test 1 Dropper (JEE)

Stay Ahead

1/16
 test 1 Dropper (JEE)

Solution
Physics, Chemistry and Maths

1 (D)
ay = α

dv y
⇒ = α
dt

⇒ v y = ∫ αdt = αt + constant

At t ,
= 0 vy = 0

⇒ constant = 0

⇒ v y = αt
dy
⇒ = αt ............(1)
dt
dx
⇒ 2βx = αt
dt

⇒ 2βxv x = αt
αt
vx = ............(2)
2βx

From (1)
2
t
′
y = ∫ αtdt = α + c
2
At t ,
= 0 y = 0
′
⇒ c = 0
2
t
⇒ y = α
2
2
t
2
βx = α
2
2
2βx
⇒ t = √ ....(3)
α

Substituting t from (3) into (2)

2
2βx
α√
α α
vx = = √
2βx 2β

2 (B)
The position of particle is given as x
Thus the velocity of particle
According to problem,
2
v =
= 37 + 27t − t

dx

dt
= 27 − 3t
2
3

Stay Ahead
v = 0 ⇒ 27 − 3t = 0

27
Here, we get t = √ = √9 = 3s
3

Thus the distance of particle when it comes to rest x(t = 3 s) = 37 + 27 × 3 − (3)
3
= 91 m

3 (B)
As both the trains are moving in opposite direction, relative speed of each train with respect to each other be, v = 10 + 15 = 25m/s

Here distance covered by each train = sum of their lengths = 50 + 50 = 100m

100
∴ Required time = = 4sec
25

4 (C)
1 1
For bus \displaystyles = at
2
⇒ s = × 1 × t
2
......(i)
2 2
For student (50 + s) = ut ........(ii)
2
t
from (i) and (ii) 50 + = ut
2
2
⇒ t − 2ut + 100 = 0

2
2u ± √4u − 4 × 100
t =
2

t must be real so 4u 2
− 400 = 0 for t to be minimum
u = 10 m/s

5 (A)
A d
According to the given information the ratio of speeds of A and B can be given as = .....(1)
B d − 20

Similarly,

B d
= .....(2)
C d − 10

A d
= .....(3)
C d − 28

From eqn (1) & (2):

A d d
= × .....(4)
C d − 20 d − 10

From eqn (3) & (4)

d d d
= ×
d − 28 d − 20 d − 10

⇒ (d − 10)(d − 20) = d(d − 28)

2 2
⇒ d − 30d + 200 = d − 28d

⇒ −2d = −200

⇒ d = 100

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6 (C)
1
Kinetic energy K = mv
2

2
2
⇒ K ∝ v

Comparable to equation of parabola y 2

= 4ax

Hence, graph is parabolic in shape.

7 (A)
Answer is A.

According to the graph given, the body A does not have uniform motion. An object is said to be in uniform motion when it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time. In this case, it accelerates to
a particular velocity and remains the same continuously. Otherwise, it is evident that the velocity of B is lesser that A initially and the body B crosses A at X.
Hence, the statement A has uniform motion is not correct.
8 (B)
The boat is sent across river with velocity 8km/h with respect to river perpendicular to it.
Hence v→ = 8^j
br

Let the velocity of river v→ = v^i r

Hence the resultant velocity of boat = v→ br →

+ vr = √v
2
br
2
+ vr

2
10 = √8 + v
2
⟹

⟹ v = 6km/h

9 (C)

Magnitude of slope of distance-time graph gives the speed of the particle.

BO x
Slope of line AB, m1 = =
AO 2
x
Thus speed in first two seconds, v1 = |m 1 | =
2
−BO −x
Slope of line BC, m2 = =
CO 4
x
Thus speed in first two seconds, v2 = |m 2 | =
4

v1 x/2 2
Thus ratio of speed = =
v2 x/4 1

Stay Ahead
10 (B)
Differentiate both to get v = 2 − 8t and v = 2 + 8t
1 2

Thus relative velocity = v − v = 16t 2 1

Relative acceleration = 16
Thus statement 1 and 2 are correct but statement 2 does not explain statement 1 correctly
11 (B)
The distance travelled in n th
second is
....(1)
1
Sn = u + (2n − 1) a
2
th
So distance travelled in t th
&(t + 1) second are
1
St = u + (2t − 1) a ....(2)
2

....(3)
1
St+1 = u + (2t + 1) a
2

As per question,
St + St+1 = 100 = 2 (u + at) ....(4)
Now from first equation of motion the velocity of particle after time t, if it moves with an acceleration a is
v = u + at ....(5)
where u is initial velocity
So from equation (4) and (5), we get v = 50cm/s

12 (B)
v = 0 + 1 × t

dx
= t
dt

dx = tdt
2
x ∝ t . . . . (1) (Parabolic)
dx
= 4
dt

dx = 4dt

x ∝ t. . . . (2) (Linear)

13 (C)
Let the length of the escalator be L
The rest velocity of the man be, u
The velocity of escalator be v
So, L = 60u and Also, L = 40v
Let, t be the time taken to move up the escalator.
The total velocity will be, u + v
L
So time taken =
u + v

L L
Now, u = and v =
60 40
Substituting the value, t = 24sec

14 (B)
Let faster overcome slower after time t
Velocity of faster relative to slower = (6.2 − 5.5) = 0.7 m/s

200
⟹ t = = 285.714
0.7
Distance covered by faster = 6.2 × t = 6.2 × 285.714 = 1770 = 8 × 200 + 170
Thus after making 8 complete round on circular track faster will overcome slower at 170 m away from the starting point

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15 (C)
Distance = area under velocity-time graph

(area of AEB)
1
s1−3 = × 2 × 20 = 20m △
2

s3−5 = 2 × 20 = 40cm (area of rectangle EFCB)

1
s5−7 = × 2 × 20 = 20m ( area of △ CDF)
2

s5−7 20 20 1
= = =
stotal 20 + 40 + 20 90 4

16 (C)
If air resistance is proportional to mass of the body, then acceleration due to it will be independent of mass and hence the two bodies will reach ground simultaneously.

mg − f air mg − mα
a = = = g− α .
m m

This acceleration is independent of mass and hence same time will be required.
17 (C)
We have the radius vector as r = at(1 − αt)

1
This radius vector becomes zero at t = 0 and t =
α
dr
Now the rate of change of radius vector is given as = a(1 − 2αt).
dt
1
This becomes 0 for t = .
2α
dr
Thus we get the equation for as
dt
1
a(1 − 2αt) for t < and
2α
1
a(2αt − 1) for t >
2α
Thus we get
1 1

2α α

s = ∫ a(1 − 2αt)dt + ∫ a(2αt − 1)dt

1
0
2α

2 1 2 1
/
2aαt /
2aαt
2α α
= at − | + − at| 1
0
/
2 /
2 2α

Stay Ahead
Solving this we get
a
s =
2α

18 (C)
Let the time elasped for catching the thief is t and distance travelled by thief is y.
1 2
⇒ y = at
2

⇒ x + y = Vt

x + y
Substituting t = in the first equation we get
V

2 2
⇒ a(x + y) = 2V y

By AM − GM for LHS we get

2
⇒ (x + y) ≥ 2xy

2
2V y
⇒ ≥ 2xy
a

2
⇒ V ≥ 2ax

19 (B)
Velocity of one person towards another person (Relative) as seen from the second person be V . 1

Thus, V = V − V C os60 {i.e Velocity of A - Velocity of B along the line of motion of A}

0
1

V V
V1 = V − =
2 2
S = X , (distance between the two person which needs to be covered)
S 2X
Thus, t = =
V1 V

20 (B)
Let velocity of bus is V. Then separation between two nearest buses is VT
A bus moving in same direction travels the distance VT in 18mins to meet the cyclist.
Srel 18 VT
So t = ⇒ hrs = . . . . . . (1) {V rel = V − 20}
V rel 60 V − 20

A bus moving in opposite direction travels the distance VT in 6mins to meet the cyclist.
Srel 6 VT
So t = ⇒ = . . . . . . (2) {V rel = V + 20}
V rel 60 V + 20

From (1) and (2) we get

V + 20
3 =
V − 20

⇒ V = 40km/hr

21 (B)
→ →
v = u + at →

→ ^ ^ ^ ^
v = (3 i + 4 j ) + 10(0.4 i + 0.3 j )

→ ^ ^
v = 7i + 7j

→
| v| = 7√2

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22 (A)
Position of car P x p (t) = at + bt
2

d[x p (t)]
Thus velocity of car P vp = = a + 2bt
dt

Position of car Q x Q (t) = f t − t

2

d[x Q (t)]
Thus velocity of car Q vQ = = f − 2t
dt
∣ ∣
According to the question, vp ∣ = vQ ∣
∣ ∣
t=to t=to

f − a
∴ a + 2bto = f − 2to ⟹ to =
2(b + 1)

23 (D)
→
Vrel = VA − VB
→ →

2 2 2
|VAB | = √v + v − 2v cos θ

θ
= 2v sin
2

2π
2π
∫ v rel dθ 1
0 θ
(v rel )average = = ∫ 2v sin dθ
2π
2π 0
2
∫ dθ
0

2v θ 2π
= | − cos( )|
0
π 2

4v
=
π

24 (B)
Distance covered = total distance travelled
= 12 + 5+ shortest distance = 2
17 + √ 12 + 5
2

= 17 + 13 = 30 steps

Distance travelled = 30 × 0.3 m = 9 m

25 (B)
If the train was moving with uniform velocity, then the coil would have fallen at the same place from where it was tossed up.

Stay Ahead
When the train is accelerating it changes its speed (increases),on the other hand the coin still moves with the same speed as before .So when the coin is tossed, by the time the coin reaches back, the
train would have moved ahead and so the coin will fall behind the spot from where it was tossed.
26 (A)
Let x(t) be the distance covered and v(t) be the speed at any time t.
x(t) = kt , where k is some positive constant as distance covered is always positive.
2

dx
v(t) =
dt
v(t) = 2kt

Now, t > 0. Hence, v(t) is always positive.

Hence, the assertion is correct.
The reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
27 (D)
By Newton's second law,
F = ma

F dv dv dx dv
a = = = = v.
m dt dx dt dx

Thus,
F dx
= v. dv
m
Integrating we get
2
Fx v
= + c
m 2
we get c = 0 by substituting v = 0 at x = 0 .
2
Fx v
=
m 2
so,
1
v α 
√m

28 (A)
An important catch here is that the graph given is acceleration vs displacement and not acceleration vs time. Since there is no role of time here, we should have an expression for velocity v in terms of
displacement s and acceleration a.
dv dv ds dv
a = = = v
dt ds dt ds
⟹ vdv = ads
12
Integrating R.H.S we have ∫ ads 0

Since a is different in different parts of the graph, we divide the integral into four parts
1. s = 0 to s = 2 where a = s
2. s = 2 to s = 8 where a = 2
3. s = 8 to s = 10 where a = 2 + (s − 8) = s − 6
12 − s
4. s = 10 to s = 12 where a = 4 = 24 − 2s
12 − 10

⟹ R.H.S
12 2 8 10 12
= ∫ ads = ∫ ads + ∫ ads + ∫ ads + ∫ ads
0 0 2 8 10

2 8 10 12
= ∫ sds + ∫ 2ds + ∫ (s − 6)ds + ∫ (24 − 2s)ds
0 2 8 10

2 2 8 2 10 12
s ∣ ∣ s ∣ 2 ∣
= ∣ + 2s∣ + ( − 6s)∣ + (24s − s )∣ = 24
2 ∣0 ∣
2 2 ∣
8
∣
10

2
2 v final v
v final v ∣ final
Integrating L.H.S, we have ∫ 0
vdv = ∣ =
2 ∣0 2

Equating L.H.S and R.H.S we have v

2
= 48
final

Hence , v = 4√3 m/s

29 (A)
A body is said to be possessing non-uniform acceleration when unequal changes in velocity take place in equal intervals of time.
A body is said to be in non- uniform motion if travels with different speed in same interval of time.

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30 (B)
2h
We have a standard expression for time of descent when a body is released from rest. t = √ .......... (i)
g

Let AB = h ⟹ AC = 2h and AD = 3h

2h
Time for descent up to B from A: t AB = √
g

4h 2h
Time for descent up to C from A: t AC
= √ = √ × √2
g g

6h 2h
Time for descent up to D from A: t AD = √ = √ × √3
g g

2h
Time taken along BC: t BC
= tAC − tAB = √ × (√2 − 1)
g

2h
Time taken along CD: t CD = tAD − tAC = √ × (√3 − √2)
g

Hence the ratio t AB : tBC : tC D = 1 : √2 − 1 : √3 − √2

Note: Equation (i) can be derived from the laws of motion with uniform acceleration
1
Consider s = ut + at
2
.
2
1
When a body is released from rest from a height h and acceleration due to gravity is g, we have s = h; a = g; t being the time of flight which gives h = gt
2

31 (B)
has the largest ionic size.
2−
O

All species are isoelectroninc.

O
2−
has least nuclear charge ( due to lowest atomic number) and hence has the largest ionic size as few positive charges are attracting more negative charges.
32 (A)
Anions are bigger than cation and as charge increases size decreases. Hence order is C a 2+
< K
+
< S
2−
.
33 (D)
The elements having more masses were placed before elements having lower masses were cobalt, vanadium, tellurium. Its corresponding elements were nickel, chromium and iodine.
34 (C)
Representative elements are the elements which lie in the group 1 and 2 on the far left and the last six columns or groups on the far right corner of the periodic table.
Sequence C option contains only representative elements.
35 (A)
According to Gallis if electronegativity of A in a hydroxide (AOH) is more than 1.7 then it will be acidic in nature whereas it will be basic in nature if electronegativity is less than 1.7..
Hence, M − OH will be acidic in nature and M − OH will b basic in nature.
1 2

Stay Ahead
36 (C)
Periodic classification of elements is the method by which elements are grouped on the basis of their characteristics.Classification of elements in groups provide us a fixed pattern in which the elements
change their properties periodically. Periodic table made the study of physical and chemical properties of elements simple and organized.
37 (D)
Electronic configuration of Gd(64): 4f 7
5d
1

1
So it have eight unpaired electron with + spin
2
1
So, sum of spin = 8 × = 4
2

38 (A)
N a has lowest electronegativity.

In a period, on moving from left to right, electronegativity increases.

N a, M g, Al and Si belongs to third period.

In a group, on moving from top to bottom, electronegativity decreases.

39 (D)
Element Atomic Ion No. of electrons
No.
Na 11 Na 10
+

Mg 12 Mg 10
2+

Al 13 Al+3 10
Cl 17 C l− 18
Ca 20 Ca
+2
18
Sc 21 Sc
+3
18
F 9 F
−
10
K 19 K
+
18
Thus K
+
, C l− , C a and Sc have 18 electrons each. Iso electronic species are elements having same atomic number. Thus these elements represent Iso electronic species
+2 +3

40 (C)
When a neutral atom gains one (or) more electrons a negative ion called anion is formed.
The radius of anion is more than that of its atom,due to decrease in effective nuclear charge.
−
Cl > Cl

41 (A)
The electron affinity of sulphur is greater then that of oxygen.
42 (D)
The elements which were unknown when Mendeleev gave his classification were geranium, gallium and scandium. He left gaps for the unknown elements and predicted correctly the properties of some
of the unknown elements.
43 (B)
Considering the elements F ,  C l,  O and N, the correct order of their chemical reactivity in terms of oxidizing property is F > O > Cl > N .
N ,  O and F are present in the same period. On moving from left to right in a period, the oxidizing power generally increases.

F and Cl are present in the same group.

On moving from top to bottom in a group, the oxidizing power generally decreases.
44 (C)
The word "chalcogen" is literally taken from greek words being "copper-former," the meaning is more in line with "copper-ore former" or more generally, "ore-former." Oxygen family elements are
called chalcogens.
45 (B)
As E is not very high, element Z cannot belong to group-15 or group-17. Also second I.E. is also not very high, but third I.E. is very high. Therefore, element belongs to group 2.
1

6/16
46 (A)

The IUPAC name of the given compound is 6,6-dibromoheptan-2-ol.

The number is shown below in the structure. Here −OH is the main functional group, while −Br is the secondary group and is named as prefix.
47 (C)

IUPAC name is 2-methyl- 6-oxohex- 3-enamide (Priority: Amide > Aldehyde).

48 (D)
In the priority order in IUPAC system of the naming of organic compounds,−C ON H functional group has more preference than others.
2

49 (D)
Two hydroxy groups are used as suffix on priority basis of functional groups and vinyl alkene is the ethene group attached to carbon at carbon atom 3.
50 (A)
Carboxylic acids always get the priority of getting position 1 as two acid groups are present at position 1 and 5. At position no 3 two methyl groups are present on the same carbon atom. So the IUPAC
name is 3, 3-dimethylpentanedioic acid.
51 (B)
Since, −C N has the highest priority among the functional groups present, hence, benzonitrile. No secondary priority is given, hence, numbering is done in alphabetical order for the equidistant locants.
52 (D)
The correct IUPAC name of the following compound is 3-(3-nitro propyl) hexane-1,6-dioic acid. Parent chain contains 6 carbon and 2 carboxylic acid group and the substituent has 3 carbon and one
nitro group at third carbon.
53 (C)
In spiro compounds, numbering starts from the next C atom from the single-fused point to smaller ring ending in the larger ring, following the lowest location of substitute rule.
Functional group is an alkane, therefore suffix = − ane
′ ′

The ring structure requires the prefix spiro.

Stay Ahead
Substituent is methyl at C .
6

The ring structure is C therefore root = Oct

8

The links contain 3 and 4 carbon atoms = [3.4]

Therefore, the name is 6− methyl spiro [3.4] octane.
54 (C)

55 (A)

5-bromo-6-chloro-1-cyclohexen-3-yne

The parent carbon atom is cyclohexane. it contains a double bond and a triple bond.
The substituents are chlorine and bromine.
Numbering is done in such a way that the carbon atoms attached to the double bonds get lowest number. Then the carbon atoms attached to triple bond should get lower numbers.
56 (C)

The IUPAC name bicyclo [1.1.0] butane represent two rings with two carbon atoms common.

Each ring has 1 carbon atom which are not common.

Total 4 carbon atoms are present as indicated by the word butane.
57 (B)

2, 3 − dimethylhexane is compound ii. The parent chain contains 6 C atoms. Hence it is derivative of hexane. The numbering is started from the end which gives

lowest locants to the substituents.

7/16
58 (A)
The correct IUPAC name is 1-(2-Butyl) cyclohexane.
The parent hydrocarbon is cyclohexane. It has sec butyl group as substituent.
59 (C)

The IUPAC name of C H C H = C H − C OOH is 3 - Phenyl prop - 2 - enoic acid.

6 5

The parent compound is propanoic acid. It contains a double bond at second carbon atom.
It also contains a phenyl group at third carbon atom.
Its common name is cinnamic acid.
60 (B)
The IUPAC name of the compound is 2-Methyl-1-phenyl propan-1-amine.
The parent compound is a primary amine with 3 carbon atoms.
It is named as propan-1-amine.
A methyl group is present as a substituent on second carbon atom and a phenyl group is present as a substituent on first carbon atom.
61 (D)
There are only three determinants of second order with negative value

Number of possible determinants with elements 0 and 1 are 2 4 = 16 Therefore the number of determinants with non-negative values is 13.
62 (B)
2 2 2
∣ 2t − 1 m − 1 cos (m ) ∣
∣ ∣
Given,
m 2
Δt = ∣ mC 2 cos (m) ∣
t
∣ ∣
2
∣1 m + 1 cos(m ) ∣

2 2 2
∣ −1 + 1 + 3+. . . . . +2m − 1 m − 1 cos (m ) ∣
m
∣ m
∣
Now, ∑ Δ
2
t = ∣ mC0 + mC1 +. . . . . . mCm 2 cos (m) ∣

Stay Ahead
∣ ∣
t=0 2
∣m + 1 m + 1 cos(m ) ∣

2 2 2 2
∣m − 1 m − 1 cos (m ) ∣
n
∣ m ∣
= ∣2 2
m
cos (m)
2
,
∣ (∵ ∑
n
Cr = 2
n
, )
∣ ∣
2 r=0
∣m + 1 m + 1 cos(m ) ∣

= 0 , ( ∵ two columns of the determinant have same values)

63 (D)
1 −1 1
⎡ ⎤
A = ⎢2 1 −3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
1 1 1

4 2 2
⎡ ⎤
and 10B = ⎢ −5 0 α⎥
⎣ ⎦
1 −2 3

Here, |A| = 4 + 5 + 1 = 10

Also given, A −1
= B

adjA
⇒ = B
10
⇒ adjA = 10B

T
4 −5 −1
⎡ ⎤
Now, adjA = C
T
= ⎢2 0 −2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
2 5 3

4 −5 2
⎡ ⎤
⇒ adjA = ⎢ 2 0 5⎥
⎣ ⎦
2 5 3

4 −5 2 4 2 2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
⇒ ⎢2 0 5 ⎥ = ⎢ −5 0 α⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 5 3 1 −2 3

On comparing ,we get α = 5

8/16
64 (A)
2
∣1 + x x x∣
∣ ∣
Given, ∣ x 1 + x x
2 5 4 3 2
∣ = ax + bx + cx + dx + λx + μ
∣ ∣
2
∣ x x 1 + x∣

Put x = 0

∣1 0 0∣
∣ ∣
0 1 0 = μ
∣ ∣
∣0 0 1∣

⇒ μ = 1

Differentiating both sides,

2 2
∣ 1 1 2x ∣ ∣1 + x x x ∣ ∣1 + x x x ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ 2 ∣ ∣ ∣ 2 4 3 2
∣ x 1 + x x
∣ + ∣ 1 1 2x
∣ + ∣ x 1 + x x ∣ = 5ax + 4bx + 3cx + 2dx + λ
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
2 2
∣ x x 1 + x∣ ∣ x x 1 + x∣ ∣ 2x 1 1 ∣

Put x = 0

∣1 1 0∣ ∣1 0 0∣ ∣1 0 0∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
λ = 0 1 0 + 1 1 0 + 0 1 0
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣0 0 1∣ ∣0 0 1∣ ∣0 1 1∣

= 1 + 1 + 1 = 3

65 (B)
1 1 1
∣ ∣
(a+x) (b+x) (c+x)
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 1 ∣
Δ = ∣ ∣
(a+y) (b+y) (c+y)
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 1 ∣
∣ (a+z) (b+z) (c+z) ∣

Apply C 2 → C2 − C1 ; C3 → C3 − C1
(a−b) (a−c)
∣ 1 ∣
∣ (a+x) (a+x)(b+x) (a+x)(c+x) ∣
∣ (a−b) (a−c) ∣
1
= ∣ ∣
(a+y) (a+y)(b+y) (a+y)(c+y)
∣ ∣
(a−b) (a−c)
∣ 1 ∣
∣ (a+z) (a+z)(b+z) (a+z)(c+z) ∣
1 1 1
∣ ∣
(a+x) (a+x)(b+x) (a+x)(c+x)
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 1 ∣
= ∣ ∣
(a+y) (a+y)(b+y) (a+y)(c+y)
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 1 ∣
∣ (a+z) (a+z)(b+z) (a+z)(c+z) ∣

∣ (b + x)(c + x) c + x b + x∣
(a − b)(a − c) ∣ ∣

Stay Ahead
= ∣ (b + y)(c + y) c + y b + y ∣
Q ∣ ∣
∣ (b + z)(c + z) c + z b + z ∣

apply R 2 → R2 − R1 ; R3 → R3 − R1

∣ (b + x)(c + x) c + x b + x ∣
(a − b)(a − c) ∣ ∣
= ∣ (y − x)(y + x + b + c) (y − x) (y − x) ∣
Q ∣ ∣
∣ (z − x)(z + x + b + c) (z − x) (z − x) ∣

∣ (b + x)(c + x) c + x b + x∣
(a − b)(a − c)(y − x)(z − x)
∣ ∣
= ∣ y + x + b + c 1 1 ∣
Q ∣ ∣
∣ z + x + b + c 1 1 ∣

apply R 3 → R3 − R2

∣ (b + x)(c + x) c + x b + x∣
(a − b)(a − c)(y − x)(z − x)
∣ ∣
= ∣ y + x + b + c 1 1 ∣
Q ∣ ∣
∣ (z − y) 0 0 ∣

(a − b)(a − c)(y − x)(z − x)(z − y) ∣ c + x b + x∣

= ∣ ∣
Q ∣ 1 1 ∣

(a − b)(a − c)(y − x)(z − x)(z − y)(c − b)

=
Q

(a − b)(b − c)(c − a)(x − y)(y − z)(z − x) P

Δ = = (given)
Q Q

Hence P = (a − b)(b − c)(c − a)(x − y)(y − z)(z − x)

66 (C)
∣ λ c −b ∣
∣ ∣
Let D = ∣
−c λ a
∣
∣ b −a λ ∣

determinant of cofactors is
2 2
∣ a + λ ab + cλ ca − bλ ∣

c
∣ 2 2
∣ 2
D = ∣ ab − cλ b + λ bc + aλ ∣ = D
∣ ∣
2 2
∣ ca + bλ bc − aλ c + λ ∣

2 2
∣ a + λ ab + cλ ca − bλ ∣ ∣ λ c −b ∣
3
∣ 2 2 ∣∣ ∣ 2 2 2
∣ ab − cλ b + λ bc + aλ ∣ −c λ a = (1 + a + b + c )
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
2 2
∣ ca + bλ bc − aλ c + λ ∣∣ b −a λ ∣

⇒ D
3
= (1 + a
2
+ b
2
+ c )
2
-------(1)
Now,
∣ λ c −b ∣
∣ ∣
D = −c λ a
∣ ∣
∣ b −a λ ∣
2 2
= λ(λ + a ) − c(−λc − ab) − b(ac − bλ)
2 2 2 2
= λ(λ + a + b + c )

from (1)
3
3 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
(λ(λ + a + b + c )) = (1 + a + b + c )

comparing on both sides gives

λ = 1 and λ = 1
3 2

∴ λ = 1

Hence, option C.

9/16
67 (B)
cos α sin α 0
⎡ ⎤
A(α, β) = ⎢ − sin α cos α 0 ⎥

⎣ β ⎦
0 0 e
β
|A| = e
β β
e cos α e sin α 0
⎡ ⎤

cofactor matrix is ⎢ −e β
sin α e
β
cos α 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
0 0 1
β β
e cos α −e sin α 0
⎡ ⎤
β β
adjA = ⎢ e sin α e cos α 0⎥
⎣ ⎦
0 0 1
β β
e cos α −e sin α 0
⎡ ⎤
1
−1 β β
∴ A(α, β) = ⎢ e sin α e cos α 0 ⎥ = A(−α, −β)
eβ
⎣ ⎦
0 0 1

Hence, option B.

68 (B)
∣ √13 + √3 2√5 √5 ∣
∣ ∣
Let Δ = ∣ √15 + √26 5 √10 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ 3 + √65 √15 5 ∣

∣ √3 2√5 √5 ∣ ∣ √13 2√5 √5 ∣

∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
= ∣ √15 5 √10 ∣ + ∣ √26 5 √10 ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ 3 √15 5 ∣ ∣ √65 √15 5 ∣

Taking common from 1st determinant √3, √5, √5 from C , C , C respectively and 1 2 3

Taking common from 2nd determinant √13, √5, √5 from C , C , C respectively, we get 1 2 3

∣ 1 2 ∣1 ∣ 1 2 1 ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
= √3 × √5 × √5 ∣ √5 √5 √2 ∣ + √13 × √5 × √5 ∣ √2 √5 √2 ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ √3 √3 √5 ∣ ∣ √5 √3 √5 ∣

∣ 1 2 1 ∣
∣ ∣
= √3 × 5 ∣ √5 √5 √2 ∣ + 0 (∵ C1 and C 2
∣ ∣
∣ √3 √3 √5 ∣

are indentical)
∣ 1 2 1 ∣

Stay Ahead
∣ ∣
= 5√3 ∣ √5 √5 √2 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ √3 √3 √5 ∣

Applying C 2 → C2 − C1

∣ 1 1 1 ∣
∣ ∣
∴ Δ = 5√3 ∣ √5 0 √2 ∣
∣ ∣
∣ √3 0 √5 ∣

Expanding along C 2

∣ √5 √2 ∣
∴ Δ = 5√3 ⋅ (01) ∣ ∣
∣ √3 √5 ∣

= −5√3(5 − √6)

10/16
69 (A)
Since, a, b, c are in H.P.
1 1 1
⇒ , , are in A.P.
a b c

Tp = A + (p − 1)d

1
⇒ = A + (p − 1)d ....(i)
a

Tq = A + (q − 1)d

1
⇒ = A + (q − 1)d ....(ii)
b

Tr = A + (r − 1)d

1
⇒ = A + (r − 1)d ...(iii)
c

Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get

1 1
− = (p − q)d
a b
1 1
−
a b
⇒ d =
p − q

Subtracting (iii) from (ii), we get

1 1
− = (q − r)d
b c
1 1
−
b c
⇒ d =
q − r

1 1 1 1
− −
a b b c
⇒ =
p − q q − r

(b − a) (c − b)
⇒ c = a .....(iv)
p − q q − r

∣ bc ca ab ∣

Now, ∣ p q r
∣

Stay Ahead
∣ ∣
∣ 1 1 1 ∣

C1 → C1 − C2 , C2 → C2 − C3

∣ c(b − a) a(c − b) ab ∣
∣ ∣
= p − q q − r r
∣ ∣
∣ 0 0 1 ∣

= c(b − a)(q − r) − a(p − q)(c − b)

= 0 ...... (by (iv))

70 (B)
θ
∣ cos 1 1 ∣
2
∣ ∣
θ θ
△ = ∣ 1 cos − cos ∣
∣ 2 2 ∣
∣ θ ∣
∣ − cos 2
1 −1 ∣

Expanding along R 1, we get

θ θ θ 2
θ 2
θ
= cos (− cos + cos ) − 1 (−1 − cos ) + 1 (1 + cos )
2 2 2 2 2

2
θ 2
θ
= 2 (1 + cos ) = 2 + 2 cos
2 2

As −1 ≤ cos x ≤ 1 ⇒ 0 ≤ cos x ≤ 1 2

∴ Max of △ i.e., m = 4 and min of △ i.e., m 2 1 = 2

71 (A)
Given, g(x) = (c1 − x)(c2 − x)(c3 − x) .
g(a) = (c1 − a)(c2 − a)(c3 − a) ....(i)
g(b) = (c1 − b)(c2 − b)(c3 − b) ....(ii)

∣ x + c1 x + a x + a ∣
∣ ∣
f (x) = x + b x + c2 x + a
∣ ∣
∣ x + b x + b x + c3 ∣

Clearly, f (x) is linear in x.

Let f (x) = αx + β
f (−a) = −aα + β

and f (−b) = −bα + β

bf (−a) − af (−b)
⇒ β = ....(iii)
b − a

∣ c1 − a 0 0 ∣
∣ ∣
Now, f (−a) = ∣
b − a c2 − a 0
∣
∣ b − a b − a c3 − a ∣

⇒ f (−a) = (c1 − a)(c2 − a)(c3 − a)

⇒ f (−a) = g(a) (using (i)) .....(iv)

∣ c1 − b a − b a − b ∣
∣ ∣
f (−b) = 0 c2 − b a − b
∣ ∣
∣ 0 0 c3 − a ∣

⇒ f (−b) = (c1 − b)(c2 − b)(c3 − b)

⇒ f (−b) = g(b) .....(v)

Put this value in (iii), we get

bg(a) − ag(b)
β =
b − a

11/16
72 (C)
−1 1 −4 1
A[ ] = [ ]
3 1 7 7

−1 1 1 3
Adj [ ] = [ ]
3 1 1 −1

−1 1
det [ ] = −1 − 3 = −4
3 1

−1 1 1 3
adj[ ] [ ]
−1 1 3 1 1 −1
inverse [ ] = = .
−1 1 −4
3 1 det[ ]
3 1

−4 1 1 3 −4 −4
[ ][ ] [ ]
7 7 1 −1 −8 −12
Now A= −4
=
−4

1 −1
= [ ]
2 3

73 (B)
∣x + 2 x + 3 x + 5 ∣
∣ ∣
Δ = x + 4 x + 6 x + 9
∣ ∣
∣x + 8 x + 11 x + 15 ∣

C1 → C1 − C2 , C2 → C2 − C3

∣ −1 −2 x + 5 ∣
∣ ∣
= −2 −3 x + 9
∣ ∣
∣ −3 −4 x + 15 ∣

∣1 2 x + 5 ∣
∣ ∣
= 2 3 x + 9
∣ ∣
∣3 4 x + 15 ∣

∣ −1 −1 −4 ∣
∣ ∣
= −1 −1 −6
∣ ∣

Stay Ahead
∣ 3 4 x + 15 ∣

R1 → R1 − R2 , R2 → R2 − R3

∣1 1 4 ∣
∣ ∣
= 1 1 6
∣ ∣
∣3 4 x + 15 ∣

∣1 1 4 ∣
∣ ∣
= 1 1 6
∣ ∣
∣3 4 x + 15 ∣

∣0 0 −2 ∣
∣ ∣
= 1 1 6
∣ ∣
∣3 4 x + 15 ∣

= −2

74 (C)
We simplify the determinant by the operations:
2 2 2
∣ r s s ∣
∣ 2 2 2 ∣
C1 = C1 − C2 ; C2 = C2 − C3 ∣ s r s ∣
∣ ∣
2 2 2
∣ s s r ∣
2 2 2
∣ r − s 0 s ∣
∣ 2 2 2 2 2
∣
= ∣ −(r − s ) r − s s ∣
∣ ∣
2 2 2
∣ 0 −(r − s ) r ∣
2
∣ 1 0 s ∣
2 2
2 ∣ 2 ∣
= (r − s ) ∣ −1 1 s ∣
∣ ∣
2
∣ 0 −1 r ∣
2
2 2 2 2
= (r − s ) (r + 2s )

Now, use r = a + b + c and S

2 2 2 2 2
= ab + bc + ca

We get the value of the determinant as

2
2 2 2 2
(a + b + c − ab − bc − ca) (a + b + c)
2
2 2 2
= [(a + b + c) (a + b + c − ab − bc − ca)]

2
3 3 3
= (a + b + c − 3abc)

So, option C is correct.

12/16
75 (A)
m
∣ 2r − 1 Cr 1 ∣
∣ 2 m ∣
Δr = ∣ m − 1 2 m + 1 ∣
∣ ∣
2 2 2 2
∣ sin (m ) sin (m) sin (m + 1) ∣

m m m
m
∣∑ (2r − 1) ∑ Cr ∑ 1 ∣
r=0 r=0 r=0
∣ ∣
m 2 m
∑ Δr = ∣ (m − 1) 2 m + 1 ∣
r=0
∣ ∣
2 2 2 2
∣ sin (m ) sin (m) sin (m + 1) ∣

m (m + 1)
∣ m ∣
2 − (m + 1) 2 m + 1
∣ 2 ∣
∣ ∣
= 2 m = 0
∣ m − 1 2 m + 1 ∣
∣ ∣
2 2 2 2
∣ sin (m ) sin (m) sin (m + 1) ∣

Hence, option 'A' is correct.

76 (D)
Using the sum property,
sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r = |(sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)r, sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)(2r − 1), sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)(3r − 2)), (sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)n/2, sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)(n − 1), sum

:.

sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r = |(sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)r, sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)2r − sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)1, sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)3r − sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)2), ((n − 1)n/2, (n − 1)(

We know that:
sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)r = (n − 1)/2(2(1) + (n − 1 − 1))

= 1/2n(n − 1) and
sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)1 = (n − 1)

Applying this to sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r ,

sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r = |(1/2n(n − 1), 2(n(n − 1))/2 − (n − 1), 3(n(n − 1))/2 − 2(n − 1)), ((n − 1)n/2, (n − 1)(n − 1), (n − 1)a), ((n − 1)1/2n(n − 1), (n − 1)\^3, (n − 1)1/2(n
2
sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r = |(1/2n(n − 1), (n − 1)\^2, 1/2(n − 1)(3n − 4)), (n/2(n − 1), (n − 1) , a(n − 1)), (1/2n(n − 1)\^2, (n − 1)\^3, 1/2(n − 1)\^2(3n + 4))|

Since (n/2) is common to C _1, (n − 1) is common to C _2, (n − 1) is common to R_2 and (n − 1) is common to R_3 we have:
3
sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r = 1/2n(n − 1) |((n − 1), (n − 1), 1/2(n − 1)(3n − 4)), (1, 1, a), ((n − 1), (n − 1), 1/2(n − 1)(3n + 4))|

Since C _1 and C _2 are identical,

sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r = 0 (Because if two rows or two columns in a determinant are identical, the determinant is equal to zero.)
Hence, sum_(r = 1)\^(n − 1)Delta_r is independent of both a and n.

77 (D)
3 4 −2 −2
A = [ ],B = [ ]
2 4 0 −1

1 2

Stay Ahead
A + B = [ ]
2 3

|A + B| = 3 − 4 = −1 ≠ 0

Hence, inverse of (A + B) exists.

T
3 −2
Now, adj(A + B) = C
T
= [ ]
−2 1

3 −2
⇒ adj(A + B) = [ ]
−2 1

−1
−3 2
⇒ (A + B) = [ ]
2 −1

Not a symmetric matrix.

Now, we will find A , B −1 −1

Here, |A| = 4, |B| = 2

T

T
4 −2
adjA = C = [ ]
−4 3

4 −4
⇒ adjA = [ ]
−2 3

−1
1 −1
⇒ A = [ ]
−1/2 3/4

T
−1 0
adjB = C = [ ]
2 −2

−1 2
⇒ adjB = [ ]
0 −2

−1/2 1
−1
⇒ B = [ ]
0 −1

1 −1 −1/2 1 1/2 0
Hence, A −1
+ B
−1
= [ ] + [ ] = [ ]
−1/2 3/4 0 −1 −1/2 −1/4

Therefore, (A + B) ≠ A −1 −1
+ B
−1

Hence, option 'D' is correct.

78 (C)
n−1
As |adjA| = |A| , where n is the order of the determinant.
2

So, |adj(adjA 2 2 (3−1) 2 4 8

)| = |A | = |A | = |A|

79 (B)
−1 ′
B = A A
−1 ′ ′
B = A A ⇒ AB = A
′ ′ ′ ′ −1 ′ ′
ABB = A B = (BA) = (A A A) = A
′
⇒ BB = I

13/16
80 (A)
2
A = 5A − 7I
−1 −1 −1
AAA = 5AA − 7I A
−1
AI = 5I − 7A
−1
AI = 5I − 7A

1
−1
A = (5I − A)
7
3 2 2
A − 2A − 3A + I = A(5A − 7I ) − 2A − 3A + I
2 2
= 5A − 7A − 2A − 3A + I
2
= 3A − 10A + I

= 3(5A − 7I ) − 10A + I

= 5A − 20I

= 5(A − 4I )

81 (C)
Given set off equation may be written as,
(2 − λ)x 1 − 2x 2 + x 3 = 0

2x 1 − (3 + λ)x 2 + 2x 3 = 0

−x 1 + 2x 2 − λx 3 = 0

Now for non-trivial solution determinant of coefficient matrix should be zero.

∣2 − λ −2 1 ∣
∣ ∣
⇒ 2 −3 − λ 2 = 0
∣ ∣
∣ −1 2 −λ ∣

Expanding along first collumn,

2
(2 − λ)(λ + 3λ − 4) − 2(2λ − 2) − 1(−4 + 3 + λ) = 0
2
⇒ (λ − 1) (λ + 3) = 0 ⇒ λ = 1, −3

Thus set of λ will contain two element −3 and 1 for non-trivial solution.
82 (B)
∣ −2a a + b a + c∣
∣ ∣
Let Δ = ∣
b + a −2a b + c
∣
=

∣c + a c + b −c ∣

Putting a + b = 0

⇒ b = −a

then

∣ −2a 0 a + c∣
∣ ∣
Δ = 0 2a c − a = Expanding along R 1
∣ ∣
∣c + a c − a −2c ∣

Stay Ahead
2
= −2a{−4ac − (c − a) } − 0 + (a + c){0 − 2a(c + a)}
2 2
= 2a(c + a) − 2a(c + a)

= 0

Hence a + b is a factor of Δ similarly b + c and c + a are the factors of Δ.

On

expansion of determinant we can see that each term of the determinant

is a homogeneous expression in a, b, c of degree 3 and also R.H.S. is a

homogeneous expression of degree 3.

Let Δ = k(a + b)(b + c)(c + a)
∣ −2a a + b a + c∣
∣ ∣
or ∣
b + a −2a b + c
∣
= k(a + b)(b + c)(c + a)

∣c + a c + b −c ∣

Putting a = 0, b = 1, c = 2 , we get
∣0 1 2 ∣
∣ ∣
1 −2 3 = k(0 + 1)(1 + 2)(2 + 0)
∣ ∣
∣2 3 −4 ∣

⇒ 0 − 1(−4 − 6) + 2(3 + 4) = 6k

⇒ 24 = 6k

∴ k = 4

∣ −2a a + b a + c∣
∣ ∣
Hence b + a −2a b + c = 4(a + b)(b + c)(c + a)
∣ ∣
∣c + a c + b −c ∣

83 (D)
Here matrix A is expressed as the sum of symmetric and skew-symmetric matrix. Then
1 1
B = (A + A
T
) and C = (A − A
T
)
2 2
Now

0 1 −1 0 4 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
T
A = ⎢4 −3 4 ⎥ ⇒ A = ⎢ 1 −3 −3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
3 −3 4 −1 4 4

0 1 −1 0 4 3 0 5 2
⎛⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎞
1 1 ⎡ ⎤
⇒ B = ⎜⎢ 4 −3 4 ⎥ + ⎢ 1 −3 −3 ⎥⎟ = ⎢5 −6 1⎥
2 2
⎝⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎠ ⎣ ⎦
3 −3 4 −1 4 4 2 1 8

and

0 1 −1 0 4 3 0 −3 −4
⎛⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎞
1 1 ⎡ ⎤
C = ⎜⎢ 4 −3 4 ⎥ − ⎢ 1 −3 −3 ⎥⎟ = ⎢3 0 7 ⎥
2 2
⎝⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎠ ⎣ ⎦
3 −3 4 −1 4 4 4 −7 0

0 4 3
⎡ ⎤
∴ B− C = ⎢ 1 −3 −3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−1 4 4

84 (A)
Given order of A = 3 × 4
and A B and BA are both define.
T T

So, By proper of transpose (8),

order of AT = 4 × 3
Let order of B = a × b
So, oredre of A B = 4 × 3 : a × b T
= 4 × b

⇒ a = 3

and order of BA T
= a × b : 4 × 3 = a × 3

⇒ b = 4

So, order of B = 3 × 4

14/16
85 (C)
Since A is skew symmetric hence
T T 2m
A = −A ⇒ ∣
∣A
∣ = |−A| = (−1)
∣ |A| = |A|

⇒ |A| = |A|

Then (det( A)) is non zero perfect square

86 (A)
AB = BA (GIven)
Consider (A − K I )(B − K I )
where, K is any real number
2
(A − K I )(B − K I ) = AB − K (A + B) + K

Interchanging A and B, we get

2
(B − K I )(A − K I ) = BA − K (B + A) + K

Since A, B commute with each other

2
∴ (B − K I )(A − K I ) = BA − K (B + A) + K

2
= AB − K (A + B) + K = (A − K I )(B − K I )

Hence, option A is true and option C is false.

We cannot say anything about equality of A − K I and B − K I , since it is not given that A and B are equal or not.
Hence, option B is false.

Consider (A + K I )(B − K I )
2
(A + K I )(B − K I ) = AB − K (A − B) − K

Since A, B commute with each other,

2 2
∴ (B − K I )(A + K I ) = BA − K (B + A) + K = AB + K (A − B) + K ≠ (A + K I )(B − K I )

It is proved that, A + K I , B − K I do not commute with each other.

Hence, option D is false.
87 (A)
0 − tan α/2
Given, A = [ ]
tan α/2 0

1 tan α/2
I − A = [ ]
− tan α/2 1

1 − tan α/2
Also, I + A = [ ]
tan α/2 1

Stay Ahead
cos α − sin α
Now, consider (I − A) [ ]
sin α cos α

2
1 − tan (α/2) 2 tan (α/2)
⎡ ⎤
−
2 2
1 tanα/2 ⎢ 1 + tan (α/2) 1 + tan (α/2) ⎥
⎢ ⎥
= [ ]⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2
−tanα/2 1
⎢
2 tan (α/2) 1 − tan (α/2) ⎥⎥

⎣ 2 2 ⎦
1 + tan (α/2) 1 + tan (α/2)

Let tan (α/2) = t

2
1 − t 2t
⎡ ⎤
−
2 2
1 t
⎢ 1 + t 1 + t ⎥
= [ ]⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 ⎥
−t 1 ⎢ 2t 1 − t ⎥

⎣ 2 2 ⎦
1 + t 1 + t

1 −t
= [ ]
t 1

1 −tanα/2
= [ ]
tanα/2 1

= I + A

88 (A)
2 1 −3 2 1 0
[ ] A[ ] = [ ]
7 4 5 −3 0 1

2 1 −3 2 1 0
P = [ ],Q = [ ],R = [ ]
7 4 5 −3 0 1
−1 −1
P AQ = R ⇒ A = P RQ
−1 −1 −1
⇒ A = P Q = (QP )

8 5
QP = [ ]
−11 −7

7 5
−1
∴ A = (QP ) = [ ]
−11 −8

Hence, option A.

89 (C)
Given M and N are skew-symmetric matrices
T T
⇒ M = −M , N = −N

Also, (M N ) 2
= (M N )(M N ) = M (N M )N = M (M N )N = M
2
N
2
...... [∵ MN = N M]

Now,
2 2 T −1 −1 T
M N (M N) (M N )

2 −1 −1 T
= −(M N ) (M N ) (M N )
−1 T
= −M N (M N )
−1 T T
= −M N (N ) M
−1
= −M N (−N ) (−M )
−1
= −M N N M
2
= −M

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90 (B)
Here A is non singular but B is singular hence only A −1
exists
Now XA = B
or X = BA −1
(1)
And AY = B
or Y = A B −1
(2)
1 −1 1
Also A −1
= [ ]
3 −4 1

1 1 −1 −1 1 1 0
−1
⇒ X = BA = [ ][ ] = [ ]
3
2 −2 −4 1 2 0

1 −1 1 1 −1 1 1 −1
−1
⇒ Y = A B = [ ][ ] = [ ]
3 3
−4 1 2 −2 −2 2

3 0 1 −1 4 −1
⇒ 3(X + Y ) = [ ] + [ ] = [ ]
6 0 −2 2 4 2

Stay Ahead

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