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Psychological Assessment Introduction
Psychological Assessment Introduction
• PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING
– The process of measuring psychology-related
variables through the use of devices or procedures
designed to obtain a sample of behavior.
• PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
– The collection and integration of psychology-
related data for the use in a psychological
evaluation that is accomplished through the use
of tools such as tests, interviews, case studies,
behavioral observations, and specially designed
apparatuses and measurement procedure.
Cohen & Swerdlik, 2009
Referral for Assessment
Teacher, Judge, Clinician, Parent, HR, GC, Social Worker Referral Question
Formal Assessment
Interview
Testing Case History Others
•Patient and Sources
Assessment Report
Psychological Report Writing
Collaborative Psychological Assessment
• Therapeutic Psychological Assessment
Dynamic Assessment
• Assessor and assessee works as partners from
initial contact to final feedback
• May include therapy as part of the process
– Therapeutic Psychological Assessment
• therapeutic self-discovery and new understandings are
encouraged throughout the assessment process
• an interactive approach to psychological
assessment that usually follows a model of
– evaluation
– intervention of some sort
– evaluation
• Used in:
– Educational
– Correctional
– Corporate
– Neuropsychological
– Clinical
THE THE
THE TEST
INTERVIEW PORTFOLIO
USE OF
COMPUTERS
• Test – measuring device or procedure
• Modifiers:
– Medical Tests vs. Psychological Tests
PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS
CONTENT
FORMAT
ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES
TECHNICAL QUALITY
PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST: DIFFERENCES
• CONTENT
– Subject matter
– “focus”
– The case of the same purpose but differing in
content
• i.e. Personality tests
• Different theoretical orientation
• Different operant definitions
NEO-FFI
• FORMAT
– form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of
test items
– Time limit
– Form on which the test is administered
• Pencil-and-paper, computerized
– Procedures in obtaining samples of behavior
PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST: DIFFERENCES
• ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES
– Individual
• Skills
• Tasks
• Knowledge
i.e. TONI-3
– Group Administration
PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST: DIFFERENCES
CUT SCORE
• Cut-off
• reference point, usually numerical, derived by
judgment and used to divide a set of data into
two or more classifications
• TECHNICAL QUALITY
– Psychometric Soundness
• Psychometrics = science of psychological measurement
• Validity
• Reliability
• Utility
• Interview : “face-to-face talk”
• In Psychology
– More than talking
– “what is said and how it is said”
– VERBAL AND NON VERBAL BEHAVIOR
– Body Language
• Eye movement/contact
• Facial expression
• Gestures
• Dress/Attire, Hygiene
• Telephone Interview
• Panel Interview
INTERVIEW
•Method of gathering
information through direct
communication involving
reciprocal exchange.
• Files containing one’s works
• Can be in film, canvas, paper, etc.
• Sample of one’s ability
• Refers to records, transcripts, and other accounts
in written, pictorial, or other form that preserve
archival information, official and informal
accounts, and other data and items relevant to an
assessee
Reenactments
Videos
TEST DEVELOPER
•Test Publishers
•Create and Distribute
Instruments
TEST USER
No Special Qualifications
Level S
Level B
4-year degree in Counseling, Completion of coursework in Or license/certification (use of
Psychology psychological testing tests)
Level C
Level B Qualifications Advanced professional degree
TEST TAKER
Extent to which they understand and agree with the rationale for the
assessment
•
Capacity and willingness to cooperate with the examiner or to
comprehend written test instructions
Self-understanding
program evaluation
Scientific inquiry
Placement Rating Selection
Competency
Decision-
and Experiments
making
Proficiency
Predicting Outcome
Diagnosis
Behavior Evaluation
Counseling
Educational Clinical Setting
Setting
Government and
Business and
Geriatric Setting Organization
Military Setting
Credentialing
Educational
School Ability Test
Achievement Test
Diagnostic Test
Informal Evaluation
public, private, and military hospitals, inpatient and
Clinical outpatient clinics, private-practice consulting rooms,
schools, and other institutions
Diagnosis
Customer Satisfaction
PAP
• Tests Standards
• Responsible test users have obligations
before, during, and after a test or any
measurement procedure is administered
PRE-TEST
PREPARATIONS Safe-keeping of
tests
Training on test
administration
Stopwatch
Familiarity with the
tests and materials Supply of Pencils
Test Protocols
Temperature
Room/Venue Lighting
Noise
People
DURING THE TESTING
• Establishing Rapport
• a working relationship
between the examiner
and the examinee
POST-TEST Safeguarding Tests Protocols
RESPONSIBILITIES
Scoring
Interpretation
TEST MANUALS
REFERENCE VOLUMES
JOURNAL ARTICLES
ON-LINE DATABASES
LIBRARY
Design Property 1: A good test has a
clearly defined purpose.
Properties
Property 2: A good test has a
specific and standard content.
STANDARDIZED
• Uniformity in the administration and interpretation of results
RELIABLE
• Consistency if the scores
VALID
• Concerns with what the test measures and how well it does