STRATEGIES FOR REVITALISATION OF HERITAGE AREA

LINKED TO SERVICE PROVISION

BY,
M.ANIRUDH
13011BA020.

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF

Mr. QUAZI TAUSIF IQBAL,
Department of URP.

DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING

SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ARCHITECTURE & FINE ARTS UNIVERSITY, SPA,
MASABTANK, HYDERABAD.

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 JNAFAU SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE
Mahaveer marg, Hyderabad – 500 028

DEPARTMENT OF URBAN & REGIONAL PLANNING

CERTIFICATE

I certify that the planning thesis entitled “Strategies for revitalization of heritage area linked to
service provision” submitted by M. Anirudh bearing Roll No. 13011BA020 in partial fulfilment
of the requirements for the award of Degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(PLANNING) of this University, is a bonafide work to the best of my/our knowledge and may be
placed before the Examination Board for their consideration.

____________________ ____________________

Mr. Quazi tausif Iqbal Mrs. Tuhina Sinha

Thesis Supervisor Thesis Coordinator

____________________ ____________________

Mrs. E. Sandhya Reddy

Co-coordinator External Examiner
Department of Urban and Regional Planning

____________________

Dr. S. Kumar
Principal

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ABSTRACT
Ward-49 of circle-6 OF GHMC (Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation), is well known
for its rich culture and built heritage. This ward has the most number of heritage structures and
compared to the whole nation consists of 15% of total heritage structures in India including
Charminar, Mecca masjid, Chowmahalla palace, City College and High court of
Telangana state. It is also one of the important tourist destinations. The study area is one of
the Conservation area’s which has been identified by the development plan. This heritage area
has number of architectural and heritage buildings of high significance, which requires
identification and notification. The report focuses on the issues faced by the public due to lack
of public utilities in the area as per the guidelines of HRIDAY (heritage city revitalisation and
augmentation yojana) scheme which includes provision of public toilets, dustbins and foot path
wherever necessary. The people who visit the area include tourists (both local & international),
visitors and commuters. Hence, strategies are given as per the requirements of these people to
meet their needs in the Indian context under various guidelines of Indian standards.

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the thesis entitled “Strategies for revitalization of heritage area linked to
service provision.” which is submitted for the partial fulfilment of degree of bachelors in Urban
and Regional planning of the Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, Hyderabad,
is the result of the work carried out by me in the School of Planning and Architecture. I worked
under the guidance of Mr Tausif Iqbal.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As the student of Urban and Regional Planning, I really feel greatly privileged and also
highly passionate in preparing this report on “Strategies for revitalisation of heritage area
linked to services provision.” This document has been prepared with the generous support
of my guide Mr. Quazi Tausif Iqbal sir.
I take this opportunity to thank my respected Coordinator Mrs. Sandhya reddy and all our
faculty for giving their valuable suggestions from the initial stages of the project and also
creating an environment of enthusiasm and for their motivation. I also thank them for
extending their cooperation whenever required.

Yours sincerely,
M. Anirudh.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 BACKGROUND: ................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 AIM: ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.3 OBJECTIVES: ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.4 METHODOLOGY: ................................................................................................................ 2
2 LITERATURE STUDY.................................................................................................................. 3
2.1.1 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF RICH HERITAGE IN INDIA: ...................... 3
2.1.2 HISTORIC OR HERITAGE SITE: ................................................................................ 3
2.1.3 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN REVITALISATION, CONSERVATION,
PRESERVATION, REJUVENATION, RESTORATION, REDEVELOPMENT: ....................... 3
2.1.4 HRIDAY SCHEME ........................................................................................................ 4
2.2 STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC AMINITIES: .......................................................................... 7
2.2.1 SANITATION FACILITIES AS PUBLIC TOILETS &SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT:........................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.2 AS PER THE STANDARDS OF SWACHH BHARATH ............................................. 7
2.2.3 STREET FURNITURE: ................................................................................................. 7
2.2.4 PARKING FACILITIES: ............................................................................................... 7
3 DESKTOP STUDY ........................................................................................................................ 8
3.1 URAN, NAVI MUMBAI CITY: ............................................................................................ 8
3.1.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 8
3.1.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT ................................................................................................ 9
3.1.3 THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS ASSIGNMENT:............................................................. 9
3.1.4 HISTORY OF URAN ................................................................................................... 10
3.1.5 BASE MAP OF DEULWADI PRECINCT: ................................................................. 11
3.1.6 LAND USE MAP OF DEULWADI PRECINCT: ....................................................... 12
3.1.7 BUILDING HEIGHTS MAP OF THE PRECINCT..................................................... 13
3.1.8 OWNERSHIP MAP OF THE PRECINCT: ................................................................. 14
3.1.9 STAGE-WISE PROCESS: ........................................................................................... 15
3.1.10 VISION AND STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION OF THE DEULWADI
PRECINCT ................................................................................................................................... 15
3.1.11 SUMMARY OF BLOCK COST ESTIMATE: ............................................................ 18
3.2 DESKTOP STUDY - REVITALIZATION STRATEGIES IN IRANIAN HISTORICAL
CITY CORES (THE CASE OF SHIRAZ) ....................................................................................... 18
3.2.1 INTRODUCTION: ....................................................................................................... 18
3.2.2 SHIRAZ FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION ................................................ 19

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 3.2.3 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ........................................................................... 22
4 INTRODUCTION TO STUDY AREA ........................................................................................ 24
4.1 Location of the study area: .................................................................................................... 24
4.2 CHRONOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE STUDY AREA: .......................... 25
4.3 MAP SHOWING HISTORICAL STRUCTURES IN THE AREA: .................................... 26
4.4 ANALYSIS OEXISTING PUBLIC AMINITIES AS PER THE GUIDELINES OF
HRIDAY SCHEME IN THE STUDY AREA:................................................................................. 27
4.4.1 SANITATION FACILITIES AS PUBLIC TOILETS & SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT:......................................................................................................................... 27
5 ISSUES: ........................................................................................................................................ 36
5.1 ISSUE-1: LACK OF PUBLIC TOILETS AND DUST BINS .............................................. 36
5.2 ISSUE-2: LACK OF PARKING FACILITIES .................................................................... 36
5.3 ISSUE-3: LACK OF PATHWAYS AND STREET FURNITURE ..................................... 36
6 PROPOSALS AND STRATEGIES: ............................................................................................ 37
6.1 PROPOSAL-1: ...................................................................................................................... 37
6.2 PROPOSAL-2: ...................................................................................................................... 37
6.3 PROPOSAL-3: ...................................................................................................................... 37
6.4 PROPOSAL-4: ...................................................................................................................... 37
7 COST ESTIMATION: .................................................................................................................. 38
7.1 FOR SOLAR STREET LAMPS WITH BENCHES AND AN ELECTRIC PLUG POINT:
38
7.2 FOR PORTABLE PUBLIC TOILETS AND DUST BINS:................................................. 38
7.3 FOR SIGN BOARDS AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION BOARDS: .................. 39
7.4 FOR PAVING PATHWAYS / FOOT PATHS: ................................................................... 39
7.5 TOTAL FINAL ESTIMATE: ............................................................................................... 40
7.6 Conclusion: ........................................................................................................................... 40
8 BIBILOGRAPHY: ........................................................................................................................ 41

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LIST OF TABLES
Table-1: Differences between revitalisation, conservation, preservation, rejuvenation, restoration,
redevelopment.
Table-2: Parking space standards.
Table-3: Parking space requirements.
Table-4: Infrastructure and strategies (Uran desktop study).
Table-5: Infrastructure (Uran desktop study).
Table-6: Regulatory planning & management (Uran desktop study).
Table-7: Summary & block estimate (Uran desktop study).
Table-8: Maximum parking accumulation characteristics (on-street).
Table-9: Maximum parking accumulation characteristics (off-street).
Table-10: Number of vehicles parked between TSRTC bus stand – Charminar.
Table-11: Number of vehicles parked between TSRTC Charminar – Gulzar houz.
Table-12: Number of vehicles parked between Gulzar houz – Madina.
Table-13: Grand total of vehicles parked.
Table-14: Proposals and strategies.
Table-15: Total final cost estimate.

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ABBREVATIONS:
▪ HRIDAY – Heritage City Revitalisation and Augmentation Yojana.
▪ GHMC – Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation.
▪ IRC – Indian Road Congress.
▪ ITDP- Institute for Transportation and Development Policies.
▪ URDPFI - Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation & Implementation.
▪ ASI- Archaeological Survey of India.
▪ SB – Swachh Bharath.
▪ LT – Less Than.
▪ GT – Greater Than.

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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND:
India is a country rich in heritage monuments. The heritage of Indian architecture is one of the
evolution and continuity over a period exceeding 5000 years of historical evidence. The last two
decades have seen a phenomenal change in social and professional attitudes towards conservation of
the architectural heritage. Recognition of a broader spectrum of historic architecture has extended the
realm of heritage beyond “protected monuments”. It has also provided new definitions and opened
avenues for greater participation of owners of historical buildings in the process of sharing their assets
with a wider social stratum. Process of caring for a place so as to safeguard its cultural heritage value.
Prolong the life of built environment of historic places so that the future generations can enjoy them
profitably. Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to
future generations.
India is endowed with rich and diverse natural, historic and cultural resources. However, it is yet to
explore the full potential of such resources to its full advantages. Past efforts of conserving historic
and cultural resources in Indian cities and towns have often been carried out in isolation from the
needs and aspirations of the local communities as well as the main urban development issues, such as
local economy, urban planning, livelihoods, service delivery, and infrastructure provision in the areas.
The heritage development of city is not about development and conservation of few monuments, but
development of entire city, its planning, its basic services, quality of life to its communities, its
economy and livelihoods, cleanliness, security, reinvigoration of its’ soul and explicit manifestation of
its character.

1.2 AIM:
To undertake strategic and planned development of heritage area focusing at improvement in service
provision as per the guidelines of HRIDAY.

1.3 OBJECTIVES:
➢ Provision of basic services such as for improved sanitation as toilets and solid waste
management etc.
➢ Development of Heritage walks and street furniture (street lights, benches and sign &
information boards).
➢ Improvement of pathways, parking facilities and public transportation in study area.
➢ Pedestrianisation of tourist attraction areas.

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 1.4 METHODOLOGY:

AIM:
To undertake strategic and planned development of heritage area focusing at improvement in service
provision as per the guidelines of HRIDAY.

OBJECTIVES:
➢ Provision of basic services such as for improved sanitation as toilets and solid waste management
etc.
➢ Development of Heritage walks and street furniture (street lights, benches and sign & information
boards).
➢ Improvement of roads/ pathways, parking facilities and public transportation in study area.
➢ Pedestrianisation of tourist attraction areas.

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

India is endowed with rich and diverse natural, historic and cultural resources. However, it is yet to
explore the full potential of such resources to its full advantages. The study revitalisation of heritage area
is not about development, restoration and conservation of monuments, but development of entire area, its
planning, its basic services, quality of life to its communities, cleanliness, security, reinvigoration of its’
soul and explicit manifestation of its character.

LITERATURE OF THE STUDY AREA

DATA COLLECTION

0
PRIMARY DATA: SECONDARY DATA:

➢ Reconnaissance survey. ➢ Collection of existing Base

map and land use map.
Available public amenities
• Community dust bins.
• Public transport
facilities such as bus
stops and auto stands.
• Public toilets.
• Parking details.

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2 LITERATURE STUDY
2.1.1 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF RICH HERITAGE IN INDIA:
➢ India is a country rich in heritage monuments. The heritage of Indian architecture is one of the
evolution and continuity over a period exceeding 5000 years of historical evidence.
➢ The last two decades have seen a phenomenal change in social and professional attitudes
towards conservation of the architectural heritage. Recognition of a broader spectrum of
historic architecture has extended the realm of heritage beyond “protected monuments”.
➢ It has also provided new definitions and opened avenues for greater participation of owners of
historical buildings in the process of sharing their assets with a wider social stratum. Process
of caring for a place so as to safeguard its cultural heritage value.
➢ Prolong the life of built environment of historic places so that the future generations can enjoy
them profitably. Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we
pass on to future generations.

2.1.2 HISTORIC OR HERITAGE SITE:

Historic sites are places that are recognized for their importance in history through their association
with an event, a person, a place, or the built heritage. Historic sites provide a tangible link with the
past. They are part of heritage and contribute to define its identity.
Historic sites can be further defined into two distinct types:
➢ Archaeological.
➢ Non-archaeological.

2.1.2.1 Historic archaeological sites:

Historic archaeological sites are the remains of sites no longer in use or maintained, and must have a
clearly defined archaeological potential. Features associated with linear sites (e.g., roads, railroads,
canals, ditches) may be considered historic archaeological sites (e.g., mining feature associated with
Chinese mining ditch), related to historic non-archaeological sites (e.g. dam, tree blaze along historic
road) or both.

2.1.2.2 Historic non-archaeological sites:

Historic non-archaeological sites consist of property types such as buildings, sites, structures, objects,
and districts that in general are still used or maintained. In most cases, linear features (regardless of
condition) such as roads, railroads, ditches and canals, will be recorded as historic non-archaeological
sites and not as historic archaeological sites.

2.1.3 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN REVITALISATION, CONSERVATION,

PRESERVATION, REJUVENATION, RESTORATION, REDEVELOPMENT:

Table 1 Differences between revitalisation, conservation, preservation, rejuvenation, restoration, redevelopment

REVITALISATION CONSERVATION PRESERVATION REJUVENATION RESTORATION REDEVELOPMENT

The act of The act of The act of keeping The action or The action of The action or process
bringing again prevention of injury, something as it is, process of making returning of developing
into activity and decay, waste, or esp. in order to someone or something to a something again or
loss. prevent it from something look or former owner, differently.
prominence.
decaying or to feel better, younger, place, or
protect it from or more vital. condition.
being damaged or
destroyed.

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2.1.4 HRIDAY SCHEME

2.1.4.1 INTRODUCTION:
The Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, launched the National Heritage City
Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) scheme on 21st January, 2015, with a focus on
holistic development of heritage cities. The scheme aims to preserve and revitalise soul of the heritage
city to reflect the city’s unique character by encouraging aesthetically appealing, accessible,
informative & secured environment.
With a duration of 4 years (Completing in November, 2018) and a total outlay of INR 500 Crores, the
Scheme is being implemented in 12 identified Cities namely, Ajmer, Amaravati, Amritsar, Badami,
Dwarka, Gaya, Kanchipuram, Mathura, Puri, Varanasi, Velankanni and Warangal. The scheme is
implemented in a mission mode.
The Scheme supports development of core heritage infrastructure projects which shall include
revitalization of urban infrastructure for areas around heritage assets identified / approved by the
Ministry of Culture, Government of India and State Governments. These initiatives shall include
development of water supply, sanitation, drainage, waste management, approach roads, footpaths,
street lights, tourist conveniences, electricity wiring, landscaping and such citizen services.

2.1.4.2 SCHEME STATEMENT:

Preserve and revitalise soul of the heritage city to reflect the city’s unique character by
encouraging aesthetically appealing, accessible, informative & secured environment. To
undertake strategic and planned development of heritage cities aiming at improvement in
overall quality of life with specific focus on sanitation, security, tourism, heritage
revitalization and livelihoods retaining the city’s cultural identity.

2.1.4.3 SCHEME STRATEGY:

➢ It is a central sector scheme with 100 percent funding coming from Central Government.
➢ Cities will be required to prepare Heritage Management Plan for the city and develop DPRs
for identified projects for availing assistance under the scheme.
➢ The HMP and DPRs may be developed by the National Mission Directorate / City Mission
Directorate through PWOs/SPVs/CPSUs/State Para-statals/ NGO’s of repute.
➢ The projects will be executed by PWOs/SPVs/CPSUs/State Para-statals/ NGO’s of repute and
fund will be allocated to Executing agencies by MoUD on the recommendation of Mission
Directorate.
➢ The project duration is four years from December 2014.
➢ NIUA is designated as National Project Management Unit for HRIDAY Scheme and will
function as a secretariat for Mission Directorate.
➢ City PMU will be procured by National Mission Directorate and will function as secretariat to
City Mission Directorate.

2.1.4.4 SCHEME OBJECTIVES:

The main objective of HRIDAY is to preserve character of the soul of heritage city and facilitate
inclusive heritage linked urban development by exploring various avenues including involving private
sector. Specific objectives are:
(a) Planning, development and implementation of heritage sensitive infrastructure
(b) Service delivery and infrastructure provisioning in historic city core areas.
(c) Preserve and revitalize heritage wherein tourists can connect directly with city’s unique character.

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(d) Develop and document a heritage asset inventory of cities - natural, cultural, living and built heritage
as a basis for urban planning, growth and service provision & delivery.
(e) Implementation and enhancement of basic services delivery with focus on sanitation services like
public conveniences, toilets, water taps, street lights with use of latest technologies in improving tourist
facilities/amenities
(f) Local capacity enhancement for inclusive heritage-based industry
(g) Create effective linkages between tourism and cultural facilities and also the conservation of natural
and built heritage
(h) Urban heritage adaptive rehabilitation and maintenance, including appropriate technologies for
historic buildings retrofitting
(i) Establish and manage effective public private partnership for adaptive urban rehabilitation.
(j) Development and promotion of core tangible economic activities to enhance avenues of livelihoods
amongst stakeholders. This would also include necessary skill development amongst them including
making public spaces accessible and developing cultural spaces
(k) Making cities informative with use of modern ICT tools and making cities secure with modern
surveillance and security apparatus like CCTV etc.
(l) Increase accessibility i.e. physical access (roads as well as universal design) and intellectual access
(i.e. digital heritage and GIS mapping of historical locations/ tourist maps and routes).

2.1.4.5 COVERAGE AND SCOPE:

Scheme HRIDAY will focus on development of twelve heritage cities namely;
1. Ajmer
2. Amravati
3. Amritsar
4. Badami
5. Dwarka
6. Gaya
7. Kanchipuram
8. Mathura
9. Puri
10. Varanasi
11. Velankanni
12. Warangal
Additional cities may be explored after consultations.

2.1.4.6 INDICATIVE COMPONENTS:

The scheme will broadly focus on four theme areas i.e. Physical Infrastructure, Institutional
Infrastructure, and Economic Infrastructure & Social Infrastructure for reviving and revitalizing

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the soul of Heritage City. The projects can be funded directly or through support from other
stakeholders including private sector, however broad indicative list of components under HRIDAY is
mentioned below, which can further be refined based on the need of the city under broad theme areas.

2.1.4.6.1 HERITAGE REVITALIZATION LINKED TO SERVICE PROVISION

➢ Revitalization of heritage/ historic areas, ghat areas, temple/mosque/basilica areas, kunds and
façade improvement of surrounding areas for safety/stability/conservation etc.
➢ Restoration/rehabilitation of heritage monuments and linking with service provisions at
community and city levels.
➢ Provision of basic services such as for improved sanitation as toilets, drinking water facilities,
parking, solid waste management etc.
➢ Linkage with city infrastructure/trunks for water and waste water management and treatment.
➢ Development of Heritage walks, religious trails, Street furniture including shifting of hanging
wires, poles and transformers.
➢ Development cultural events, fair and festival grounds and associated infrastructure.
➢ Development of City museum, interpretation centres and cultural spaces.
➢ Improvement of roads/ pathways, public transportation and parking in heritage areas
including provisions for last mile connectivity.
➢ Pedestrianisation of tourist attraction areas, solar/battery operated vehicles.

2.1.4.7 OUTCOMES OF HRIDAY SCHEME

▪ The followings are the specific outcomes envisaged under HRIDAY.
▪ Clean and Improved sanitized environment
▪ Improved basic urban infrastructure at existing and emerging tourist destinations and
gateways;
▪ Improved sanitation standards at natural and cultural tourist attractions with convenience and
safety for visitors.
▪ Properly conserved, revitalized and beautified heritage monuments
▪ Greater participation by local communities in tourism-related economic and livelihood
activities
▪ Heritage resources are mainstreamed with city systems and city economy.
▪ Improvement in the service level benchmarks indicators for urban service delivery
▪ Increase in the inflow of the tourist to cities
▪ Increase in the duration of stay of the tourist in the town
▪ Improvement in social safety and reduction in crime
▪ Substantial improvement in local economy and quality of life of its communities.

2.1.4.8 MONITORING PROGRESS OF PROJECTS SANCTIONED UNDER THE HRIDAY

▪ Ministry of Urban Development will periodically monitor the scheme through designated
officers.
▪ NPMU will develop monitoring frameworks and tools to assist Mission Directorates for
effective monitoring of interventions undertaken under the project.
▪ Third Party Monitoring Mechanism would be employed by National Mission Directorate to
keep track the progress of the project / scheme. Expenditure in this regard would be met from
the Capacity Building funds in MoUD for professional services.

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2.2 STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC AMINITIES:
2.2.1 SANITATION FACILITIES AS PUBLIC TOILETS &SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT:
➢ A public toilet is a room or small building containing one or more toilets (and possibly also
urinals) which is available for use by the general public, or by customers or employees of
certain businesses.
➢ Solid waste management includes provision of community dustbins and collection of wastes
regularly to maintain hygiene and in the area.

2.2.2 AS PER THE STANDARDS OF SWACHH BHARATH

➢ As per the standards of Swachh Bharath there should a provision of public toilet for every 500
meters and.
➢ A dust bin of capacity 50 litres as per the requirements and concentration of street vending
activities.

2.2.3 STREET FURNITURE:

Street furniture is a collective term for objects and pieces of equipment installed along streets and
roads for various purposes. It includes benches, traffic barriers, bollards, streetlamps, traffic
lights, traffic signs, bus stops, taxi stands. An important consideration in the design of street furniture
is how it affects road safety.
Standards by ITDP (Institute of transportation and development policies) and IRC (Indian road
congress)
➢ There has to be a bus stop at the distance of every 750-1000 meters. Every bus stop should
have a provision of bus shelter of dimensions 25’/4’ and benches dimensions 5’/2’ gap with
clearance of 1 meter.
➢ Street lights of height 30’ for every 30 meters.
➢ Benches of dimensions of 5’/2’ at every 30 meters.
➢ Pathways of width 4 meters, if in case of bus stops a minimum width of 1.8 meters has be left
behind the bus shelter.

2.2.4 PARKING FACILITIES:

Parking facilities can be both indoor and outdoor, public or private. It can be a parking garage, or a
parking space that belongs to the property of a person’s house or a public firm or an institution.
AS PER THE STANDARDS OF IRC

2.2.4.1.1 PARKING SPACE STANDARDS &SPACE REQUIREMENTS:

Table-2 PARKING SPACE STANDARDS Table-3 SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Four wheelers 20 sq.m

For residential Plot area up to 100 sq.m.

Two wheelers 12 sq.m

For shops and markets 80 sq.m of floor area.

Offices 70 sq.m of floor area.

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3 DESKTOP STUDY

3.1 URAN, NAVI MUMBAI CITY:

3.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Uran is part of the Navi Mumbai city in the Raigarh district near Panvel and Karjat .It is situated east
of Mumbai across the Dharamtar Creek. Uran has developed over time and has grown steadily owing
to its proximity to Mumbai. It is facing increasing urbanisation pressure. This pressure of urbanization
is tearing apart the versatility and culture of the area. The old is giving way to new, which lacks any
visual or cultural connection with the context it is placed in. This calls for an urgent need of an action
plan to conserve the tangible and non-tangible heritage of Uran.

Figure 1 Figure 2

Several hundred years of existence under various rulers and their changing influences have, on the
one hand given an enormous richness to our cultural heritage and on the other, led us to question
constantly what constitutes our roots. These questions continue to throw up a variety of answers,
many of which lead to further questions. The process of inquiry into our roots will gradually unfold
the various links that the heritage has had with the socio-economic fabric of society of any era, and
continues to do so even today. (Nimish Patel and Parul Zaveri; Note on deliberations on conservation
of heritage of historic settlements of Gujarat; 2005) Cultural heritage comprises not only of its
manmade elements but also in the natural elements of the region. They are so inter-woven with each
other in a complex manner that they constitute the Heritage Fabric of the settlement. Natural heritage,
which has survived thousands of years and the onslaught of human development particularly in the
past century, is one of the most precious inheritance of mankind. It comprises the land and its terrain,
the hills, the natural water bodies, the flora and the fauna of the region, the minerals and other finite
resources in the region and its wonderful scenic views.

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 Figure 3 Figure 4

3.1.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT

Uran is part of the Navi Mumbai city township in the Raigarh district near Panvel and Karjat. It is
situated east of Mumbai across the Dharamtar Creek. Uran has developed over time and due to
proximity to Mumbai. It is facing increasing urbanisation pressure. This pressure of urbanization is
tearing apart the versatility and culture of the area. The old is giving way to new, which lacks any
visual or cultural connection with the context it is placed in. This calls for an urgent need of an action
plan to conserve the tangible and non-tangible heritage of Uran.

Figure 5

3.1.3 THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS ASSIGNMENT:

▪ To evaluate current status and condition of the precinct through detailed documentation and
analysis of key issues.
▪ To identify schematic projects, programmes for conservation of precincts through
participation of local communicates and stakeholders.
▪ To formulate financial, institutional and regulatory strategies for project implementation,
phasing, operation and maintenance.

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 ▪ To prepare draft guidelines for conservation of the heritage precinct.

3.1.4 HISTORY OF URAN

Uran was originally an island earlier and has been referred to as “Uran Bet” and also as “Karanja Bet”
(bet means island). Uran has seen the rule of many dynasties. The Mauryas, Chalukyas, Yadavs,
Shilahars, Nagarshahs, Portuguese, Marathas and British have ruled over Uran through the centuries.
The Shilahar Dynasty reigned the region from year 810-1260 AD and their reign included important
towns like Sajana, Thane, Chaulkonad, Soparnale, Chemuki and Uran. The Portuguese ruled over
Uran Karanja island between 1530-1740 AD during which they built a fort at Uran which had 15-25
feet tall walls. A few remains of the wall can be still seen near Uran Kot Naka. The church at Uran
was also built by the Portuguese and still is seen, with modifications done in 2006. Shivaji, the great
Maratha ruler, belonged to Raigarh district.
After the Portuguese rule, Karanja-Uran bet fell to the hands of the Marathas in 1737 AD and later to
the British in 1774 AD. The Jami Masjid was built in 1750. The town of Uran has many ancient
temples. The real name of goddess Urnawati after which the town gets its name is Ramen. Adjacent to
her temple is a temple dedicated to Goddess Sheetladevi. The Sangameshwar Mahadeo temple was
built by a Subedar named Ramji Mahadev in 1860-72 AD. Dispensary building at Uran–Mora Road
Near to that are the temples dedicated to Vithoba and Shankar Parvati and Balaji. There are anecdotes
that the idol of Balaji was found in a pond near Vinayak village by Vitthaldas Ramji who then built a
temple at Uran. The Datta Mandir was built by Mangaldas Baigari in the year 1926. The municipality
at Uran was established on 1 st March 1867 and the area under Uran, Karanja and Mora were included
under the jurisdiction of Uran.

Figure 6 Figure 7

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3.1.5 BASE MAP OF DEULWADI PRECINCT:

Figure 9

TOTAL AREA OF URAN TOWN: 229 hectares.

TOTAL AREA OF DEULWADI PRECINCT: 5.6 hectares.

TOTAL AREA OF BHIMAL TALAO: 2 hectares.

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3.1.6 LAND USE MAP OF DEULWADI PRECINCT:

Figure 10

Figure 11

This analysis is based on the household survey conducted by the UMC team; building uses of each of
the 79 buildings comprising the precinct (core and buffer zone). The building use depicted in this zone
in the Development Plan is predominantly of religious and residential nature; however, there are
various uses observed on the ground. The Residential building use comprises of 45% of the buildings
followed by 22% commercial, 15% mixed land use and 13% religious buildings. The core zone
buildings are predominantly religious and residential while there is a concentration of commercial use
in the buffer zone.
This increase of commercial use in the buffer area is becoming a threat to the Core are. The Deulwadi
Temple Street still retains its historic use but needs guidelines and a regulatory framework to continue
the same use.

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3.1.7 BUILDING HEIGHTS MAP OF THE PRECINCT

Figure 12

Figure 13

Buildings in the precinct are predominantly (45%) single storied while 37% are ground plus one
storied. Only 4% of the buildings are three storied and these are also located in the Buffer area of the
precinct. The series of domes of temples located in the Core zone generate a distinct skyline in with
backdrop of trees. But in accordance with the development happening around the precinct, there is a
need for strong guidelines for controlling building heights.

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3.1.8 OWNERSHIP MAP OF THE PRECINCT:

Figure 14

Figure 15

Most of the buildings (39%) in the Deulwadi precinct consist are owned by Private Single. This is
followed by 26% properties under private multiple ownership; 18% of properties under Public Trusts
ownership, 13% properties under Private Trust and 4% under the ownership of the Uran Municipal
Council.

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3.1.9 STAGE-WISE PROCESS:

Stage - 6
Stage - 2 Stage - 3 & 4
Stage - 1 Drafting
Assigning Stage - 5
Detailed Conservation
Inception Significances Preparation
Condition guidelines for
Report & Identifying of Action Plan
Assessment Deulwadi
Issues
Precinct

Stage-1: Inception Report

A reconnaissance survey was undertaken and meetings with different stakeholders were done. The
teams also conducted primary and secondary survey on the history of the region and the precinct and
built an understanding on the transformations in the built fabric.
Stage-2: Detailed Condition Assessment
A team of architects and surveyors conducted measured drawings and detail photographic
documentation of each buildings. A survey was undertaken to assess the condition of the Deulwadi
precinct.
Stage-3 & 4: Assigning of significances and Identification of issues
The team had also initiated numerous discussions with Uran Municipal Council to discuss the
significance of the precinct.
Stage 5: Preparation of Action Plan
▪ Identification of Actions as a set of regulations, projects & programs.
▪ Block costs for the projects and programs including capital costs and recurring (O & M)
costs.
▪ Funding mechanism for the projects and programs.
▪ Institutional mechanism for implementation of the projects and programs.
▪ Prioritization and phasing of the projects and programs.

3.1.10 VISION AND STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION OF THE DEULWADI

PRECINCT

3.1.10.1 CURRENT SCENARIO:

The architecturally important area of Deulwadi temple street been impacted due to densification of
newly constructed concrete buildings. These new buildings have degraded the visual importance of
watershed edge.
Overall building heights have increased which has changed the skyline of the area.
So, this synthesis reflects overall transformations in physical, architectural and people’s mindsets.

3.1.10.2 VISION
“To conserve tangible & intangible heritage of Deulwadi Precinct as a town level urban space”
Urban Management Centre studied the above works undertaken and adopted an inter – sectoral
approach ensuring complimenting development works.
Looking at the complexity of the project certain strategies were formed by Urban Management Centre
for the upkeep of the Heritage Precinct. Broadly, strategies adopted by Urban Management

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Centre can be framed as follows:
1) Adopting collaborative and interdisciplinary planning processes.
2) Eliminating infrastructural deficiencies in the precinct.

3) Reforming institutional framework to facilitate heritage management.

3.1.10.3 STRATEGIES:
The Action Plan for Deulwadi precinct integrates ongoing or proposed initiatives. Some
redevelopment/ improvements works have already been executed in Deulwadi precinct
including:
- Restoration of Bhimala Talao with Embankments.
- Landscaping and open space development around Bhimala Talao.
- New street furniture installed around Bhimala Talao.
Urban Management Centre studied the above works undertaken and adopted an inter - sectoral
approach ensuring complimenting development works.
Looking at the complexity of the project certain strategies were formed by Urban Management
Centre for the upkeep of the Heritage Precinct. Broadly, strategies adopted by Urban
Management Centre can be framed as follows:
1) Adopting collaborative and interdisciplinary planning processes.
2) Eliminating infrastructural deficiencies in the precinct.
3) Reforming institutional framework to facilitate heritage management.
These broad strategies can be further bifurcated into specific strategies against respective issues
related to various significances. They are enlisted in the below table:

3.1.10.4 ISSUES AND STRATEGIES

Table 4

HISTORICAL & ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE

ISSUES STRATEGIES

No significant literature/ reference material for Increase awareness of heritage amongst residents
town’s history and heritage. and visitors.

Lack of awareness towards environment.

Absence of heritage sensitive development Introduce appropriate regulatory framework

guidelines. encouraging conservation.

Damage to heritage structures. Capacity enhancement or uran municipal council

for undertaking/ managing heritage conservation.

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 Introduce innovative financial mechanisms for
owners/ residents/ uran municipal council to
promote conservation of heritage.

No signage, information dissemination for Increasing visibility of the buildings and of the
heritage precinct.

Table 5

INFRASTRUCTURE

ISSUES STRATEGIES

Inadequate municipal water supply hours, Detailed diagnosis of municipal water supply
(existing well supplies non-portable water) system; municipal capacity enhancement.

Unmanaged waste on road sides Improvements in management of municipal solid

waste; municipal capacity enhancement.

Table 6

REGULATORY PLANNING & MANAGEMENT

ISSUES STRATEGIES

Lack of efficient management for public Introducing suitable implementation mechanisms (like PPP)
toilets (O &M), solid waste, heritage and for public toilets
tourism infrastructure
Amend building by-laws with special provisions for heritage
properties and precinct

Enhancing capacity of ULB to

- Manage the heavy flow of tourists during festivals,

- Monitoring of other heritage related assets & programmes,

- Undertake conservation works – self or outsourced.

Large unutilized FSI – potentially harmful Retaining the fabric of the precinct and discouraging
if not regulated rebuilding on heritage plots/ buildings

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3.1.11 SUMMARY OF BLOCK COST ESTIMATE:

Table 7

3.2 DESKTOP STUDY - REVITALIZATION STRATEGIES IN

IRANIAN HISTORICAL CITY CORES (THE CASE OF SHIRAZ)
3.2.1 INTRODUCTION:
The modernization movement in Iran started with Qajar king’s travel (Naser-ed-Din Shah) to Europe
in the 1870’s, but it was during the Reza Shah period (1921-41) that the idea got momentum. The
European influences that had been filtering into Iran since the 16th century finally gained ascendancy
and the country underwent a phase of intense westernization.
Reza Shah’s urban modernization led to changes not only in cultural patterns of urban life and the
economic structure of the country, but also in spatial organization. He attempted to modernize major
cities by driving a network of long straight roads through the heart of the urban fabric. Construction of
urban highways and boulevards intensified the urban circulation system from the 1950’s during the
Second Pahlavi era as a sign of modernization (H.Bahrainy – 2007). Wide streets with free access to
traffic and different parts of the city became an apt place for shops and commercial spaces following
the preference of both shopkeepers and consumers. This has caused maintenance and exploitation
problems for the old Bazaar structure. The result was a radical heterogeneity in major historical cities
because old city cores had been generated by different social and environmental circumstances and
were not capable of accommodating the requirements of a modernized society. Large areas of most old
urban centers are becoming desolate wastelands of empty stores and buildings which are hostile to a
vital society. Regeneration of these urban areas will help the whole city to function better.

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 3.2.2 SHIRAZ FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION

Shiraz, the sixth largest city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Tabriz and Karaj is the
center of Fars province in southern Iran. The city is located 895 km south of Tehran and 100
km north of the Persian Gulf.

2.4.2.1 Shiraz transformation before Safavid period

The earliest reference to the city, as Tiraziš, is on Elamite
clay tablets dated to 2000 BC found in the south-western
corner of Shiraz city (Cameron 1948). According to some
Iranian mythological traditions, it was originally erected by
Tahmuras Diveband, and afterward fell to ruins (Conder
1827).

Although the foundation of Shiraz was before the Islamic

period, the city became the provincial capital only in 693
A.D, after the Arab armies conquered Estakhar, the nearby
Sassanian capital. As Estakhar fell into decline, Shiraz grew
Figure 12 in importance under the Arabs and several local dynasties.
The Buyids (945-1055) made it their capital. Although Shiraz
was spared destruction during the Mongol invasion, the
Shiraz; Physical structure of the city town was devastated in turn by Timur (1387 and 1393), by
in 12th century A.D great floods in 1630 and 1668, by the Afghan invaders in
1724, and by earthquakes which partially destroyed the city
in 1789,1814, 1824 and 1853 (Lockhart 1939; Clarke 1963;
Wilber 1975).

3.2.2.2 Shiraz transformation until 1925

During the Safavid period (1502-1722), security and

prosperity returned to Iranian cities and was
maintained for about two centuries. The Governor-
general of Fars put great effort in beautifying Shiraz.
He copied Shah Abbas's famous Chahar- Bagh at
Isfahan” (Lockhart 1939; Arberry 1960) and
constructed a magnificent palace in the great square.
Shiraz was initially circular in shape, however the
regular pattern of the city soon changed to an organic
structure like other Iranian cities, comprising the main
elements of such cities. The form of the city stabilized
in the 15th century and its shape from that time until
the 20th century exhibited a fair representative of a
typical traditional city before modernization (Karimi
Figure 13
1998).
Shiraz; Physical structure of the city in
16th century A.D

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3.2.2.3 SITE ANALYSIS

The imposed avenues of the 1920s and 30s disintegrated the social and spatial networks of the old
quarters and formed a series of large urban blocks which contain parts of historic quarters. This block
covers approximately 70.4 hectares and contains over 2476 residential units, with 15435 inhabitants
(18.74 percent of the historic core area) (Naqshe- Jahan-Pars 1998; Pardaraz 2003). Residential area is
the dominant use (62%). The second most dominant use is access network with 19%. Most
commercial uses are located along new streets on the border of the urban block. There are also four
local commercial centers, literally bazarcheh, in the proximity of the historic neighbourhood centers
which mainly provide the daily or regular needs of the residents of their immediate neighborhoods.
The area contains more than 26 religious centers including mosques, local shrines, and theological
schools.

2.4.2.4 DESIGN ANALYSIS

The origin of the Sang-e Siah Project lies in 1999 when
the Council for Historic District approved a proposal
presented by the local representative to share the
implementing responsibilities of a regeneration program
for the eastern part of the historic core, called Sang-e
Siah (Izadi 2008). From the beginning, the basis of the
project was to be a partnership among the different
agencies involved each with responsibility for
conservation and regeneration at their respective levels.
The Sang-e Siah regeneration project has been planned
and designed in order to reverse the dramatic conditions
in the area.
The manifesto prepared by the Council for Historic
District justified protection of the historic environment. It
was a guidance note which emphasized the importance of
the historic area and its elements. The manifesto (called
maram-nameh) marked a major step forward in official
Figure 14 attitudes towards the historic environment. This
manifesto reflected anxiety about the increasingly rapid
The monuments clustering along the Sang- loss of parts of the historic environment.
e Siah axis define a heritage corridor which
plays a vital role in this area.

Historic houses and monuments have been rehabilitated in an effort to revitalize the Existing
architectural heritage and make them accessible to the local community as well as visitors. The
adaptive re-use of restored buildings is considered from the beginning in order to keep the building
alive, provide meaning to the physical intervention, make local communities 'own' the building and
generate income for future operation and maintenance (UDRO 2001). The program is specifically
aimed at attracting investment in the historic urban centers by promoting the re-use of key buildings
as a means of encouraging sustainable regeneration of these neighborhoods.

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 Figure 15

Five zones identified by the strategic plan including pilgrim and tourist zone (Bibi-dokhtaran), local
commercial and service zones (Moshir and Haj-zeinal), cultural zone (Sibuyeh), and commercial zone
(Kazeroon Gate). These five prioritized zones were introduced by the strategic plan, each forming a
focus for rehabilitation, upgrading and conservation.

Figure 16

The existing fabric and its valuable and historical buildings in

the area

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 Figure 17

The final urban design of the area focuses on six main axes which connect a number of monuments
and buildings and link the area to the rest of the old city.
(Source: Bavand consultant report, 2010).

3.2.3 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

The preceding section has identified the features of two different projects in Shiraz city center and
explored the driving forces behind them. Although both projects have been driven by a desire to
revitalize the historic core and the concerns for the quality of the urban environment, each has
followed a different approach, policy and strategy in addressing the issues.
Large-scale interventions in the historic urban fabric have always been associated with the autocratic
powers, whether central or local, secular or religious, and traditionalist or modernist. In these projects,
a new revitalization program has been formulated based on the lessons learned from previous
experiences, which were mostly run by the central government.
There was a shift in attitude and the development of initiatives, in which the local authorities were
encouraged to form partnerships and compete for regeneration funds. Shah Cheragh project has not
been implemented yet but the project for revitalization of Sang-e Siah quarter is a prime example of
this new approach. Some successful strategies and approaches are as below:
1. Small scale redevelopment of ruined buildings into a centre of local retail units has proved to be the
catalyst for the general revival of the area.
2. The new role of the central government influenced by the decentralization policy which the state
redistributed the authority, responsibility and financial resources at provincial and local level
3. The strategic and efficient role of the local leadership in building networks of communication and
trust among the different actors

22 | P a g e
4. Careful replacement of new buildings on vacant or broken-down land used to enhance the prestige
and importance of monuments and historic buildings Sang- e Siah project is notable for reinforcing
and stimulating a gradual process of the historic environment revitalization.
Intervention strategy of this program gave priority to facilitate the gradual rehabilitation of existing
residential units, avoiding large scale intervention and focusing on structure and infrastructure of the
area. Although the implementing phases of Shah Cheragh project are already underway, a gradual
strategic plan is neglected, maybe because of the autocratic religious power with enough resources
and money. This will cause a comprehensive development in shrine complexes, which may damage
the residential area.
Concentrating on infrastructure and public space improvement and focusing on cultural activities can
be seen as the engine of rehabilitation. Description and analysis of these two projects introduce some
useful approaches towards livable Iranian historical city cores. Despite a number of creative strategies
utilized by the local authorities, economic deprivation of inhabitants in the historic core and high rate
of mobility of residents prevent public participation in these areas. With description and analysis of
more interventions in Iranian historical urban areas, strategies in historical city cores should be
introduced and evaluated. Singular successful patterns and strategies should be brought together to
build up a framework of strategies of urban design in context of historical Iranian city cores.

23 | P a g e
4 INTRODUCTION TO STUDY AREA
➢ The study area consists of heritage buildings such as Charminar, High court, City College,
Central library, Mecca masjid, Chowmahalla palace.
➢ The ancient architecture of the buildings in the precinct reflects the ancient culture.
➢ The principal street consists of many informal activities. The temples and masjid are deeply
integrated in the socio- cultural life pattern of the people in Precinct.
CIRCLE AND WARD NO- 5, 49 ward OF HYDERABAD city.

4.1 LOCATION OF THE STUDY AREA:

Figure 18 Map of india Figure 19 Map of circle 5 GHMC

Figure 20 Map of ward- 49

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4.2 CHRONOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE STUDY
AREA:

Figure 21 Maps showing chronological development of the Hyderabad city and study area

The chronological transformation of the city shows the how the study area and its surroundings has
transformed and developed over the years.
Coming to the present scenario of the area
▪ The principal street consists of many informal activities. The temples and masjid in the area
are deeply integrated in the socio- cultural life pattern of the people.
▪ The diverse character of this ward is that 15% area of the ward is covered with heritage
structures.
▪ The commercials and ancient structures in the ward are located over 400 years in the city of
Hyderabad.

25 | P a g e
4.3 MAP SHOWING HISTORICAL STRUCTURES IN THE AREA:

Figure 23 Base map of the area

Chowmahalla palace
City college Mecca masjid

Charminar High court

Figure 23 All heritage sites in the area.

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4.4 ANALYSIS OEXISTING PUBLIC AMINITIES AS PER THE
GUIDELINES OF HRIDAY SCHEME IN THE STUDY AREA:
4.4.1 SANITATION FACILITIES AS PUBLIC TOILETS & SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT:

4.4.1.1 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

The area is concentrated with large number of informal activities which includes eatables, accessories,
textiles etc, though few dustbins and community dust bins have been provided due insufficiency
littering and overflow of wastes on the streets is seen causing un-tidiness effecting aesthetic value of
the heritage structures.

Figure 24 Community dustbin at chowmahalla palace Figure 25 Open dumping near chowmahalla palace

Figure 26 Community dustbin at putla burz Figure 27 Community dustbin at ghansi bazaar

Figure 28 Due to lack of dustbins for street vending activities littering is seen on the streets causing untidiness and also
inconvenience to the pedestrians moving along the streets of Charminar and Laad bazaar. The maximum proportion of
street vending activities on these streets include eatables such as fruits, street food etc.

The above pictures show community dustbins in the area. Though sufficient number of community
dustbins and proper municipal waste management existing in the area littering is seen due to large

27 | P a g e
number of street vending activities. According to the human psychology, if a person is walking
through a street if he doesn’t find any dust/garbage bins in his eye sight he throws the
paper/polythene/plastic wastes on the road which ultimately leads to the littering, and if they find any
space where any wastes dumped automatically people start dumping wastes and finally leading to
open dumping.
Hence, there is a need to provide dustbins at the eye sight of pedestrians. This also attracts people to
the area.

4.4.1.2 SANITATION FACILITIES AS PUBLIC TOILETS:

On the whole streets of shah-ali-banda, pather gatti, madina and gulzar houz only one public toilet
located in the Charminar bus stand is provided and there is a need for provision of more public toilets
in the area. This show severity in lack of public toilets.

4.4.1.2.1 ILL EFFECTS OF LACK OF PUBLIC

TOILETS:
Public toilets matter, for a variety of reasons. Without them, in
many areas local authorities and residents need to clean up every
morning. It ruins your life if every morning, certainly four or
five days a week, you have to go out and clean up the mess and
it should not happen.” A lack of public toilets results in certain
groups feeling anxious about going out. Tourists and
commuters, for example, do not readily have their homes so
there is need that they will have access to public toilets.
There is a mission called Swachh Bharath in the country aiming
Figure 28 public toilet at
Charminar bus stand for clean India by providing sufficient number of public toilets
and dustbins.

Hence there is a severe need for the provision of public toilets in the area to improve the public
amenity standards in the area.

4.4.1.3 PARKING FACILITIES:

As this is a core commercial and tourist place in the city on an average 12-15,000 people visit the area
as per the standards of IRC a parking space has to be provided for every 80 sqm of commercial floor
area. As per the parking survey conducted a number of 1000 vehicles are been parked on the streets of
Laad bazaar, Charminar, gulzar houz, pathergatti and madina.
Total area of commercials in the area is 30 hectares as per standards of IRC parking spaces for 2000
vehicles has to be provided but existing spaces only accommodates Upto 1200 vehicles. Hence there
is a shortage of 800 parking spaces for the vehicles the area.

4.4.1.3.1 ILL EFFECTS OF PARKING:

▪ Congestion.
▪ Accidents.
▪ Obstruction to fire freighting operation.
▪ Environment degrades.

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4.4.1.3.2 PARKING SPACE - 1:
Beside Charminar bus stop paid parking provision has been provided which accommodates 100-120
vehicles (both 2 and 4 wheelers).

4.4.1.3.3 PARKING SPACE - 2:

Along shali-banda road separate street vending zones and parking has been provided which can
accommodates 10-15 vehicles (both 2 and4 wheelers).

Figure 29

4.4.1.3.4 PARKING SPACE - 3:

Along the pather gatti road street vending and on-street parking spaces has been provided that
accommodates 50-60 vehicles is causing congestion along the street and because of these commuters,
tourists as well as the people involved in informal activities are facing many problems on the street.

Figure 30

4.4.1.3.5 PARKING SPACE - 4:

There is another provision for parking for chowmahalla palace that accommodates 20 vehicles (both 2
and 4 wheelers).

4.4.1.3.6 PARKING SPACE - 5:

On the streets of Laad bazaar formal on-street parking has been provided which accommodates about
50 two wheelers.

Figure 31

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4.4.1.3.7 PARKING SPACE - 6:
There is another provision for paid parking near chowmahalla palace that accommodates 30-40
vehicles (both 2 and 4 wheelers).

4.4.1.3.8 PARKING SPACE - 7:

Near madina junction paid off street parking is available which accommodates about 500 vehicles.

4.4.1.3.9 PARKING SPACE - 8:

On the streets of gulzar houz people are parking their vehicles on the street which accommodates 10
vehicles.

Figure 32

4.4.1.4 PARKING DETAILS:

4.4.1.4.1 MAXIMUM PARKING ACCUMULATION CHARACTERISTICS (ON-STREET

PARKING).
Table 8

Major junctions Three- Four- Two- Cycle rickshaw Total

wheeler wheeler wheeler (non-motorised)
Between APSRTC 88 23 47 20 278
bus stand and
charminar
Between charminar 38 28 105 10 383
and gulzar houz
Between gulzar 38 15 227 2 882
houz and madina
Total 164 66 75 32 1543

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 PARKING AT MAJOR AREAS (ON STREET)

Cycle rickshaw (non-motorised)

Two-wheeler

Four-wheeler

Three-wheeler

0 50 100 150 200 250

Between gulzar houz and madina

Between charminar and gulzar houz
Between APSRTC bus stand and charminar

4.4.1.4.2 MAXIMUM PARKING ACCUMULATION CHARACTERISTICS (OFF-STREET

PARKING)
Table 9

Major junctions Three- Four- Two- Total

wheeler wheeler wheeler
Between TSRTC bus stand and 4 27 155 186
charminar
(Unaini hospital and MCH building) - - 23 23
Charminar (2) gulzar houz (3)
Total 4 27 178 209

PARKING AT MAJOR AREAS (OFF STREET)

(Unaini hospital and MCH building)

Charminar (2) gulzar houz (3)

Between APSRTC bus stand and charminar

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Two-wheeler Four-wheeler Three-wheeler

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4.4.1.4.3 PARKING DURATION CHARACTERISTICS:

Table 10

Between TSRTC bus Three- Four- Two- Carts Total

stand and Charminar wheeler wheeler wheeler
L.T. 30 mins 1465 95 590 218 2368
30-60 mins 49 12 81 145 287
60-2 hours 6 15 34 55 110
2-4 hours 4 7 12 23 46
G.T. 4 hours 4 8 12 6 30
Total 1528 137 729 2412 2841

DURATION OF PARKING
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
L.T. 30 mins 30-60 mins 60-2 hours 2-4 hours G.T. 4 hours

Three-wheeler Four-wheeler Two-wheeler Carts

Table 11

Between Charminar and Three- Four- Two- Carts Total

gulzar houz wheeler wheeler wheeler
L.T. 30 mins 420 83 158 162 823
30-60 mins 18 16 273 309 616
60-2 hours 1 20 182 203 406
2-4 hours 7 82 89 28 206
G.T. 4 hours 2 29 31 9 71
Total 439 128 724 711 2002

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 DURATION OF PARKING
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
L.T. 30 mins 30-60 mins 60-2 hours 2-4 hours G.T. 4 hours

Three-wheeler Four-wheeler Two-wheeler Carts

Table 12

Between gulzar houz and Three- Four- Two- Carts Total

madina wheeler wheeler wheeler
L.T. 30 mins 739 124 273 360 1496
30-60 mins 18 - - 393 411
60-2 hours 1 15 200 216 432
2-4 hours - 3 79 82 164
G.T. 4 hours - 2 24 26 52
Total 758 144 576 1077 2555

DURATION OF PARKING
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
739 18 1 - -
L.T. 30 mins 30-60 mins 60-2 hours 2-4 hours G.T. 4 hours

Four-wheeler Two-wheeler Carts

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Table 13

Grand total of Charminar Three- Four- Two- Carts Total

area wheeler wheeler wheeler
L.T. 30 mins 2624 302 1021 740 4687
30-60 mins 85 28 354 847 1314
60-2 hours 6 50 416 474 948
2-4 hours 11 92 180 114 416
G.T. 4 hours 6 49 67 41 153
Total 2732 521 2038 2216 7518

DURATION OF PARKING
3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
L.T. 30 mins 30-60 mins 60-2 hours 2-4 hours G.T. 4 hours

Three-wheeler Four-wheeler Two-wheeler Carts

4.4.1.5 PUBLIC TRANSPORT FACILITIES:

There are 5 bus stops at Chowmahalla palace, at ghansi bazaar, at madina, at CRPF headquarters and
at City College; a bus stand at Charminar and 2 auto stands one at Charminar and another at putla
burz in the area.
All these public transport facilities average distance of 750 meters each as per the standards of IRC
and ITDP.

Figure 33 Charminar bus stand Figure 34 Bus stop near chowmahalla palace

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Figure 35 Auto stand at Charminar bus stand Figure 36 Auto stand at gulzar houz

▪ Distance between bus stand-1 and bus stop-1: 740 meters.

▪ Distance between bus stop-1 and bus stop-2: 640 meters.
▪ Distance between bus stop-2 and bus stop-3: 680 meters.
▪ Distance between bus stop-3 and bus stop-4: 500 meters.
▪ Distance between bus stop-2 and bus stop-5: 750 meters.
▪ Distance between Auto stand-1 and auto stand-2: 480 meters.

4.4.1.6 STREET FURNITURE:

Existing street furniture such as bus shelters, street lights, sign boards, pathways, benches on the street
as well as in the bus shelters are not up to the standards. The bus stop at medina and CRPF police
headquarters aren’t provided with minimum standards i.e., no bus shelter and no benches.
Hence there is a need to improve these facilities wherever required as per the standards from URDPFI
guidelines.

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5 ISSUES:
5.1 ISSUE-1: LACK OF PUBLIC TOILETS AND DUST BINS
There is only one public toilet in the area, though there is provision of dustbins due to high
concentration of street vending activities available bins are insufficient.
As per the standards of Swachh Bharath mission there should a provision of public toilet for every
500 meters and a dust bin of capacity 50 litres as per the requirements and concentration of street
vending activities. Hence there is need to provide public toilets and dust bins.

5.2 ISSUE-2: LACK OF PARKING FACILITIES

Though few on-street and off-street parking facilities have been provided of area 5000 sq.m which
can accommodate 800 vehicles including both two and four wheelers which isn’t sufficient as it is
estimated that 12000-15000 people visit this area with 1000-1200 vehicles. Hence there is a
requirement for 3000 sq.m to provide parking facilities.
As per the standards of HMDA a two-wheeler requires 2.5 sq.m of area and a four-wheeler requires
12.5 sq.m for parking

5.3 ISSUE-3: LACK OF PATHWAYS AND STREET FURNITURE

Coverage of pathways in the area is very less though few pathways has been provided but these
pathways have been encroached and occupied by street vending activities. Hence there is a
requirement for provision of pathways wherever required.
As per the standards of ITDP and URDPFI guidelines there has be provision of pathway with a
minimum width 1.8 meters, a street light and bench for every 30 meters. And also regulate the street
vending activities by providing separate vending zones and separating them with boulders from the
street.
Bus stops at ghansi bazaar and CRPF headquarters doesn’t have bus shelter and benches for seating of
passengers. There is a need to provide bus shelter and benches in these bus stops.

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6 PROPOSALS AND STRATEGIES:
6.1 PROPOSAL-1:
Provision of public toilets and dust bins as per the standards of Swachh Bharath mission.

6.2 PROPOSAL-2:
Provision of parking space by regulating on street parking as per the standards of IRC.

6.3 PROPOSAL-3:
Provision of pathways and street furniture (street lights, benches and sign & information boards) as
per the guidelines of ITDP and URDPFI. And also regulating street vending activities as per street
vendors act 2014.

6.4 PROPOSAL-4:
Provision of a heritage walk as per the guidelines of HRIDAY scheme.
Table 14

PROPOSALS STRATEGIES

Provision of public toilets and dust bins as per ➢ Provision of portable public toilets for
the standards of Swachh Bharath mission. every 500 meters with 2 toilets in it
serving 100 people per day.
➢ Provision of garbage / dust bins where
ever required based on the
concentration of street vending
activities.
Provision of parking space by regulating on Providing paid on-street parking while utilizing
street parking as per the standards of IRC. open spaces available which also generated
revenue.
Provision of pathways and street furniture Providing and improving pathways where ever
(street lights, benches and sign & information required by regulating and separating street
boards) as per the guidelines of ITDP and vending activities by providing boulders, and
URDPFI. And also regulating street vending also solar street lamps at a distance of every 30
activities as per street vendors act 2014. meters with benches, sign & information boards
(not exceeding size of 0.1 sq.m) where ever
required.
Provision of a heritage walk as per the Connecting all heritage structures in the area
guidelines of HRIDAY scheme. through pathways by forming a circuit of
heritage walk.

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7 COST ESTIMATION:

7.1 FOR SOLAR STREET LAMPS WITH BENCHES AND AN

ELECTRIC PLUG POINT:
Solar LED Street light
* Solar Module of 37 Wp - Rs.3145.
* Lead Acid Battery of 40 Ah - Rs. 3500.
* Solar Charge controller 12 volts / 6 Amp. Rs. 600.
* Aluminium Die cast LED fitting 6-watt Rs. 600.
* Edison Make LED of 1 watt / 110 Lm- 6 No. -Rs. 540.
* LED Driver Rs. 300.
* GI pole of 17 feet with fitting for Panel & Battery Box - Rs. 1300.
* Battery Box - Rs. 600.
* Concrete foundation Rs. 1000.
* Labour Rs. 500 per 1 pole fitting.
TOTAL COST IS RS. 12085/- per 1 street lamp.

Figure 37 Picture showing proposed solar street lamps with benches and an electric plug point

7.2 FOR PORTABLE PUBLIC TOILETS AND DUST BINS:

• A portable toilet or mobile toilet is a toilet that may easily be moved around. They may be
toilets that can be brought on site, such as a festival or building site, to quickly provide
sanitation services.
• It costs around 4500 rupees to rent a portable public toilet per day and 24000 rupees per
month.
• It costs around 1600 rupees for a pair of swing dust bins of capacity 50 litres.

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Figure 38 Picture showing proposed portable Figure 39 Picture showing proposed dust bins
public toilets.

7.3 FOR SIGN BOARDS AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

BOARDS:
• Sign boards and heritage dissemination boards are the information boards which helps us to
navigate through a heritage area in locating heritage structures in the area.
• It costs around 1200 /- per square foot for a typical steel boards and coming to neon lighted
boards which is very expensive costs around 7200 /- per square foot.

HERITAGE
AHEAD 30
MONUMENT
METERS
AHEAD

Figure 50 Pictures showing proposed sign boards. Figure 41 Pictures showing information boards

7.4 FOR PAVING PATHWAYS / FOOT PATHS:

• Coming to costing each clay brick costs about 5-5.50 rupees and concrete bricks about 3-3.50
rupees.
• Average area of each brick is 0.25 square meters i.e. it requires 3 bricks per square feet.
• Cost estimate in laying a pathway including bricks, cement, concrete and labor is Rs. 5 lakhs
per sq.Km.
• A total of 1.5 km of road has no footpaths hence there is a need to lay footpath on these roads.
• Cost estimate to lay a pathway of 1 square kilometre is 5 lakh rupees.

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7.5 TOTAL FINAL ESTIMATE:
Table 15

PROPOSAL ESTIMATE per QUANTITY FINAL ESTIMATE

Solar led street lights Rs. 12085 /- Rs. 15,17,050
Public toilets Rs. 24000 /- Rs. 96,000
Dust bins Rs. 1600 /- Rs. 11,200
Sign and information boards Rs. 1200 /- Rs. 1,29,600
Pathways Rs. 500000 /- Rs. 7,50,000
TOTAL Rs. 538885 /- Rs. 24,71,450 /-

7.6 CONCLUSION:
Ward-49 of circle-5 of GHMC has high concentration of heritage structures as well as commercial
activities. Thousands of tourists visit the area every day for shopping and site seeing of historical
monuments. The commercial activities and heritage monuments were part of the city for 500 years
having national significance and are greatly integrated with each other. To accommodate people the
public amenities in the area are not up to the standards to meet the requirements. There is a need to
improve these public amenities in the area as per the guidelines of HRIDAY scheme and different
standards in the Indian context.

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8 BIBILOGRAPHY:
▪ Report on HRIDAY SCHEME 2014-2019.
▪ Report on Swachh Bharath scheme.
▪ Standards from IRC, ITDP, HMDA.
▪ Report on street vending act, 2010.
▪ Archaeological survey of India.
▪ URDPFI guidelines, 2014.
▪ Report on heritage monuments of Hyderabad.
▪ Model heritage regulations.

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