Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Project Chapter 1
Project Chapter 1
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plan an equal role in economic decision making. The 1994 world survey
The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world is popular saying
the past, when mainly depended on their spouse·s income, they used to
Indian savings market has been expanding over the period and
profile of women investors is changing in tune with time. But they lag
are slowly participating in the risky investment portfolios and they are
in north india than in south. Women in the north have relatively little
south India have closer notal ties, greater decision making authority
practically saves for the family. Women by nature are gold loving. They
highly liquid financial investment. The total amount of gold that, has
been with Indian family is much higher than the amount of gold reserve
human being saves for the future but also insects like ant, honey, bee,
termite also save for the future. The story of ant and the bird taught in
developed countries like USA, Canada and Great Britain. Indian capital
are not adequate and there is little scope for individual investor to
investment.
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savings originate from three distinct sectors of the economy. They are
the household sector, the private corporate sector and the public sector.
and its market shares in the market and the company·s earning
children, for children further studies, for family protection, for their
children and a saver for hard days for her family. Thus evaluation
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to find out the marginal propensity to save and the saving behavior of
the urban people. They found that the marginal propersity to save in
percent of the people save for the purpose of educating their children
Reserve Bank of India in March 1960 that covered the period 1950 to
review of existing literature in the first few and the study analyzes
found with regard to physical assetsµ. They also state, ´Growth of per
capital real income has a positive impact on the household saving rate.
sector.
Morais (1985) had published in article title, ´Double indemnityµ
that vary all over lot. Some term policies were great bargins, but they
buyers, hoping they will stay as they climb up the age scale into
expensive territory.
sector.µ
concludes that the proper selection of the timing of investment and the
proper companies will help the investors to get the best returns.
S.K.Ray had analysed that the various types of risks under the
that would place him on the highest return, choosing from the set of
returns. Only in the late seventies and eighties the number of investors
in the year 1985 there was a virtual boom in the stock market which
higher rate of return in the stock market that they started selling their
The study indicated that there was a decline in the stock market
in the year 1993 due to the exposure of a stock scam, followed by the
Ayodhya incidence and the bomb blasts in Bombay and Calcutta. Small
investors lost their earned savings. the study concluded that investors
were not able to decide whether, to have the equity purchased in the
boom period or sell them to avoid erosion in its value. Thus the days of
Indicates that, for the majority of the couples surveyed, both spouses
participate in financial decision making. Results support the
development.
Yadav and Mishra (1996) in their article states that, ´the role of
sector·s savings in securities and debentures and units of UTI have been
Account dataµ. This paper revises pre-world war II current account data
monetary gold exports, which are capital account credits, and non-
monetary gold experts, which are current account credits. The paper
and investment over the period from 1850 to 1945. Our methodology for
removing monetary gold flows from the current account leads naturally
that are somewhat lower and less significant than those Eichengreen
education seniority and salary in the public sector. Datas are from a
their earning losses, partly because some of them withdrew from the
labor force after separation. Earnings and the welfare losses also vary
roughly half the employees and involuntary for the rest. Overall, the
involved only salary and seniority and was applied across ² the ² board.
package was, on average, about 20 per cent higher than the welfare
loss. The article derives the implications of these findings for the design
characteristics.
Kulkarni and Talele (1999) had put forth the importance of
corporate sectors are three pillars of Indian economy of these three the
last two are generally in deficit, the household sector is a surplus sector
which finances the deficit of the other two sectors. The extent to which
the household sector can perform the job of financing is given by the
among the respondents across the cities with respect to age, family size,
per cent of GDP. Savings rates in all economics (except Hongkong) were
GDP.
establish their own investment advisory firms. Get reactions from some
activities and decide whether you will offer investment advice on your
plan to help identify where you are going and how you will get there. It
should cove your target market, the specific services you want to
sustain the FIIS investment on the three premises only. GDP growth at
banks, and foreign investors perform poorly. We also find that foreign
use positive feedback trading in their market timing but earn low
same market.
about documents offered to them and the risk factors before investing in
mutual funds schemes. He also suggested that since the mutual fund is
all the changes in the regulations that are getting updated by the SEBI.
interest rates and the credit risk in a bond portfolio. The study showed
that keeping a mix a bank loan, bonds and credit derivatives would
ensure diversification.
attractive risk and returns then they must accept some element of
and investing: finding the Extra money to saveµ. It explains that women
retirement savings. But women must give priority to savings for the
future. They should create a plan of attack with defined goals and the
spending habit and change your mine set into saving. Find creative
ways to save additional money that you can invest for retirement.
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preferred by women Bank employees. The study also analyse the reason
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investors.
investment.
decision at home.
investment.
investment.
ùc There is no relationship between education and satisfaction of
investment.
of investment pattern.
in real estate.
in Gold.
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1.7.1 Investment:
undertaken, the returns will commensurate with the risk the investor
assumes.
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The word real estate means land & building. Real estate is a
Mutual funds are trusts which mobilize savings from the people
The Capital of the company divided into different units are called
shares.
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4c The primary data was collected from the women bank employees.
pre-test, final draft was prepared and the data were collected.
has no control over the variables, she can only report what has
happened and what is happening. The researcher has to use the facts or
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proper format and represented by using pie chart, bar chart, histogram.
the 100 samples. She has also used statistical package of social sciences
the data procured from the respondents from different areas selected for
the study.
4c Factor analysis
4c Yule·s Co-efficient
4c Garrett·s ranking
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individual respondent
Percentage = x100
Total number of respondents
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Under the one way ANONA we consider only one factor and then
observe that the reason for said factor to be important is that several
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within
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Total (xji-x1)2 (n - 1)
i = 1,2«
j = 1,2..
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(O ² E)2
x2 =
E
O - observed frequency
E - Expected Frequency
V = (C-1) (r-1)
As the calculated value is less than the table value then accept the
hypothesis.
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(O-E -0.5)2
x2 =
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and it the calculated value is less than table value, accept the
hypothesis.
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The following formula was used to find out the Garrett·s ranking:
Where, Rji-Rank given for the ith variables by the jth respondent.
estimated was converted into scores. Thus for each factor, the sores of
various respondent were added and the mean score was estimated. The
descending order. The attribute with the highest mean score was
considered as the most important are and the factors followed in order.
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corresponding class.
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point rating scale for each feature. Each scale was given a score
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Madurai.
ùc The study reflects the opinion of the respondents only for the
particular year.
ùc The study was restricted only to female bank employees in
Madurai city.
the study.
alternatives.
ùc The third chapter explains the profile and the factors which
1.c ´World economic survey on the ´1" c 14c 712 &c -&c
4.c Mishra, B. ´&5 #$2 &$c !$$ )&c -&c &'-!ACc Arthavigyan,
!&'c &5 #$2 &$c -&c &'-!A. Nargin, Vol 12(1), Act.1979, PP.22-
39.
8.c Narayana, D.L. 1979, &,12 c#!5-&.#c!&'c-&5 #$2 &$c14c$( c
10. Morais (1985) 1%6" c&' 2&-$3A Vol 136 Issue 13, p
280- 280)
P.117.
c($$9DD##)&,12D!#$)!,$cEc
20.cBalsara Anita H. and pestonjee DM 2000. &5 #$2 &$c 9!$$ )&c
PP.123 ² 1133.
22.cReier, Sharon 2001, Starting an Investment Advisory Practiceµ
23.cDevan choksey, !"!"c #$) $c &5 #$2 &$c 1%)&!"Cc Dec 12003,
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the profile of the respondent and the various details regarding the
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cccccccccccThe following statistical tools were applied for the analysis of the
Analysis,Anova,Chi-square test.
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1 Below 35 36 36
2 35-45 26 26
3 45-55 27 27
4 Above 55 11 11
fall in the age group of 45-55 years and 26 percent fall in the above
below 35 years.
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1 Private sector 33 33
2 Government 67 67
Services
cccc Table 3.2 reveals that 67 per cent of the respondents are in
sectors.
Government service.
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1 High School 9 9
2 Diploma 12 12
3 Graduate 47 47
4 Post Graduate 32 32
and least 9 per cent fall under the category of High School.
It is clearly shown from the above table (3.3) that the majority of
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respondents.
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1 Below Rs.75,000 17 17
2 Rs.75,000-1,50,000 25 25
3 Rs.1,50,000-2,25,000 35 35
4 Above Rs.2,25,000 23 23
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Details regarding the income of the respondents are given in table
3.4. The table shows that the income of the respondents have income
It is seen from the table 3.4 that majority of the respondent are
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1 Below Rs.75000 10 10
2 Rs.75,000-150000 19 19
3 Rs.150000-225000 22 22
4 Above Rs.225000 49 49
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Table 3.5 shows that the 49per cent of the investors are earning
income from Above Rs.225000, 22per cent of the investors are earning
income between Rs.75000 ² 150000 and 10per cent of the investors are
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1 One - -
2 Two 3 3
3 Three 21 21
4 Above 3 76 76
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c Table 3.6 indicates that 76 per cent of the respondents have above
3, 21 per cent of the respondents have three, and least 3 per cent of the
to above 3.
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c c Table 3.7 that the type of return expect from the investment
of the respondents.
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1 Periodical 42 42
Return
2 Return of 58 58
Maturity
It is clear from the above table 3.7 that 58 per cent of the
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significant at 0.0000) also provided support for the validity of the factor
analysis of the data set. The Eigen valuves of the resulting 22 factors
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According eight factors emerged out of this analysis and they account
variance accounted for each factor in the total variance is given in table
3.9.
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the varimax rotation method are the best to use in the absence of a
The factor loadings indicate that the extent to which each scale is
factor matrix.
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No. as Per 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
questionnaire
22 .804
21 .803
20 .758
14 .758
15 .725
16 .643
4 .821
5 .691
1 .563
11 .862
10 .841
12 .515
13 .714
19 .701
8 .832
9 .658
17 .584.
2 .839
7 .664
6 .760
18 .673
3 .561
(3.11)
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interpretative labels are suggested for each of the factor. The first factor
Choiceµ.
The second factor contains scales related to the initial investment
¶Investment Pattern·.
loan procedure·.
After naming the factors, the factor which explains the maximum
percentage is identified. The analysis reveals that 21.638 per cent of the
(Investment Pattern).
and Safety)
(Convenience)
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1 Joint Family 31 31
2 Nuclear Family 69 69
From the above table (3.11) it clearly shows that the 69 per cent of
the respondents have nuclear family and 31 per cent of the respondents
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1 Regular 42 42
Investor
2 Occasional 58 58
Investor
Table (3.12) depicts that out of the 100 respondents, 58 per cent of
occasional investors.
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To find out whether there is any relationship between the nature
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type of investor.
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Private Sector 16 17 33
Government 26 41 67
Services
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