SUCCESSION:

By: Atty. Ma. Caridad SJ. Villamor-Yee

Overview:

The course covers Book Three of the Civil Code, specifically Articles 774-1105
thereof, and would include related provisions of other laws like the Family
Code, Rules of Court, special laws, etc., It will also include rules of procedure
on the settlement and administration of the estate of deceased persons.

Requirements:

1. Every student is expected to read all assigned codal articles, special laws,
and cases as provided in the Course Outline.

2. Read the assigned cases in their full text. Relying on case digests is
discouraged.

3. Recitation is conducted and graded every session. Coaching is strictly

prohibited.

4. Students are required to take the mid-terms and final examinations. Failure
to take the examinations, without valid cause, or missing the completion
exam, shall result in a failing grade for the course.

5. Any form of cheating shall result in a failing FINAL GRADE.

6. Attendance will not be checked always. However, when a student is called

for recitation and he is absent, a grade of 65 will automatically be given for that
session.

SUCCESSION

I. CONCEPT OF SUCCESSION:
- Balus vs. Balus, 610 SCRA 178

A. Laws that govern Succession

B. Definition and Nature of Succession
C. Kinds of Succession

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 1. Intervivos and Mortis Causa
2. Testamentary, intestate, or mixed
3. Compulsory and voluntary
4. Universal and particular
D. Basis of Succession
E. Elements of Succession
1. a mode of acquiring ownership
2. a gratuitous transmission
3. a transmission of property, rights, and obligations to another
to the extent of the value of inheritance
4. a transmission by virtue of death
5. a transmission that occurs either by will or by law
F. Subjective Elements of Succession
1. decedent
2. heirs/legatee/devisees
G. Objective Elements of Succession
- Hemady vs. Luzon Surety, 100 Phil 389
- Alvarez vs. IAC, 185 SCRA 8
- Union Bank vs. Santibañez, 452 SCRA 228
- Spouses Santos vs. Lumbao, 519 SCRA 408
- See also Rule 86 of Rules of Court, RA1056, RA 7170, Art. 89
RPC
H. Opening of Succession
- De Borja vs. De Borja, 46 SCRA 577
- Bonilla vs. Burcena, 71 SCRA 408

II. TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION:

A. Definition
-Vitug vs. CA, 183 SCRA 755
-Aluad vs. Aluad, 569 SCRA 697
B. Wills vs. Succession
B. Applicability of provisions on Testamentary Succession
C. Requirements for Capacity to make a Will
1. Not prohibited by law to make will
2. At least 18 years of age
3. Must be of sound mind
D. Time of Determining Capacity
E. Characteristics of a Will
1. Purely statutory
2. Purely personal
3. Free and intelligent
4. Disposes of property

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 5. Revocable and ambulatory
6. Formal or solemn
7. Executed with testamentary capacity
8. Executed with animus testandi
9. Unilateral
10. Mortis causa
11. Individual
- De la Cerna vs. Potot, 12 SCRA 576
- Decanay vs. Florendo, 87 Phil 324
E(a) Construction and Interpretation
- Rabadilla vs. Ca, 334 SCRA 522
- Seangio vs. Reyes, 508 SCRA 177
- Dizon-Rivera vs. Dizon, 33 SCRA 554
F. Governing Law
1. Law governing extrinsic validity
a. As to time of execution
- In Re Will of Jose Riosa, 39 Phil 23
- Enriquez vs. Abadia, 95 Phil 927
b. As to place of execution
2. Law governing intrinsic validity
a. As to time of execution
- Jimenez vs. Fernandez, 184 SCRA 190
b. As to successional rights
- Miciano vs. Brimo, 50 Phil 867
- Cayetano vs. Leonidas, 129 SCRA 524
3. Joint Wills
- De la Cerna vs. Potot, 12 SCRA 576
-Dacanay vs. Florendo, 87 Phil 324
4. Testamentary Capacity
- Ortega vs. Valmonte, 478 SCRA 247
H. Forms of Wills
1. Formal Requisites of Wills in General
- Noble vs. Abaja, 450 SCRA 265
- Suroza vs. Henrado, 110 SCRA 388
2. Formal Requisites of Notarial Will
a. Signing by the Testator
- Matias vs. Salud, G.R. No. L-10751, June 23, 1958
- Garcia vs. Lucuesta, 90 Phil 489
b. Attestation and Subscription by Three Witnesses
c. Signature on Every page
- Taboada vs. Rosal, 118 SCRA 195
-Icasiano vs. Icasiano, 11 SCRA 422
d. Pagination

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 e. Attestation Clause
- Cagro vs. Cagro, 92 Phil 1032
- Caneda vs. CA, 222 SCRA 781
- Azuela vs. CA, 487 SCRA 119
f. Acknowledgment
- Guerrero vs. Bihis, 521 SCRA 394
- Gabucan vs. Manta, 95 SCRA 752
- Lee vs. Tambago, 544 SCRA 393
3. Requirements for Handicapped Testator
- Garcia vs. Vasquez, 32 SCRA 489
- Alvarado vs. Gaviola, 226 SCRA 347
4. Witnesses to Wills
a. Qualifications
- Gonzales vs. CA, 90 SCRA 183
- Alvarado vs. Gaviola, 226 SCRA 347
b. Time of Determining Qualifications
c. Devisees and Legatees as Witnesses
d. Creditors as Witnesses
5. Formal Requirements of Holographic Wills
- Codoy vs. Calugay, 312 SCRA 333
- Spouses Ajero vs. CA, 236 SCRA 488
- Kalaw vs. Relova, 132 SCRA 237
- Rodelas vs. Aranza, 119 SCRA 16
6. Substantial Complaince Rule
- Caneda vs. CA, 222 sCRA 781
- Azuela vs. CA, 487 SCRA 119
- Cagro vs. Cagro, 92 Phil 1032
I. Interpretation
1. Giving effect to the will
2. Ambiguity or uncertainty
3. Scope and extent
J. Codicil and Incorporation by Reference
K. Revocation of Wills and Testamentary Dispositions
1. Right to Revoke
2. Manner of Revocation
-Maloto vs. CA, 153 SCRA 451
-Lipana vs. CFI of Cavite, 70 Phil 865
3. Governing Law
4. Implied Revocation
5. Effect of Revocation
6. Doctrine of Dependent Relative Revocation
- Molo vs. Molo, 90 Phil 37
L. Republication and Revival of Wills

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M. Allowance and Disallowance of Wills
- Camaya vs. Patulandong, 423 SCRA 480
- Nepumoceno vs. Ca, 139 SCRA 206
- Pastor vs. CA, 122 SCRA 885
- Muninang vs. CA, 114 SCRA 478
- Pascual vs. De la Cruz, 28 SCRA 421
- Reyes vs. Barreto Datu, 19 SCRA 83
Grounds:
- Pascual vs. Dela Cruz, 28 SCRA 421
- Alsua-Betts vs. CA 92 SCRA 332
N. Institution of Heirs
1. General Rule
2. Scope of Right to Institute Heirs
3. Manner of Institution of Heirs
4. False Cause
5. Scope of Institution
6. Predecease of Heir and Transmission of Rights
7. Kinds
a. Simple or pure
b. Conditional
c. With a Term
d. Modal
N. Preterition
1. Definition
2. Requisites
3. Effects
- JLT Agro vs. Balansag, 453 SCRA 211
- Solano vs. CA, 136 SCRA 122
- Acain vs. IAC, 155 SCRA 100
- Aznar vs. Duncan, 17 SCRA 590
- Balanay vs. Martinez, 64 SCRA 452
O. Substitution of Heirs
1. Concept
2. Kinds
a. Simple
b. Brief
c. Reciprocal
d. Fideicommissary
i. Elements
ii. Limitations
- Palacios vs. Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704
- Vda. de Kilayko vs. Tengco, 207 SCRA 600
- PCIB vs. Esculin, 56 SCRA 266

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 - Crisologo vs. Singson, 49 SCRA 491
3. Prohibition Against Alienation

III. LEGITIME

A. General
B. Persons entitled to Legitime
- Gregorio vs. Madarang, 612 SCRA 340
- Vizconde vs. CA, 286 SCRA 217
- Baritua vs. Ca, 183 SCRA 565
- Rosales vs. Rosales, 148 SCRA 69
C. Rules of Exclusion and Concurrence
D. Amounts of Legitimes
E. Computation of Legitime

IV. RESERVA TRONCAL

A. Concept and Purpose

- Sienes vs. Esparcia, 1 SCRA 750
B. Elements
- Chua vs. CFI of Negros Occidental, 78 SCRA 406
- Gonzales vs. CFI of Manila, 104 SCRA 161
- Mendoza vs. Delos Santos, 694 SCRA 74
- Solivio vs. CA 182 SCRA 119
C. Transmissions
D. Rights and Duties of Reservista
- Cano vs. Director, 105 SCRA 1
E. Right of Reservatarios
- Florentino vs. Florentino, 40 Phil 480
- De Papa vs. Camacho, 144 SCRA 281
- Sumoya vs. IAC, 201 SCRA 178
F. Extinguishment
G. Reserva maxima vs. Reserva minima

V. DISINHERITANCE

A. Concept
-Seangio vs. Reyes, 508 SCRA 177
B. Requisites
C. Ineffective Disinheritance
D. Representation
E. Causes for Disinheritance

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 F. Reconciliation

VI. LEGACIES AND DEVICES

- Fernandez vs. Dimagiba, 21 SCRA 428
- Belen vs. BPI, GR. No. L-14474, October 31, 1960

VII. LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION

A. General Concept
B. Basis
C. Instances of Intestate Succession
D. Intestate Heirs
- Rosales vs. Rosales, 148 SCRA 69
E. General Rules of Intestate Succession
a. Preference of Lines
b. Proximity
c. Equal Division and its limitations
F. Relationship
G. Accretion
H. Representation
- Sayson vs. CA, 205 SCRA 321
- De los Santos vs. Dela Cruz, 37 SCRA 555
- Tumbokon vs. Legaspi, 626 SCRA 736
I. Order of Intestate Succession
a. Direct Descending Line
- Bolaños vs. Bernarte, 635 SCRA 264
b. Direct Ascending
c. Illegitimate Children
i. Succession by Illegitimate Children
ii. Succession to the Estate of Illegitimate Child
- Manuel vs. Ferrer, 247 SCRA 476
- Pascual vs. Pascual-Bautista, 207 SCRA 561
- Diaz vs. IAC, 150 SCRA 645
- Leonardo vs. CA, 120 SCRA 890
d. Surviving Spouse
- Santillon vs. Miranda, 14 SCRA 563
e. Collateral Relatives
- Bicomong vs. Almanza, 80 SCRA 421
f. State

VIII. RIGHT OF ACCRETION

A. Definition

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 B. Requisites
C. Effects
D. When not applicable

IX. CAPACITY TO SUCCEED BY WILL OR BY INTESTACY

A. Capacity
B. Incapacity
C. Reckoning Time
D. Effects of Incapacity
E. Prescription

X. ACCEPTANCE AND REPUDIATION OF INHERITANCE

A. Concept
B. Capacity to accept or repudiate
C. Forms of Acceptance
D. Forms of Repudiation
E. Repudiation prejudicial to Creditors

XI. EXECUTORS AND ADMINISTRATORS

XII. COLLATION

A. Collations as Computation
B. Collation as Imputation or Charging
C. Collation as Restitution
- De Roma vs. CA, 152 SCRA 205
- Dizon-Rivera vs. Dizon, 33 SCRA 554

XIII. PARTITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ESTATE

A. Co-ownership before Partition

- Alejandrino vs. CA, 295 SCRA 536
B. Concept of Partition
- Maestrado vs. CA, 327 SCRA 678
- Hermoso vs. CA, 300 SCRA 516
- Ancog vs. CA, 274 SCRA 676
C. Persons who could effect Partition
D. Manner of Partition
E. Effects of Partition
F. Rescission or Nullity of Partition
- Heirs of Ureta vs. heirs of Ureta, 657 SCRA 555

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- Bautista vs. Grino-Aquino, 166 SCRA 790

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