Textile Testing & Quality Control
Textile Testing & Quality Control
Chapter-01
Introduction
Textile
The word textile is from Latin, from the adjective textilis, meaning woven, the
past participle of the verb French word texere, ‘to weave. The word Textile
when used as a noun means anything woven or suitable for weaving.
Any fabric or product manufactured from fabrics, filament or yarns, natural
or artificial – by means of interlacing, interloping, felting or stitching the fibre
web, for example, thread ropes, knitted fabrics, etc.
Hence this is a very comprehensive term that includes all clothing, carpets,
curtains, tapes, upholstery, etc.
The word Textile when used as an adjective, means manufacture of raw
materials, processing machinery, buildings, personnel used in the
organization connected with the technology of their manufacture, which
includes the following: Textile Mill, Textile Institute, Textile Engineer, Textile
Research, Textile Printing, Textile Designer, Textile Technologist, etc.
Testing
A means of determining the capability of an item to meet specified
requirements by subjecting the item to a set of physical, chemical,
environmental or operating actions, and conditions.
Testing is the way of control or the process to check or verify the nature,
kind, or character of any material, hence control the degree of excellence.
Textile Testing & Quality Control (TTQC)
Textile Testing
Applying engineering knowledge and science to detect the criteria and
properties of any textile material or product (such as fiber, yarn, and fabric)
is called textile testing.
Standardization of Testing:
Different principles and instruments may be employed to test a single
criterion. Hence it is important to standardize the testing methods or
procedures. Various national and international organizations have
established standards for textile testing.
Textile Testing & Quality Control (TTQC)
What is ISO???
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an
international standard-setting body composed of representatives from
various national standards organizations.
Founded on 23 February 1947, the organization promotes worldwide
proprietary, industrial and commercial standards.
Its headquarter is in Geneva, Switzerland, and as of 2013 works in
164 countries
Textile Testing & Quality Control (TTQC)
Quality
Quality can be defined by the following words:
The degree of excellence that an item passes.
Meeting a specification
Not more than 1% defective lot.
Totality of features of a product that satisfy the needs.
Q=P/E (P denotes Performance, E denotes Expectation)
According to International Organization for Standardization (ISO):
“Ensemble of properties and characteristics of a product or a service which
confer on it the capacity to satisfy expressed or implicit requirements” -
“suitable for use” or “fitness for use”.
Volume
Return
Invest
Expansion
Employment
Service to Society
Textile Testing & Quality Control (TTQC)
Men
Machines
Materials