, 122 were in favour, 1 voted against (

Org of Islamic Cooperation

IEA

Arctic Council

Nordic Council

Shangri La and ORF

Belmont Forum

1267
2322
2334

APTTA
Commonwealth

MERCOSUR

Ashgabat Agreement

AIIB

OPCW
 http://civils360.com/2017/04/08/international-organisations-regional-economical-groupings/

ASEAN ( Association of South East Asian Nations)

· It is a political and economic organisation of 10 South-East Asian nations
· Formed in 1967 through Bangkok Declaration
· Founding members: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand
· HQ : Jakarta, Indonesia
on consensus basis
ARF- ASEAN Regional Forum is meant to coordinate foreign n security policy
ASEAN performance analyse
hs helped in regional integration of the states
Multiple areas of cooperation between members include S&T, trade, infrastructre, innovation, agriculture

they hv taken same positions as a group on multiple global fora

Infact their way of working of non interference in internal affairs hs cm to be known as ASEAN way

Another measure of achievement cn be seen from the RCEP grouping which basically involves ASEAN+6
countries with which this grp has FTAs

Challenge
hs nt been able to control China's influence among member states which is using a policy of divide n rule

Cd nt get China to accept the standings of these states on SCS (or PCA ruling)
security concerns with IS gaining grnd in Philipines
Similarly, the grp ws nt successful in Rohingya crisi mgmt
Drug network thru golden triangle- Myanmar, Thailand and Laos
High tariff rates hain abhi

Need to strengthen integration in knowledge n cultural sectors

Current members are:

1. Indonesia
2. Malaysia
3. Philippines
4. Singapore
5. Thailand
6. Brunei
7. Cambodia
8. Laos
9. Myanmar (Burma)
10. Vietnam
Aim
o   Accelerating economic growth, social progress, and socio-cultural evolution among its
members,
o Protection of regional stability
o Providing a mechanism for member countries to resolve differences peacefully
‘The ASEAN Way’ means : Doctrine that the member countries will largely mind their own
business when it comes to internal matters of member countries
· ASEAN Plus Three: Was created to improve existing ties with the China, Japan and South
Korea.
India:
Has FTA with ASEAN (operational since 2010)
Shares border both land/marine
Large number of Indian origin people living in these countries

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)

· It is a regional economic forum of 21 Pacific Rim countries
· Established in 1989
• HQ: Singapore
· APEC’s 21 members aim to promote free trade throughout the Asia- Pacific region
· APEC account for about half the world’s trade
· It established in response to the growing interdependence of Asia-Pacific economies and the
advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the world. All economies have an equal say in
APEC and decision-making is reached by consensus. There are no binding commitments or
treaty obligations other than those agreed voluntarily by member economies on a case to case
basis.
· To allay fears that highly industrialized Japan (a member of G8 ) would come to dominate
economic activity in the Asia-Pacific region
· To establish new markets for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe
· India has requested membership in APEC, and received initial support from the United States,
Japan, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Officials have decided not to allow India to join for
various reasons, considering that India does not border the Pacific Ocean, which all current
members do. However, India was invited to be an observer for the first time in November
2011. China has consistently blocked India's case

BBIN ( Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal)

·It is a sub-regional architecture of these four countries
Aims to formulate, implement and review quadrilateral agreements across areas such as water
resources management, connectivity of power, transport, and infrastructure

BCIM Bangladesh-China-Inida-Myanmar
Aim:  greater integration of trade and investment between the four countries
· BCIM economic corridor is an initiative conceptualised for significant gains through sub-
regional economic co-operation with BCIM
· The multi-modal corridor will be the first expressway between India and China and will pass
through Myanmar and Bangladesh
· BCIM evolved from ‘Kunming Initiative- Joins Kumming to Kolkata, In India passes
through Manipur & Assam

BIMSTEC ( Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic

Cooperation) 
It is an international organisation involving a group of countries in South Asia and South East
Asia. Established in 1997 in Bangkok through Bangkok declaration. Bangladesh, India, Sri
Lanka, and Thailand were founding members. Now it has seven members.
Headquarters is in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Present members :
1.  Bangladesh
2.  India
3.  Myanmar
4.  Sri Lanka
5.  Thailand
6.  Bhutan
7.  Nepal
The main objective of BIMSTEC is technological and economic cooperation among south Asian
and south east Asian countries along the coast of the bay of Bengal . Commerce, investment,
technology, tourism, human resource development, agriculture, fisheries, transport and
communication, textiles, leather etc. have been included in it
· BIMSTEC uses the alphabetical order for chairmanship
BIMSTEC uses the alphabetical order for the Chairmanship. The Chairmanship of BIMSTEC has
been taken in rotation commencing with Bangladesh (1997–1999), India (2000) Myanmar
Current chairmanship
(2001–2002), Sri Lanka :(2002–2003),
Nepal Thailand (2003–2005), Bangladesh (2005–2006). and so on
4th summit will be in Kathmandu , Nepal in 2017.

BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa )- formalised in 2006
Originally the first four were grouped as “BRIC” (or “the BRICs”), before the induction of South
Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all leading developing or newly industrialized countries,
but they are distinguished by their large, sometimes fast-growing economies and significant
influence on regional affairs; all five are G-20 members. Since 2009, the BRICS nations have
met annually at formal summits. China will host the 9th BRICS summit in Xiamen on
September 3rd, 4th and 5th, 2017.
The five BRICS countries represent half of the world population; all five members are in
the top 25 of the world by population.
The eighth BRICS summit was held in Goa from 15 to 16 October 2016. The summit concluded
with adaptation of GOA DECLARATION. The objective of GOA DECLARATION is to “curb
terrorism “
NEW DELHI DECLARATION ON EDUCATION adopted in the 4th Meeting of BRICS Ministers of
Education in New Delhi, Jaipur ws fr women, Udaipur fr disaster mgmt
The theme for the summit was “Building Responsive, Inclusive and Collective Solutions”.
First-ever BRICS-BIMSTEC Outreach Summit was also held on side-lines of 2016 BRICS Summit.

The New Development Bank (NDB), formerly referred to as the BRICS Development Bank, is a
multilateral development bank established by the BRICS states. 57 countries members, invests
in developing countries needs, all hv equal vote share. Non BRICS can bcm members provided
BRICS share ds nt fall below 55%; Fortaleza mein sign hua tha formation ka agreement- isi
mein Contingency reserve arrangement bhi signed
The bank is headquartered in Shanghai, China. The first regional office of the NDB will be
opened in Johannesburg, South Africa.
The Ninth summit will be held in China.

G4- BIGJ
Members : India, Brazil, Germany and Japan
· All members support each other’s bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security
Council
Each of these four countries have figured among the elected non-permanent members of the
council since the UN’s establishment.
· Their economic and political influence has grown significantly in the last decades, reaching a
scope comparable to the permanent members (P5)
· G4 campaigns for U.N. Reforms, including more representation for developing countries, both
in the
permanent and non-permanent categories, in the UNSC

IBSA (for India-Brazil-South Africa )

All are Developing Democracies
· The forum provides the three countries with a platform to engage in discussions for
cooperation in the field of agriculture, trade, culture, and defence among others.

· IBSA was formalised and launched through the adoption of the “Brasilia Declaration"

Brasilia Declaration (2003) : Approved urgent need for reforms in the United Nations, especially
the Security Council.

G7
· The Group of 7 (G7) is a group consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United
Kingdom, and the United States.
· The European Union is also represented within the G7.
· These countries are the seven major advanced economies as reported by the International
Monetary Fund.
· G7 countries represent more than 64% of the net global wealth
· Common denominator among members is the economy and long-term political motives

The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA)

The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), formerly known as the Indian Ocean Rim Initiative
and Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC), is an international
organisation consisting of coastal states bordering the Indian Ocean. The IORA is a regional
forum, tripartite in nature, bringing together representatives of Government, Business and
Academia, for promoting co-operation and closer interaction among them. It is based on the
principles of Open Regionalism (non binding commitments) for strengthening Economic
Cooperation particularly on Trade Facilitation and Investment, Promotion as well as Social
Development of the region. The Coordinating Secretariat of IORA is located at Ebene,
Mauritius.
21 member states : South Africa, Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya, Madagascar, Comoros,
Mauritius,
Seychelles, Iran, Oman, UAE, Yemen, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Indonesia,
Singapore, Thailand, Australia and Somalia.
Myanmar, Maldives, Pakistan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Somalia are not members
The organisation was first established as Indian Ocean Rim Initiative in Mauritius on March
1995 and formally launched in 1997 by the conclusion of a multilateral treaty known as the
Charter of the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Co-operation.
The objectives of IORA are:
1. To promote sustainable growth and balanced development of the region and member states
2. To focus on those areas of economic cooperation which provide maximum opportunities for
development, shared interest and mutual benefits
3. To promote liberalisation, remove impediments and lower barriers towards a freer and
enhanced flow of goods, services, investment, and technology within the Indian Ocean rim.
IORA members undertake projects for economic co-operation relating to trade facilitation and
liberalisation, promotion of foreign investment, scientific and technological exchanges,
tourism, movement of natural persons and service providers on a non-discriminatory basis;
and the development of infrastructure and human resources, poverty alleviation, promotion of
maritime transport and related matters, cooperation in the fields of fisheries trade, research
and management, aquaculture, education and training, energy, IT, health, protection of the
environment, agriculture, disaster management.

The Mekong-Ganga Cooperation

The Mekong-Ganga Cooperation (MGC) is an initiative by six countries – India and five ASEAN
countries, namely, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam for cooperation in
tourism, trade, culture, education, as well as transport and communications. It was launched
in 2000 at Vientiane, Lao PDR.
Both the Ganga and the Mekong are civilizational rivers, and the MGC initiative aims to
facilitate closer contacts among the people inhabiting these two major river basins. The MGC is
also indicative
Efforts are alsoof the cultural and
underway commercial
to widen linkages among
collaboration betweentheMGC
member countries
countries in of the
SMEs,
MGC down theofcenturies.
conservation rice germplasm, health and pandemic management, establishment of a
Common Archival Resource Centre at Nalanda University and through Quick Impact Projects.

Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is an ambitious, comprehensive,
and high-standard trade and investment agreement being negotiated between the United
States and the European Union (EU). TTIP will help unlock opportunity for American families,
workers, businesses, farmers and ranchers through increased access to European markets for
Made-in-America goods and services. This will help to promote U.S. international
competitiveness, jobs and growth.On IPR side, it has stringent provisions like Data exclusivity
n Patent extension to 20 yrs
Its main three broad areas are:
o market access;
o specific regulation; and
o broader rules and principle s and modes of co-operation

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation- Beijing mein HQ

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), or Shanghai Pact, is a Eurasian political,
economic, and military organisation which was founded in 2001 in Shanghai by the leaders of
China, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russia and now INDIA n Pakistan. These
countries, except for Uzbekistan had been members of the Shanghai Five, founded in 1996;
after the inclusion of Uzbekistan in 2001, the members renamed the organisation. On July 10,
2015, the SCO decided to admit India and Pakistan as full members.
India and Pakistan signed the memorandum of obligations on 24 June 2016 at Tashkent,
thereby starting the formal process of joining the SCO as full members. The acceptance
process will take some months, by which they are expected to become full members by the
next meeting at Astana in 2017

SAARC
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is the
regional international organization and geopolitical union of nations in South Asia. Its
member states include.
 Afghanistan,
 Bhutan
 Pakistan,
 Bangladesh,
 India,
 Nepal,
 Maldives,
 Pakistan
 Sri Lanka.
SAARC comprises 3% of the world area, 21% of the world population and 3.8% of the global
economy. SAARC was founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 8th December, 1985. Its secretariat is
based in Kathmandu Nepal. The organization promotes development of economic and
regional integration. It launched the South Asian free trade area in 2006. SAARC maintains
permanent diplomatic relations at the United Nations as an observer and has developed links
with multilateral entities, including the European Union.
China is an observer along with EU US etc, Myanmar wants to be a member and Russia has
applied fr observer status

OECD
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental
economic organization with 35 member countries, founded in 1960 to stimulate economic
progress and world trade. The mission of the OECD is to promote policies that will improve the
economic and social well-being of people around the world. It is a forum of countries
describing themselves as committed to democracy and the market economy, providing a
platform to compare policy experiences, seeking answers to common problems, identify good
practices and coordinate domestic and international policies of its members. Most OECD
members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index (HDI) and
are regarded as developed countries.
In 1948, the OECD originated as the Organisation for European Economic Co-
operation (OEEC).In 1961, the OEEC was reformed into the Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development by the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development and membership was extended to non-European states.
The OECD headquartere at Paris, France. The OECD is funded by contributions from member
states.
LIST OF MEMEBERS COUNTRIES
 Australia
 Austria
 Belgium
 Canada
 Chile
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Iceland
 Ireland
 Israel
 Italy
 Japan
 Korea
 Latvia
 Luxembourg
 Mexico
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 Norway
 Poland
 Portugal
 Slovak Republic
 Slovenia
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 Turkey
 United Kingdom
 United States
PISA, which measures the knowledge and skills of 15-year-olds with questions designed to assess
their problemsolving capabilities, rates these two states at the bottom, with the scores in
mathematics and science falling way behind the OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
development) average…” India

G20
The G20 or Group of Twenty is an international forum for
the governments and central bank governors from 20 major economies. It was founded in
1999 with the aim of studying, reviewing, and promoting high-level discussion of policy issues
pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability. It seeks to address issues that
go beyond the responsibilities of any one organization. The G20 heads of government or heads
of state have periodically conferred at summits since their initial meeting in 2008, and the
group also hosts separate meetings of finance ministers and central bank governors. The G20
membership comprises a mix of the world’s largest advanced and emerging economies,
representing about two-thirds of the world’s population, 85 per cent of global gross domestic
product and over 75 per cent of global trade. The members of the G20 are
 Argentina,
 Australia
 Brazil
 Canada
 China
 France
 Germany
 India
 Indonesia
 Italy
 Japan
 Republic of Korea
 Mexico
 Russia
 Saudi Arabia
 South Africa
 Turkey
 United Kingdom
 United States and
 European Union.
The work of G20 members is supported by several international organisations that provide policy
advice. The G20 also regularly engages with non-government sectors. Engagement groups from
business (B20), civil society (C20), labour (L20), think tanks (T20) and youth (Y20) are holding major
events during the year, the outcomes of which will contribute to the deliberations of G20 leaders.

The heads of the G20 nations met semi-annually at G20 summits between 2009 and 2010.
Since the November 2011 Cannes summit, all G20 summits have been held annually.
Summit means PMs meetings and Meet means FMs meetings

OPEC
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is
an intergovernmental organization of 14 nations, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five
members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965
in Vienna (Austria). countries accounted for an estimated 42 % of global oil production and 73
% of the world’s oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices that
were previously determined by American-dominated multinational oil companies.
OPEC stated mission is "to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its
member countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets, in order to secure an efficient,
economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers, and a
fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry. The organization is also a
significant provider of information about the international oil market.
OPEC’s members are
 Algeria
 Angola
 Ecuador
 Gabon
 Iran
 Iraq
 Kuwait
 Libya
 Nigeria
 Qatar
 Saudi Arabia
 United Arab Emirates
 Venezuela.
Two-thirds of OPEC’s oil production and reserves are in its six Middle Eastern countries
that surround the oil-rich Persian Gulf. The formation of OPEC marked a turning
point toward national sovereignty over natural resources, and OPEC decisions have come to
play a prominent role in the global oil market and international relations.

TPP
The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), or the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA),
is a trade
agreement between Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Pe
ru, Singapore, the United States (until January 23, 2017) and Vietnam. It currently cannot be
ratified due to U.S. withdrawal from the agreement on 23 January 2017. The former Obama
administration claimed that the agreement aimed to promote economic growth; support the
creation and retention of jobs; enhance innovation, productivity and competitiveness; raise
living standards; reduce poverty in the signatories; countries; and promote transparency, good
governance, and enhanced labour and environmental protections. The TPP contains measures
to lower both non-tariff and tariff barriers to trade, and establish an investor-state dispute
settlement (ISDS)  mechanism.
The TPP began as an expansion of the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic
Partnership Agreement (TPSEP or P4) signed by Brunei, Chile, New Zealand, and Singapore in
2005. Beginning in 2008, additional countries joined the discussion for a
broader agreement: Australia, Canada, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, the United States,
 and Vietnam, bringing the total number of countries participating in the negotiations
to twelve. Current trade agreements between participating countries, such as
the North American Free Trade Agreement, will be reduced to those provisions that do not
conflict with the TPP or provide greater trade liberalization than the TPP. The Obama
administration considered the TPP a companion agreement to the proposed Transatlantic
Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), a broadly similar agreement between the U.S.
and the European Union.
RCEP
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a proposed free
trade agreement (FTA) between the ten member states of the Association of Southeast
Asian Nations (ASEAN) and some other nations with whom they have a FTA
 Brunei
 Cambodia
 Indonesia
 Laos
 Malaysia
 Myanmar
 Philippines
 Singapore
 Thailand
 Vietnam and the six states with which ASEAN has existing free trade agreements
( China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia,and New Zealand).
RCEP negotiations were formally launched in November 2012 at the ASEAN Summit
in Cambodia. The agreement is scheduled to be finalized by the end of 2017. RCEP is viewed
as an alternative to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a proposed trade agreement
which includes several Asian and American nations but excludes China and India. In 2016,
prospective RCEP member states accounted for a population of 3.4 billion people with a
total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $21.4 trillion, approximately 30 % of the world’s GDP.

APTA

About Asia Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA): The Asia Pacific Trade Agreement or APTA (formerly the Bangkok
Agreement) is an initiative under the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the
Pacific (UN ESCAP) for trade expansion through exchange of tariff concessions among developing country
members of the Asia Pacific Region.  The current membership of APTA consists of six countries or
Participating States (PSs), namely, Bangladesh, China, India, Lao PDR, Republic of Korea, and Sri Lanka. APTA
is also the ONLY operational trade agreement which links India and China, oldest Preferential trade
agreementbetween asia pacific countries

“The Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC) was

established on November 10, 2000 at
Vientiane at the First MGC Ministerial
Meeting. It comprises six member countries,
namely India, Thailand, Myanmar,
Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. They
emphasised four areas of cooperation, which
are tourism, culture, education, and
transportation linkage in order to be solid
foundation for future trade and investment
cooperation in the region.”

SASEC- South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation (SAARC se toot ke bana)

ADB ke HQ mein hi this organisation has headquarters because ADB proposed this. formed in 2001 in
response to the request of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal (BBIN) to assist in facilitating economic
cooperation among them. Sri Lanka and Maldives joined the sub-regional group in 2014. Myanmar in 2017
Consists of project based development, means all countries will come together for a project to be executed
Consists of all south Asian (SAARC) countries except Pak & Afghanistan
SL, Maldives, India, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh and now 2017 mein Myanmar

East Asian Summit

Learning: Membership of the EAS comprises the ten ASEAN countries plus other imp nations pairs mein
(Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Burma, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam),
China, India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Russia.
EAS meetings are held after annual ASEAN leaders' meetings.

IBSA signed BRASILIA declaration to support UNSC reforms

nt under direct UN control bt reports to both UNSC and UNGA, called atoms fr peace, also developed a
cancer trtmnt program PACT
ICC derives authority from Rome Statute, those who sign it become its members. It is a criminal court, tries war crimes, gen
Russia recently separated from it because it ruled against Russia in Syria case. It is independent from UN, Un may give colu
It comes handy when the national courts fail or the Govt itself is the perpetrator. Was set up when mass killings went up in
It ds hv an appeal mechanism too, there is an appeals council

ICJ on the other hand is UN Court also called World Court. It tries Governments, not individuals
Anyone who is a UN member automatically becomes ICJ member too.
They are binding and final (no appeals mechanism). UNSC gets them implemented
Kulbhushan Jadhav case, India has approached ICJ, Hague because Pak is violating Vienna convention(which
is for diplomatic relations, diplomatic privileges and safeguards)

EEU- formed in 2015

The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). EEU, comprising Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan,
formed in 2015, India has signed FTA with it

IORA

Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA): It is an international organisation consisting of coastal states bordering
the Indian Ocean. IORA was established in 1997 to promote cooperation in the Indian Ocean region. It was
formerly known as the Indian Ocean Rim Initiative and Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional
Cooperation (IOR-ARC).  The IORA is a regional forum, tripartite in nature, bringing together representatives
of Government, Business and Academia, for promoting co-operation and closer interaction among them.  It
is based on the principles of Open Regionalism for strengthening Economic Cooperation particularly on Trade
Facilitation and Investment, Promotion as well as Social Development of the region.  It seeks to expand
mutually beneficial cooperation through a consensus-based, evolutionary and non-intrusive approach. 
IORA is the only regional forum linking most countries on the Indian Ocean rim through an annual Foreign
Ministers’ meeting.  The Coordinating Secretariat of IORA is located at Ebene, Mauritius.  The
Association comprises 20 member states and 7 dialogue partners, the Indian Ocean Tourism Organisation
and the Indian Ocean Research Group has observer status.

It is a multilateral treaty concluded at Geneva in 1975 to simplify and harmonise the

administrative formalities of international road transport. It was adopted under the auspices of the United
Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE).
The TIR system has a globally accepted electronic control system for integrated transit operations.
TIR is the only global customs transit system that provides easy and smooth movement of goods across
borders in sealed compartments or containers under customs control from the customs office of departure
to the customs office of destination.
This will allow India to take full benefit of International North South Transportation Corridor or INSTC, which
enables access to Eurasian region., EEU and BBIN Network

The International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is a 7,200 km long multi-mode network of ship,
rail, and road route for moving freight between India, Russia, Iran, Europe and Central Asia. The route
primarily involves moving freight from India, Iran, Azerbaijan and Russia via ship, rail and road.[2] The
objective of the corridor is to increase trade connectivity between major cities such as Mumbai, Moscow,
Tehran, Baku, Bandar Abbas, Astrakhan, Bandar Anzali, etc
Trade Integration Initiative, Pacific Alliance
The Pacific Alliance is a regional integration initiative formed by Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru on April
28, 2011.
Its main purpose is for members to form a regional trading bloc and forge stronger economic ties with the
Asia-Pacific region.
India is an Observer Member to the alliance

GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL

Saudi Arab, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait,UAE
Common market region in the Gulf, rivalry around gulf area, so Iran and Iraq left out, mechanism for defence
protection as well.

WEF was established in 1971 as a not-for-profit foundation and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
It is independent, impartial and not tied to any special interests.
The Forum engages the foremost political, business and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agen

the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of
nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy,
and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament.
● Opened for signature in 1968, the treaty entered into force in 1970.

● Four UN member states have never accepted the NPT, three of which are thought to possess nuclear
weapons: India, Israel, and Pakistan. In addition, South Sudan, founded in 2011, has not joined. Rmember
IRAN IS a member, IAEA tabhi inspection bhi karta hai
North Korea joined it but then came out

Set up after India nucler test in 1974, to prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons
controls export of materials that cn be used to develop nuclear weapons
48 members, China scuttles our entry…cz works on unanimity principle
only NPT members r allowed bt exceptions r there..eg France joined it when it ws nt NPT signatory

Promote NPT & promote Nuclear disarmament Eg: NZ is one of these and ds nt favour India entering NSG-
Brazil, South Africa, New Zealand n others

Block of nations opposed to UNSC reforms led by Italy, also called Coffee club, Turkey is also one of them
Other Members in Coffee Club - Spain, Malta , San Marino , Pakistan , South Korea, Canada , Mexico,
Argentina, Colombia and Turkey

The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and
Technologies is a multilateral export control regime (MECR) with 42 members. India (42nd member) hs bcm a
member of it one yr after joining MTCR- credibility as a responsible nuclear power enhanced and access to
critical technologies also increased; acquiring nuclear fuel also easier. China is neither member of MTCR, or
Wassenaar..hence entry became easier
 The Australia Group is an informal group of countries (now joined by the European Commission) established
in 1985 (after the use of chemical weapons by Iraq in 1984) to help member countries to identify those
exports which need to be controlled so as not to contribute to the spread of chemical and biological
weapons. Biological and Chemical weapons both covered

India is now a member of all these groups.

MTCR- India 35th member, involuntary and informal org to control the export of missile technology and UAVs
(500 kg se more carrying capacity and range of 300 Km or more wali missiles). China, Israel and Pakistan are
not members of MTCR….woMD (chemical, bio or nuclear) ki delivery rokna

The International Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation, also known as the
Hague Code of Conduct (HCOC), supplements MTCR, was established in 2002 to prevent the proliferation of
ballistic missiles. HCOC is voluntary, legally non-binding, preventing the spread of ballistic missiles that can
deliver weapons of mass destruction. India joined the HCOC on 1 June 2016. The number of signatories of
HCOC is 138. China, Pakistan, Israel and Iran have not joined the
voluntary regime yet

Y?
- CTBT has nt been enforced due to non ratification by required no of countries
- Principle of deterrence is faulty, nuclear weapons is not the best way to keep away from danger of use.
Possession of nuclear arms makes the use possiblity very much real. aND Any use can jeopardise the survival
of the civilisation.
-
- Already smaller groupings opposing nuclear arms are in place such as New Agenda for Coalition, NSG, NPT
- ICJ asked UN to draft n codify principles for nuclear weapons ban after Marshall islands sued US for
radiation exposure from latter's culear tests
- ALready a complete ban on biological n chemical weapons is in place; Nuclear weapons being more deadly
shd naturally be banned
- Imminent threat is from North Korea- a totalitarian regime is threatening the use of nuclear weapons n nt
bowing to world pressure
on the treaty text, 122 were in favour, 1 voted against (Netherlands), and 1 abstained (Singapore

The OIC is an international organization founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states including
Iran and Pakistan. Administrative centre (headquarters) is in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In this
organisation, India is a blocked country, though it has about 12% of the world’s Muslim population.
India has been blocked by Pakistan from joining the OIC over Kashmir issue. OIC regard parts of
Kashmir as “occupied by India”.

Its Objectives: (i) Raise the collective voice of the Muslim world. (ii) Collectively work to safeguard
and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and
harmony. OIC has permanent delegations to United Nations and the European Union.
IEA is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization established in the framework of the
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
Founded in 1974, the IEA was initially designed to help countries co-ordinate a collective response to major
disruptions in the supply of oil.
Only OECD member states can become members of the IEA.
Except for Chile, Iceland, Israel, Mexico, Slovenia all OECD member states are members of the IEA.
In 2014, Estonia joined the IEA and became its 29th member.
China, India, Indonesia, Morocco, Singapore and Thailand are the associate members of IEA.
The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil, gas and coal supply and demand,
renewable energy technologies, electricity markets, energy efficiency, access to energy, demand side
management etc.
The IEA acts as a policy adviser to its member states, but also works with non-member countries, especially
China, India, and Russia.
Its flagship releases are World Energy Outlook and Key World Energy Statistics
IEA member countries are required to maintain total oil stock levels equivalent to at least 90 days of the
previous year's net imports.

Arctic Council Member States are Canada, Denmark (including Greenland and the Faroe Islands), Finland,
Iceland, Norway, Russian Federation, Sweden, and the United States of America.
In addition to the Member States, the Arctic Council has the category of Permanent Participants which
include various local institutions. India became a invitee member like CHina, Japan, SK, Singapore etc

Nordic Council – Iceland, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Sweden.

The “Shangri-La Dialogue”, an annual Asia Security Summit, is organized by

C. International Institute for Strategic Studies (UK) and the Singaporean Government
- This annual dialogue brings together defence ministers and military chiefs from 28 Asia-Pacific countries to
talk about security in the region.
It gets its name from the location of the meeting, the Shangri-La hotel in Singapore.
The Raisina Dialogue that is organized jointly by Ministry of External Affairs and the Observer Research
Foundation (ORF), an independent think tank based in India.

Grp of countries joining hands fr environmental research, India is one of the members

Masood Azhar name is nt getting added to 1267 list which bans the free movement of terrorist, freezes his accounts
For judicial cooperation among countries to try terrorists
Resolution against Israel

The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) is the process established in 2003 to prevent "conflict
diamonds" from entering the mainstream rough diamond market by United Nations General Assembly
Resolution 55/56 following recommendations in the Fowler Report.- India a founder member, ministry of
Commerce n Industry takes care of this. KPCS is a joint initiative of the governments, industry and civil
societies to prevent the entry of conflict diamonds from the mainstream rough diamond market

Afghanistan–Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement (also known as APTTA), India nt a member, allows Afghan to ship goods to In
APTTA allows for both countries to use each other's airports, railways, roads, and ports for transit trade along designated tr
The most recent departure was the Maldives, which severed its connection with the Commonwealth on 13
October 2016.

12. MERCOSUR
 Mercosur is a sub-regional bloc. Its full members are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.
 Mercosur suspended Venezuela from it for violating the bloc’s democratic principles and failing to meet its
basic standards.
 Its associate countries are Bolivia, Chile, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador and Suriname.

(capital of Turkmenistan)- India hs bcm a member, it will provide India alternative connectivity to Central Asia
(other is Gwadar airport and then Zaranj Delram Highway leading to Afghanistan). Iran, Oman, Turkmenistan
n Uzbekistan r d members earlier. Pak, Kajakhastan and India have bcm its members subsequently. It provides
T. & U. access to seas thru ports of Iran n Oman. The Iran-Turkmenistan-Kazakhstan (ITK) railway line will be
the major route according to the Ashgabat Agreement.

can finance developmental works in Asia n BEYOND. Non Asian countries can also bcm members
capital is smaller than ADB n also WB
set up in 2016 and has 84 members now

NON- UN body, administers chemical weapons convention

2013 Nobel Peace Prize
Tasks- promote the peaceful use of chemistry, Destroying all existing chemical weapons under international
verification by the OPCW, prevent new weapons from re-emerging.
India hs deficit with ASEAN, hw to tackle?
greater mkt access fr goods where India hs an edge eg leather n pharma
quality norms fr imports shd b strengthened to lower poor quality imports
seek greater access fr services sector such as BFSI
same year as IORA
Pairs wali countries mein se US Russia pair hata do
ASEAN+6 countries with which ASEAN has FTAs means 3 pairs of Asia
urt, tries war crimes, genocides etc..Tries INDIVIDUALS
m UN, Un may give coluntary donations to it though.
mass killings went up in Rwanda
egional and industry agendas.

China is nt a member of MTCR, Wassenar or Australia Grp

India signed agreement 123 with US fr nuclear supplies
tained (Singapore). 69 nations did not vote, among them all of the nuclear weapon states
eezes his accounts

fghan to ship goods to India bt not back to their country frm India
rade along designated transit corridors. The agreement does not cover road transport vehicles from any third country
ar weapon states and all NATO members except the Netherlands.
ny third country
Sl.No Report title
1 The Energy Report & Living Planet Report
3 World Intellectual Property Report (WIPR)
4 Global Competitiveness Report (GCR)
5 Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report
6 Global Environment Performance Index 2016
7 Global Gender Gap Report
8 Global Information Technology Report
9 Global Risks Report
10 Human Capital Index
11 Network Readiness Index
12 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report
13 World Power Language Index
Inclusive Development Index
14 Global Slavery Report
15 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons
16 World Drug Report
17 World Wildlife Crime Report
18 World Happiness Report

19 World Risk Index

20 e-government readiness index(EGDI)
21 E-Participation Index
22 Global Assessment Report
23 Industrial Development Report

24 Reports on Counterfeiting and Organized Crime

25 Report on Regular Resources
26 The State of the World’s Children report
27 The Global Report/Global trends Report
28 World Cities Report
29 State of world population

30 Global education monitoring Report

31 Actions on Air Quality
32 Global Environment Outlook
33 The Rise of Environmental Crime
34 Education Development Index
35 Gender Inequality Index
36 World human development report

37 World Investment Report

38 Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report
Global Corruption Report (GCR) (Both C. Barometer and
39 Perception Index)
40 World Press Freedom Index
41 Report card of Swachh Bharath Mission
42 OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report
43 World Oil Outlook
Agricultural Marketing and Farmer Friendly Reforms
44 Index
45 School Education Quality Index (SEQI)
National Index for performance on Health Outcomes
India Innovation Index
46 Southeast Asia Energy Outlook
47 World Energy Outlook (WEO)

49 Global talent competitiveness Index

70 Global Innovation Index

Global Financial Stability Report, Since 2009 one new
50 report started called Fiscal monitor
51 World Economic Outlook
52 Global Wage Report
53 World Employment and Social Outlook
54 World of Work Report
55 World Social Protection Report
56 Global Hunger Index report
Global Food Policy Report
57 Safety Reports
58 Ease of Doing Business
2 World Logistics Performance Index (every 2 years)
59 Ease of Living Report
60 World Development Report
61 Global Economic Prospect (GEP) report
62 Remittance report
Service trade restriction Index
63 Technical Cooperation Report
64 Nuclear Technology Review
65 State of Global Air 2017 Report
66 Global Wind Power Installed Capacity Index
67 Change the World List Data
68 India State of Forest Report
69 Global Money Laundering Report
71 National Air Quality Indices (AQI)
72 Global Financial System Report
73 Asian Development Outlook
Status of the Global Climate in 2016 report
World Malaria Report, global burden of diseases
Global Peace Index is published by
Indian India Exclusion Report
State of Food and Agriculture 2015
World Human Right Report
Quality of Living
World Youth Index
Trends in world Military expenditure
Global Inequality Report
Global cybersecurity Index
World Social Protection Report
Inclusive Development Index
Environmental performance Index
World Water Development Report
World Digital Competitiveness and World Talent Rankings
Rule of Law Index
Economic Freedom Index

IP approval in Multiple contries

Trademark approval in Multiple contries
Means no need to file separate applications across countries, single fee and single application

Project Brahma (The Biodiversity of India (BOI) website) community driven project, much like Wikipedia, whe

ILO, WMO both are members of UN

Vienna convention is for consular access (Kulbhushan Jadhav) which Pakistan is not adhering
Chemical weapon convention, 1993 for Chemical weapon prevention, OPCW imposes it, got noble prize for sa
Marrakesh treaty is for providing blind ppl IPR free, braile books…by WIPO with NGO- ABC accessible books co
Sugamya Pustakalay in India by dept of empowerment of PwD with NGO- Daisy Forum of India
Atlas for disabled by by the National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organisation (NATMO), office under Depart
Bcz survey is by Dept of S&T
Montreal …..is for airline emissions since airlines emissions were nt covered under UNFCCC

UDAAN aims to develop skills of youth in J&K; Other UDAAn is fr girl students from Govt schools including KV
UDAN is a cheap airfare scheme.
There is also one more UDAAN for girl children. (check page no. 27, Insights module on Govt Schemes)

Sanjay Gubbi of Karnataka and Purnima Barman of Assam have won the prestigious Whitley Award for their e
IUCN gives heritage hero awards- To NGO Aranyak activist based out of Assam- linking Manas with Royal Man
Goldman Environment Prize by foundation Goldman Environment- For Orissa man- Samantra- Dongria Kondh

FAO
The FAO Food Commodity Price Indices show changes in
monthly international prices of major food commodities. It is a
major policy tool to understand the impact of global food prices
on farmer’s income (export competitiveness) and domestic
inflation

Drug Abuse mgmt ie deaddiction etc

Budapest convention on Cybercrime

Organisation UNEP+WMO- IPCC in 1988
WWF (World Wildlife Fund)- Earth Hour celebrate karaata hai Its an NGO, IUCN (red book wali) & WWF bo
WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) WIP Index is published by US chamber of co
WEF (World Economic Forum)
Make pairs:
WEF (World Economic Forum) Economy related- Competitiveness, Risk
WEF (World Economic Forum) Technology- IT, Network Readiness
WEF (World Economic Forum) Social- Gender gap, Human Capital, inclusive development report
Environment- Energy Architecture, Environment Performance
WEF (World Economic Forum) Special- Power Language Index, Travel and Tourism
WEF (World Economic Forum)
WEF (World Economic Forum)
WEF (World Economic Forum)
WEF (World Economic Forum)
WEF (World Economic Forum)
WEF (World Economic Forum) India- 62/ behind BRICS
Walk Free Foundation ( Australia-based human rights group Drugs
) & Crime ka office- Drugs, Trafficking in Persons
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) (because all 3 are trafficked across the border)
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network Happiness will come from sustainable devel
United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human
Security (UNU-EHS) and Bundnis Entwicklung Hilft in cooperation
with the University of Stuttgart in Germany. Global Risk- WEF and World Risk- UN
United Nations Public Administration Programme (UNPAP)
United Nations Public Administration Programme (UNPAP)
UNISDR (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction)
UNIDO(United Nations Industrial Development Organization)
UNICRI (United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research
Institute)
UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund )
UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund )
UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees )
UN-Habitat India was elected its Prez
UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund)
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization)
UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme )
UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme ) Global Environment performance and globa
UNEP & INTERPOL
UNDP(United Nations Development Programme)
UNDP(United Nations Development Programme)
UNDP(United Nations Development Programme) Gender Gap Index is ratio of women HDI to M

UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)

UN Inter-agency Group

Transparency International Perceived corruption Index ranks India at 79

Reporters Without Borders
Quality Council of India- also conducts Swachta Pakhwara Swachh sarvekshan by Ministry of Urban D
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries )
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries )

NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog with WIPO, Cornell University, World Bank, DIPP etc
International Energy Agency India just became an associate member
International Energy Agency
INSEAD business school in partnership with Adecco Group and the
Human Capital Leadership Institute of Singapore How countries grow n retain talent..India at
Cornell University INSEAD and the World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO) 60th rank

IMF (International Monetary Fund) Financial Stability Report by RBI in India

IMF (International Monetary Fund)
ILO (International LabourILO-Organization)
Work, Wage, Employment, Social ILO is the only tripartite (involving three par
ILO (International LabourSecurity
Organization)
ILO (International Labour Organization)
ILO (International Labour Organization) 2017-19 report says that India spends less th
IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute) 100/181
IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute)
ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)- CORSIA
IBRD (World Bank) India ka BRAP by DIPP
IBRD (world bank ) India jumped to 35th rank in 2016 report
IBRD (World Bank)
IBRD (World Bank)
IBRD (World Bank) Economic Prospect to WB, since prospect to
IBRD (World Bank) IAEA- Nuclear Review mein cooperation
IBRD (World Bank) chahiye so it publsihes 2 reports viz
IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) Nuclear Technoolgy and Techcology
cooperation report
IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
Health Effects Institute, Boston
Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC). India ranks 4, China, US & Germany ist 3, 60
Fortune
Forest Survey of India
FATF (Financial Action Task Force)
Central Pollution Control Board
BIS (Bank for International Settlements) Financial Stability dekhne ka kaam IMF, Fina
ADB (Asian Development bank) World Dev- World Bank
World Meteorological Organisation Argues that 1.2 will be breached this yr itsel
WHO, is a UN body Disability-adjusted-life-year
Institute of economics and Peace The Global Burden of Diseases,
Centre for Equity Studies
 FAO, UN
Amnesty International Amnesty, Human Rights watch n others pres
Mercer
Commonwealth Secretariat
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is an independent international institute ded
Global Inequality Lab- a biennial publication
ITU In 2017, India features in maturing category.
ILO New report..3 pillars- growth, inclusivity n in
WEF (World Economic Forum)
Yale n Columbia Univ with WEF India @ 177/180- due to poor environmenta
UN Water
International Institute for Management Development
World Justice Project (WJP)
Heritage Foundation (US based think tank) based on 12 parameters- Rule of Law, Govt S

WIPO
Madrid System
ountries, single fee and single application

te) community driven project, much like Wikipedia, where anyone can contribute their knowledge of India’s biodiversity

n Jadhav) which Pakistan is not adhering

apon prevention, OPCW imposes it, got noble prize for same, NOT a UN body
raile books…by WIPO with NGO- ABC accessible books consortium
nt of PwD with NGO- Daisy Forum of India
atic Mapping Organisation (NATMO), office under Department of Science & Technology, under Ministry of Science & technology

ssions were nt covered under UNFCCC

UDAAn is fr girl students from Govt schools including KVs to compete fr Engineering institutes

ck page no. 27, Insights module on Govt Schemes)

ssam have won the prestigious Whitley Award for their efforts in wildlife conservation. This award is popularly known as Green Oscars
tivist based out of Assam- linking Manas with Royal Manas of Bhutan
Environment- For Orissa man- Samantra- Dongria Kondhs or Jharnias protection from mining in Niyamgiri hills
Ministry of Social Justice n Empowerment

India shd sign it cz India is vulnerable to cyber attacks due to low security as users are less aware and Digital program is lea
ed book wali) & WWF both led to establishment of Traffic
ed by US chamber of commerce

t report
nce

gs, Trafficking in Persons, Wildlife Crime

cross the border)

e from sustainable development report

d World Risk- UN

performance and global environment outlook

ratio of women HDI to Men HDI

n Index ranks India at 79/176, better than Bangladesh n Pakistan…public sector corruption
 by Ministry of Urban Development

n associate member

n retain talent..India at 81..lowest amng BRICS

eport by RBI in India

tite (involving three parties) U.N. agency that brings together governments, employers and workers

that India spends less than many poor african countries on social protection, plus inclusion exclusion errors, corruption, ineffectivenes

h rank in 2016 report

to WB, since prospect to Bank ke hote hain, IMF ke to Economic outlook hote hain
iew mein cooperation
sihes 2 reports viz
gy and Techcology
t

US & Germany ist 3, 60 W target by 2022 and 6 GW currently

ekhne ka kaam IMF, Financial System BIS dekh lega

be breached this yr itself, IUCN+WMO formed IPCC

rden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors study is put together by the Institute for Health Metri
ghts watch n others present Martin Ennals awards

nternational institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. It is one of the most respected th

es in maturing category..24 out of 165 countries

s- growth, inclusivity n intergenerational parity…India 62nd ..BRIC ahead of us

ue to poor environmental policy n deaths due to air pollution

eters- Rule of Law, Govt Size, Regulatory Efficiency, Open Markets…India ranked low at 130 (China ahead of us and Pak behind us)

nce & technology

known as Green Oscars.

nd Digital program is leading to increasing digital penetration; IB has raised concerns about harm to national sovereignty so due care sh
rs, corruption, ineffectiveness

tute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)

one of the most respected think tanks worldwide. India 5th biggest spender after US, China, Russia and Saudi. Pak nt among top 15 spe

us and Pak behind us)

al sovereignty so due care shd be taken to address this aspect, but given the international spread of attacks eg wannacry that affected m
udi. Pak nt among top 15 spenders
s eg wannacry that affected many countries, such international cooperation is needed
 Watal Committee Promotion of cashless economy
BN Srikrisna Committee to look into aspects of RTP Also on Arbitration impro
NK Sngh New FRBM 2.5% n 0.8% FD & RD by 2022; 60% debt GDP r

Dhirendra Singh Committee strategic partnership model- pvt players collaboration with foreign p
Specialised institutes focusing on defence R&D shd be set up

Shekhar joShekatkar Committee For reforms in armed forces- suggested improving tooth to tail ratio
3% of GDP allocation, against Budget mein 2%
Anil masterAnil Kakodkar Committee On Railway Safety remember Hoff Bauschman coaches

Kelkar Report Tax reforms GST too proposed by him

Public Pvt Partnership reforms
TSR Subramanian Committee Tasked with drafting new education policy
Scrap UGC & AICTE HEERA proposed
Remove no detention clause, give 2 chnces for promotion to next cla
Kothari Commission gave 3 language formula

Shah Comm Emergency excesses, violations of human rights

Nanavati Sikh Riots

D K Basu Guidelines Arrest reforms- HR violatiosn r nt there

Swaminathan committee Recommended agricultural overhaul measures

Like SHG, there r marginal n small farmers grups, shd be promoted
Organic farming, cooperative farming n diversification towards bee k

Nayak committees recommendation for effective governance in PSB

Acts
the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013
AMASR Ancient monuments and archaelogical sites n remains (protection) act, 1958
Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1971
Unorganised Workers social security act, 2009
Sexual harassment of women at workplace, 2013 After Nirbhaya case
Minimum wage act
Recently ESI was extended to domestic workers thru a notification bt a half hearted attempt cz premiu
PCPNDT Pre conception n pre natal diagnostics techniques (prohibition) Act
POCSO Act ( Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012)
SC ST (Prohibition of atrocities Act) 1989 Cases r registered under IPC n nt this act cz IPC is less strin
here onus is on accused to prove his innocence and it is non bailable too

IPC Rajesh Sharma Case has led to 498 A dowry related change- family welfare committee to review firs
Ordinance Cooper (satisfaction is s. to judicial review), D C Wadhwa n Krishna Kumar Singh- repeated promulgati
Krishna Kumar case- Section 3 of Consitn ds nt apply to personal laws
Kilhoto case- Anti defection law- ruling of Speaker under JR
Kharak Singh n Satish Singh vs MP Sharma- Rt to privacy nt FR
Bommai case guidelines shd be implemented to prevent Prez. rule in states

IPC 499 n 500- defamation

498 A dowry
497 adultery

IPC 375- deals with marital rape which is exception

Recently SC noted that having ex with a minor girl even if she is wife is rape, this ends the difference
 Also on Arbitration improvement
D by 2022; 60% debt GDP ratio and a fiscal council, flexibility during boom n slowdown

ollaboration with foreign partners fr defence mfg

e R&D shd be set up

mproving tooth to tail ratio

er Hoff Bauschman coaches too

es for promotion to next class

s grups, shd be promoted

iversification towards bee keeping, horticulture, floriculture, ornamental fishery shd be promoted fr they hv higher returns

tion Act, 2013

Earlier 100m within vicinity of monument was a no construction zone, this clause removed now; so public works

hearted attempt cz premium payment by them, registration by them- police se approval so cumbersome procedure, form elecronicaly

nt this act cz IPC is less stringent

e committee to review first before arrests can be made

Singh- repeated promulgation of ordinance n failure to place b4 parli fraud

pe, this ends the difference bw section 375 of IPC n POCSO

v higher returns

moved now; so public works (means work undertaken or financed by central Govt) r nw allowed. National Monument authority will mk

procedure, form elecronicaly uploaded, benefits limited- only to insured n nt to family n no sickness allowanceor disability cover, limite
Monument authority will mk recommendation aftr conducting impact analysis, final decision will be that of central govt

nceor disability cover, limited hospitals mein allowed

f central govt
 WB says an increase in 10% internet penetration results in 1.4% GDP improvement
Status of the World
Global Climate in Meteorological
Climate change 2016 report Organisation Argues that 1.2 will be breached this yr itself, I

Education ASER 75% of Class 3rd students cannot read a class 2

Education Taare Zamin Par, 3 Idiots Important message for the society to relieve th
Times list of top 100 High edu institutes- nt a single Indian univ figures in top 100, In top 800- their ranks hv decl
India contributes 34% of illiterates in the world

Transparency International India had the highest bribery rate among the 16 Asia Pacific countries.
ILO says India has 30% gender wage gap. Womn constitute only 23% of labour force

Hunger Global hunger Index India ranked 100th among 119 countries in the
Women Global gender gap report by WEF 108/144- RELA- reproductive health, education
As per the WEF's Global Gender Parity Report
ILO says that gender pay gap in India is as high
By empowering women, India can improve her
Urbanisation rate 32% at present (Census def), 26% by Admin dIndia cn increase 2025 GDP between 16-60% s
2030 tak 40% urbanisation as per UN report Census def is 75% pop engaged in n
Admin def is- area governed by an U
Child Marriage Census 2011 says 30% 21% (less than 21 kitnon ki shaadi- 21% ki) this
164.3836 60k children go missing every year Operation Muskan and Operation Smile launc
Mental Health 7% mental ailments, 1.4% acute ones Post 2013 UK floods, there are over 1 cr psycho
Global Cybersecurity Index by Int Telecom Union (UN) It publishes Global Cybersecurity Index. India
86% of farmers in the country are small n marginal means less than 1 hectare land
Only 12% women farm owners in India

More than 95% of forest fires in India r man made

50 cr hv feature phones, 24 crore have smartphones and 50 cr have internet access

50% women r anaemic and 40% children r stunted

Economic Survey 2017-18 stats

Cash GDP Ratio 12% v high
Tax GDP Ratio 19% 4% of voters file IT returns and 2% p
Education 3.70% Down from 5% few yrs back
Health 1.20% 2.5% by 2025

Divestment target 72500 cr target met, neext yr target @ 80k cr……….targe

ES 2016-17
Next yr Growth range 7.50%
This yr growth 6.75%
Debt 480 Bn
Agricultural Growth 2.10% 4.10%
 India is home to nearly 1660 languages (22 official) and dialects, nearly 3000 castes
16-64….64% India is now a youth- predominant nation, with over 65 percent of its population being un

Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) released the report tracking the perform
India scores a lowly 116, behind Nepal n SL
Imp- This report argues that nationalism and protectionism are hurting the efforts to meet S

ES 2015-16 mentions
Agriculture contri to GDP 17%
Agriculture workers comprise roughly 50% of workforce
NSSO- latest round mentions that 40% of their borrowings are from informal sources- which
Agriculture India is home to 17.5% of the world’s population, but only 4% of its fresh water resources, 2
Agri contributes to around 15% of zGHG emissions

Manufacturing sector contri to GDP- 14% (14 to 25% is d target of MII); Overall Industrial sec
India's share in global mfg- 2%;share in services- 5%
8% of GDP n 40% exports of country
15-64- 65% of popu MSME Sector 90% of industrial units r MSME 38% of GDP
<35- 65% of pop 40% of country's workforce employed

Services sector includes which all- BFS, IT & Software, R&D, Tourism, Consultancy (PWC, Delo
Contributed 66% to GVA ISRO, medical tourism

IT sector promotes both regional and gender equality cz women omprise 40% of IT workforc

Coal cess collection is 400 rs per tonne of coal, goes to clean energy Fund
Tendulkar Committee estimates poverty rate at 21.9% in 2011-12

Prison n Judicial D K Basu case guideines by SC shd be implemented in letter n spirit-

Judiciary Close to 3 cr cases r pending in courts across India- roughly 50% more than 5 yr pendency
Jails More than 67% of inmates r undertrials. Further, they belong to poor marginalised sections
Jails r overcrowded by more than 50%
Class divide exists among inmates too- wealthy n influential get preferential treatment, as re

267th Report by LCI- denounces hate speech and sees it as areal threat to democracy. LC hs nw proposed zcrimi

273rd Report Shayad, ...jail reforms

Torture bill to be brought

Roughly 40% of food gets wasted

We need a new green revolution being termed as rainbow revolution with focus on organic
Swaminathan committee recommendations shd be implemented

NITI Aayog launches India Innovation Index with WIPO fr states

Urban Ministry launched liveability index
RPA 123 (3) Abhiram Singh v/s C.D. Commachen use of religion to garner votes a fra

126 section Section 126 prohibits display of election matter within 48 hrs of election closure
Section 20 deals with NRI voters- Plus The Registration of Electors Rules, 1960 requires the
With proposed amendment; they can vote thru proxy

Section 33 Allows a candidate to contest from more than 1 seat viz 2 seats (introduced in 96 else one cd
EC opined that it wants to limit it to one seat as this practice leads to added burden on publ
One person, one vote & one candidate, one constituency is the dictum of democracy
be breached this yr itself, IUCN+WMO formed IPCC

dents cannot read a class 2 text, 50% of class 5 students cannot read class 2 text
for the society to relieve the immense pressure on impressionable young minds, extremely competitive environment and expectations
op 800- their ranks hv declined further, China is making commendble progress

fic countries.

among 119 countries in the Global Hunger Index for 2017 BY IFPRI……….serious hunger levels
roductive health, education, LFP and Political participation
obal Gender Parity Report of 2016, India ranks 108 out of 144 countries in the Gender Gap Index.
pay gap in India is as high as 30% against 4-5% in developed countries, only 23% of Labour force
men, India can improve her GDP by 27%- noted by IMF chief Christine Lagarde
25 GDP between 16-60% simply by empowering women at par with men
ef is 75% pop engaged in non agri occupation, 5k se upar population and density mr than 400 per sq Km
f is- area governed by an Urban Local body ie Municipal corporation, M. Council or Notified area committee
tnon ki shaadi- 21% ki) this c be latest fig
and Operation Smile launched by Police
, there are over 1 cr psychologically disturbed patients and just 8 pyshologists
Cybersecurity Index. India at a high 23rd position. India is ranked 23rd on the index with a score of 0.683 and has been listed in the “m
an 1 hectare land

ers file IT returns and 2% pay tax, 2.5% show zero taxable income

target @ 80k cr……….targets hd nt been met for last 7 yrs in a row

nearly 3000 castes
of its population being under 35 years

report tracking the performance of countries in meeting their SDG goals

urting the efforts to meet SDGs. Developed countries are nt serving as role models

m informal sources- which means exorbitant intrest rate and chances of harassment
ts fresh water resources, 2.4% of global land. Agriculture consumes some 78% of the country’s fresh-water supply

f MII); Overall Industrial sector share is- 25%, Services-57% and Agri- 17%

MUDRA loans to small businesses, nt more than 10 lacs loan; Udyog Acc No (UAN) to promote ease of doing business- lowe

m, Consultancy (PWC, Deloittes and KPMG), shipping, Real Estate and Housing, Entertainment and Hospitality

omprise 40% of IT workforce, much higher than LPR in other sectors and it attracts majority of talent from Non tier 1 cities

lemented in letter n spirit- informing the cause of arrest, informing sm known one about arrest, provision of Lawyer to be looked afte
more than 5 yr pendency
poor marginalised sections disproportionately….

referential treatment, as revealed in Shahsikala's case

y. LC hs nw proposed zcriminal Amendment bill to mk changes to IPC n CPC

tion with focus on organic farming, sustainable means n diversification into horticulture, organic culture etc
igion to garner votes a fraudulent practice

election closure
s Rules, 1960 requires them to be physcially present at the time of polling

ntroduced in 96 else one cd contest frm many consttuencies earlier)

s to added burden on public exchequer due to reelection if a candidate wins from both seats
ctum of democracy
vironment and expectations of society takes a toll on students mental and physical health. Kota is not only the education hub for Medi

nd has been listed in the “maturing” category. The findings show that there is “space for further improvement in cooperation” at all lev
ease of doing business- lowers bureaucratic harassment, automated inspection appointments; ZED scheme to promote their competiti

Non tier 1 cities

n of Lawyer to be looked after by NALSA

 the education hub for Medical aspirants but also the suicide hub.

ment in cooperation” at all levels

e to promote their competitiveness (financial incentives r given), MII to tk mfg share to 25% of GDP by 2022, National SC-ST hub to pro
2, National SC-ST hub to promote entrepreneurship amg SC,T; public procurement policy to ensure mkt access to MSMEs- 20% procure
cess to MSMEs- 20% procurement mandatory
 ESTABLISHEMENT YEAR

RELATIONSHIP WITH U.N

HEADQUARTERS

JURISDICTION

TYPES OF CASES

DERIVES AUTHORITY FROM

APPEALS

FUNDING
India and ICC
India is not a party to ICC. (China neither, Russia withdrew after ICC claimed Putin responsible) The
major objections of India to the Rome Statute are :
Since ICC is subordinate to UNSC, permanent members are vested with unbridled powers.
Terrorism and nuclear weapons usage is not in the purview of ICC.

There is criticism that India on signing up the Rome Statute, would immediately come under ICC
jurisdiction for human right violations under AFSPA, abuses in Naga movement, Kashmir conflict

US opposes it because its actions in West Asia may come under attack

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE- ICJ

1946. 15 judges elected for 9 years by absolute majority in both general assembly and security council;
VETO not applicable here- judging ka maamla hai, may be re-elected for up to two further terms, seats
distribution by geography, informal understanding that each of UNSC members will hv one member
each, one third of the Court is elected every three years, reelection allowed, Judge's experience is what
matters and not the nationality

Official court of U.N, commonly known as “World Court”.

Peace Palace , Hague

U.N Member states. Can give advisory opinions to UN bodies. Cannot try individuals. Applies
International Law
Sovereignty, boundary disputes, maritime disputes, trade, natural resources, human rights, treaty
violations, treaty interpretation, etc.
States that ratify the U.N. Charter become parties to the ICJ Statute. Non-UN member states can also
become parties to the ICJ by ratifying the ICJ Statute.
ICJ decision is binding. UNSC can review if states do not comply.

U.N funded
this is not a UN body but an independent body,
China & Philipines case was judged by a PCA
appointed under UNCLOS. Other bodies like
UNCITRAL etc also give options to go for ICJ or PCA.
Award is final and binding, no appeal allowed. The
PCA is not a court "in the traditional sense", but
provides services of arbitral tribunal to resolve
disputes. It does not even have permanent judges.
The organization is also not a United Nations
agency. China has refused to comply with its orders
arguing it ds nt hv the authority to govern this case

Russia and Burundi withdrew

INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT – ICC

2002

Independent. Not governed by U.N. Can receive

referrals from UNSC. If referred by UNSC, the ruling
bcms binding fr member country
Hague

Individuals accused of international crimes. Uses

International Law, as war crimes violate Geneva
Convention.
Genocide, crimes against humanity, war
crimes, crimes of aggression.

Rome Statute
Appeals Chamber, according to Rome Statute.

contribution from state parties to the Rome

Statute; voluntary contributions from the U.N;
voluntary contributions from governments,
international organizations, individuals,
corporations and other entities.
 Majuli- Mising or Mishing tribes from Arunachal Pradesh who immigrated here centuries ago. Others are Deori a
Garo celebrate Wangla festival and Khasi-Jaintia mk root bridge

Chakmas are Buddhists and Hajongs r Hindus, fled from Bangladesh n now resettled in AP, SC has asked centre to
Apatani Arunachal Pradesh Dree festival celebrate karte hain, Rice ki irrigated cultivation despite
Monpas Arunachal Pradesh Live in Tawang where DL had paid a visit and India is linking it with a
Naga tribe- Konyak Whole body is tattoed
Ahom, Rajbanshis Assam Rajbanshis wr involved in Tibhaga movment
Limbu, Tamang Sikkim their count has been increased in Sikkim state assembly
Lepcha Sikkim
Bhutia Sikkim practice tantric Budhhism ie Vajrayan
Oraon WB, their language Kurukh has been declared state official alngage
Angami Nagaland Seykerni festival

1. Nishis : Arunachal Pradesh, nisha hui khatm means sun wali state AP
2. Angami : Manipur, called so because headhunters means enemy head cut karte the
3. Rengma : Nagaland, make dye frm yellow flowers and paint clothes
Andaman has barren island, active v
PVTG were named by B.. Report Great Nicobaris are (27000 strenth)
Andaman Tribes- JOSS- Jawars, Onges, Sentalese, Shom Pen. KORAS (extinct now)
Lakshadweep- KAMIN MAL MAL- Koyas, Amindivis, Malechri, Malmis (Highest tribal literacy rate as per cen
PVTG Saharias Sahara type ke Rajasthani Ahariyas move to Gujrat salt pans to mk salt
PVTG Toda Nilgiris Pastoralists
PVTG Toto W Bengal
PVTG Dongria Kondhs Orissa Niyamgiri Hills for which Samantra awarded Goldman Environmenta
Paika rebellion Orissa In 1817
Chik Baraks Central India Earlier weaved clothes for king, nt any longer

Irular TN snake catchers

Slaves bro Habshi Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat, and the city of Hyderabad (there’s also a sizable pop

Main component
LNG Methane
Anaerobic respiration Methane Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and CO2 are also formed simultaneously
LPG Butane Propane By product of petroleum refining and natural gas production

SynGas Synthetic gas used to produce many things like ammonia, natural gas etc; it is prod
CBM Methane Absence of hydrogen sulphide so called sweet gas, unique thing is it
But it poses underground mining mein problems because dangerous
Todas, Kotas, Irullas, Kurumbas, Paniyas, Adiyans,Edanadan Chettis, Cholanaickens, Allar,Malayan,
in Biosphere reserve Nilgiris

Gandhian Books
Constructive Programme : Its Meaning and Place
C. Indian Home Rule (Hind Swaraj)- we are being ruled bcz of supoort of Indians to British, the day we adopt Sw
D. Key to Health
Translation of John Ruskin book Unto this Last to "Sarvoday"
 Learning: Chenchus are hindu Aboriginal tribes residing in the central hillstations of Andhr
inhabit the Nallmalla hills which has been a part of Nagarjuna Sagar, the Tiger Sanctuary fo
Pradesh

ASURAS Live in Jahrkhand n Bihar etc, claim to hv descended from Asuras, traditionally smelt rust f
Reangs live in Tripura and dance is Hojagiri
ries ago. Others are Deori and Sonowal Kacharis tribes.

n AP, SC has asked centre to grant them citizenship

irrigated cultivation despite no scientific method being used, UNESCO wants to include them as Heritag site for this
and India is linking it with a railway line- both objected by China, Thembang, the settlement of the Monpas is a village within a fortified

state assembly
urumin fr treating flu- it is frogs saliva
Multiple therapeutic properties of Neurocalyx calycinus used by the Cholanaickan tr
Western Ghats Kani tribe pe named Kani tree crab
Western Ghats 4 miniature frogs- The newly discovered frogs include: Athirappilly Night Frog, Sabar
Munnar mein The newly discovered specis include- Impatiens Mankulamensis and Impatiens Pand

Amazon Fluoroscent frogs

KANIYAN tribe in TN Kaniyan Kuthu- men only, dance
n has barren island, active volcano DASKATHIA- GOD KE LIYE DANCE N SINGING BY TRIBES IN Orissa
obaris are (27000 strenth) STs bt Great Andamanese are PVTG- they r Negritoes
PVTG (Onges, Sentelese (15), Great Andmanese).
ibal literacy rate as per census 2011, in Laks..)
ans to mk salt KOYAS live in forests of Telangana too; celebrate festival called Medaram Jatra..will be declared a natio

ed Goldman Environmental Prize

d (there’s also a sizable population in Pakistan), Called Siddis too

o formed simultaneously
ural gas production

ia, natural gas etc; it is produced by use of hot water, steam wtc that convert coal into syngas
weet gas, unique thing is it is attached to carbon through adsorption unlike natural cases mein found in sedimentary rocks
oblems because dangerous
lar,Malayan,

ritish, the day we adopt Swaraj, we will free ourselves. Very critical of Western civilisation. He argued that western civilisation in such th
entral hillstations of Andhra Pradesh. They
agar, the Tiger Sanctuary for centuries in Andhra

as, traditionally smelt rust free iron ore

g site for this
npas is a village within a fortified area, a tentative UNESCO site

nus used by the Cholanaickan tribe, one of the particularly vulnerable groups in Kerala, to treat inflammations and wounds

de: Athirappilly Night Frog, Sabarimala Night Frog, Radcliffe’s Night frog and the Kadalar Night Frog.
nkulamensis and Impatiens Panduramgani. They are included in the critically endangered category of IUCN.  Impatiens, also called jew

BES IN Orissa

am Jatra..will be declared a national festival so that later it wd be considered fr UNESCO intangible cultural heritage tag

n sedimentary rocks

hat western civilisation in such that it wd auto destroy itself. Gujrati mein likhi, British banned its Gujrati version bt allowed the English v
ons and wounds

.  Impatiens, also called jewel weeds,

heritage tag

rsion bt allowed the English version