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Class XI – NCERT – Maths Chapter 5
Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
Exercise 5.1
Question 1:
 3 
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib :  5i    i 
 5 
Solution 1:
3
5i   i   5   i  i
3
 5  5
 3i 2
 3 1 i 2  1
=3
Question 2:
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib :i9  i19
Solution 2:
i9  i19  i 421  i 443
  i 4   i  i 4   i3
2 4
 1 i  1  i  i 4  1, i3  i 
 i   i 
0
Question 3:
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib : i 39
Solution 3:
i 39  i 493  i 4   i 3
9
 1  i 3
9
i 4  1
1 1
  i3  i 
i3 i
1 i
 
i i
i i
 2  i i 2  1
i 1
Question 4:
Express the given complex number in the form a a  ib :
3  7  i7   i  7  i7 
5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 1

Solution 4:
3 7  i7   i  7  i7   21  21i  7i  7i 2
 21  28i  7   1  i 2  1
 14  28i
Question 5:
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib : 1  i    1  i6 .
Solution 5:
1  i    1 i6  1 i 1 6i
 2  7i
Question 6:
1 2  5
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib :   i    4  i 
5 5  2
Solution 6:
1 2  5
 i  4i 
5 5  2
1 2 5
  i 4 i
5 5 2
 1   2 5
   4  i   
5  5 2
19  21 
 i 
5  10 
19 21
  i
5 10
Question 7:
 1 7  1   4 
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib :   i    4  i      i 
 3 3  3   3 
Solution 7:
 1 7   1   4 
 3  i 3    4  i 3    3  i 
     
1 7 1 4
  i  4 i  i
3 3 3 3
1 4 7 1 
   4    i    1
3 3  3 3 

17 5
 i
3 3
Question 8:
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib : 1  i 
4
Solution 8:
2
1  i   1  i  
4 2
 
2
 12  i 2  2i 
 1  1  2i 
2
  2i 
2
  2i    2i 
 4i 2  4 i 2  1
Question 9:
3
1 
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib :   3i 
3 
Solution 9:
3 3
1  1 1 1 
  3i       3i   3    3i    3i 
3
3   3  3 3 
1 1 
  27i3  3i   3i 
27 3 
1
  27  i   i  9i 2 i3  i 
27
1
  27i  i  9 i 2  1
27
 1 
   9   i  27  1
 27 
242
  26i
27
Question 10:
3
 1 
Express the given complex number in the form a  ib :  2  i 
 3 
Solution 10:

3 3
 1  3 1 
 2  3 i    1  2  3 i 
   
 i
3
 i  i 
  23     3  2   2  
  3  3  3 
 i3  i 
  8   2i  2  
 27  3 
 i 2i 2 
  8   4i  i3  i 
 27 3 
 i 2
i 2  1
  8   4i  
 27 3
 22 107i 
  
3 27 
22 107
  i
3 27
Question 11:
Find the multiplicative inverse of the complex number 4  3i .
Solution 11:
Let z  4  3i
Then,
z  4  3i and z  42   3  16  9  25
2
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 4  3i is given by

z 4  3i 4 3
z 1  2    i
z 25 25 25
Question 12:
Find the multiplicative inverse of the complex number 5  3i
Solution 12:
Let z  5  3i
 5
2
Then, z  5  3i and z   32  5  9  14
2
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 5  3i

z 5  3i 5 3i
z 1  2
  
z 14 14 14
Question 13:

Find the multiplicative inverse of the complex number i
Solution 13:
Let z  i
Then, z  i and z  12  1
2
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of i is given by

z i
z 1  2   i
z 1
Question 14:
Express the following expression in the form of a  ib .
3  i 5 3  i 5 
 3  2i    3  i 2 
Solution 14:
3  i 5 3  i 5 
 3  2i    3  i 2 
3  i 5 
2 2
  a  b  a  b   a 2  b2 
3  2i  3  2i
9  5i 2

2 2i
9  5  1
 i 2  1

2 2i
95 i
 
2 2i i
14i

2 2i 2
14i

2 2  1
7i 2
 
2 2
7 2i

2

Exercise 5.2
Question 1:
Find the modulus and the argument of the complex number z  1  i 3
Solution 1:
z  1  i 3
Let r cos  1 and r sin    3
On squaring and adding, we obtain
 r cos    r sin     1   3  
2 2 2 2
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    1  3
r2  4 cos2   sin 2   1
r  4  2 Conventionally, r  0
 Modulus = 2
 2cos  1 and 2sin    3
1  3
 cos  and sin  
2 2
Since both the values of sin  and cos negative and sin  and cos are negative in III
quadrant,
   2
Argument       
 3 3
2
Thus, the modulus and argument of the complex number 1  3i are 2 and 
3
respectively.
Question 2:
Find the modulus and the argument of the complex number z   3  i
Solution 2:
z   3 i
Let r cos   3 and r sin   1
 
2
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin 2    3  12
 r 2  3 1  4 cos   sin   1
2 2
r  4  2 Conventionally, r  0
 Modulus = 2
 2cos   3 and 2sin   1

 3 1
2 2
 5
     [As  lies in the II quadrant]
6 6
5
Thus, the modulus an argument of the complex number  3  i are 2 and respectively.
6
Question 3:
Convert the given complex number in polar form: 1 i
Solution 3:
1 i
Let r cos  1 and r sin   1
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin 2   12   1
2
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    1  1
 r2  2
r  2 Conventionally, r  0
 2 cos  1 and 2 sin   1
1 1
 cos  and sin   
2 2

  As  liesin the IVquadrant 
4
         
 1  i  r cos  i r sin   2 cos     i 2 sin     2 cos     i sin    
 4  4   4  4 
This is the required polar form.
Question 4:
Convert the given complex number in polar form: 1  i
Solution 4:
1 i
Let r cos  1 and r sin   1
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin 2    1 12
2
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    1  1
 r2  2
r  2 [Conventionally, r > 0]
 2 cos  1 and 2 sin   1

1
 cos   and 2 sin   1
2
 3
     [As  lies in the II quadrant]
4 4
It can be written,
3 3  3 3 
 1  i  r cos  i r sin   2 cos  i 2 sin  2  cos  i sin 
4 4  4 4 
Question 5:
Convert the given complex number in polar form: 1  i
Solution 5:
1 i
Let r cos  1 and r sin   1
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin2    1   1
2 2
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    1  1
 r2  2
r  2 [Conventionally, r  0 ]
 2 cos  1 and 2 sin   1
1 1
 cos   and sin   
2 2
  3
         [As  lies in the III quadrant]
 4 4
3 3
  1  i  r cos   i r sin   2 cos  i 2 sin
4 4
 3 3 
 2  cos  i sin 
 4 4 
Question 6:
Convert the given complex number in polar form: 3
Solution 6:
3
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin 2    3
2
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    9

 r2  9
r  9 3 [Conventionally, r > 0]
 3cos  3 and 3sin   0
 cos  1 and sin  0
  
  3  r cos  i r sin   3cos   i 3sin   3 cos   i sin  
Question 7:
Convert the given complex number in polar form: 3 i
Solution 7:
3 i
Let r cos  3 and r sin   1
 3
2
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin 2    12
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    3  1
 r2  4
r  4 2 Conventionally, r  0
 2cos  3 and 2sin   1
3 1
2 2

  [As  lies in the I quadrant]
6
    
 3  i  r cos  i r sin   2cos  i 2sin  2  cos  i sin 
6 6  6 6
Question 8:
Convert the given complex number in polar form: i
Solution 8:
i
Let r cos  0 and r sin   1
r 2 cos2   r 2 sin2   02 12

 r 2 cos2   sin 2   1 

 r2  1
 r  1 1 Conventionally, r  0
 cos  0 and sin   1

 
2
 
 i  r cos  i r sin   cos  i sin
2 2
Exercise 5.3
Question 1:
Solve the equation x2  3  0
Solution 1:
The given quadratic equation is x2  3  0
On comparing the given equation with ax2  bx  c  0,
We obtain a  1, b  0, and c  3
Therefore, the discriminant of the given equation is
D  b2  4ac  02  4 1 3  12
Therefore, the required solutions are
b  D  12  12i  1  i
    
2a 2 1 2
2 3i
   3i
2
Question 2:
Solve the equation 2x2  x 1  0
Solution 2:
The given quadratic equation is 2x2  x 1  0
On comparing the given equation with ax2  bx  c  0 ,
We obtain a  2, b  1 and c  1
D  b2  4ac  12  4  2 1  1 8  7
b  D 1  7 1  7i  1  i 
   
2a 2 2 4

Question 3:
Solve the equation x2  3x  9  0
Solution 3:
The given quadratic equation is x2  3x  9  0
D  b2  4ac  32  4 1 9  9  36  27
b  D 3  27 3  3 3 3  3 3i  1  i 
    
2a 2 1 2 2
Question 4:
Solve the equation x2  x  2  0
Solution 4:
The given quadratic equation is x2  x  2  0
We obtain a  1, b  1, and c  2
D  b2  4ac  12  4   1   2  1 8  7
b  D 1  7 1  7i  1  i 
   
2a 2  1 2
Question 5:
Solve the equation x2  3x  5  0
Solution 5:
The given quadratic equation is x2  3x  5  0
D  b2  4ac  32  4 1 5  9  20  11
b  D 3  11 3  11 i  1  i 
   
2a 2 1 2
Question 6:
Solve the equation x2  x  2  0

Solution 6:
The given quadratic equation is x2  x  2  0
We obtain a  1, b  1, and c  2
D  b2  4ac   1  4 1 2  1  8  7
2

b  D   1  7 1  7i  1  i 
   
2a 2 1 2
Question 7:
Solve the equation 2 x2  x  2  0
Solution 7:
The given quadratic equation is 2x2  x  2  0
D  b2  4ac  12  4  2  2  1 8  7
b  D 1  7 1  7i  1  i 
   
2a 2 2 2 2
Question 8:
Solve the equation 3x2  2x  3 3  0
Solution 8:
The given quadratic equation is 3x2  2x  3 3  0
We obtain a  3, b   2, and c  3 3
   3 3 3   2  36  34
2
D  b2  4ac   2  4
b  D   2  34



2  34 i  1  i 
2a 2 3 2 3  
Question 9:

1
Solve the equation x2  x  0
2
Solution 9:
1
The given quadratic equation is x2  x  0
2
This equation can also be written as 2x2  2x  1  0
On comparing the given equation with ax2  bx  c  0 , we obtain a  2, b  2, and c  1
 Discriminant  D   b2  4ac   2  2  1  2  4
2
 4 2
b  D  2  2  4 2  2  2 1  2 2
 
 
2a 2 2 2 2



  2  2 2 2 1 i 
 
 1  i 
  
 2 2 
 

1   2 2 1 i
2
Question 10:
x
Solve the equation x2  1  0
2
Solution 10:
x
The given quadratic equation is x2  1  0
2
This equation can also be written as 2x2  x  2  0
 Discriminant  D  b2  4ac  12  4  2  2  1  8  7
b  D 1  7 1  7 i  1  i 
   
2a 2 2 2 2

Miscellaneous Exercise
Question 1:
3
 1 
25
Evaluate: i18    
  i  
Solution 1:
3
 18  1 25 
i    
  i  
3
 1 
 i 442  461 
 i 
3
 
  i 4   i 2 
4 1 

  i   i 
4 6
3
 1
 i 2   i  1
4
 i
3
 1 i
 1    i  1
2
 i i
3
 i
  1  2 
 i 
  1  i 
3
  1 1  i 
3 3
  13  i3  3 1 i 1  i 

  1  i3  3i  3i 2 
  1  i  3i  3
   2  2i 
 2  2i
Question 2:
For any two complex numbers z1 and z 2 , prove that
Re  z1z2   Re z1 Re z2  Im z1 Im z2
Solution 2:
Let z1  x1  iy1 and z2  x2  iy2
 z1z2   x1  iy1  x2  iy2 
 x1  x2  iy2   iy1  x2  iy2 
 x1x2  ix1 y2  iy1x2  i 2 y1 y2
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5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
 x1x2  ix1 y2  iy1x2  y1 y2 i 2  1

  x1x2  y1 y2   i  x1 y2  y1x2 
 Re  z1z2   x1x2  y1 y2
 Re  z1z2   Re z1 Re z2  Im z1 Im z2
Hence, proved.
Question 3:
 1 2  3  4i 
Reduce     to the standard form
 1  4i 1  i  5  i 
Solution 3:
 1 2  3  4i   1  i   2 1  4i    3  4i 
    
 1  4i 1  i  5  i   1  4i 1  i    5  i 
 1  i  2  8i   3  4i   1  9i   3  4i 
 
1  i  4i  4i   5  i   5  3i   5  i 
2
 3  4i  27i  36i 2  33  31i 33  31i

 2 
 
 25  5i 15i  3i  28 10i 2 14  5i 

33  31i   14  5i  [On multiplying numerator and denominator by
2 14  5i  14  5i 
14  5i  ]
462  165i  434i  155i 2 307  599i
 
2 14   5i  
2 2
2 196  25i 2 
 
307  599i 307  599i 307 599i
   
2  221 442 442 442
This is the required standard form.
Question 4:
a  ib a 2  b2
prove that  x2  y 2   2
2
If x  iy 
c  id c  d2
Solution 4:
a  ib
x  iy 
c  id
a  ib c  id
  [On multiplying numerator and denominator by  c  id  ]
c  id c  id

 ac  bd   i  ad  bc 
c2  d 2
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  x  iy  
2  ac  bd   i  ad  bc 
c2  d 2
 x2  y 2  2ixy 
 ac  bd   i  ad  bc 
c2  d 2
On comparing real and imaginary parts, we obtain
ac  bd ad  bc
x2  y 2  2 ,  2 xy  2 ...... 1
c d 2
c  d2
x  y 2    x2  y 2   4 x2 y 2
2 2 2
 ac  bd   ad  bc 
2
 2 2 
 2 2 
[Using (1)]
 c d   c d 
a2c2  b2 d 2  2acbd  a 2d 2  b2c 2  2adbc

 c2  d 2 
2
a 2 c 2  b2 d 2  a 2 d 2  b2 c 2

c  d2 
2 2
a 2  c 2  d 2   b2  c 2  d 2 

c  d  2 2 2

 c  d  a  b 
2 2 2 2
c  d 2 2 2
a 2  b2

c2  d 2
Hence, proved.
Question 5:
Convert the following in the polar form:
1  7i 1  3i
(i) , (ii)
2  i 1  2i
2
Solution 5:
1  7i
(i) Here, z 
2  i
2
1  7i 1  7i 1  7i
  
2  i 4  i  4i 4 1  4i
2 2
1  7i 3  4i 3  4i  21i  28i 2
  
3  4i 3  4i 32  42
3  4i  21i  28 25  25i
 
32  42 25
 1  i
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
On squaring and adding, we obtain r 2 cos2   sin 2   1 
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    2
 r2  2 cos2   sin 2   1
r  2 [Conventionally, r  0 ]
 2 cos  1 and 2 sin   1
1 1
2 2
 3
     [As  lies in II quadrant]
4 4
 z  r cos  i r sin 
3 3  3 3 
 2 cos  i 2 sin  2  cos  i sin 
4 4  4 4 
1  3i
(ii) Here, z 
1  2i
1  3i 1  2i
 
1  2i 1  2i
1  2i  3i  6

1 4
5  5i
  1  i
5
Let r cos  1 and r sin 
 1 on squaring and adding, we obtain r 2  cos2   sin 2  
 11
 r 2  cos2   sin 2    2
 r2  2 cos2   sin 2   1
r  2 Conventionally, r  0
 2 cos  1 and 2 sin   1
1 1
2 2
 3
     [As  lies in II quadrant]
4 4
 z  r cos  i r sin 
3 3  3 3 
 2 cos  i 2 sin  2  cos  i sin 
4 4  4 4 
Question 6:
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20
Solve the equation 3x2  4 x  0
3
Solution 6:
20
The given quadratic equation is 3x2  4 x  0
3
This equation can also be written as 9x2 12x  20  0
On comparing this equation with ax2  bx  c  0 , we obtain a  9, b  12 and c  20
D  b2  4ac   12  4  9  20  144  720  576
2

b  D  12  576 12  576 i  1  i 
   
2a 29 18
12  24i 6  2  4i  2  4i 2 4
     i
18 18 3 3 3
Question 7:
3
Solve the equation x2  2 x  0
2
Solution 7:
3
The given quadratic equation is x2  2 x  0
2
This equation can also be written as 2x2  4x  3  0
D  b2  4ac   4  4  2  3  16  24  8
2

b  D   4  8 4  2 2 i  1  i 
   
2a 2 2 4
2  2i 2
  1 i
2 2
Question 8:
Solve the equation 27 x2 10x 1  0
Solution 8:
The given quadratic equation is 27 x2 10x 1  0
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D  b2  4ac   10  4  27 1  100 108  8

2

b  D   10  8 10  2 2 i  1  i 
   
2a 2  27 54
5  2i 5 2
   i
27 27 27
Question 9:
Solve the equation 21x2  28x 10  0
Solution 9:
The given quadratic equation is 21x2  28x 10  0
D  b2  4ac   28  4  2110  784  840  56
2

b  D   28  56 28  56 i  1  i 
   
2a 2  21 42
28  2 14 i 28 2 14 2 14
   i  i
42 42 42 3 21
Question 10:
z1  z2  1
If z1  2  i, z2  1  i, find
z1  z2  1
Solution 10:
z1  2  i, z2  1  i
z1  z2  1  2  i   1  i   1
 
z1  z2  1  2  i   1  i   1
4 4
 
2  2i 2 1  i 
2 1 i 2 1  i 
   2 2
1  i 1  i 1  i 
2 1  i 
 i  1
2
11
2 1  i 

2
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 1  i  12  12  2
z1  z2  1
Thus, the value of is 2.
z1  z2  1
Question 11:
 x  i  x  1
2 2 2
If a  ib  , prove that a 2  b2 
2 x2  1  2x  1
2 2
Solution 11:
 x  i
2
a  ib 
2 x2  1
x2  i 2  2xi

2 x2  1
x2 1  i 2 x

2 x2  1
x2 1  2 x 
 2 i 
2 x  1  2 x2  1 
On comparing real and imaginary parts, we obtain
x2 1 2x
a 2 and b  2
2x 1 2x  1
2
 x2  1   2 x 
2
a b   2   2 
2 2
 2x  1   2x  1 
x4  1  2 x2  4 x2

 2 x  1
2
x4  1  2 x2

 2x 1 2 2
 x  1
2 2

 2 x  1
2 2
 x  1
2 2
a b2 2

 2x  1 2 2
Hence, proved.
Question 12:
zz   1 
Let z1  2  i, z2  2  i . Find (i) Re  1 2  , (ii) Im  
 z1   z1 z1 
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Solution 12:
z1  2  i, z2  2  i
(i) z1z2   2  i  2  i   4  2i  2i  i 2  4  4i   1  3  4i
z1  2  i
zz 3  4i
 1 2
z1 2i
On multiplying numerator and denominator by  2  i  , we obtain
z1 z2  3  4i  2  i  6  3i  8i  4i 2 6  11i  4  1
  
z1  2  i  2  i  22  12 22  12
2  11i 2 11
   i
5 5 5
On comparing real parts, we obtain
 z z  2
Re  1 2  
 z1  5
1 1 1 1
(ii)   
z1 z1  2  i  2  i   2  1 5
2 2
On comparing imaginary parts, we obtain

 1 
Im  0
 z1 z1 
Question 13:
1  2i
Find the modulus and argument of the complex number
1  3i
Solution 13:
1  3i
Let z  , then
1  3i
1  2i 1  3i 1  3i  2i  6i 2 1  5i  6  1
z   
1  3i 1  3i 12  32 1 9
5  5i 5 5i 1 1
     i
10 10 10 2 2
Let z  r cos  ir sin 
1 1
i.e., r cos   and r sin  
2 2
 1   1 
2 2
r  cos   sin        
2 2 2
 2   2
1 1 1
 r2   
4 4 2
1
r  Conventionally, r  0
2
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1 1 1 1
 cos  and sin  
2 2 2 2
1 1
 cos  andsin  
2 2
 3
     [As  lies in the II quadrant]
4 4
1 3
Therefore, the modulus and argument of the given complex number are and
2 4
respectively.
Question 14:
Find the real numbers x and y if  x  iy 3  5i  is the conjugate of 6  24i .
Solution 14:
Let z   x  iy  3  5i 
z  3x  5xi  3yi  5 yi 2  3x  5xi  3yi  5 y  3x  5 y   i 5x  3y 
 z   3x  5 y   i 5x  3 y 
It is given that, z  6  24 i
 3x  5 y   i 5x  3 y   6  24i
Equating real and imaginary parts, we obtain
3x  5 y  6 ........  i 
5x  3 y  24 ........  ii 
Multiplying equation (i) by 3 and equation (ii) by 5 and then adding them, we obtain
9 x  15 y  18
25x  15 y  120
34 x  102
102
x 3
34
Putting the value of x in equation (i), we obtain
33  5 y  6
5 y  6  9  15
 y  3
Thus, the values of x and y are 3 and 3 respectively.
Question 15:
1 i 1 i
Find the modulus of  .
1 i 1 i
Solution 15:
www.vedantu.com 22
1  i 1  i 1  i   1  i 
2 2
 
1 i 1 i 1  i 1  i 
1  i 2  2i 1  i 2  2i

12  12
4i
  2i
2
1 i 1 i
   2i  22  2
1 i 1 i
Question 16:
  4  x2  y 2 
u v
If  x  iy   u  iv, then show that:
3
x y
Solution 16:
 x  iy   u  iv
3
 x3  iy   3  x  iy  x  iy   u  iv
3
 x3  i3 y3  3x2 yi  3xy2i 2  u  iv
 x3  iy3  3x2 yi  3xy2  u  iv
  x3  3xy 2   i  3x2 y  y3   u  iv
On equating real and imaginary parts, we obtain
u  x3  3xy 2 , v  3x2 y  y3
u v x3  3xy 2 3x2 y  y3
   
x y x y
x  x2  3 y 2  y  3x 2  y 2 
 
x y
 x  3 y  3x  y
2 2 2 2
 4 x2  4 y 2
 4  x2  y 2 
   4  x2  y 2 
u v
x y
Hence, proved.
Question 17:
 
If  and  are different complex numbers with   1, then find
1  
Solution 17:
Let   a  ib and   x  iy
www.vedantu.com 23
It is given that,   1
 x2  y 2  1
 x2  y2  1 .......i 
 

 x  iy    a  ib 
1 1   a  ib  x  iy 

 x  a  i  y  b
1   ax  aiy  ibx  by 

 x  a  i  y  b
1  ax  by   i bx  ay 

 x  a  i  y  b  z1 z 
 1

1  ax  by   i bx  ay   z2 z2 
 x  a   y  b
2 2

1  ax  by   bx  ay 
2 2
x2  a2  2ax  y 2  b2  2by

1  a2 x2  b2 y 2  2ax  2abxy  2by  b2 x 2  a 2 y 2  2abxy

 x  y   a  b  2ax  2by
2 2 2 2
1  a  x  y   b  y  x   2ax  2by
2 2 2 2 2 2
1  a2  b2  2ax  2by
  Using 1
1  a2  b2  2ax  2by
 
 1
1  
Question 18:
Find the number of non-zero integral solutions of the equation 1  i  2x
x
Solution 18:
1  i  2x
x
 1  1   2
x
 2 2 x
 2
x
  2x
 2x / 2  2x
x
 x
2
 x  2x
www.vedantu.com 24
 2x  x  0
x0
Thus, 0 is the only integral solution of the given equation. Therefore, the number of nonzero
integral solutions of the given equation is 0.
Question 19:
If  a  ib c  id  e  if  g  ih   A  iB, , then show that:
a 2
 b2  c2  d 2  e2  f 2  g 2  h2   A2  B2 .
Solution 19:
 a  ib c  id  e  if  g  ih  A  iB
  a  ib c  id  e  if  g  ih   A  iB
 a  ib   c  id    e  if    g  ih  A  iB  z1z2  z1 z2 
 a2  b2  c2  d 2  e2  f 2  g 2  h2  A2  B2
On squaring both sides, we obtain
 a2  b2 c2  d 2 e2  f 2  g 2  h2   A2  B2 . Hence proved.
Question 20:
 1 i 
m
If    1 then find the least positive integral value of m.

 1 i 
Solution 20:
 1 i 
m
  1
 1 i 
 1 i 1 i 
m
   1
 1 i 1 i 
m
 1  i 2 
  2 2  1
 
 1 1 
m
 12  i 2  2i 
  1
 2 
 1  1  2i 
m
  1
 2 
m
 2i 
   1
2
im  1
 i m  i 4k
www.vedantu.com 25
 m  4k , where k is some integer.
Therefore, the least positive integer is 1.
Thus, the least positive integral value of m is 4   4 1 .
www.vedantu.com 26
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5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 1

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 2

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 3

Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 4  3i is given by

Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 5  3i

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 4

Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of i is given by

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 5

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 6

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 7

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 8

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 9

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 10

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 11

Therefore, the required solutions are

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 12

5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations www.vedantu.com 13

  13  i3  3 1 i 1  i 

 x1x2  ix1 y2  iy1x2  y1 y2 i 2  1

 3  4i  27i  36i 2  33  31i 33  31i

Therefore, the required solutions are

Therefore, the required solutions are

D  b2  4ac   10  4  27 1  100 108  8

Therefore, the required solutions are

Therefore, the required solutions are

On comparing imaginary parts, we obtain

If    1 then find the least positive integral value of m.

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