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Levels of Culture and The Bagobo Tribe: Report in Cultures in Mindanao
Levels of Culture and The Bagobo Tribe: Report in Cultures in Mindanao
Prepared by:
Submitted to:
Group 3:
Culture
-is defined as the set of learned behaviors and beliefs that characterize a society
or people group. Simply put, it is what makes people group a people group. It’s their
beliefs, attitudes, and ideals. It is their art, their religion, their clothing, their diet, their
entertainment. It is all that makes them them.
International culture
-is culture that extends beyond national borders. With definition in mind, the
international culture is sometimes called as universal culture.
National culture
This represents the beliefs and practices shared by the citizens of the same
nation. It is what makes an American an American and an Italian an Italian.
Subculture
Is defined as the beliefs and attitudes that separate groups within the same
broad cultures. As a layer of culture, subculture is often made up of differences in
religion, socioeconomic status, and even race.
Local culture
is everything that we create and share as part of our lives in the place where we
live or work. It recognizes the expertise that people have in living their daily lives.
BAGOBO TRIBE
Are by origin a nomadic tribe, they travelled from one place to another by hacking
their way through the virgin forest.
Bagobo came from the words “Bago” means “new” and “Obo,Obbo,Uvu” means
“Growth or Grow”.
They are from Mindanao, Philippines. Bagobo’s traditional costume includes their
pangulabe (colorful necklaces0, tapis (women’s skit made o abaca), kobol (bag from
dried roots.), lolen (headdress from horse or chicken feather), and their pankis
(bracelet).
a. Tagabawa;
c. Ubo
TAGABAWA
Ubo
BELIEFS
They feared the Anitos, spirits which include deceased ancestors and nature-
spirits or Diwatas, who could grant their desire through offering of sacrifices.
Mount Apo is the Bagobo ancestral domain and sacred place of worship.
NORMS
MARRIAGE
Parental decision
Friendly accommodation
Symbol of obligation
Wedding feast
Commitment and privilege
Dowry practices
BIRTH PRACTICES
Midwife tokens
Kill the triplets babies
ACCESSORIES
OTHER PRACTICES
Polygamy
Slavery
VALUES
Friendly-traders
Industrious
Obedient
ECONOMY
The primary means of subsistence is swidden agriculture. Rice and corn are
rotated.
Other products are: copra, coffee and cacao, fruits, and vegetables.
Trade has opened intertribal and interracial relations.
The money economy, while decreasing the level of self-sufficiency, has
helped improve production, transportation, and communication.
Basketry is done by both sexes.
POLITICAL SYSTE M
Mayor
Vice mayor with the assistance of the municipal council
Barangay captain of the Poblacion
Sangguniang bayan members
Municipal development officer
Municipal planning and development coordinator
POLITICAL STRUCTURE
It composed of Cheiftains called “Matanum” the council of elders, the Magani’s,
the Babaylans and the slaves called “Al-lang” in the native dialect. The political leader
and the Datu in the village attains his position by virtue of wealth, speaking ability and
knowledge of customary law called fendan. Once a fine is set or imposed by the Datu,
the accused has to pay it to the aggrieved party and if he cannot pay he will become
servant to the one who pays for him. This practice is called dok.
The Datu was the chief Bagani his main function was to be a judge, an arbiter,
and a defender of the tribe. As the Bagani was held in high esteem , so his opposite, the
matalo or a man who has never killed a person or has no desired to fight was scorned.
Composed of women and children taken during raids. Slave women sometimes
became concubines of their masters; if so, their children considered free because theirs
fathers were freemen
PERFORMING ARTS
Tagungguan
The dance portrays a step by step cycle rice culture; from planting, harvesting to
thanksgiving rituals for a bountiful rice harvest.
Ommoy is the Bagobo term for the rice grains without husks.