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BIOMÉRIEUX API & ID 32 IDENTIFICATION DATABASES
from diagnosis,
the seeds of better health
the reference
IDENTIFICATION DATABASES
API & ID 32
descriptions of P. lautus and of P. peoriae. (1996) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 46, 988-1003.
53 • ASH (C.), PRIEST (F.G.) and COLLINS (M.D.): Molecular identification of rRNA
group 3 bacilli (Ash, Farrow, Wallbanks and Collins) using a PCR probe test. (1993)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 64, 253-260.
54 • DEVRIESE (L.A.), RIEGEL (P.), HOMMEZ (J.), VANEECHOUTTE (M.), DE BAERE (T.)
and HAESEBROUCK (F.): Identification of Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum strains
from the urogenital tract of humans and pigs. (2000) J. Clin. Microbiol., 38, 4657-4659.
55 • POHL (S.), BERTSCHINGER (H.U.), FREDERIKSEN (W.) and MANNHEIM (W.):
Transfer of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae and the Pasteurella haemolytica-like
organism causing porcine necrotic pleuropneumonia to the genus Actinobacillus
(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae comb. nov.) on the basis of phenotypic and
deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness. (1983) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 33, 510-514.
56 • BIBERSTEIN (E.L.) and WHITE (D.C.): A proposal for the establishment of two new
Haemophilus species. (1969) Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2, 75-78
57 • PRIEST (F.G.), GOODFELLOW (M.) and TODD (C.): A numerical classification of
the genus Bacillus. (1988) J. Gen. Microbiol., 134, 1847-1882
58 • SNEATH (P.H.A.), MAIR (N.S.), SHARPE (M.E.) and HOLT (J.G.) Bergey’s Manual of
Systematic Bacteriology. Ninth Edition. (1986) Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Md, 2.
59 • WILLIAMS (A.M.), FARROW (J.A.E.) and COLLINS (M.D.): Reverse transcriptase
sequencing of 16s ribosomal RNA from Streptococcus cecorum. (1989) Lett. Appl.
Microbiol., 8, 185-189.
60 • BRENNER (D.J.), GRIMONT (P.A.D.), STEIGERWALT (A.G.), FANNING (G.R.),
AGERON (E.) and RIDDLE (C.F.): Classification of citrobacteria by DNA hybridization:
designation of Citrobacter farmeri sp. nov., Citrobacter youngae sp. nov., Citrobacter
braakii sp. nov., Citrobacter werkmanii sp. nov., Citrobacter sedlakii sp. nov., and three
unnamed Citrobacter genomospecies. (1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 43, 645-658.
61 • BØVRE (K.): Proposal to divide the genus Moraxella Lwoff 1939 emend. Henriksen
and Bøvre 1968 into two subgenera - subgenus Moraxella (Lwoff 1939) Bøvre 1979 and
subgenus Branhamella (Catlin 1970) Bøvre 1979. (1979) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 29,
403-406.
62 • HEYNDRICKX (M.), LEBBE (L.), KERSTERS (K.), DE VOS (P.), FORSYTH (G.) and
LOGAN (N.A.): Virgibacillus: a new genus to accommodate Bacillus pantothenticus
(Proom and Knight 1950). Emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus. (1998)
Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 48, 99-106
63 • TINDALL (B.J.), GRIMONT (P.A.D.), GARRITY (G.M.) and EUZÉBY (J.P.):
Nomenclature and taxonomy of the genus Salmonella. (2005) Int. J. Syst. Evol.
Microbiol., 55, 521-524.
64 • DE VOS (P.), TRÜPER (H.G.) and TINDALL (B.J.): Judicial Commission of the
Our special thanks go to Professor Jean Freney from the Microbiology Laboratory International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes, Xth International (IUMS)
Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology. Minutes of the meetings, 28, 29
at Edouard Herriot Hospital in Lyons (France) and Professor Niall Logan of Glasgow and 31 July and 1 August 2002, Paris, France. (2005) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 55,
Caledonian University (Scotland) for their helpful advice and careful proof-reading 525-532.
of this technical booklet. 65 • LOGAN (N.A.), & TURNBULL (P.C.B.) (2003) Bacillus and related genera. In
Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 8 th edn, Vol. 1, pp. 445-460. Edited by P. R. Murray,
E. J. Baron, J. H. Jorgensen, M. A. Pfaller & R. H. Yolken. American Society for
Microbiology, Washington D.C.
57
INTRODUCTION
1
WHAT’S CHANGED
IN THE DATABASES?
the database (including both entirely new species and API CANDIDA v 2.0 v 2.1 x - - -
others added on the basis of new results). API 20 A v 3.0 v 4.0 x x x x
• The names of certain species have been API 50 CHE v 3.0 v 3.1 x x - -
changed to follow modifications in the bacterial API 50 CHL v 5.0 v 5.1 x - - -
ID 32 E v 2.0 v 3.0 x x x x
taxonomy as officially described in
rapid ID 32 E v 3.0 v 3.1 x x - -
the International Journal of Systematic and ID 32 GN v 3.0 v 3.1 x x - -
Evolutionary Microbiology. ID 32 STAPH v 2.0 v 2.1 x - - -
• Notes have been revised to reflect the changes in names rapid ID 32 v 2.0 v 3.0 x x x x
STREP
and the species added and deleted.
ID 32 C v 2.0 v 3.0 x x x x
• Percentages and performances have been altered to reflect rapid ID 32 A v 3.1 v 3.2 x x - -
variations observed in the profiles analyzed as the database was
revised.
• Additional tests were modified to reflect the new reference
information available.
3
SPECIES IDENTIFIABLE
BY THE VARIOUS
IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS
ID 32 E Gram-negative bacilli
Rapid ID 32 E Enterobacteriaceae
ID 32 GN Gram-negative bacilli
ID 32 STAPH Staphylococci
Rapid ID 32 STREP Streptococci
ID 32 C Yeasts
Rapid ID 32 A Anaerobes
5
Rapid ID 32 Strep
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Abiotrophia defectiva ▲ ▲
Achromobacter denitrificans Alcaligenes denitrificans ▲ ▲
Achromobacter xylosoxidans Alcaligenes xylosoxidans ▲ ▲
Acinetobacter baumannii T ▲ T ▲ ▲
Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus ▲ ▲
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus T T
Acinetobacter haemolyticus ▲ ▲
Acinetobacter johnsonii T ▲
Acinetobacter junii T ▲
Acinetobacter junii/johnsonii ▲
Acinetobacter lwoffii ▲ ▲
Acinetobacter radioresistens ▲
Acinetobacter spp T T
Acinetobacter/Moraxella spp ▲
Acinetobacter/Pseudomonas spp ▲ ▲
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ••• ▲
Actinomyces israelii ▲ ▲
Actinomyces meyeri T ▲
Actinomyces meyeri/odontolyticus ▲
Actinomyces naeslundii ▲ ▲
Actinomyces neuii ssp anitratus ▲
Actinomyces neuii ssp neuii ▲
Actinomyces odontolyticus T ▲
Actinomyces radingae ▲
Actinomyces turicensis ▲
Actinomyces viscosus ▲ ▲
Aerococcus urinae ••• ▲ ▲
Aerococcus viridans ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Aeromonas caviae T T ▲ T T T
Aeromonas hydrophila T ▲ ▲ T ▲ T T T
Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae ▲ ▲ ▲
Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae/sobria Aeromonas hydrophila group ▲ ▲
Aeromonas salmonicida masoucida/achromogenes ▲
Aeromonas salmonicida ssp achromogenes T
Aeromonas salmonicida ssp masoucida T
Aeromonas salmonicida ssp salmonicida ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Aeromonas sobria T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Alcaligenes faecalis ▲ ▲
Alcaligenes spp T ▲
Alloiococcus otitis ▲ ▲
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens ▲
Anaerococcus prevotii Peptostreptococcus prevotii T ▲
Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus ▲
Arcanobacterium bernardiae ▲
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum ▲
Arcanobacterium pyogenes ▲
Arcobacter cryaerophilus ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Arthrobacter spp ▲
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T
Bacillus anthracis ▲
Bacillus badius T
Bacillus cereus ▲
Bacillus circulans ▲
Bacillus coagulans ▲
Bacillus firmus ▲
Bacillus fusiformis T
Bacillus lentus ▲
Bacillus licheniformis ▲
Bacillus megaterium ▲
Bacillus mycoides ▲
Bacillus non reactive ▲
Bacillus pumilus ▲
Bacillus smithii ▲
Bacillus sphaericus T
Bacillus subtilis T
Bacillus subtilis/amyloliquefaciens ▲
Bacillus thuringiensis T
Bacteroides caccae ▲ ▲
Bacteroides capillosus ▲
Bacteroides distasonis ▲ ▲
Bacteroides eggerthii T ▲
Bacteroides fragilis ▲ ▲
Bacteroides merdae ▲
Bacteroides ovatus T ▲
Bacteroides ovatus/thetaiotaomicron ▲
Bacteroides stercoris T ▲
Bacteroides stercoris/eggerthii ▲
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron T ▲
Bacteroides uniformis ▲ ▲
Bacteroides ureolyticus ▲ ▲
Bacteroides vulgatus ▲ ▲
Bergeyella zoohelcum ▲ T
Bifidobacterium adolescentis T ▲
Bifidobacterium bifidum T T
Bifidobacterium breve T T
Bifidobacterium dentium T
Bifidobacterium longum Bifidobacterium infantis T
Bifidobacterium spp ▲ ▲
Bordetella avium ▲
Bordetella bronchiseptica ▲ ▲ ▲
Bordetella spp T
Bordetella/Alcaligenes/Moraxella spp ▲
Brevibacillus agri ▲
Brevibacillus borstelensis T
changed taxonomy former taxonomy
new species
species described below •••
species present in database ▲
species identifiable with additional tests T
9
Rapid ID 32 Strep
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Brevibacillus brevis T
Brevibacillus centrosporus T
Brevibacillus choshinensis T
Brevibacillus laterosporus ▲
Brevibacillus non reactive ▲
Brevibacterium casei T
Brevibacterium epidermidis T
Brevibacterium spp ▲
Brevundimonas diminuta T ▲
Brevundimonas diminuta/Oligella urethralis ▲
Brevundimonas vesicularis ▲ ▲
Brochothrix thermosphacta ▲
Brucella spp T
Budvicia aquatica ▲ ▲ ▲
Burkholderia cepacia ▲ T ▲ ▲ ▲
Burkholderia gladioli T
Burkholderia pseudomallei ▲ ▲
Buttiauxella agrestis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Campylobacter coli ▲
Campylobacter fetus ssp fetus ▲
Campylobacter fetus ssp venerealis ▲
Campylobacter hyointestinalis ▲
Campylobacter jejuni ssp doylei ▲
Campylobacter jejuni ssp jejuni ▲
Campylobacter lari ▲
Campylobacter lari UPTC “Campylobacter lari ssp UPTC” ▲
Campylobacter mucosalis ▲
Campylobacter sputorum bv Fecalis “Campylobacter sputorum Fecalis” ▲
Campylobacter sputorum ssp bubulus ▲
Campylobacter upsaliensis ▲
Candida albicans ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida boidinii ▲ ▲
Candida catenulata ▲
Candida colliculosa ▲ ▲
Candida dattila ▲
Candida dubliniensis ▲ ▲
Candida famata ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida glabrata ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida globosa ▲
Candida guilliermondii ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida hellenica ▲
Candida holmii ▲
Candida inconspicua T T T
Candida inconspicua/norvegensis ▲
Candida intermedia ▲
Candida kefyr ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida krusei ▲ T ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Candida krusei/inconspicua ▲
Candida lambica T ▲
Candida lipolytica T ▲
Candida lusitaniae ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida magnoliae ▲ ▲
Candida melibiosica ▲
Candida membranifaciens Candida membranaefaciens ▲
Candida norvegensis T ▲ T
Candida norvegica ▲
Candida parapsilosis ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida pelliculosa ▲ ▲
Candida pulcherrima ▲
Candida rugosa ▲ ▲
Candida sake ▲
Candida silvicola ▲
Candida sphaerica ▲ ▲
Candida tropicalis ▲ ▲ ▲
Candida utilis ▲ ▲
Candida valida ▲
Candida zeylanoides ▲ ▲
Capnocytophaga gingivalis T
Capnocytophaga ochracea T
Capnocytophaga spp ▲
Capnocytophaga sputigena T
Carnobacterium divergens ▲
Carnobacterium maltaromaticum Carnobacterium piscicola ▲
CDC group EF-4 (Pasteurella) T
Cedecea davisae ▲ T ▲ ▲ ▲ T
Cedecea lapagei ▲ T ▲ ▲ T
Cedecea lapagei/neteri ▲
Cedecea neteri T ▲ ▲ T
Cedecea spp ▲ ▲
Cellulomonas spp T
Cellulomonas spp/Microbacterium spp ▲
Cellulosimicrobium cellulans Oerskovia xanthineolytica ▲
Chromobacterium violaceum ▲ ▲ ▲
Chryseobacterium indologenes ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Chryseobacterium meningosepticum ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Citrobacter amalonaticus T T ▲ T T T
Citrobacter amalonaticus/farmeri ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Citrobacter braakii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Citrobacter farmeri T ▲ T ▲ T T T
Citrobacter freundii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Citrobacter freundii group ▲ ▲ ▲
Citrobacter koseri T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Citrobacter koseri/amalonaticus ▲ ▲
Citrobacter koseri/farmeri ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Citrobacter sedlakii ▲
Citrobacter youngae ▲ ▲ ▲
Clostridium acetobutylicum ▲
Clostridium baratii Clostridium barati ▲ ▲
Clostridium beijerinckii T T
Clostridium beijerinckii/butyricum ▲ ▲
Clostridium bifermentans ▲ ▲
Clostridium botulinum T ▲
Clostridium botulinum/sporogenes ▲
Clostridium butyricum T T
Clostridium cadaveris ▲ ▲
Clostridium clostridioforme Clostridium clostridiiforme ▲ ▲
Clostridium difficile ▲ ▲
Clostridium fallax ▲
Clostridium glycolicum ▲
Clostridium histolyticum ▲ ▲
Clostridium innocuum ▲ ▲
Clostridium limosum T
Clostridium paraputrificum ▲ ▲
Clostridium perfringens ▲ ▲
Clostridium ramosum ▲ ▲
Clostridium septicum ▲ ▲
Clostridium sordellii ▲ ▲
Clostridium sporogenes T ▲
Clostridium spp ▲
Clostridium subterminale T ▲
Clostridium tertium ▲ ▲
Clostridium tetani T ▲
Clostridium tyrobutyricum ▲
Collinsella aerofaciens Eubacterium aerofaciens ▲
Comamonas spp T
Comamonas testosteroni T ▲
Comamonas testosteroni/Pseudomonas alcaligenes ▲
Corynebacterium accolens ▲
Corynebacterium afermentans T
Corynebacterium afermentans/coyleae ▲
Corynebacterium amycolatum T
Corynebacterium argentoratense ▲
Corynebacterium auris T
Corynebacterium auris/Turicella otitidis ▲
Corynebacterium bovis ▲
Corynebacterium coyleae T
Corynebacterium cystitidis T
Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype belfanti T
Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype gravis ▲
Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype intermedius T
Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype mitis T
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Corynebacterium diphtheriae mitis/belfanti ▲
Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum C. glucuronolyticum/seminale ▲
Corynebacterium group F-1 ▲
Corynebacterium group G ▲
Corynebacterium jeikeium ▲
Corynebacterium kutscheri ▲
Corynebacterium macginleyi ▲
Corynebacterium minutissimum T
Corynebacterium pilosum T
Corynebacterium propinquum ▲
Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum ▲
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ▲
Corynebacterium renale T
Corynebacterium renale group ▲
Corynebacterium seminale T
Corynebacterium striatum T
Corynebacterium striatum/amycolatum* ▲
Corynebacterium ulcerans ▲
Corynebacterium urealyticum ▲
Cryptococcus albidus ▲ ▲
Cryptococcus curvatus Candida curvata ▲
Cryptococcus humicola Cryptococcus humicolus ▲ ▲
Cryptococcus laurentii ▲ ▲
Cryptococcus neoformans ▲ ▲ ▲
Cryptococcus terreus ▲ ▲
Cryptococcus uniguttulatus ▲ ▲
Debaryomyces carsonii Pichia carsonii T
Debaryomyces etchellsii Pichia etchelsii T
Debaryomyces etchellsii/carsonii ▲
Debaryomyces polymorphus ▲
Delftia acidovorans Comamonas acidovorans ▲ ▲
Dermabacter hominis ▲
Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis T ▲
Dietzia spp T
Edwardsiella hoshinae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Edwardsiella tarda ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Eggerthella lenta Eubacterium lentum ▲ ▲
Eikenella corrodens ▲ T
Empedobacter brevis T ▲
Enterobacter aerogenes ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter amnigenus ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter asburiae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter cancerogenus ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter cloacae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter gergoviae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter intermedius ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Enterobacter sakazakii ▲ T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Enterobacter spp/E.coli/Shigella sonnei ▲
Enterococcus avium ▲ ▲
Enterococcus casseliflavus T ▲
Enterococcus cecorum ▲
Enterococcus durans ▲ ▲
Enterococcus faecalis ▲ ▲
Enterococcus faecium ▲ ▲
Enterococcus gallinarum T ▲
Enterococcus hirae ▲
Enterococcus saccharolyticus ▲
Erwinia spp T ▲
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae ▲ ▲
Escherichia coli ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Escherichia fergusonii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Escherichia hermannii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Escherichia vulneris ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Eubacterium limosum ▲ ▲
Ewingella americana ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Finegoldia magna Peptostreptococcus magnus T ▲
Fusobacterium mortiferum ▲ ▲
Fusobacterium necrogenes ▲
Fusobacterium necrophorum T ▲
Fusobacterium necrophorum ssp funduliforme ••• T
Fusobacterium necrophorum ssp necrophorum ••• T
Fusobacterium necrophorum/nucleatum ▲
Fusobacterium nucleatum T ▲
Fusobacterium varium ▲ ▲
Gardnerella vaginalis ▲ ▲ ▲
Gemella haemolysans ▲ ▲
Gemella morbillorum ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Geobacillus stearothermophilus Bacillus stearothermophilus ▲
Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius ▲
Geotrichum candidum T T T
Geotrichum capitatum T ▲ ▲
Geotrichum fermentans T
Geotrichum klebahnii Geotrichum penicillatum ▲ T
Geotrichum spp ▲ ▲
Globicatella sanguinis ••• ▲ ▲
Gordonia spp Gordona spp T
Granulicatella adiacens Abiotrophia adiacens ▲ ▲
Grimontia hollisae Vibrio hollisae ▲ ▲ ▲
Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans T
Haemophilus aphrophilus T
Haemophilus aphrophilus/paraphrophilus ▲
Haemophilus influenzae ▲
Haemophilus influenzae biotype I T
Haemophilus influenzae biotype II T
changed taxonomy former taxonomy
new species
species described below •••
species present in database ▲
species identifiable with additional tests T
19
Rapid ID 32 Strep
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Haemophilus influenzae biotype III T
Haemophilus influenzae biotype IV T
Haemophilus influenzae biotype V T
Haemophilus influenzae biotype VI T
Haemophilus influenzae biotype VII T
Haemophilus influenzae biotype VIII T
Haemophilus paragallinarum ▲
Haemophilus parainfluenzae ▲
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype I T
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype II T
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype III T
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype IV T
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype VI T
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype VII T
Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype VIII T
Haemophilus paraphrophilus T
Hafnia alvei ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Helicobacter cinaedi ▲
Helicobacter fennelliae ▲
Helicobacter pylori ▲
Histophilus somni “Haemophilus somnus” ▲
Klebsiella oxytoca ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp ozaenae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp rhinoscleromatis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Kloeckera apiculata T T
Kloeckera apis T T
Kloeckera apis/apiculata ▲
Kloeckera japonica T ▲
Kloeckera spp ▲
Kluyvera ascorbata T T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Kluyvera cryocrescens T T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Kluyvera spp ▲ ▲
Kocuria kristinae ▲ ▲
Kocuria rosea T ▲
Kocuria varians T ▲
Kocuria varians/rosea ▲
Kodamaea ohmeri Pichia ohmeri ▲ ▲
Kytococcus sedentarius T
Lactobacillus acidophilus T ▲ ▲
Lactobacillus acidophilus/jensenii ▲
Lactobacillus brevis ▲
Lactobacillus buchneri ▲
Lactobacillus collinoides ▲
Lactobacillus coprophilus T
Lactobacillus crispatus ▲
Lactobacillus curvatus T
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Lactobacillus curvatus ssp curvatus Lactobacillus curvatus ▲
Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp bulgaricus ▲
Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp delbrueckii ▲
Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp lactis ▲
Lactobacillus fermentum Lactobacillus cellobiosus ▲
Lactobacillus fructivorans ▲
Lactobacillus helveticus ▲
Lactobacillus jensenii T
Lactobacillus lindneri ▲
Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei ▲
Lactobacillus pentosus ▲
Lactobacillus plantarum ▲
Lactobacillus rhamnosus ▲
Lactobacillus salivarius ▲
Lactococcus garvieae ▲
Lactococcus lactis ssp cremoris ▲ ▲ ▲
Lactococcus lactis ssp hordniae ▲
Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis ▲ ▲ ▲
Lactococcus raffinolactis ▲ ▲
Leclercia adecarboxylata ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Leifsonia aquatica Corynebacterium aquaticum T
Leptotrichia buccalis ▲
Leuconostoc citreum ▲
Leuconostoc lactis ▲
Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp cremoris ▲
Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp dextranicum T
Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp mesenteroides T
Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp mesenteroides/dextranicum ▲
Leuconostoc spp ▲ ▲
Listeria grayi ▲ ▲ ▲
Listeria innocua T T ▲ T
Listeria ivanovii T T ▲ T
Listeria monocytogenes T T ▲ T
Listeria monocytogenes/innocua ▲
Listeria seeligeri T T ▲ T
Listeria spp ▲ ▲ ▲
Listeria welshimeri T T ▲ T
Mannheimia haemolytica Pasteurella haemolytica T T
Mannheimia haemolytica/Pasteurella trehalosi Pasteurella haemolytica T ▲ ▲
Methylobacterium mesophilicum ▲ ▲
Microbacterium spp Aureobacterium spp T
Microbacterium spp/Leifsonia aquatica ▲
Micrococcus luteus T ▲
Micrococcus lylae T ▲
Micrococcus spp ▲
Micromonas micros Peptostreptococcus micros T ▲
Mobiluncus curtisii T
changed taxonomy former taxonomy
new species
species described below •••
species present in database ▲
species identifiable with additional tests T
23
Rapid ID 32 Strep
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Mobiluncus mulieris T
Mobiluncus spp ▲
Moellerella wisconsensis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis Branhamella catarrhalis ▲
Moraxella lacunata ▲ T ▲
Moraxella nonliquefaciens T T
Moraxella osloensis T T ▲
Moraxella spp T ▲ T
Morganella morganii ▲ ▲ ▲ T ▲ ▲
Morganella morganii ssp morganii ▲ ▲
Morganella morganii ssp sibonii ▲
Myroides spp T ▲ T ▲
Myroides spp/Chryseobacterium indologenes ▲
Neisseria cinerea ▲
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ▲
Neisseria lactamica ▲
Neisseria meningitidis ▲
Neisseria mucosa T
Neisseria polysaccharea ▲
Neisseria sicca T
Neisseria spp ▲
Neisseria subflava T
Nocardia spp T
Non-fermenter spp ▲
Ochrobactrum anthropi ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Oerskovia turbata Cellulomonas turbata T
Oligella spp ▲
Oligella ureolytica ▲ T
Oligella urethralis T T
Paenibacillus alvei ▲
Paenibacillus amylolyticus ▲
Paenibacillus glucanolyticus ▲
Paenibacillus lautus ▲
Paenibacillus macerans ▲
Paenibacillus pabuli T
Paenibacillus polymyxa ▲
Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus ▲
Paenibacillus validus ▲
Pantoea agglomerans ▲
Pantoea dispersa ▲
Pantoea spp ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Pasteurella aerogenes ▲ ▲ ▲
Pasteurella multocida ▲ ▲ ▲
Pasteurella pneumotropica T ▲ ▲
Pasteurella pneumotropica/Mannheimia haemolytica ▲
Pasteurella spp ▲
Pasteurella trehalosi T T
changed taxonomy former taxonomy
new species
species described below •••
species present in database ▲
species identifiable with additional tests T
25
Rapid ID 32 Strep
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Pediococcus acidilactici ▲
Pediococcus damnosus ▲
Pediococcus pentosaceus ▲
Pediococcus spp ▲
Peptococcus niger T
Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus ▲ ▲
Peptoniphilus indolicus Peptostreptococcus indolicus T ▲
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius T ▲
Peptostreptococcus group ▲
Photobacterium damselae Photobacterium damsela ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Photobacterium damselae ssp damselae ••• T
Photobacterium damselae ssp piscicida ••• T
Pichia angusta Hansenula polymorpha ▲
Pichia farinosa ▲
Plesiomonas shigelloides ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Porphyromonas asaccharolytica ▲ ▲
Porphyromonas endodontalis ▲
Porphyromonas gingivalis ▲
Prevotella bivia ▲ ▲
Prevotella buccae ▲
Prevotella buccalis ▲
Prevotella denticola ▲
Prevotella disiens T ▲
Prevotella intermedia T ▲
Prevotella intermedia/disiens ▲
Prevotella loescheii ▲
Prevotella melaninogenica T ▲
Prevotella melaninogenica/oralis ▲
Prevotella oralis T ▲
Propionibacterium acnes ▲ ▲ ▲
Propionibacterium avidum T ▲
Propionibacterium granulosum ▲ ▲
Propionibacterium propionicus Propionibacterium propionicum T ▲
Propionibacterium propionicus/avidum ▲
Proteus mirabilis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Proteus penneri ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Proteus vulgaris T
Proteus vulgaris group ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Prototheca wickerhamii ▲
Providencia alcalifaciens T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Providencia alcalifaciens/rustigianii ▲
Providencia rettgeri ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Providencia rustigianii T ▲ ▲ ▲
Providencia stuartii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Providencia stuartii/alcalifaciens ▲
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas aeruginosa/fluorescens/putida ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Pseudomonas alcaligenes T ▲
Pseudomonas fluorescens T ▲ ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas fluorescens/putida ▲
Pseudomonas luteola Chryseomonas luteola ▲ ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas mendocina ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas oryzihabitans Flavimonas oryzihabitans ▲ ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes T
Pseudomonas putida T ▲ ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas spp ▲ T
Pseudomonas stutzeri ▲ ▲
Pseudomonas/Comamonas spp ▲
Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus ▲ T
Rahnella aquatilis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Ralstonia pickettii ▲ ▲
Raoultella ornithinolytica Klebsiella ornithinolytica ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ T
Raoultella planticola Klebsiella planticola T T ▲ ▲ T T
Raoultella spp ▲
Raoultella terrigena Klebsiella terrigena ▲ T ▲ ▲ ▲ T
Rhizobium radiobacter Agrobacterium radiobacter ▲ ▲ ▲
Rhodococcus equi T
Rhodococcus spp ▲
Rhodotorula glutinis ▲ ▲
Rhodotorula minuta ▲ ▲
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ▲ ▲
Rothia dentocariosa ▲
Rothia mucilaginosa Stomatococcus mucilaginosus T ▲
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▲ ▲ ▲
Saccharomyces kluyverii ▲
Salmonella choleraesuis ssp arizonae Salmonella arizonae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Salmonella choleraesuis ssp choleraesuis Salmonella choleraesuis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Salmonella enteritidis T
Salmonella ser.Gallinarum Salmonella gallinarum ▲ ▲ T ▲
Salmonella ser.Paratyphi A Salmonella paratyphi A ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Salmonella ser.Paratyphi B Salmonella paratyphi B T
Salmonella ser.Pullorum Salmonella pullorum ▲ ▲ T ▲
Salmonella spp ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Salmonella typhi ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Salmonella typhimurium T ▲
Serratia ficaria ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ T
Serratia fonticola ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Serratia grimesii ▲
Serratia liquefaciens ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ T
Serratia liquefaciens/plymuthica ▲
Serratia marcescens ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Serratia odorifera ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Serratia plymuthica ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ T
Serratia proteamaculans ▲ ▲ T
changed taxonomy former taxonomy
new species
species described below •••
species present in database ▲
species identifiable with additional tests T
29
Rapid ID 32 Strep
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Serratia rubidaea ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Shewanella putrefaciens group Shewanella putrefaciens ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Shigella boydii T ▲ T
Shigella dysenteriae T ▲ T
Shigella flexneri T ▲ T
Shigella sonnei ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Shigella spp ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Sphingobacterium multivorum ▲ ▲ T ▲
Sphingobacterium spiritivorum ▲ T ▲
Sphingomonas paucimobilis ▲ ▲ ▲
Sporobolomyces salmonicolor ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus arlettae ▲
Staphylococcus aureus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus auricularis ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus capitis ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus caprae ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus carnosus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus chromogenes ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus cohnii ssp cohnii ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus cohnii ssp urealyticus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus epidermidis ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus equorum ▲
Staphylococcus gallinarum ▲
Staphylococcus haemolyticus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus hominis ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus hyicus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus intermedius T ▲
Staphylococcus kloosii ▲
Staphylococcus lentus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus lugdunensis ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus saccharolyticus ▲
Staphylococcus saprophyticus ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus schleiferi ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus sciuri ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus simulans ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus warneri ▲ ▲
Staphylococcus xylosus ▲ ▲
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ▲ ▲ T ▲ ▲ ▲
Stephanoascus ciferrii Candida ciferrii ▲ ▲
Streptococcus acidominimus T T
Streptococcus agalactiae ▲ ▲
Streptococcus alactolyticus ▲
Streptococcus anginosus ▲ ▲
Streptococcus bovis T T
Streptococcus bovis I ▲ ▲
Streptococcus bovis II ▲ ▲
Streptococcus canis ▲ ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Streptococcus constellatus ▲ ▲ ▲
Streptococcus constellatus ssp constellatus ••• T T
Streptococcus constellatus ssp pharyngis ••• T T
Streptococcus downei T
Streptococcus downei/sobrinus ▲
Streptococcus dysgalactiae ssp dysgalactiae ▲ ▲
Streptococcus dysgalactiae ssp equisimilis ▲ ▲
Streptococcus equi ssp equi ▲ ▲
Streptococcus equi ssp zooepidemicus ▲ ▲
Streptococcus equinus ▲ ▲
Streptococcus gallolyticus ssp gallolyticus ••• T T
Streptococcus gallolyticus ssp pasteurianus ••• T T
Streptococcus gordonii ▲
Streptococcus group L ▲ ▲
Streptococcus infantarius ssp coli ••• T T
Streptococcus infantarius ssp infantarius ••• T T
Streptococcus intermedius ▲ ▲ ▲
Streptococcus mitis ▲ ▲
Streptococcus mutans ▲ ▲
Streptococcus oralis ▲ ▲
Streptococcus parasanguinis Streptococcus parasanguis ▲
Streptococcus pluranimalium ••• T T
Streptococcus pneumoniae ▲ ▲
Streptococcus porcinus ▲ ▲
Streptococcus pyogenes ▲ ▲
Streptococcus salivarius Streptococcus salivarius ssp salivarius ▲ ▲
Streptococcus sanguinis Streptococcus sanguis ▲ ▲
Streptococcus sobrinus T
Streptococcus suis I ▲ ▲
Streptococcus suis II ▲ ▲
Streptococcus thermophilus Streptococcus salivarius ssp thermophilus T ▲ ▲
Streptococcus uberis ▲ ▲
Streptococcus vestibularis ▲
Tatumella ptyseos ▲
Tetragenococcus halophilus ▲
Trichosporon asahii ▲ ▲
Trichosporon asteroides T
Trichosporon inkin ▲ ▲
Trichosporon mucoides ▲ ▲
Trichosporon ovoides T
Trichosporon spp ▲
Turicella otitidis T
Veillonella parvula ▲
Veillonella spp ▲
Vibrio alginolyticus ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Vibrio alginolyticus/parahaemolyticus ▲
Vibrio cholerae ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Rapid ID 32 A
Rapid ID 32 E
API 20 C AUX
API 20 Strep
API Candida
ID 32 Staph
API 50 CHB
API 50 CHE
API 50 CHL
API Coryne
API Campy
API Listeria
Rapid 20 E
API 20 NE
API Staph
ID 32 GN
API 20 A
API 20 E
API 10 S
ID 32 C
API NH
ID 32 E
Vibrio fluvialis ▲ ▲ T ▲ ▲ ▲
Vibrio metschnikovii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Vibrio mimicus ▲ T ▲ ▲
Vibrio parahaemolyticus ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Vibrio vulnificus ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Vibrio vulnificus/cholerae ▲
Virgibacillus pantothenticus Bacillus pantothenticus ▲
Wautersia paucula CDC gr.IV C-2 - Ralstonia paucula ▲ ▲
Weeksella virosa T T
Weeksella virosa/Bergeyella zoohelcum ▲
Weeksella virosa/Empedobacter brevis ▲
Weissella confusa “Lactobacillus coprophilus” ▲
Weissella viridescens ▲
Williopsis saturnus Hansenula saturnus ▲
Xanthomonas campestris ▲
Yersinia aldovae ▲ ▲
Yersinia enterocolitica ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Yersinia frederiksenii T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Yersinia frederiksenii/intermedia ▲
Yersinia intermedia T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Yersinia kristensenii ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Yersinia pestis ▲ ▲ ▲
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Yersinia ruckeri T ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Zygosaccharomyces spp ▲
37
• Streptococcus infantarius (ref. 39).
Formerly identified as S. bovis biotype II.1.
(infantarius relating to infants, the source of the reference strain).
Lancefield group D antigen is present in 40% of strains.
39
Most of the species in these genera are saprophytic and many are
widespread in natural settings.
Although certain species are opportunistic or obligate pathogens
in animals (humans, mammals, insects), the primary habitats
of these microorganisms are soils of all types, fresh and salt water
and sediments.
The spores survive easily in habitats other than their original
environment, such as food products and industrial sites.
As they are ubiquitous in the environment and resistant,
these microorganisms pose real contamination problems:
• They can colonize entire facilities and become true competitors
in fermentation processes, potentially leading to costly stoppages
while contaminated production facilities are cleaned.
Moreover, the spores adhere strongly to surfaces, making
cleaning operations particularly difficult.
BACILLUS AND • The spores withstand certain manufacturing processes
RELATED GENERA and can contaminate or deteriorate end products consumed
by at-risk populations (children, elderly people,
Gram-positive rods which form
immunodepressed subjects).
an endospore are generally assigned
Dried foods such as spices, powdered milk and flour products
to the genus Bacillus.
are often highly contaminated by spores.
In recent years, the genus has been divided
and over a dozen new genera of aerobic
Conversely, some of these microorganisms are used in industrial
endospore-forming bacteria have been
manufacturing processes.
proposed:
For example, strains of Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Brevibacillus are
used in a variety of industries, from foodstuffs to detergents and
Alicyclobacillus Salibacillus leather treatment processes.
Amnophilus Sporosarcina Certain antibiotic molecules (polymyxin B, bacitracin, etc.) are
Amphibacillus Sulfobacillus produced by specific Bacillus strains.
Aneurinibacillus Thermobacillus In agriculture, the insecticidal or antifungal activity of certain species
Brevibacillus Ureidobacillus is harnessed to protect crops.
Filobacillus Virgibacillus
Geobacillus
Gracibacillus
Halobacillus
Jeotgalibacillus
Marinibacillus
Paenibacillus
41
Other species are isolated less frequently, in infections
caused by accidental or surgical traumas,
food poisoning or, more seriously, in cases of endocarditis
and septicaemia (ref. 65).
The following new species have been added to the API 50CHB
database:
• Bacillus smithii
• Bacillus fusiformis (in the “non-reactive Bacillus” group)
• Bacillus badius (in the “non-reactive Bacillus” group)
New species added: These two genera stem from the reclassification of Bacillus brevis
and Bacillus aneurinilyticus.
Five species of Aneurinibacillus and 13 species of Brevibacillus
have been described to date.
Bacillus
The following new species have been added to the API 50CHB
Bacillus species are mainly environmental database:
microorganisms. • Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus
In their primary habitat, soil, they have roles • Brevibacillus agri
in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. • Brevibacillus choshinensis
The resistance of Bacillus spores is a major (in the “non-reactive Brevibacillus” group)
issue in both medicine and industry. • Brevibacillus centrosporus
Furthermore, the adherence of the (in the “non-reactive Brevibacillus” group)
spores further complicates matters in • Brevibacillus borstelensis
industrial processes (food processing, (in the “non-reactive Brevibacillus” group)
medicinal products, disposable sterile equipment). Bacillus
cereus spores, for example, adhere well
to stainless steel surfaces and cause serious problems
in food processing plants.
Pathogenic species:
Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), Bacillus cereus
(food poisoning), Paenibacillus larvae
(pathogenic for honey bees) have known
pathogenic properties.
43
Paenibacillus
The following new species have been added to the API 50CHB
database:
• Paenibacillus amylolyticus
• Paenibacillus glucanolyticus
Geobacillus • Paenibacillus lautus
• Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus
This new genus (ref. 13) was formerly classified • Paenibacillus validus
in Bacillus group 5. • Paenibacillus pabuli (associated with Paenibacillus polymyxa)
It comprises thermophilic species isolated
from various sources such as geothermal water,
tainted foodstuffs and organic compost.
It apparently plays a role in the equilibrium of Virgibacillus
certain thermal biotopes and temperate soils.
The genus Virgibacillus was proposed (ref. 62) to accommodate
The following new species has been added to Bacillus pantothenticus and members of this genus show salt
the API 50CHB database: tolerance, or their growth is stimulated by salt.
• Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius Bacillus pantothenticus was initially isolated in various soil samples
from the south of England and was subsequently detected in food
products, water and bile samples.
The following new species has been added to the API 50CHB
database:
• Virgibacillus pantothenticus
45
test and Lipase activity can be used to distinguish between them.
Fusobacterium necrophorum ssp necrophorum strains were
isolated primarily from pathological animal lesions and
Fusobacterium necrophorum ssp funduliforme strains from
animal digestive tracts.
47
For your information, the current nomenclature is as follows:
• Salmonella choleraesuis
Salmonella enterica
• Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella ser.Typhimurium
• Salmonella typhi
Salmonella ser.Typhi
• Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella ser.Enteritidis
• Former nomenclature
New nomenclature
49
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1 • YABUUCHI (E.), KAWAMURA (Y.), KOSAKO (Y.) and EZAKI (T.): Emendation of the
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proposal of Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) comb. nov., Achromobacter
piechaudii (Kiredjian et al.) comb. nov., and Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp.
denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) comb. nov., (1998) Microbiol. Immunol., 42, 429-438.
2 • EZAKI (T.), KAWAMURA (Y.), LI (N.), LI (Z.Y.), ZHAO (L.) and SHU (S.): Proposal of
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5 • Kurtzman (C.P.) & Fell. (J.W.) The Yeasts: a taxonomic study – 4.0 edition (1998) Elsevier
6 • MORA (D.), SCARPELLINI (M.), FRANZETTI (L.), COLOMBO (S.) and GALLI (A.):
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7 • SCHUMANN (P.), WEISS (N.) and STACKEBRANDT (E.): Reclassification of
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9 • KAGEYAMA (A.), BENNO (Y.) and NAKASE (T.): Phylogenetic and phenotypic
evidence for the transfer of Eubacterium aerofaciens to the genus Collinsella as
Collinsella aerofaciens gen. nov., comb. nov. (1999) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 49, 557-565.
10 • WEN (A.), FEGAN (M.), HAYWARD (C.), CHAKRABORTY (S.) and SLY (L.I.):
Phylogenetic relationships among members of the Comamonadaceae, and description
of Delftia acidovorans (den Dooren de Jong 1926 and Tamaoka et al. 1987) gen. nov.,
comb. nov. (1999) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 49, 567-576.
11 • KAGEYAMA (A.), BENNO (Y.) and NAKASE (T.): Phylogenetic evidence for the
transfer of Eubacterium lentum to the genus Eggerthella as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov.,
comb. nov. (1999) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 49, 1725-1732.
12 • MURDOCH (D.A.) and SHAH (H.N.): Reclassification of Peptostreptococcus
magnus (Prevot 1933) Holdeman and Moore 1972 as Finegoldia magna comb. nov.
and Peptostreptococcus micros (Prevot 1933) Smith 1957 as Micromonas micros comb.
nov. (1999) Anaerobe, 5, 555-559.
51
19 • TORRIANI (S.), VAN REENEN (C.A.), KLEIN (G.), REUTER (G.), DELLAGLIO (F.) and
DICKS (L.M.T.): Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. curvatus subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus
curvatus subsp. melibiosus subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus sake subsp. sake subsp. nov.
and Lactobacillus sake subsp. carnosus subsp. nov., new subspecies of Lactobacillus
curvatus Abo-Elnaga and Kandler 1965 and Lactobacillus sake Katagiri, Kitahara, and
Fukami 1934 (Klein et al. 1996, emended descriptions), respectively. (1996) Int. J. Syst.
Bacteriol., 46, 1158-1163.
20 • ROGOSA (M.), WISEMAN (R.F.), MITCHELL (J.A.) and DISRAELY (M.N.): Species
differentiation of oral lactobacilli from man including descriptions of Lactobacillus
salivarius nov. spec. and Lactobacillus cellobiosus nov. spec. (1953) J. Bacteriol,
65, 681-699.
21 • EVTUSHENKO (L.I.), DOROFEEVA (L.V.), SUBBOTIN (S.A.), COLE (J.R.) and TIEDJE
(J.M.): Leifsonia poae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from nematode galls on Poa annua,
and reclassification of 'Corynebacterium aquaticum' Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica
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(E.V.), GRIGORYAN (A.A.), IVANOVA (A.E.), LYSENKO (A.M.), DNA hybridizations and 16S rRNA sequencing with proposal of Mannheimia
PETRUNYAKA (V.V.), OSIPOV (G.A.), BELYAEV (S.S.) and IVANOV (M.V.): haemolytica gen. nov., comb. nov., Mannheimia granulomatis comb. nov.,
Taxonomic study of aerobic thermophilic bacilli: descriptions of Mannheimia glucosida sp. nov., Mannheimia ruminalis sp. nov. and Mannheimia
Geobacillus subterraneus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Geobacillus uzenensis varigena sp. nov. (1999) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 49, 67-86.
sp. nov. from petroleum reservoirs and transfer of Bacillus 23 • TAKEUCHI (M.) and HATANO (K.): Union of the genera Microbacterium
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G. stearothermophilus, G. thermocatenulatus, G. thermoleovorans, and SCHUMANN (P.): Re-evaluation of the status of the genus Oerskovia,
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Abiotrophia (Kawamura et al.) is not monophyletic: proposal of Janssen and Surgalla to the genus Photobacterium as Photobacterium damsela subsp.
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53
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29 • DRANCOURT (M.), BOLLET (C.), CARTA (A.) and ROUSSELIER (P.): gene (sodA) sequences: reclassification of 'Streptococcus infantarius subsp. coli' as
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55
46 • SHINJO (T.), FUJISAWA (T.) and MITSUOKA (T.): Proposal of two
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Our special thanks go to Professor Jean Freney from the Microbiology Laboratory International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes, Xth International (IUMS)
Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology. Minutes of the meetings, 28, 29
at Edouard Herriot Hospital in Lyons (France) and Professor Niall Logan of Glasgow and 31 July and 1 August 2002, Paris, France. (2005) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 55,
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57
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