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10. (A) His brother ate the food that was in the refrigerator.
(B) His brother helped him clean the refrigerator.
(C) He and his brother went out to eat.
(D) He and his brother bought a lot of food.
12. (A) She doesn't know if she can take time off from work.
(B) She'll invite her supervisor to go skiing.
(C) She'll not sure she wants to go.
(D) She has been planning the trip for a long time.
13. (A) They don't have room for any more volunteers.
(B) He hopes the story will raise money for the newspaper.
(C) More people need to get involved in the campaign.
(D) Vote registration is controversial on campus.
20. (A) She was worried when the man didn't come.
(B) The game was canceled.
(C) The team played quite badly.
(D) Their opponents were easy to best.
21. (A) She'd like to watch the news else where since her room is cold.
(B) She's angry with the man and would like him to leave.
(C) She doesn't like watching the news.
(D) She doesn't want the man to get sick.
26. (A) The movie was more expensive than he thought it would be.
(B) He had waned the woman about the movie.
(C) The woman didn't tell him about the reviews.
(D) He agrees with the woman about the movie.
29. (A) The woman missed her chance to see him on television.
(B) The interview will be rebroadcast soon.
(C) He saw the woman on the news.
(D) The woman should have read his newspaper article.
39. (A) So that they are protected from scratches by the crane's talons.
(B) So that they aren't exposed to infectious diseases.
(C) So that the chicks can be examined in a sterile environment.
(D) So that the chicks don't become dependent on human.
96 年 1 月 TOFEL 语法 (Page34)
2. _____ have a very keen sense of hearing, although most do not hear sounds audible to the
human ear.
(A) While some insects do
(B) Some insects which
(C) Some insects
(D) That some insects.
3. Although both political parties wanted Dwight D. Eisenhower as their presidential nominee in
1952, he became a Republican candidate and _____.
(A) President was electing
(B) was elected President
(C) to elect the President
(D) being elected president.
4. If an act is rewarded many times, immediately and with strong reinforces, it will rapidly
become _____.
(A) a habit
(B) into a habit
(C) that which a habit
(D) a habit can be
6. _____ temperature at which air holds as much water vapor as it can is called the dew point.
(A) It is the
(B) Is the
(C) As the
(D) The
7. The earring is one of the oldest known ornaments and _____ pieces of stone, bone, or shell.
(A) was from originally from
(B) was made originally from
(C) originally made was from
(D) from originally made was
9. _____ mechanical device has ever been invented that can satisfactorily replace teasel flower
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10. Even as a girl, _____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.
(A) performances by Fanny Brice were
(B) it was known that Fanny Brice's performances were
(C) audiences knew that Fanny Brice's performances were
(D) Fanny Brice knew that performing was
11. _____ the diffusion of heat upward to the Earth's surface, the temperature within the
Earth remains constant.
(A) That
(B) Despite
(C) If
(D) When
12. Noise in a room may be reduced by carpeting, draperies, and upholstered furniture, _____
absorb sound.
(A) which they all
(B) of them all
(C) all of which
(D) of all which
13. _____ devised to lessen the drudgery of washing clothes that origin of the washing
machine is unclear.
(A) Were the inventions so numerous.
(B) The inventions so numerous.
(C) So numerous were the inventions.
(D) The inventions that were so numerous.
14. Of the thousands of varieties of bird species in North America, _____ bright red plumage,
like the cardinal, are most often designated as state bird.
(A) those that have
(B) who have
(C) which have
(D) to have their
15. _____ as a territory in 1854 and admitted as a state in 1861, Kansas is at the geographical
center of the United States.
(A) By organizing
(B) Because organized
(C) Organized
(D) He had organized
16. Before pioneers cleared the land for farms, cities, and road, forests covered about
A
B C
40 percent of what is now the state of Illinois.
D
17.The sea chantey, a type of folk music, not only described the pleasures of stations'
A
B
lives ashore, also but the harsh conditions of life aboard ship.
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C D
18. Mount Rushmore National Memorial in South Dakota has a heads of four
A
B
presidents of the United States carved into its face.
C D
19. Nest building is much less commonly among mammals than among birds.
A B C
D
20. The Awakening, a novel by Kate Chopin, shocked readers and cause a storm of
A B
C
criticism.
D
21. The Alaskan Highway was officially opened November 20, 1942, although much
A
B
more work needed be done to complete it.
C D
22. Sagebrush flourishes in the dry soil of the western plains, where other many plants
A B
C
cannot grow.
D
23. Modern directions of Shakespeare are not longer inhibited by earlier traditions of
A B
C
realistic settings.
D
24. Surveys show that the majority of passengers are pleasing that an agreement has
A
been reached to forbid smoking on commercial flights within the continental United
B C
D
States.
25. Snakes are capable of graceful motion throughout the entire long of their rubbery
A B C
bodies.
D
26. Tariffs preventing the most efficient use of the world's resources by restricting division of
A B
C
labor to national boundaries.
D
27. The Aleuts in western Alaska have always depended of the sea for food.
A B
C D
28. Atoms that having different atomic numbers generally behave differently.
A B C
D
29. Over the past few year, many towns in the United States have been joining with neighboring
A B
C
communities to share the costs of government.
D
30. What makes for human skeleton hard and strong is the presence of the metallic element
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A B
C D
calcium.
31. Many of Robert Bly's poems explore solitude, natural vigor, and silent in an immediate and
A
B C
modern idiom.
D
32. To convert an angle measured in radians for an equivalent angle measured in degrees,
A B
multiply the number of radians by 57,296.
C D
33. Serving as chief of the United States Children's Bureau from 1921 to 1934., Grace Abbott
A
fought for the rights of women and children through the world.
B C D
34. To people from temperate climates, tropical butterflies may seem incredible big.
A B C
D
35. The first railroad in the United States were short wooden tramways connecting mines also
A B
C
quarries with nearby streams.
D
36. The league of Women Voters of the United States identifies certain local, state, and nation
A B
issues for study and action.
C D
37. Fibers can come from plants, animals, or mineral ores, or they may be made from a variety
A B
C
chemical substances.
D
38. Edwin Franko Goldman was the first bandmaster to encourage leading contemporary
A
compositions to write original works for a band.
B C D
39. The tapir, an odd-toed, hoofed mammal, feed on plants, eating such things as grass, leaves,
A
B
fallen fruit, and moss in large quantities.
C D
40. For thousands of years, people have used some kind of refrigeration cooling beverages and
A B
C
preserve edibles.
D
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96 年 1 月 TOFEL 阅读(Page35-36)
Questions 1-7
Joyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories. By The Gate, in 1963, two
years after she had received her master's degree from the University of Wisconsin and become an
instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been prodigious,
accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short
stories and verse, plays, and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach,
moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor, in Ontario, and, in
1978, to Princeton University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but find a
productivity of such magnitude difficult to assess.
In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors
such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at
times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction.
Hers is a world of violence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it
appears to come from her own direct observations, her dreams, and her fears, much more is
clearly from the experiences of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall(1964), dealt with
stock car racing, though she had never seen a race. IN Them(1969) she focused on Detroit from
the Depression through the notes of 1967, drawing much of her material from the deep impression
made on her by the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source and however shocking
the events or the motivations, however, her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one
reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines
of our day.
2. Which of the following does the passage indicate about Joyce Carol Qate's first publication?
(A) It was part of her master's thesis.
(B) It was a volume of short fiction.
(C) It was not successful.
(D) It was about an English instructor in Detroit.
3. Which of the following does the passage suggest about Joyce Carol Oates in terms of her
writing career?
(A) She has experienced long nonproductive periods in her writing.
(B) Her style is imitative of other contemporary authors
(C) She has produced a surprising amount of fictions in a relative short time.
(D) Most of her work is based on personal experience.
4. The word "characterized" in line 10 can best replaced by which of the following?
(A) Shocked
(B) Impressed
(C) Distinguished
(D) Helped
(D) Racing
7. Which of the following would Joyce Carol Oates be most likely to write?
(A) A story with an unhappy ending
(B) A romancer novel set in the nineteenth century
(C) A science fiction novel
(D) A dialogue for a talk show
Question 8-18
Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature,
especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber
seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats
mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and
can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?
For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its
diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in
shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific
shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present.
Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish - brown to sand -
color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are
cucumber - shaped - hence their name - and because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape,
combined with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from
predators and ocean currents.
Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity
to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate - feeding sparingly or not at all for long
periods, so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were
not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in s short time and would probably
starve themselves out of existence.
But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major
enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also
casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate
itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if surrounding water temperature is too
high or if the water becomes too polluted.
10. According to the Passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important?
(A) It helps them to digest their food
(B) It helps them to protect themselves from danger.
(C) It makes it easier for them to move through the mud.
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11. The words "this faculty" in line20 refer to the sea cucumber's ability to
(A) squeeze into crevices
(B) devour all available food in a short time
(C) suck up mud or sand
(D) live at a low metabolic rate
14. Of all the characteristics of the sea cucumber, which of the following seems to fascinate
the author most?
(A) What it does when threatened.
(B) Where it lives
(C) How it hides from predators
(D) What it eats.
15. Compared with other sea creatures the sea cucumber is very
(A) dangerous
(B) intelligent
(C) strange
(D) fat
16. What can be inferred about the defense mechanisms of the sea cucumber?
(A) They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli.
(B) They are almost useless.
(C) They require group cooperation.
(D) They are similar to those of most sea creatures.
17. Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs
into the water?
(A) A touch
(B) Food
(C) Unusually warm water
(D) Pollution
18. Which of the following is an example of behavior comparable with the sea cucumber
living at a low metabolic rate?
(A) An octopus defending itself with its tentacles
(B) A bear hibernating in the winter
(C) A pig eating constantly
(D) A parasite living on its host's blood.
Question 19-29
A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is
homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed
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rituals. Order is maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, and interpersonal
relationships are strong. Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently and slowly. There
is relatively little division of labor into specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to
perform a great variety of tasks, though duties many differ between the sexes. Most goods are
handmade, and a subsistence economy prevails. Individualism is weakly developed in folk
cultures, as are social classes. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries
such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern-equivalent in Anglo-America is
the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving
device of the industrial age. In Amish areas, horse - drawn buggies still serve as a local
transportation device, and the faithful are not permitted to own automobiles. The Amish's central
religious concept of Demut, "humility", clearly reflects the weakness of individualism and social
class so typical of folk cultures, and there is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity.
Rarely do the Amish marry outside their sect. The religion, a variety of the Mennonite faith,
provides the principal mechanism for maintaining -order.
By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and
constantly changing. Relationships tend to be impersonal, and a pronounced division of labor
exists, leading to the establishment of many specialized professions. Secular institutions of control
such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a
money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, "popular" may be viewed as clearly
different from "folk". The popular is replacing the folk in industrialized countries and in many
developing nations, Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the
popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more
prestige to the owner.
22. What does the author imply about the United States and Canada?
(A) They value folk cultures
(B) They have no social classes.
(C) They have popular cultures.
(D) They do not value individualism.
25. Which of the following statements about Amish beliefs does the passage support?
(A) A variety of religious practices is tolerated.
(B) Individualism and competition are important.
(C) Pre-modern technology is preferred.
(D) People are defined according to their class.
26. Which of the following would probably NOT be found in a folk culture?
(A) A carpenter
(B) A farmer
(C) A weaver
(D) A banker
29. Which of the following is NOT given as a reason why folk-made objects are replaced by
mass-produced objects?
(A) Cost
(B) Prestige
(C) Quality
(D) Convenience
Question 30-40
Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather - torrential rains, severe
thunderstorms, and tornadoes - begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating
small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, stuck the
northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado
exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models
of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short - lived local storms like the Edmonton
tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers
to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example,
weather -balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically
separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a
much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting
specific local events.
Until recently, the observation - intensive approach needed for accurate, very short - range
forecasts, or "Nowcasts," was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands
of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly
collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable.
Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar
systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly
continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can
transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly
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compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer
scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of
transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters
can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in
weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.
30. What does he passage mainly discuss?(A) Computers and weather
(B) Dangerous storms
(C) Weather forecasting
(D) Satellites
31. Why does the author mention the tornado in Edmonton, Canada?
(A) To indicate that tornadoes are common in the summer
(B) To give an example of a damaging storm
(C) To explain different types of weather
(D) To show that tornadoes occur frequently in Canada
33. Why does the author state in line 10 that observations are taken "just once every twelve
hours?"
(A) To indicate that the observations are timely
(B) To show why the observations are on limited value
(C) To compare data from balloons and computers
(D) To give an example of international cooperation
35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advance in short - range weather
forecasting?
(A) Weather balloons
(B) Radar systems
(C) Automated instruments
(D) Satellites
(B) inaccurate
(C) uncooked
(D) unprocessed
39. With which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree?
(A) Communications satellites can predict severe weather.
(B) Meteorologists should standardize computer programs.
(C) The observation - intensive approach is no longer useful.
(D) Weather predictions are becoming more accurate.
41-50
People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that
unprecedented change in he nation's economy would bring social chaos. In the years following
1820, after several decades of relative stability, the economy entered a period of sustained and
extremely rapid growth that continued to the end of the nineteenth century. Accompanying that
growth that was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a
gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other
nonagricultural pursuits.
Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early
nineteenth century. The population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the
nineteenth centuries. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. Massive waves of
immigration brought new ethnic groups into the country. Geographic and social mobility -
downward as well as upward - touched almost everyone. Local studies indicate that nearly three -
quarters of the population - in the North and South, in the emerging cities of the Northeast, and in
the restless rural counties of the West - changed their residence each decade. As a consequence,
historian David Donald has written, "Social atomization affected every segment of society," and it
seemed to many people that "all the recognized values of orderly civilization were gradually being
eroded." Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century
had special implications for women because these tended to magnify social distinctions. As the
roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played
in the home. In the context of extreme competitiveness and dizzying social change, the household
lost many of its earlier functions and the home came to serve as a haven of tranquillity and order.
As the size of families decreased, the roles of husband and wife became more clearly
differentiated than ever before. In the middle class especially, men participated in the productive
economy while women ruled the home and served as the custodians of civility and culture. The
intimacy of marriage that was common in earlier periods was rent, and a gulf that at times seemed
unbridgeable was created between husbands and wives.
41.What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The economic development of the United States in the eighteenth century
(B) Ways in which economic development led to social changes in the United States
(C) Population growth in the western United States
(D) The increasing availability of industrial jobs for women in the United States
43.According to the passage, the economy of the United States between 1820 and 1900 was
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(A) expanding
(B) in sharp decline
(C) stagnate
(D) disorganized
46. According to the passage, as the nineteenth century progressed, the people of the United
States
(A) emigrated to other countries
(B) often settled in the West
(C) tended to change the place in which they lived
(D) had a higher rate of birth than ever before
47.Which of the following best describes the society about which David Donald wrote?
(A) A highly conservative society that was resistant to new ideas
(B) A society that was undergoing fundamental change
(C) A society that had been gradually changing since the early 1700's
(D) A nomadic society that was starting permanent settlements
49.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of the social changes occurring in the
United States after 1820?
(A) Increased social mobility
(B) Increased immigration
(C) Significant movement of population
(D) Strong emphasis on traditional social values