Manually Operated Trolley

Chapter-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction:
Insects are largely responsible for the crop destruction. Insecticides or pesticides,
a man made or natural preparation are used to kill insects or otherwise control their
reproduction. These herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers are applied to agricultural crops
with the help of a special device known as a "Sprayer," sprayer provides optimum
performance with minimum efforts. The invention of a sprayer, pesticides, fertilizers,
bring revolution in the agriculture or horticulture sector especially by the invention of
sprayers, enable farmers to obtain maximum agricultural output. They are used for garden
spraying, weed and pest control, liquid fertilizing and plant leaf polishing. There are
many advantage of using sprayers such as easy to operate, maintain and handle, it
facilitates uniform spread of the chemicals, capable of throwing chemicals at the desired
level, precision made nozzle tip for adjustable stream and capable of throwing foggy
spray, light or heavy spray, depending on requirement. Agriculture sector is facing
problems with capacity issues, shrinking revenues, and labour shortages and increasing
consumer demands.
The prevalence of traditional agriculture equipment intensifies these issues. In

addition, most formers are desperately seeking different ways to improve the equipment
quality while reducing the direct overhead costs (labour) and capital. Thus, a significant
opportunity rests with understanding the impact of a pesticide sprayer in an agriculture
field.
A pesticide sprayer has to be portable and with an increased tank capacity as well
as should result in cost reduction, labour and spraying time. In order to reduce these
problems, there are number of sprayer introduced in the market but these devices do not
meet the above problems or demands of the farmers. The conventional sprayer having the
difficulties such as it needs lot of effort to push the liver up and down in order to create
the pressure to spray. Another difficulty of petrol sprayer is to need to purchase the fuel
which increases the running cost of the sprayer. In order to overcome these difficulties, I
have proposed a wheel driven sprayer, it is a portable device and no need of any fuel to
operate, which is easy to move and sprays the pesticide by moving the wheel. The
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mechanism involved in this sprayer is reciprocating pump, and nozzles which were
connected at the front end of the spraying equipment.
1.2 Status of Agriculture in India:
India is predominantly an agricultural based country with approximately 75% of

population of India is very much dependent on farming either directly or indirectly. The
farmers have been using the same methods and equipment for ages for example the seed
sowing, spraying, weeding etc. operations are carried out by same techniques. There is
need for development of an effective spraying machine for increasing productivity levels.
Most of the late developing countries of Asia have the problem of higher population and
low levels of land productivity as of compared to the developed nations. One the main
reasons for lower productivity is insufficient power availability for the farms and very
low levels of farm mechanization. This is especially true for India.
1.3 Statement of Problem:
The Indian farmers (small, marginal, small and marginal, semi-medium) are currently
using lever operated backpack sprayer. A backpack sprayer consists of tank 10 -20 liter
capacity carried by two adjustable straps. Constant pumping is required to operate this
which results in muscular disorder. Also, the backpack sprayer can’t maintain pressure,
results in drifts/dribbling. Developing adequate pressure is laborious and time consuming.
Pumping to operating pressure is also time consuming. Moreover, very small area is
covered while spraying. So, more time are required to spray the entire land. Back pain
problems may arise during middle age due to carrying of 10-20 liter tank on back.
1.4 Objectives:
ECO friendly (Mechanical operated sprayer trolley)
Easy to construction.
More economical.
Easy to clean and maintain.
It does not create air pollution & noise.
Easy to handle.
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Does not required fuel for working hence cost reduce for operation
1.5 Scope of Project:

Study of the problems statement
Selection of material
Fabrication
Demonstration and troubleshooting
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Chapter-2
LITERATURE SURVEY
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has defined pesticide as: Any substance or
mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or controlling any pest,
including vectors of human or animal disease, unwanted species of plants or animals,
causing harm during or otherwise interfering with the production, processing, storage,
transport, or marketing of food, agricultural commodities, wood and wood products or
animal feedstuffs, or substances that may be administered to animals for the control of
insects, arachnids, or other pests in or on their bodies. The term includes substances
intended for use as a plant growth regulator, defoliant, desiccant, or agent for thinning
fruit or preventing the premature fall of fruit. Also used as substances applied to crops
either before or after harvest to protect the commodity from deterioration during storage
and transport.
 Shiva raja Kumar Parameswaramurthys paper on design and development of

wheel and pedal operated sprayer - It is a portable device and no need of any fuel to
operate, which is easy to move and sprays the pesticide by moving the wheel and also
peddling the equipment.
 Sandeep H. Poratkar, Dhanraj R. Raut,”Development of Multinozzle Pesticides

Sprayer Pump”- This paper suggests a model of manually operated multi nozzle
pesticides sprayer pump which will perform spraying at maximum rate in minimum
time. Constant flow valves can be applied at nozzle to have uniform nozzle pressure.
 Varikuti Vasantha Rao Sharanakumar Mathapati Dr. Basavaraj Amarapur,

“Multiple Power Supplied Fertilizer Sprayer”
The WHO estimates that there are 3 million cases of pesticide poison. Pesticide are linked
to human health hazards. Carbaryl is an insecticide used on a variety of crops. Acute
(shortterm) and chronic (long-term) occupational exposure of humans to carbaryl has
been observed to cause cholinesterase inhibition, and reduced levels of this enzyme in the
blood cause neurological effects. .
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Headaches, memory loss, muscle weakness and cramps, and anorexia are caused by
prolonged low-level exposure to carbaryl. Organophosphates and carbonates, affect the
nervous system. Others may irritate the skin or eyes. Some pesticides maybe carcinogens
Others may affect the hormone or endocrine system in the body. Children, and indeed any
young and developing organisms, are particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of
pesticides. Pesticide exposure can cause a range of neurological health effects such as
memory loss, loss of coordination, reduced speed of response to stimuli, reduced visual
ability, altered or uncontrollable mood and general behavior, and reduced motor skills.
Two types sprayers are available Hydraulic and low volume sprayer.

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Chapter-1

The prevalence of traditional agriculture equipment intensifies these issues. In

1.2 Status of Agriculture in India:

India is predominantly an agricultural based country with approximately 75% of

1.3 Statement of Problem:

Easy to clean and maintain.

It does not create air pollution & noise.

1.5 Scope of Project:

Demonstration and troubleshooting

 Shiva raja Kumar Parameswaramurthys paper on design and development of

 Sandeep H. Poratkar, Dhanraj R. Raut,”Development of Multinozzle Pesticides

 Varikuti Vasantha Rao Sharanakumar Mathapati Dr. Basavaraj Amarapur,

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