Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER I. The Problem and Its Background: History Research Library of Intramuros
CHAPTER I. The Problem and Its Background: History Research Library of Intramuros
The Philippines has a rich history beginning from its earliest days as one of the busiest
trading posts in South East Asia and later, in the trans-Pacific galleon trade. A period of
Spanish colonization spanning three centuries then made an indelible impression on the
country. This mercurial era, along with the American occupation, played a vital role in
shaping the Philippines and its people. A vivid past has left its mark all over the archipelago
in many different forms that present-day visitors to the country are now discovering.
The Philippines is rich in heritage can be experienced, not only in textbooks and
museums, but also in beautifully preserved historical sites across the country. A simple
textbook description of a historical event comes to life upon a visit to the place where it
unfolded.
What is worth saving? What can we, or should we, forget? What memories can we
enjoy, regret, or learn from? Who owns "The Past" and who is entitled to speak for past
generations? Active public discussion about material and intangible heritage--of individuals,
groups, communities, and nations--is a valuable facet of public life in our multicultural world.
Heritage is an essential part of the present we live in--and of the future we will build.
Heritage is the full range of our inherited traditions, monuments, objects, and culture.
Most important, it is the range of contemporary activities, meanings, and behaviors that we
draw from them.
Heritage includes, but is much more than preserving, excavating, displaying, or restoring
a collection of old things. It is both tangible and intangible, in the sense that ideas and
memories--of songs, recipes, language, dances, and many other elements of who we are
and how we identify ourselves--are as important as historical buildings and archaeological
sites.
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Adaptive reuse is one of the solutions to preserve our heritage building in the country.
Adaptive reuse is a process that changes a disused or ineffective item into a new item that
can be used for a different purpose. Sometimes, nothing changes but the item’s use.
The adaptive reuse of a historic building should have minimal impact on the heritage
significance of the building and its setting. Developers should gain an understanding of why
the building has heritage status, and then pursue development that is sympathetic to the
building to give it a new purpose. Adaptive reuse is self-defeating if it fails to protect the
building’s heritage values.
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was the Session Hall of the Cabildo or the City Council of Manila. After over 200 years, the
City Hall transferred to another site. And this was later used as the Office of the Spanish
and American Governors General, the Chief Executive of the Philippine archipelago. When
our Congress became bicameral, the new Senate held its Session at this Hall, while the
Lower House remained at the Marble Hall. When a separate Legislative Building was
constructed near the new City Hall of Manila, both houses transferred to the new site and
this Hall became the Session Hall of the First Supreme Court.
Now housing the Bureau of the Treasury, the Ayuntamiento also served as a home for
the Department of Interior (DILG), the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on
Higher Education (CHED), Department of Environment (DENR), Department of Agriculture
(DA), Department of Finance (DOF), Department of Justice (DOJ), Department of Health
(DOH), which was initially called as Bureau of Vaccination, Presidential Management Staff,
Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC), Civil Service Commission
(CSC), Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) or the Guardia Civil Veterana, and many
other offices which have already metamorphosed into big government departments, with
their respective line agencies.
Adaptive reuse has been successfully applied to many types of facilities, including
government buildings and industrial buildings, and the adaptive reuse of historic buildings is
seen as fundamental to sound government policy and sustainable development in countries
such as Luneta Hotel (T.M. Kalaw Ave., Ermita, Manila, circa 1918), Casa Vellejo (Session
Road, Baguio, circa 1909), National Museum (Ermita, Manila, circa 1926), Museo Ilocos
Norte (Laoag, circa 1800s).
Now, the greatest challenge of our society today is the continuous progress. Technology
seems to be overpowered human’s existence. The pace of time is unnoticeable, leaving
behind greatest memories that even though forgotten and ruined, remains strong just to
create our present.
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Architecture plays an important role in securing a better tomorrow for the next generation
by reviving the past and adopt it to the present to connect it to the future.
Some of us, we do not notice and take a look in the heritage buildings as we pass by.
The society nowadays is full of modern buildings, our old historical sites and buildings
ruin by the government to build new buildings, people do not know the importance of the
history and heritage structures.
Development
balance between being a popular cultural site and open to visitors
Aging Modernism
most of the world, development means sudden spires of glass and steel
Tourism
building has been almost completely overshadowed by development
War
building was destroyed by numerous wars in early years, materials are
damaged
To identify and study the design factors needed in the existing structure to maximize
the opportunity of adaptation of use of the building.
To determine what is needed and appropriate project for the heritage structure will
use.
To know the value and history of heritage structure and how to protect and preserve
them through adaptive reuse.
This study aims to contribute and to serve the following individual and organization:
For us, researchers – this study will serve as our project requirement in the completion of
our course and will challenge us to design and plan in adaptive reuse way.
For students and Architecture Professors – this can be their guide, especially the
Architecture students, in designing and planning an adaptive reuse of heritage structure.
For the community – This study will serve as their guide and ideas about preserving the
heritage structure in our community for the future by adaptation.
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For the future researchers – This can be useful research instrument as references in
relevant study in Architecture field.
This research will focus on the study of the heritage structure will be chosen and will
centralized the Architectural designing and planning solution with the help of studying the
historical background of the building, researching a case studies and reviewing of related
literature as guide references to the study and to expand our knowledge about the project.
However, the data gathered are limited because of limited support received from building
owners and commercial property markets, some of the data was taken from the informative
websites.
Archaeological Sites – is a place (or group of physical sites) in which evidence of past
activity is preserved (either prehistoric or historic or contemporary), and which has been, or
may be, investigated using the discipline of archaeology and represents a part of the
archaeological record.
Conservation – all the processes of looking after a place so asto retain its cultural
significance.
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Section 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "National Cultural Heritage Act
of 2009".
ARTICLE I
POLICIES AND PRINCIPLES
Section 2. Declaration of Principles and Policies. - Sections 14, 15, 16 and 17, Article
XIV of the 1987 Constitution declare that the State shall foster the preservation,
enrichment and dynamic evolution of a Filipino culture based on the principle of unity in
diversity in a climate of free artistic and intellectual expression.
In the pursuit of cultural preservation as a strategy for maintaining Filipino identity, this
Act shall pursue the following objectives:
(a)Protect, preserve, conserve and promote the nation's cultural heritage, its property
and histories, and the ethnicity of local communities;
(c)Protect cultural workers and ensure their professional development and well-being.
ARTICLE II
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 3. Definition of Terms. - For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall be
defined as follows:
"Adaptive reuse" shall refer to the utilization of buildings, other built-structures and sites
of value for purposes other than that for which they were intended originally, in order to
conserve the site, their engineering integrity and authenticity of design.
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"Archives" shall refer to public and private records in any format which have been
selected for permanent preservation because of their evidential, historical informational
value; otherwise known as archival materials collections or archival holdings; the place
(building/room/storage area) where archival materials are kept and preserved.
"Built heritage" shall refer to architectural and engineering structures such as, but not
limited to, bridges, government buildings, houses of ancestry, traditional dwellings,
quartels, train stations, lighthouses, small ports, educational, technological and industrial
complexes.
"Conservation" shall refer to all the processes and measures of maintaining the cultural
significance of a cultural property including, but not limited to, preservation, restoration,
reconstruction, protection, adaptation or any combination thereof.
"History" shall refer to a written record of past events relating to Philippine history.
"Historical landmarks" shall refer to sites or structures that are associated with events or
achievements significant to Philippine history as declared by the National Historical
Institute.
"NCCA Portal Cultural Databank" refers to the specific domain in the Commission's
intranet for cultural information that is accessed only internally with control and
confidentiality. It includes the registry of national cultural property.
"Restoration" shall refer to the action taken or the technical intervention to correct
deterioration and alterations.
ARTICLE III
CULTURAL PROPERTY
Section 4. Categories. - The cultural property of the country shall be categorized as follows:
(a)National cultural treasures;
(b)Important cultural property;
(c)World heritage sites;
(d)National historical shrine;
(e)National historical monument; and
(f)National historical landmark.
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Section 6. World Heritage Sites. - The appropriate cultural agency shall closely collaborate
with the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) National
Commission of the Philippines in ensuring the conservation and management of world heritage
sites, of cultural and mixed sites category, in the Philippines.
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agency, with such position paper. Extensions may be allowed, but in no case shall it exceed
more than thirty (30) days;
(d)The petitioner/stakeholder shall give their answer within fifteen (15) days upon receipt of any
position paper. Thereafter, no further submissions shall be allowed; and
(e)The appropriate cultural agency shall have a maximum of ninety (90) days from the deadline
of the submission of all the answers within which to submit its resolution and render its decision
on the application.
Section 11. Dealings of Cultural Property. - No cultural property shall be sold, resold or taken
out of the country without first securing a clearance from the cultural agency concerned. In case
the property shall be taken out of the country, it shall solely be for the purpose of scientific
scrutiny or exhibit.
ARTICLE IV
HERITAGE ZONES
Section 12. Designation of Heritage Zones. - The National Historical Institute and the
National Museum, in consultation with the Commission and the Housing and Land Use
Regulatory Board or other concerned agencies, shall designate heritage zones to protect the
historical and cultural integrity of a geographical area.
Section 13. Maintenance of Heritage Zones. - A heritage zone shall be maintained by the
local government unit concerned, in accordance with the following guidelines:
ARTICLE V
REGISTRATION AND CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY
.
Section 21. Indigenous Properties. - The appropriate cultural agency, in consultation with the
National Commission on Indigenous Peoples, shall establish a program and promulgate
regulations to assist indigenous people in preserving their particular cultural and historical
properties.
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ARTICLE VIII
ROLE OF CULTURAL AGENCIES
Section 31. Responsibilities of Cultural Agencies for Designation of Cultural Property. -
The cultural agencies, in conformity with their respective charters and mandates, shall define
and delineate their respective areas of responsibility with respect to cultural properly and
assessment of national cultural treasures and national historical landmarks, sites or
monuments. These areas shall be subject to periodic re-assessment whenever necessary.
ARTICLE IX
CULTURAL PROPERTY INCENTIVES PROGRAM
Section 36. National Heritage Resource Assistance Program. - The Commission may
provide financial assistance in the form of a grant to historic, archaeological, architectural,
artistic organizations for conservation or research on cultural property. No grant made pursuant
to this Act shall be treated as taxable income.
A. Clearly defined goals and objectives for the school library media
center shall be established in terms of the philosophy, goals and
objectives of the school.
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B. Where there are two or more professional librarians, one is appointed as the head to
oversee the smooth implementation of services as well as the supervision of personnel.
B. The professional/licensed librarian shall be given a faculty status, enjoying the same
benefits as those of the teaching faculty.
A. Collection Development
1. The school library media center shall acquire print, non-print and electronic materials
as well as equipment that will support and reinforce the curriculum and meet the needs,
abilities and interests of the users.
2. These materials shall be current and in good condition and must reflect an appropriate
balance among all types of resources (see Recommended Annual Growth Rate in the
Appendix A).
3. The school library media center shall maintain a local history collection composed of
materials about the school community, its history, programs, people, etc.
4. The librarian/media specialist, in coordination with the faculty, shall be responsible for
the selection and acquisition of all materials based on a written Collection Development
Plan.
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5. The recommended size of the various collections for an enrollment of less than 1000
students are as follows:
5.1 A basic collection of 3,000 book titles for the elementary level and 5,000 titles for the
secondary level is necessary to support the curricular offerings of the school;
5.2 Twenty percent (20%) of the total collection shall be published within the last ten (10)
years;
5.4 A basic subscription to 3 titles of newspapers on national coverage and 1 title with
local news coverage;
2. Basic policies for the selection of printed and non-printed materials shall be formally
and clearly formulated;
3. All print and non-print materials and equipment shall be properly organized, stored,
and displayed following standard rules and procedures for easy retrieval and
dissemination;
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A. The school library media center shall be open before, during and after classes to
meet the needs of the clientele and maximize the use of library resources, facilities and
services.
C Coordination with the faculty shall be done to promote effective use of the school
library media center.
D. Instruction on the effective use of the library media center and on various information
sources shall be given to the students as well as to the faculty.
E. The school library media center shall be available for use by individual students and
by class groups throughout the school day. Flexible scheduling enables the teacher to
bring his class to the library at the times best suited for the purpose of class supervised
research.
A. The school library media center shall be housed in a barrier-free and flexible facility,
and that can accommodate a seating capacity of 10 % of the total student population.
B. The library shall provide a storage space for the print collection, a reading area, a
workroom and a store room, an office for the head librarian/media center coordinator, as
well as a space for formal library instruction.
C. In schools where the library is also a media center, space shall be provided for
listening and viewing, as well as for the storage, distribution and repair of audiovisual
materials and equipment.
D. The school library media center shall be appropriately equipped with attractive and, at
the same time, functional furniture to make it invite to young users.
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15.3 Demolition of significant fabric of a place is generally not acceptable. However, in some
cases minor demolition may be appropriate as part of conservation. Removed significant fabric
should be reinstated when circumstances permit.
15.4 The contributions of all aspects of cultural significance of a place should be respected. If a
place includes fabric, uses, associations or meanings of different periods, or different aspects of
cultural significance, emphasizing or interpreting one period or aspect at the expense of another
can only be justified when what is left out, removed or diminished is of slight cultural significance
and that which is emphasized or interpreted is of much greater cultural significance.
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BUILDING ATTRIBUTES
A. TYPES OF SPACES
Careful analysis of the following will allow designers to determine the space needs for
the seven general spaces listed above, which are common to public libraries:
Identification of the library's population of users
Estimation of the collections provided by the library and the space needed to
accommodate those provisions to meet the future needs of its users
Estimation of floor space needed to accommodate seating areas
Estimation of floor space needed by staff
Estimation of floor space needed for meeting rooms
Estimation of miscellaneous public- and staff-use space (special use space)
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Estimation of space needed for entry halls, mechanical rooms, bathrooms, etc.
(non-assignable space).
The following steps can be used to determine the library's general building attributes.
The steps below do not assess exterior space needs such as parking and site amenities,
which vary widely depending on site selection as determined in the library program.
A projection of the needs of the design (service) population for 20 years is the
start of the library design process. This design projection will allow the library to serve
the future needs of its population of users and allows the designer to determine the
space needed for the preceding categories of library spaces.
Calculate Space Needs for Books—As a general rule of thumb, to estimate the
square footage of book storage space (with aisles at least 36 inches wide) divide
the total projected number of volumes by 10. The square footage needed for
compact book storage is equal to the total projected collection divided by 25. For
example, if the total projected collection over 20 years is 50,000 volumes, 50,000
divided by 10 equals 5,000 square feet needed to house the projected collection.
Calculate Space Needs for Non-print Items—To determine the square footage
necessary to store non-print material, divide the total number of non-print items
projected over 20 years by 10. For example, if the projected non-print items over
20 years equals 20,000, then 20,000 divided by 10 equals 2,000 square feet of
space needed for non-print items over a 20–year period.
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printer. A PAC station used from a seated position requires at least 40 square feet. A
PAC station used from a standing position requires at least 20 square feet. PACs can by
placed anywhere in the library. For example, a PAC that can be used by a standing
person can be placed near the entry area and can function only to direct users to
particular spaces in the library depending on the users' inputted needs.
Calculate Space Needs for Staff Work Areas—On average, the space needed for staff
work areas is approximately 150 square feet per work area. Some work areas may be
larger than others. For example, check-out areas may require more square footage than
help-desk areas. As a general rule of thumb, the square footage allotment for staff work
areas equals the number of projected staff areas multiplied by 150.
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Calculate Space Needs for Special-Use Areas—Some special-use spaces and their
required square footage are included in the table below.
Calculate Space Needs for Non-Assignable Areas—The square footage needed for
non-assignable space equals the total square footage of steps 2 through 7, divided by 4.
This is an example of an urban palace in the European style. It follows the Bramante
model used for constructing the house of Raphael in Borgo Vaticano in its upper storey, while its
ground floor and patio follow the model laid down for the Farnese Palace, which was the finest
example of palaces in 16th century Rome.
In 2013, the new Ayuntamiento de Manila, was reborn as the office of the Bureau of
Treasury. The work is by no means perfect, but it cannot be denied that it is a laudable effort
that deserves recognition and emulation, considering the state of awareness regarding our
heritage. It now stands as one of the few notable examples of heritage reconstruction in the
country, which hopefully will be an inspiration for more to do such types of projects here as a
way for present and future generations to appreciate our past a new.
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The building is described as “made of cut stones, monumental, and pleasing. The first
floor housed the courts and jail; the second the administrative offices, a chapel, and archives”.
The second Ayuntamiento had a central clock tower above its façade and two symmetrical
wings. Bulbous wrought iron balconies decorated the second storey and a covered arcade
characterized the first floor. Navarro’s plans were revised to make them more structurally sound
and in 4 April 1881 work continued. Another stoppage occurred on 21 March 1885. Juan Hervas
was commissioned to redesign the vestibule. Navarro planned the third Ayuntamiento in the
Neo-classical idiom, opting for severity and well-proportioned members. The quadrilateral
structure was built around an atrium. Hervas’s renovated vestibule had a harlequin floor of black
and white marble, an elegant staircase decorated with a wrought iron balustrade.
This includes the five-door façade in the second level similar to Palazzo Caprini (Palazzo
di Raffaello) in Borgo (rione di Roma) designed by Donato Bramante. Its canopied ground floor
windows also drew inspiration from the Palazzo Farnese in Rome.
The staircase lead to the upper floor where mayor’s office was located. There was a
waiting room for men and another for women who had business to transact with city hall. The
rooms were furnished in the overstuffed Victorian manner with paintings by Spanish and
Filipinos, bentwood Vienna chairs, and bric a brac. The city chapter’s session hall had a ceiling
painted with allegorical figures and glass chandeliers imported from Europe. The most famous
feature of the building was its ceremonial “Marble Hall.” This rectangular room, with a white
marble floor, had a coffered ceiling from which hung glass and brass chandeliers. It was an
elegant hall for the social events of Manila’s elite.
The present structure is the restoration of the third one. Revitalizing its ancestral and
artistic architectural feature, it restored the Vestibule, the Grand staircase, the Salon de Fiestas
y Actos Publicos or the Marble Hall, and the Sala de Sesiones. In the 20th century, the
Ayuntamiento earned the sobriquet “Marble Palace,” because of its generous use of this
material. Architect Javier Galvan of the Instituto Cervantes once remarked that Ayuntamiento
de Manila is probably the most beautiful building of Manila during the Spanish Era.
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Built in Roman- Doric style, the main front portion of the structure is standing on eight
long brick pillars. The two storied building covers more than 1200 sq. meters. The building was
completed in 1813. The architect was Col. John Garstin, the then chief engineer of the city.
22nd March 1814- the building was opened to the public.
Some cracks were noticed in 1815.
In 1818 it was noticed that some of the pillars in the upper floor were found to be
defective. It was repaired and Col. Garstin, the architect had to bear the cost.
Later on, in 1867, the then Calcutta Municipal Corporation became the official custodian
of Town Hall.
The building was renovated and opened to the public in 1998.
In 2002, the museum named Kolkata Panorama opened to the public in a new look.
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The museum depicts the making of the city of Kolkata (earlier known as Calcutta) which tells
the story in audio- visual format. The entire socio economic and cultural history of the city is
covered here. The museum remains open every day from 11 in the morning till 5 in the evening.
The town hall is a very famous and important landmark of Kolkata. During the British Raj
the town hall was the most important place for social gatherings in Calcutta and many important
state functions of the British East India Company were held here. The hall has been witnessed
to many historic proclamations and events during the 19th and 20th century. It was considered
an elite place for public gatherings by the Europeans. Nowadays, many functions of the
Government of West Bengal are held here. The town hall was featured on the 6th leg of The
Amazing Race 18, when the teams had to compete in a tea-drinking roadblock.
Practical conservation of heritage buildings in Kolkata started in the 1990s and the first
restoration project was the Town Hall, a public building built by the British in 1813, in the central
business district by a public‐private partnership. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the
restoration process and adaptive reuse of the Town Hall as a case study.
A team of conservationists, architects and structural engineers worked during 1996‐
1998. The methodology included surveying and documenting the existing structure; examining
old materials and methods of construction, earlier repairs and the suitability of matching new
materials; analysing the structure, defects and their causes; prescribing remedial measures;
preparing items of work, estimating and tendering for appointment of contractors; allocating
funds for restoration; supervision and monitoring of the works.
The Seeley is one of the largest libraries in Cambridge; its primary role is to
support the History Faculty’s teaching program by providing students with a wide range
of printed, online and audio-visual material. It was first established in 1807 when John
Symonds, Regius Professor of Modern History, gathered its nucleus of 1,000 books.
The History Faculty building designed by James Stirling accommodates over 300
students and houses more than 95,000 volumes. The skylight over the reading room is a
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crucial part of the design, although it is difficult to see from outside the building and
contributes nothing to its silhouette.
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An IPO (Input – Process – Output) diagram covers all the data and information required
for the process, details, descriptions and the product from the process.
This study utilized qualitative type of research method which used the different
types of techniques such as history, documents, observations and case studies. Using
qualitative method would help to know the problems and needed and it can be solved
through observation, analysis, and description. The case study technique is gathering
and collecting the data related to the project to use to formulate concepts, study the
context of the project, boundaries of the development such as laws that may affect the
progress of the project.
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The City of Manila is located at the western part of the National Capital Region.
Bounded by Caloocan City on the north, Quezon City on northeast, San Juan City on the
east, Makati City on southeast, Pasay City on the south, and Manila Bay on the west
side.
Known as the capital of the Philippines, Manila has a total land area of 7,956.65
hectares. The city is divided into six congressional districts, subdivided into 16
administrative districts with 100 barangay zones composed of 897 barangays.
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The District V is situated on the southern part of the City of Manila. It is bounded by
District III on the north and District VI on the northeast. It is encompassing San Andres, Malate,
Intramuros, and Port Area is host to institutions, transport facilities and utilities and some
commercial activities.
3.1.3 Administrative Map
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The site is address in 655, Intramuros, Manila, 1002 Metro Manila. It has 0.62 ha.
This site is bounded by the road, Soriano Avenue, Cabildo St., and Postigo St.
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3.2.1 Topography
The topography of the Manila is relatively flat, but some parts are below sea
level. In the midst of high tide, the sea water goes about two kilometers inland
along the Pasig River towards Laguna Bay.
Dystropepts • Brownish or reddish acid tropepts that are formed from either acid rocks or under high
rainfall of both.
• Narrower adaptability for agricultural crops.
The City of Manila and the rest of NCR lies on a shelf which has been essentially formed
by a ridge of volcanic ash to the west. The city is physically susceptible to earthquake hazards
such as ground shaking and liquefaction. Earthquakes can bring damage to both economic and
social interaction. Applying earthquake resistant technologies are being implemented on
building and structural codes. The city leans towards the coping mechanisms to earthquake
disasters, focusing on quick response recovery of the older buildings.
Geolofical Risks of Various Areas in Metro Manila is shown in the figure above,
Pandacan is classified under Low Risk zone.
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3.3.1.3 Telecommunication
The cellphone telecommunication services in Pandacan are provided by two
major companies namely, Smart Communications and Globe Telecom. While the
internet services are mostly supported by Globe Broadband and PLDT
telecommunications company.
3.3.1.4 Drainage System
Pasig River provides the main drainage of Pandacan that is linked to the Manila
Bay and Laguna de Bay. It has a total span of 25 kilometers.Each neighborhood has a
network of small drainage system that serves as a small catchment area from a single
property to several blocks of buildings.
3.3.1.5 Solid Waste Management
Waste collection is done through house-to-house collection and collecting of
wastes in trash bins provided by the residents themselves. After being collected, the
wastes are then brought to the transfer station located at Pier 18, NHA Compound,
Tondo. The wastes in the transfer station are transported either in Navotas or
Montalban, Rizal.
The transportation industry sets in motion the pace of economic and social progress.
Its capability determines the conduct and volume of all domestic commerce.
Transportation influences the way people interact and their everyday activities.
The common means of transportation in Intramuros for the public are jeepneys, taxi
cabs, trains and kalesa. Cars, vans, motorcycles and bicycles are the usual private
means of transportation.
3.3.1.6.2 Railways
The City of Manila is served by the Light Rail Transit (LRT) system Lines 1 and 2 that
runs from North Avenue to Baclaran, and North Avenue to Taft respectively.
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3.4.1 Demographics
3.4.2.1 Education
Intramuros has many well-known schools and universities such as Colegio de
San Juan de Letran, Lyceum of the Philippines-Manila, Mapua Univeristy, Colegio de
Sta. Rosa, Manila High School and Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila.
3.4.2.2 Healthcare
Location Name of Hospital Bed Capacity Classification Category
DISTRICT V
667 UN Avenue, Ermita MANILA DOCTORS HOSPITAL 300 General Tertiary
112 Gen. Luna, Ermita MEDICAL CENTER MANILA 250 General Tertiary
UN Ave., Physicians’ Tower PHYSIANS’ DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE CENTER 8 General Secondary
Cabildo St. Intramuros SEAMAN’S HOSPITAL 100 General Tertiary
3.4.2.3 Housing
According to the Manila Health Department, District V had the biggest number of
depressed barangays (57 barangays. Or an estimated population of 175,743).
Government set to implement housing program for Intramuros squatters.
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The Intramuros Administration (IA) has inked a joint memorandum circular with
government housing agencies to implement a program that will address the informal-
settlers issue in the walled city.
3.4.2.4 Recreation
Intramuros is rich in recreational activities and sites because Intramuros is heaped in
history.
Walls, gates, and fortifications
Fort Santiago
Postigo del Palacio
Puerta de Santa Lucia
Baluartillo de San Jose and Reducto de San Pedro
Baluarte de San Diego
Puerta de Santa Lucia
Baluartillo de San Jose and Reducto de San Pedro
Baluarte de San Diego
Plazas, monuments, and public buildings
Plaza de Roma
Ayuntamiento
Aduana
Palacio del Gobernador
Plaza México
Plaza Sto. Tomas
Plazuela de Sta. Isabel
Museums
Bahay Tsinoy
Casa Manila
Light and Sound Museum
Rizal Shrine
San Agustin Museum
Sport
Club Intramuros Golf Course
Located in heritage
site
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CHECK OUT VISITORS 3 7.5 6.75 14.25 3 TABLE 0.6 0.6 0.36 14.61
REFERENCE COMPUTER TERMINALS VISITORS 3 7.5 6.75 14.25 3 TABLE 0.6 0.6 0.36 14.61
CARD CATALOGUE VISITORS 6 15 13.5 28.5 2 CABINET 1.2 0.4 0.48 28.98
READERS AREA VISITORS 75 33.75 30.375 30.375 15 TABLES 2 0.8 24 79.173
LIBRARIAN 1 0.96 0.864 1.824 75 CHAIRS 0.5 0.5 18.75
ASSITANT LIBRARIAN 1 0.96 0.864 1.824 2 OFFICE TABLE 1 0.6 1.2
34.023 2 OFFICE CHAIR 0.5 0.5 0.5
15 CARRELS 1 0.7 0.7
45.15
WOMEN'S RESTROOM STAFFS 6 5.76 5.184 10.944 6 TOILET 0.45 0.5 1.35 13.794
JANITORS 1 2.5 2.25 4.75 1 LAVATORY 2.5 0.6 1.5
15.694 2.85
MEN'S WOMEN STAFFS 6 5.76 5.184 10.944 2 TOILET 0.45 0.5 0.45 19.624
JANITORS 1 2.5 2.25 4.75 1 LAVATORY 2.5 0.6 1.5
15.694 4 URINALS 0.45 1.1 1.98
3.93
COLLECTION AREA VISITORS 30 75 67.5 142.5 20 BOOK SHELVES 2 0.5 20 162.5
SUPPORT FACILITIES
PRINTING ROOM STAFF 2 1.92 1.728 3.648 4 PRINTER 0.6 0.4 0.96 4.608
STORAGE ROOM STAFF 2 1.92 1.728 3.648 3 CABINET 0.4 1 1.2 4.848
DISCUSSION ROOM VISITORS 10 4.5 4.05 8.55 1 TABLE 0.6 1.2 0.72 11.77
10 CHAIRS 0.5 0.5 2.5
3.22
COLLECTION STOCK ROOM STAFF 2 1.92 1.728 3.648 5 BOOK SHELVES 2 0.5 5 8.648
AUDIO VISUAL MEDIA ROOM VISITORS 30 13.5 12.15 25.65 30 CHAIRS 0.5 0.5 7.5 34.974
STAFFS 1 0.96 0.864 1.824
27.474
DUPLICATIONS OF ARCHIEVALS STAFFS 2 1.92 1.728 3.648 3 CABINET 0.4 1 1.2 4.848
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PROTECTIVE ENCLOSURE OF EXITS (4) storeys or more = (3) hour fire resistance rating
NUMBERS OF MEANS OF EGRESS 1000 and more users = 4 exits
4.3.2 BP344 Law Enhancing the Mobility of Disable also known as "Accessibility Law"
ACCESSIBLE
RAMPS - Minimum clear width of 1.20 m.
- Gradient not steeper than 1:12.
- For accessible ramps 3m or more in width, provide intermediate handrails at
the center. Use of double “J” type handrail supports are recommended.
- Maximum length of 6.00 m.: Accessible ramps with a total length longer than
6.00 m shall be provided with intermediate landings with a minimum length of
1.50 m.
- Level area not less than 1.80 m at the top and bottom of any ramp.
- Handrails on both sides of the ramp at 700 mm and 900 mm from the floor of
the ramp.
- 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and bottom
of ramps.
HANDRAILS
AND GRAB - Handrails should be installed at both sides of ramps and stairs and at the outer
BARS edges of dropped curbs at crossings; handrails should not be installed beyond
the width of any crossing so as not to obstruct pedestrian flow; handrails shall be
installed at 0.90m and 0.10m above steps or ramps; handrails for protection at
great heights may be installed at 1.00m to 1.06m;
- 30m long extension of the handrail should be provided at the start and end of
ramps and stairs;
- Handrails that require full grip should have a dimension of 30mm to 50mm;
- Handrails attached to walls should have a clearance no less than 50mm from
the wall; handrails on ledges should have a clearance not less than 40mm;
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5.1 Philosophy
“History”
History is important to study and discover to know where we are coming from, who
we are, and what we are in the future. Sometimes history teaches us, sometimes history is
the reflection of future. From the word itself, the design will apply to the project proposes to
encourage people to have interest to know what is in our history. The concept proposal is
History Library for the people who wants to know about history. The building was very
historical, Ayuntamiento rises four times. The people will feel the essence and ambience of
history because the place is full of history.
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• To make a design that will fit to the heritage building and acceptable function to the
place.
• To create a library for the people that will feel the history of the place and also the
country.
• To design the Ayuntamiento de Manila that will maintain the importance of the building
with its memories, history, sacrifices and rises of the structure.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Manila Comprehensive Land Use Plan and zoning Ordinance, 2005
Manila CDP, 2016-2019
RA 9514 Fire Code of the Philippines 2008
BP344 Law Enhancing the Mobility of Disable also known as "Accessibility Law"
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF THE NATIONAL
CULTURAL HERITAGE, STRENGTHENING THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE
AND THE ARTS (NCCA) AND ITS AFFILIATED CULTURAL AGENCIES, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
STANDARDS FOR PHILIPPINE LIBRARIES
THE BURRA CHARTER
National Institute of Building Sciences
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