Docu NG Arduino
Docu NG Arduino
INTRODUCTION
Home Automation system is growing rapidly, they are used to provide comfort,
convenience, quality of life and security for residents. Home automation system can be designed
and developed by using a single controller which can control and monitor different
interconnected appliances such as power plugs, lights, temperature and humidity sensors, smoke,
gas and fire detectors as well as emergency and security systems. One of the greatest advantages
of home automation system is that it can be controlled and managed easily from an array of
devices such as smartphone, tablet, desktop and laptop. The rapid growth of wireless
technologies influences us to use smartphones to remotely control and monitor the home
appliances around the world.
WHAT IS ARDUINO?
Arduino is an open source electronic platform based on easy to use hardware and
software. It’s intended for anyone making interactive projects. Arduino can take the input from
many sensors attached to it and can give the output to many lights, motors etc.
Arduino platform mainly contains a Hardware Board called Arduino Board and Software
Arduino IDE to program it.
PARTS OF ARDUINO
A. OBJECTIVES
1. To Expose student and gain more knowledge about Arduino
2. To increase student’s thinking ability by producing invention that can make people life
easier.
3. To Exposed students with teamwork project as preparation for work lifestyle in future
4. To enhance critical thinking
STUDENTS
- The results will provide the students with some knowledge on creating Arduino
FAMILIES
- Families will benefit from this study they can leave their house at ease because there’s
the Arduino that will alarm them when something unexpected happens at home.
HISTORY OF AUTOMATION
- Early home automation began with labor-saving machines. Self-contained electric or
gas powered home appliances became viable in the 1900s with the introduction
of electric power distribution and led to the introduction of washing
machines (1904), water heaters (1889), refrigerators, sewing machines, dishwashers,
and clothes dryers.
- Home automation system has been around World War 1 (1914), in fact, the television
remote was patented in 1983. Since then different home automation system have
evolved with a sharp rise after the second World War. Its growth has been through
various informal research and designs by technology enthusiasts who want a better
way of getting things done at home without much effort on their part.
- In 1975, the first general purpose home automation network technology, X10, was
developed. It is a communication protocol for electronic devices. It primarily
uses electric power transmission wiring for signaling and control, where the signals
involve brief radio frequency bursts of digital data, and remains the most widely
available. By 1978, X10 products included a 16 channel command console, a lamp
module, and an appliance module. Soon after came the wall switch module and the
first X10 timer.
- A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A
Gsm mobile phone, a GSM modem requires a SIM card from a wireless carrier in
order to operate
- Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy to use hardware and
software. Arduino board can read inputs – light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a
Twitter message and turn it into an output activating a motor, turning on an LED. You
can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller
on the board. We use Arduino Software (IDE).
SYPNOSIS
Bluetooth based home automation system gives complete control over home appliance
if the user is in range of Bluetooth network. The Bluetooth system uses a PC or smartphone as
receiver device. It has a high communication rate, great security and low cost, so it can be
implemented as a real time system. Bluetooth network has limited range of 10 meters if the
smartphone is out of range, then it will not be able to control the home appliances, this is one of
the main disadvantages of Bluetooth based home automation system.
Voice recognition-based home automation systems are most useful for handicapped
and elderly persons, who wants to control home appliances by speaking voice commands. Voice
of every human contains unique features, so this such system has greater security. An operating
system for Android smartphones has built-in voice recognition feature that can use for voice
recognition tool for home automation system. The main drawback of this system is that
communication between user and voice recognition tool depends on signal to noise ratio (SNR),
if voice signal is noisy then communication can highly effect and the system will fail to show
accuracy. This system has a limited remote-control range due to use of Bluetooth, but it can be
increased by using the internet, but this solution will not be cost efficient.
ZigBee technology is almost same Bluetooth and its advantages and disadvantages are
also like Bluetooth technology. It is one of the broadly used transceiver standard with low data
rate and power. It has physical range is between 10 to 20 meters, which can increase up to 150
meters by using direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). It is ideal for developing prototypes
and research related activities.
In GSM based home automation systems, communication between main module and
appliances is done through text messages. GSM system allows the user to control and monitor
the home appliances around the world and its cost depends upon the distance between user and
home appliance. The main drawback of GSM based home automation system is that, there is no
guarantee text message deliver to the system every time, so it is not a reliable system. Thus, such
home automation system cannot be implemented as a real time system.
Internet of things (IoT) based home automation systems is flexible and reliable.
Communication between home appliances and user is done through internet. Any smartphone
that can support 3G, 4G or Wi-Fi can be used for transmitting commands from user to server
which is further connected with home appliances. One of prominent advantage of IoT based
home automation system is that if Wi-Fi is not available, then user can switch to 3G or 4G
services to control the system.
EnOcean is better than above discussed technologies in term of energy because it is self-
power device. It is new technology and assure promising future for research activities to improve
the system. Data rate of EnOcean is approximately 125 kbps, which is higher than above
discussed technology, but the ZigBee data rate can increase up to 250 kbps using Quadrature
Phase Shift Keying (QPSK).
III. METHODOLOGY
A. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
B. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT NEEDED
C. PROCEDURES
D. DATA AND RESULTS
IV. CONCLUSION
- At last we concluded that Arduino is a very useful tool to execute quite hard
electronic circuits in a simpler manner
V. RECOMMENDATION
In consonance with the project work and in view of the researched methods and
undertakings in the project design, the following are recommended:
- The department should help the students in getting components that are not locally
available.
- Students should be taught how to make embedded systems as the use of computer
software in most project work makes it uneconomical, and the use of the conventional
integrated circuits and logic gates makes the project work clumsy.
- Finally, this project can be further developed to control more than one home
appliance at once through the use of short message service texts rather than voice dial
though it will be more expensive and will require more relay circuits, making it a
distributed control home automation system. Also, to cut the cost of mobile phone,
the project may be implemented using standalone GSM modems that only perform
specialised functions like text messaging and/or phone calls. This GSM modems
often are cheaper and more reliable than GSM mobile phones.
VI. REFERENCES
- Efy, S. T. (2010, December 23). Electronics For You. Retrieved from
Electronicsforu.com: https://electronicsforu.com/resources/learn-electronics/wireless-
technology-types-home-automation
- OLALEKAN, O. M. (n.d.). Academia.edu. Retrieved from Academia.edu:
https://www.academia.edu/7130278/INDIVIDUAL_CONTROL_HOME_AUTOMA
TION_SYSTEM
VII. APPENDIX
A. ILLUSTRATION
B. PHOTOS
C. ATTACHMENTS
APPLICATION
The project is designed by using Arduino Uno board for the development of home automation
system with Bluetooth which is remotely controlled and operated by an Android OS smart
phone. Houses are becoming smarter and well developed by using such kind of advanced
technologies. Modern houses are gradually increasing the way of design by shifting to
centralized control system with remote controlled switches instead of conventional switches.
In order to achieve this, a Bluetooth module is interfaced to the Arduino Uno board at the
receiver end while on the transmitter end, a Graphical User Interface application on the cell
phone sends ON/OFF commands to the receiver where loads are connected. By touching the
identified location on the Graphical User Interface, lamps are used as loads in this project can be
turned ON/OFF remotely by using this technology. The loads are operated by using Arduino Uno
board through thyristors using triacs and OPTO-Isolators.