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    Direct and Indirect Speech New

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    Pandora Evergarden
    This document discusses direct and indirect speech. [1] Direct speech reports someone's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea without quotations. [2] When changing direct speech to indirect speech, tenses may need to change depending on the reporting verb. [3] If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the tense of the reported words usually changes to the appropriate past tense, but tenses often remain the same if the reporting verb is in the present or future.

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    Direct and Indirect Speech New

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    Pandora Evergarden
    197 views4 pages
    This document discusses direct and indirect speech. [1] Direct speech reports someone's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea without quotations. [2] When changing direct speech to indirect speech, tenses may need to change depending on the reporting verb. [3] If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the tense of the reported words usually changes to the appropriate past tense, but tenses often remain the same if the reporting verb is in the present or future.

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    about Direct and Indirect Speech in grammar

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    This document discusses direct and indirect speech. [1] Direct speech reports someone's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea without quotations. [2] When changing direct speech to indirect speech, tenses may need to change depending on the reporting verb. [3] If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the tense of the reported words usually changes to the appropriate past tense, but tenses often remain the same if the reporting verb is in the present or future.

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    197 views4 pages

    Direct and Indirect Speech New

    Uploaded by

    Pandora Evergarden
    This document discusses direct and indirect speech. [1] Direct speech reports someone's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea without quotations. [2] When changing direct speech to indirect speech, tenses may need to change depending on the reporting verb. [3] If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the tense of the reported words usually changes to the appropriate past tense, but tenses often remain the same if the reporting verb is in the present or future.

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    of 4

    CHAPTER II

    THEORY

    A. Direct Speech
    Direct sentences is the sentences which the speakers speech is directly written.
    As it is, the sentences is written using quotation marks, therefore this sentences is also
    commonly reffered to as a quote sentences.
    Direct sentences consists of two parts, Reporting verbs and Reported words.
    Consider the table below :
    Direct Speech
    Reporting Verbs Reported Words
    1. Gina says, “ I am a dentist ‘’
    2. Adi said, ‘’ Fia is a dilligent student ‘’
    3. Lala has said, ‘’ We have to studyhard for exam “

    B. Indirect Speech

    Indirect sentences is a sentence that reports something that is said by someone


    else. Therefore this sentences is commonly called reported speech.
    Direct sentences can be changed into indirect sentences by removing quotes
    and replacing them with that conjunctions.
    Some example of direct sentences that are converted ito indirect sentences :

    1. D : They say, “we are happy”


    I : They say that they are happy

    2. D : Ali said “ i don’t like seafood “


    I : Ali said that he did’t like seafood

    3. D : Paula said “ I love this town “


    I : Paula said that she loved that town

    4. D : My sister said “ i will visit my teacher “


    I : My sister said that she would visit her teacher
    C. The Rules for Changing Direct Sentences into Indirect Sentences

    There are two kinds of rules relating to changes in tenses in the formation of
    indirect sentences namely :
    a. Tenses in “ Reported Words” don’t need to be changed

    If the tenses in the Reporting Verbs in direct sentences are inthe form of
    Simple Present Tense, Present Future Tense, and Present Perfect Tense, then
    tenses on Reported Words in indirect sentences don’t need to changes.
    Some examples of indirect sentences that didn’t change the tenses in
    Reported Words are :
     D : Rina says to me, “ I am happy “
    In : Rina says to me that she is happy

     D : My lecturer will say, “ must speak up in the class “


    In : My lecturer will say that must speak up in the class

     D : Rose has said “ i have stayed in Jakarta for 3 years “


    In : Rose has said that she stayed in Jakarta for 3 years

    b. Tenses in “Reported Words” that must be changed

    If the tenses on the Reporting Verbs in sentences are inthe form of


    Simple Past Tense or Past Perfect Tense, then tenses on Reported Words must
    changes.
    Some examples of changes in tenses Reported Words in indirect
    sentences are :
     Simple Present Tense become Simple Past Tense :

    D : Hanum said, “ I love my parents so much “


    In : Hanum said that she loved her parents so much

     Present Perfect Tense become Past Perfect Tense

    D : Niko said, “ I have seen that film twice”


    In : Niko said that he had seen that film twice
    CHAPTER III
    CONCLUSION

    Direct speech is a sentences spoken directly from the speaker. Direct


    speech can be retold in other ways without changing the meaning, that is called
    Indirect Speech. There are two parts of Direct Speech namely Reporting Verbs and
    Reported Words.

    In this material, there are also procedures for coverting Direct Speech
    into Indirect Speech which are divided into two parts namely Tenses on Reported
    Words that don’t need to be changeand Tenses on Reported Words that must be
    changed. In indirect speech form will change according the rules if the sentences in
    the form of a Past. And if the sentences is directly not in the form of a past, but in
    form of a Simple Present, Present Perfect, and Present Future, the indirect speech will
    not change in the tense.
    BIBLIOGRAPHY

     Kasmini, Mien., and Siwi Kadarmo.2018. Modul English Grammar.Jakarta:


    Cmedia

     Handoko, Teguh.2018.Student’s Pocket Grammar.Klaten: Real Books

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